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Wen P, Qi X, Zheng R. Value of the HOTAIR expression assay in predicting therapy target in hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2024:3936155241252458. [PMID: 38748534 DOI: 10.1177/03936155241252458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies show that the long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) was upregulated in human cancer, which was associated with several clinical features and may have the potential to be prognostic markers. However, the significance of HOTAIR in hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis and bioanalysis to further investigate the association between HOTAIR and hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Eligible literature was systematically retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The pooled hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate to the effect. Raw data on HOTAIR expression were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas data portals. All bioinformatics analyses were performed using R software (version 4.3.1). RESULTS We identified eight studies in this meta-analysis with a total of 399 patients. High-level HOTAIR expression was found to be significantly related to advanced tumor node metastasis stage, distant metastasis, poor tumor differentiation, and patients with hepatitis. Correspondingly, HOTAIR was also associated with poor overall survival and relapse-free survival. Subsequently, in bioanalysis, HOTAIR expression was higher in hepatocellular carcinoma as well as poor overall survival. High HOTAIR expression was strongly correlated with tumor node metastasis stage. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes related to HOTAIR may be involved in the cancer-associated signaling pathway. CONCLUSION HOTAIR may be a potential biomarker for HCC prediction and is expected to become a new choice for clinical HCC prediction..
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wen
- Department of Second Stationed Out-Patient, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Wenhua Road 83, Shenyang, Liaoning 110068, P.R. China
| | - Xiyu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Wenhua Road 83, Shenyang, Liaoning 110068, P.R. China
| | - Ruzhen Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Yanguan Lane34, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
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Guo B, Yan S, Zhai L, Cheng Y. LncRNA HOTAIR accelerates free fatty acid-induced inflammatory response in HepG2 cells by recruiting SRSF1 to stabilize MLXIPL mRNA. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:259-269. [PMID: 38495293 PMCID: PMC10940554 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNA HOTAIR has been reported to be associated with metabolic diseases of the liver. However, the effect of HOTAIR on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) inflammation and its potential mechanism have not been reported. Genes and proteins expression were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The level of inflammatory cytokines was assessed by ELISA. HepG2 cell viability was detected by MTT assay. TG level and lipid accumulation were measured by Assay Kit and Oil red O staining, respectively. Direct binding relationship between HOTAIR and Serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), SRSF1 and MLX interacting protein like (MLXIPL) were confirmed by RNA-pull down and RIP assay. HOTAIR was highly expressed in free fatty acids (FFA)-treated HepG2 cells. HOTAIR knockdown alleviated FFA-induced inflammation of HepG2 cells. Then further analysis showed that HOTAIR and SRSF1 had a mutual binding relationship, and HOTAIR maintained MLXIPL mRNA stability via recruiting SRSF1 in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of HOTAIR knockdown on FFA-induced inflammation in HepG2 cells was reversed by MLXIPL overexpression. HOTAIR accelerates inflammation of FFA-induced HepG2 cells by recruiting SRSF1 to stabilize MLXIPL mRNA, which will help to find new effective strategies for NAFLD therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-023-00614-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, 510450 Guangdong China
| | - Shengzhe Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280 Guangdong China
| | - Lei Zhai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, 510450 Guangdong China
| | - Yanzhen Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280 Guangdong China
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Hakami MA, Hazazi A, Abdulaziz O, Almasoudi HH, Alhazmi AYM, Alkhalil SS, Alharthi NS, Alhuthali HM, Almalki WH, Gupta G, Khan FR. HOTAIR: A key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in cancer progression and treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154957. [PMID: 38000201 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR occupies a central position in the complex domain of cancer biology, particularly concerning its intricate interplay with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted interactions between HOTAIR and the Wnt/β-catenin cascade, elucidating their profound function in cancer growth, progression, and therapeutic strategies. The study commences by underscoring the pivotal role of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in governing essential cellular activities, emphasizing its dysregulation as a linchpin in cancer initiation and advancement. It introduces HOTAIR as a crucial regulatory entity, influencing gene expression in both healthy and diseased. The core of this review plunges into the intricacies of HOTAIR's engagement with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It