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O'Grady I, O'Sullivan J. Alcohol consumption modulates Candida albicans-induced oral carcinogenesis and progression. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:293-304. [PMID: 37806338 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the impact of low levels of alcohol consumption on the interaction of the oral cavity with Candida albicans, a species that is commonly found at higher levels in the oral cavities of regular alcohol consumers, patients with pre-malignant diseases, and patients with existing oral cancer (OC). METHODS The gingival squamous cell carcinoma cell line, Ca9-22, was subjected to low-level ethanol exposure before co-culture with heat-inactivated C. albicans (HICA). We performed cell viability assays, measured reactive oxygen species, and used Western blot analysis for cell death markers to examine the effect of ethanol and HICA on cells. Scratch assays and anchorage-independent growth assays were used to determine cell behavioral changes. RESULTS The results showed that ethanol in combination with HICA exacerbated cell death and cell cycle disruption, delayed NF-κB signaling, increased TIMP-2 secretion, and subsequently decreased MMP-2 secretion when compared to exposure to HICA alone. Conversely, both ethanol and HICA independently increased proliferation of Ca9-22 cells in scratch assays, and in combination, increased their capacity for anchorage-independent growth. CONCLUSION Low levels of ethanol may provide protective effects against Candida-induced inflammatory oral carcinogenesis or OC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel O'Grady
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Jeff O'Sullivan
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Burduk PK, Sawicki P, Szylberg L, Bodnar M, Marszalek A. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2/9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/2 as Predictive Factors in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2019; 31:153-161. [PMID: 31223594 PMCID: PMC6556742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors play an important role in the metastases formation. A multistage process of carcinogenesis requires the involvement of numerous enzymes and compounds that facilitate the expansion of tumor cells. The formation of metastases depends on both metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors activation leading to the activation of neoangiogenesis. The changes of the expression in stromal and tumor proteins could be prognostic factors in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on a total of 34 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx divided into 2 groups, including 20 patients with neck metastasis and 14 patients without lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemistry was performed with a standard protocol. RESULTS The results of the present analysis indicated a higher expression of metalloproteinases 2 in the stroma than in tumor with increasing tumor grade. The dynamics of changes in the expression of metalloproteinases showed the increase in metalloproteinases 2 and the decrease in metalloproteinases 9 depending on the tumor size. Dynamics of changes in the expression of tissue inhibitor 1 in the tumor stroma significantly increased with the tumor stage. In the assessment of nodal staging from N0 to N3, the expression of tissue inhibitor 1 and 2 were higher in the tumor tissues. The increase of metalloproteinases 2, tissue inhibitor 1 in the tumor, and metalloproteinases 9 in the stroma were characterized by a reduction in the odds ratio of patient's survival. CONCLUSION The complex evaluation of the expression of metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors may be used for the prognosis of the patient's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel-Krzysztof Burduk
- Department of Otolaryngology,Oncology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.,Corresponding Author: Department of Otolaryngology, Oncology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kornela Ujejskiego 75 Str. 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland. Tell: +48 603749493, E-mail:
| | | | - Lukasz Szylberg
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, Poland.
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Li HX, Zheng JH, Ji L, Liu GY, Lv YK, Yang D, Hu Z, Chen H, Zhang FM, Cao W. Effects of low-intensity ultrasound combined with low-dose carboplatin in an orthotopic hamster model of tongue cancer: A preclinical study. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:1609-1618. [PMID: 29436690 PMCID: PMC5868397 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) combined with chemotherapy is an innovative modality for cancer treatment, but its effect on orthotopic carcinoma remains unknown. Our previous study revealed that LIUS enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of several chemotherapeutic drugs in nude mice with transplanted tumors. In the present study, we used 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene to induce orthotopic tongue carcinogenesis in hamsters. We used the first-line chemotherapy drug for tongue cancer, carboplatin (CBP) in combination with LIUS to investigate the synergistic effect. The results revealed that LIUS combined with low-dose CBP enhanced the inhibitory effects of CBP on tumor growth, prolonged survival, and did not increase the incidence of side-effects. It also enhanced the inherent DNA damage caused by CBP, suppressed the expression of the DNA repair proteins O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and Chk1, and increased the expression of DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45α. Furthermore, compared with CBP alone, LIUS combined with CBP reduced the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1, induced the expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, Bax, and Bak, and inhibited the expression of Bcl-2. Examination of clinical samples revealed that MGMT, Chk1, and Gadd45α were higher in OTSCC than in adjacent normal tissue. Hence, our results indicated that LIUS enhanced the ability of low-dose CBP to damage DNA in an orthotopic hamster model of tongue cancer, induced apoptosis, inhibited tumor growth and progression, while it did not increase the toxic side-effects of the drug, suggesting additional clinical benefits for patients treated with the combination of CBP with LIUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hua Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ji
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Yao Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yv-Kun Lv
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Laboratory of Sono- and Phototheranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Min Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Laboratory of Sono- and Phototheranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
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Tan BB, Li Y, Fan LQ, Zhao Q, Liu QW, Liu Y, Wang D, Jia N. Upregulated Vav2 in gastric cancer tissues promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698392. [PMID: 28459214 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have proved that Vav2 gene is associated with the carcinogenesis of some tumors, but the relationship between Vav2 gene and gastric cancer remains unclear. Purpose of this study is to detect the expression of Vav2 protein in gastric cancer tissues and to evaluate the clinical value of Vav2. Furthermore, both effect of Vav2 gene on invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells and its mechanism are investigated in vitro. Results showed that positive rate of Vav2 protein was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues and notably higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in gastric cancer tissues. Results of western blot were consistent with immunohistochemistry. Expression of Vav2 protein in gastric cancer tissues was related to degree of tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stages. Inhibition of endogenous Vav2 in BGC823 cells led to significantly decreased cell activity, migration, and invasion ability in vitro, and expression of Rac1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 decreased, whereas expression of TIMP-1 increased. We concluded that Vav2 might promote invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by regulating some invasion and metastasis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-bo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li-qiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing-wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yü Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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