unravels how HOTAIR, through epigenetic modifications and transcriptional control, exerts its influence over key pathway constituents, including β-catenin, Wnt ligands, and target genes. This influence drives unchecked cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the review underscores the clinical significance of the HOTAIR-Wnt/β-catenin interplay, elucidating its associations with diverse cancer subtypes, patient prognoses, and prospects as a therapy. It provides insights into ongoing research endeavors to develop HOTAIR-targeted treatments and initiatives to facilitate aberrant Wnt/β-catenin activation. Concluding on a forward-looking note, the article accentuates the broader implications of HOTAIR's involvement in cancer biology, including its contributions to therapy resistance and metastatic dissemination. It underscores the importance of delving deeper into these intricate molecular relationships to pave the way for groundbreaking cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Samia S Alkhalil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed S Alharthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences. College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudia Arabia
| | - Hayaa M Alhuthali
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Pei R, Zhao L, Ding Y, Su Z, Li D, Zhu S, Xu L, Zhao W, Zhou W. JMJD6-BRD4 complex stimulates lncRNA HOTAIR transcription by binding to the promoter region of HOTAIR and induces radioresistance in liver cancer stem cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:752. [PMID: 37880710 PMCID: PMC10599021 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR acts importantly in liver cancer development, but its effect on radioresistance remains poorly understood. Here, our study probed into the possible impact of HOTAIR in radioresistance in liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and to elucidate its molecular basis. METHODS Following sorting of stem and non-stem liver cancer cells, LCSCs were identified and subjected to RNA-seq analysis for selecting differentially expressed genes. Expression of HOTAIR was determined in liver cancer tissues and CSCs. The stemness, proliferation, apoptosis and radioresistance of LCSCs were then detected in response to altered expression of HOTAIR-LSD1-JMJD6-BRD4. RESULTS Ectopic HOTAIR expression was found to promote radioresistance of LCSCs by maintaining its stemness. Mechanistic investigations indicated that HOTAIR recruited LSD1 to the MAPK1 promoter region and reduced the level of H3K9me2 in the promoter region, thus elevating ERK2 (MAPK1) expression. JMJD6-BRD4 complex promoted HOTAIR transcription by forming a complex and positively regulated ERK2 (MAPK1) expression, maintaining the stemness of LCSCs, and ultimately promoting their radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Collectively, our work highlights the promoting effect of the JMJD6-BRD4 complex on the radioresistance of LCSCs through a HOTAIR-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiren Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Su
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wuyuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Sun J, Li Y, Shi M, Tian H, Li J, Zhu K, Guo Y, Mu Y, Geng J, Li Z. A Positive Feedback Loop of lncRNA HOXD-AS2 and SMYD3 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via the MEK/ERK Pathway. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1237-1256. [PMID: 37533602 PMCID: PMC10390764 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s416946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose HOX cluster-embedded long noncoding RNAs (HOX-lncRNAs) have been shown to be tightly related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the potential biological roles and underlying molecular mechanism of HOX-lncRNAs in HCC largely remains to be elucidated. Methods The expression signature of eighteen HOX-lncRNAs in HCC cell lines were measured by qRT-PCR. HOXD-AS2 expression and its clinical significance in HCC was investigated by bioinformatics analysis utilizing the TCGA data. Subcellular localization of HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells was observed by RNA-FISH. Loss‑of‑function experiments in vitro and in vivo were conducted to probe the roles of HOXD-AS2 in HCC. Potential HOXD-AS2-controlled genes and signaling pathways were revealed by RNA-seq. Rescue experiments were performed to validate that SMYD3 mediates HOXD-AS2 promoting HCC progression. The positive feedback loop of HOXD-AS2 and SMYD3 was identified by luciferase reporter assay and ChIP-qPCR. Results HOXD-AS2 was dramatically elevated in HCC, and its up-regulation exhibited a positive association with aggressive clinical features (T stage, pathologic stage, histologic grade, AFP level, and vascular invasion) and unfavorable prognosis of HCC patients. HOXD-AS2 was distributed both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of HCC cells. Knockdown of HOXD-AS2 restrained the proliferation, migration, invasion of HCC cells in vitro, as well as tumor growth in subcutaneous mouse model. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that SMYD3 expression and activity of MEK/ERK pathway were impaired by silencing HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells. Rescue experiments revealed that SMYD3 as downstream target mediated oncogenic functions of HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells through altering the expression of cyclin B1, cyclin E1, MMP2 as well as the activity of MEK/ERK pathway. Additionally, HOXD-AS2 was uncovered to be positively regulated at transcriptional level by its downstream gene of SMYD3. Conclusion HOXD-AS2, a novel oncogenic HOX-lncRNA, facilitates HCC progression by forming a positive feedback loop with SMYD3 and activating the MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Shi
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Tian
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Guo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Mu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Geng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor and Immunology, the Precision Medical Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’ an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Mosca N, Russo A, Potenza N. Making Sense of Antisense lncRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8886. [PMID: 37240232 PMCID: PMC10219390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome complexity is emerging as an unprecedented and fascinating domain, especially by high-throughput sequencing technologies that have unveiled a plethora of new non-coding RNA biotypes. This review covers antisense long non-coding RNAs, i.e., lncRNAs transcribed from the opposite strand of other known genes, and their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several sense-antisense transcript pairs have been recently annotated, especially from mammalian genomes, and an understanding of their evolutionary sense and functional role for human health and diseases is only beginning. Antisense lncRNAs dysregulation is significantly involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, where they can act as oncogenes or oncosuppressors, thus playing a key role in tumor onset, progression, and chemoradiotherapy response, as deduced from many studies discussed here. Mechanistically, antisense lncRNAs regulate gene expression by exploiting various molecular mechanisms shared with other ncRNA molecules, and exploit special mechanisms on their corresponding sense gene due to sequence complementarity, thus exerting epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational controls. The next challenges will be piecing together the complex RNA regulatory networks driven by antisense lncRNAs and, ultimately, assigning them a function in physiological and pathological contexts, in addition to defining prospective novel therapeutic targets and innovative diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.)
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Gu D, Tong M, Wang J, Zhang B, Liu J, Song G, Zhu B. Overexpression of the lncRNA HOTAIRM1 promotes lenvatinib resistance by downregulating miR-34a and activating autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:66. [PMID: 37171645 PMCID: PMC10182232 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers in humans and has a high fatality rate. Despite pharmacological advances such as sorafenib and lenvatinib approval, responses are seen only in a limited fraction of HCCs, and the majority of HCC patients do not benefit from this treatment. In recent years, researchers have verified that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) impact the efficiency of lenvatinib and the prognosis of patients with HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work obtained gene expression profile from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray. Expression of HOTAIRM1, Beclin-1, and p62 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients with HCC. Overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in HCC cells to examine the effects of the HOTAIRM1 on lenvatinib sensitivity. The interactions between HOTAIRM1, miR-34a and Beclin-1 were predicted according to GSEA and CNC network. The effects of HOTAIRM1, autophagy and lenvatinib on tumor inhibit were validated in orthotopic tumor-bearing nude mouse model. RESULTS Lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell lines were established using the concentration gradient method. Data from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray indicated that HOTAIRM1, a specific lncRNA located in an evolutionarily highly conserved HOX gene cluster, was differentially expressed between lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and their parental cells. Expression of HOTAIRM1 and Beclin-1 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients who have different sensitivity to lenvatinib. Knocking down of HOTAIRM1 decreased the autophagy level in lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and increased their sensitivity to lenvatinib, especially when combined with autophagy inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. Further study indicated that knocking down HOTAIRM1 in lenvatinib-resistant cell lines increased the level of miR-34a and inhibited the expression of Beclin-1 in Huh7-R and HepG2-R cells. Investigation according to GSEA and CNC network, lncRNA and nearby coding gene and lncRNA-miRNA analyses demonstrated that the resistance of HCC to lenvatinib was affected by the HOTAIRM1-miR-34a-Beclin-1 regulatory axis. CONCLUSION HOTAIRM1 is an independent drug resistance factor which significantly associated with the efficacy of lenvatinib in HCC. HOTAIRM1 may downregulation of miR-34a and upregulation of Beclin-1, leading to activation of autophagy, thereby inducing lenvatinib resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyan Gu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meng Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Bocheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Institute of Digestive Surgery and Prof. Cai's Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- Department of Pulmonary, Department of Cancer Center, Changxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, 313100, China.
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Guo Y, Liu B, Huang T, Qi X, Li S. HOTAIR modulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating FUT8/core-fucosylated Hsp90/MUC1/STAT3 feedback loop via JAK1/STAT3 cascade. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:113-122. [PMID: 35504805 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycosylation exhibits crucial effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multilevel regulation of gene transcription during tumor development. The purpose of this study is to clarify the potential mechanism that HOTAIR modulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating FUT8/core-fucosylated Hsp90/MUC1/STAT3 feedback loop via JAK1/STAT3 cascade. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to show the differential expression of genes. Functional experiments were used to measure the malignancy of HCC cells. ChIP and co-IP assays showed the directly interaction of the key molecules. Xenografts was conducted to show the in vivo effects. RESULTS Upregulation of FUT8 showed closely correlation with HCC progression. Core-fucosylation of Hsp90 stabilized MUC1 binding to the downstream p-STAT3, which involved in the activation of JAK1/STAT3 cascade. STAT3 was identified as the regulator of FUT8 and MUC1 transcription, while FUT8 and MUC1 impacted STAT3 level both in nuclear and cytoplasm. HOTAIR recruited P300 to efficiently bind with STAT3. The transcript complex co-modulated the transcrption of FUT8 and MUC1. Moreover, highly HOTAIR expression also exhibited closely correlation with HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS FUT8 triggered core-fucosylated-Hsp90/MUC1/P300-HOTAIR-STAT3 cascade via JAK1/STAT3 pathway, which exhibited as positive feedback loop during HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Tong Huang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Xia Qi
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China; College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
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Berhane T, Holm A, Karstensen KT, Petri A, Ilieva MS, Krarup H, Vyberg M, Løvendorf MB, Kauppinen S. Knockdown of the long noncoding RNA PURPL induces apoptosis and sensitizes liver cancer cells to doxorubicin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19502. [PMID: 36376362 PMCID: PMC9663437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer with increasing incidence in western countries. Most HCC patients have advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis due to the asymptomatic nature of early-stage HCC and do not qualify for potentially curative surgical treatment, thus, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a large and heterogeneous group of non-protein coding transcripts that play important regulatory roles in numerous biological processes in cancer. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of liver biopsies from ten HCC, ten hepatitis C virus-associated HCC, and four normal livers to identify dysregulated lncRNAs in HCC. We show that the lncRNA p53-upregulated-regulator-of-p53-levels (PURPL) is upregulated in HCC biopsies and that its expression is p53-dependent in liver cancer cell lines. In addition, antisense oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown of PURPL inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and sensitized HepG2 human HCC cells to treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin. In summary, our findings suggest that PURPL could serve as a new therapeutic target for reversing doxorubicin resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsinat Berhane
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870Present Address: Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anja Holm
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Thystrup Karstensen
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.6203.70000 0004 0417 4147Present Address: Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Petri
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Present Address: Department of Bioinformatics, Lundbeck, Valby, Denmark
| | - Mirolyuba Simeonova Ilieva
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Krarup
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XDepartment of Molecular Diagnostics and Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mogens Vyberg
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XDepartment of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marianne Bengtson Løvendorf
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XPresent Address: Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Sakari Kauppinen
- grid.5117.20000 0001 0742 471XCenter for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Feng L, Liu W, Lv Y, Qiao B. Prognostic significance of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR in hepatocellular carcinoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29406. [PMID: 35905232 PMCID: PMC9333487 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeobox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), a long noncoding RNA, has been reported to associate with the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in several studies, however, the definite conclusion has not been obtained for conflicting results across different studies. The aim of this study is to determine the association of HOTAIR expression with overall survival, progression-free survival, and clinical features in HCC. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase will be comprehensively searched to seek the relevant studies. The studies meeting the inclusion criteria will be included into this systematic review and meta-analysis. A combination of hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval is used to estimate the impact of HOTAIR expression on the overall survival and progression-free survival in HCC. The relationship between HOTAIR expression and clinical features of HCC is evaluated using the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. The study quality is evaluated with the "risk of bias assessment" tool in Cochrane System Assessment Manual or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The subgroup analysis, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis are performed. RESULTS This study provides a strict and classic protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prognostic significance of HOTAIR expression in HCC. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis may provide a novel diagnostic indicator and potential therapeutic target of HCC. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is only a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis, and all data used in this study is acquired through published studies. Therefore, the ethical review is not needed for this study. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202230050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Peking University International Hospital, International Department, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Yunhuo Lv
- Department of Oncology, Shangrao Municipal Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Baojun Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baima Outpatient Department, Jingdong Medical District, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Baojun Qiao, Department of Gastroenterology, Baima Outpatient Department, Jingdong Medical District, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 101100, China (e-mail: , )
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11
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Suppressive Effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis Ethanolic Extract on Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Promoting Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070826. [PMID: 35890125 PMCID: PMC9351687 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Siegesbeckia orientalis (SO) has a suppressive effect on the growth and migration of endometrial and cervical cancer cells. The present study examined the effect of SO ethanolic extract (SOE) on the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and examined the effects of SOE on non-cancerous cells using HaCaT keratinocytes as a model. The SOE effectively inhibited the proliferation of Hepa1-6 (IC50 = 282.4 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50 = 344.3 μg/mL) hepatoma cells, whereas it has less cytotoxic effect on HaCaT cells (IC50 = 892.4 μg/mL). The SOE treatment increased the generation of ROS in HCC, but decreased the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. In contrast, it reduced intracellular ROS formation and upregulated the expression of the related antioxidant enzymes in the H2O2-stimulated HaCaT cells. The SOE intervention also down-regulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and the migration-related proteins including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and β-catenin in the HCC, suggesting that SOE could promote HCC apoptosis and inhibit HCC migration. On the contrary, it reduced apoptosis and promoted the migration of the keratinocytes. Additionally, the SOE treatment significantly up-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, in Hepa1-6 and HepG2 cells. Conversely, it significantly decreased the expression of these cytokines in the H2O2-induced HaCaT cells. These findings indicated that SOE treatment can delay the progression of HCC by increasing oxidative stress, promoting inflammatory response, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting their migration. It also has protective effects from pro-oxidant H2O2 in non-cancerous cells. Therefore, SOE may provide a potential treatment for liver cancer.
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12
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Wang BR, Chu DX, Cheng MY, Jin Y, Luo HG, Li N. Progress of HOTAIR-microRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:4. [PMID: 35093153 PMCID: PMC8800341 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has been identified as a tumor gene, and its expression in HCC is significantly increased. HOTAIR is associated with the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis of HCC. In addition, HOTAIR can also regulate the expression and function of microRNA by recruiting the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and competitive adsorption, thus promoting the occurrence and development of HCC. In this review, we discussed the two mechanisms of HOTAIR regulating miRNA through direct binding miRNA and indirect regulation, and emphasized the role of HOTAIR in HCC through miRNA, explained the regulatory pathway of HOTAIR-miRNA-mRNA and introduced the role of this pathway in HCC proliferation, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis.
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13
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Shafabakhsh R, Arianfar F, Vosough M, Mirzaei HR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Khanbabaei H, Kowsari H, Shojaie L, Azar MEF, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Autophagy and gastrointestinal cancers: the behind the scenes role of long non-coding RNAs in initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1229-1255. [PMID: 33432087 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise a heterogeneous group of complex disorders that affect different organs, including esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus. Recently, an explosion in nucleic acid-based technologies has led to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been found to possess unique regulatory functions. This class of RNAs is >200 nucleotides in length, and is characterized by their lack of protein coding. LncRNAs exert regulatory effects in GI cancer development by affecting different functions such as the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, apoptosis, glycolysis and angiogenesis. Over the past few decades, considerable evidence has revealed the important role of autophagy in both GI cancer progression and suppression. In addition, recent studies have confirmed a significant correlation between lncRNAs and the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we summarize how lncRNAs play a behind the scenes role in the pathogenesis of GI cancers through regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Arianfar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamed Kowsari
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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14
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DiStefano JK, Gerhard GS. Long Noncoding RNAs and Human Liver Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:1-21. [PMID: 34416820 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-115255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome, exhibit a diverse range of biological functions, and exert effects through a variety of mechanisms. The sheer number of lncRNAs in the human genome has raised important questions about their potential biological significance and roles in human health and disease. Technological and computational advances have enabled functional annotation of a large number of lncRNAs. Though the number of publications related to lncRNAs has escalated in recent years, relatively few have focused on those involved in hepatic physiology and pathology. We provide an overview of evolving lncRNA classification systems and characteristics and highlight important advances in our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs to liver disease, with a focus on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholestatic liver disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K DiStefano
- Diabetes and Fibrotic Disease Research Unit, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA;
| | - Glenn S Gerhard
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA;
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15
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Xin X, Li Q, Fang J, Zhao T. LncRNA HOTAIR: A Potential Prognostic Factor and Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:679244. [PMID: 34367966 PMCID: PMC8340021 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.679244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of gene expression and physiological processes. LncRNAs are a class of ncRNAs of 200 nucleotides in length. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), a trans-acting lncRNA with regulatory function on transcription, can repress gene expression by recruiting chromatin modifiers. HOTAIR is an oncogenic lncRNA, and numerous studies have determined that HOTAIR is highly upregulated in a wide variety of human cancers. In this review, we briefly summarize the impact of lncRNA HOTAIR expression and functions on different human solid tumors, and emphasize the potential of HOTAIR on tumor prognosis and therapy. Here, we review the recent studies that highlight the prognostic potential of HOTAIR in drug resistance and survival, and the progress of therapies developed to target HOTAIR to date. Furthermore, targeting HOTAIR results in the suppression of HOTAIR expression or function. Thus, HOTAIR knockdown exhibits great therapeutic potential in various cancers, indicating that targeting lncRNA HOTAIR may serve as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. We also propose that preclinical studies involving HOTAIR are required to provide a better understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of its expression and function in different human cancers and to explore effective methods of targeting HOTAIR and engineering efficient and targeted drug delivery methods in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Xin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qianan Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinyong Fang
- Department of Science and Education, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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16
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Ahadi A. Functional roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 8:424-437. [PMID: 34179307 PMCID: PMC8209321 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as regulators of gene expression and pivotal transcriptional regulators in cancer cells via diverse mechanisms. lncRNAs involves a variety of pathological and biological activities, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. By using microarray and RNA sequencing, it was identified that dysregulation of lncRNAs affects the tumorigenesis process. Taken together, these lncRNAs are putative biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies. In this review, I discuss the latest finding regarding the dysregulation of some important lncRNAs and their diverse mechanisms of these lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of certain cancers; also, I summarize the possible roles of lncRNAs in clinical application for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
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17
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Tang Y, Song G, Liu H, Yang S, Yu X, Shi L. Silencing of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Alleviates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Cancer via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3247-3257. [PMID: 33883938 PMCID: PMC8053715 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s265578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis and controversial treatment options. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a significant factor in the development of PC. In the current study, the possible effects of HOTAIR on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PC and the related mechanisms were investigated. Methods The PC models were induced by 10 mg/100 g dimethylbenzoanthracene (DMBA) in pancreas. Mice were injected with the HOTAIR mimic and HOTAIR shRNA to determine the role of HOTAIR in PC. Subsequently, the expression of HOTAIR in PC cells was assayed. To determine the mechanism of HOTAIR in PC, human PC cell line PANC-1, Miapaca-2 and human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line HPDE6-C7 were transfected with the HOTAIR mimic, the shRNA against HOTAIR, the Wnt/b-catenin activator (LiCl), and the Wnt/b-catenin inhibitor (XAV939), respectively. Moreover, the expressions of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related genes (β-catenin, cyclinD1, c-myc, LEF-1 and c-Jun) and the levels of the EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin) were determined. Finally, the cell biological processes were evaluated by functional experiments. Results HOTAIR was found to be highly expressed in the PC cells in mice. The expression of β-catenin, cyclinD1, c-myc, LEF-1 and c-Jun, N-cadherin and Vimentin was found to be decreased, while the expression of E-cadherin was found to be increased subsequent to the silencing of HOTAIR in human PC cell lines PANC-1 and Miapaca-2. Additionally, it was observed that the silencing of HOTAIR could inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to alleviate EMT of tumor cells and inhibit the capacities of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion The key finding of the present study is that the silencing of HOTAIR could potentially inhibit EMT and growth of PC through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, providing a novel therapy for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating miR-526b-3p/DHX33 axis. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:857-868. [PMID: 33843021 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common human cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in progression of various cancers, including HCC. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the exact role and underlying mechanism of lncRNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in HCC. METHODS Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to determine the levels of HOTAIR, DEAH-box helicase 33 (DHX33) and miR-526b-3p. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein level of DHX33. Besides, cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. The interaction between miR-526b-3p and HOTAIR or DHX33 was predicted by starbase and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established through injecting Huh7 cells transfected with sh-NC or sh-HOTAIR. RESULTS The levels of HOTAIR and DHX33 were increased in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of either HOTAIR or DHX33 suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion but increased apoptosis in HCC cells. Moreover, DHX33 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of HOTAIR knockdown on progression of HCC cells. Interestingly, miR-526b-3p could directly bind to HOTAIR, and DHX33 was a direct target of miR-526b-3p. Additionally, interference of HOTAIR restrained the tumor growth by upregulating miR-526b-3p and downregulating DHX33 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS HOTAIR knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis via regulating miR-526b-3p/DHX33 axis in HCC cells, providing a potential avenue for treatment of HCC.
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LncRNA HOTAIR modulates hepatitis B virus transcription and replication by enhancing SP1 transcription factor. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:3007-3022. [PMID: 33103728 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global public health problem. Nearly 257 million people worldwide have been infected with HBV, resulting in 887,000 people dying of cirrhosis or liver cancer caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) annually. Therefore, identification of new targets against HBV is urgently needed. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) have gained widespread attention in recent years due to their function in cancer, inflammation and other diseases. Notably, a growing number of lncRNAs have been found to play a role in HBV development. In the present study, we first identified a famous lncRNA, HOTAIR, which was significantly up-regulated in HBV-infected cells and PBMCs from CHB patients. Furthermore, we evaluated the clinical relevance of HOTAIR in 20 CHB patients and found that higher levels of HOTAIR expression were associated with higher ALT/AST levels and were positively correlated with HBsAg and HBV DNA levels. In addition, functional analysis showed that HOTAIR promoted HBV transcription and replication by elevating the activities of HBV promoters via modulation of the levels of cccDNA-bound SP1. In conclusion, our study reveals that HOTAIR expression is correlated with the clinicopathological and physiological characteristics of HBV. Thus, HOTAIR may serve as a novel HBV diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker based on its ability to facilitate HBV transcription and replication.
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Zha W, Guo B, Chen S, Lu J, Shan Y. Role of the long non-coding RNA HOTAIR/miR-126 axis in an in vitro psoriasis model. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:450. [PMID: 33747185 PMCID: PMC7967857 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by excessive keratinocyte proliferation and persistent skin inflammation. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in a number of inflammatory conditions. In the present study, an in vitro psoriasis cell model was established. Human HaCaT keratinocytes were activated using the inflammatory factor IL-22. Briefly, HaCaT cells were starved in serum-free DMEM for 24 h and then stimulated with 100 ng/ml IL-22 in serum-free DMEM for 24 h. Previous research indicated that HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) may participate in the development of psoriasis. First, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis was performed to detect HOTAIR expression. The results indicated that HOTAIR expression was reduced in IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cells. Subsequently, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the binding site between HOTAIR and microRNA (miR)-126. The RT-qPCR results indicated that miR-126 expression was increased in IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cells. Moreover, the effects of HOTAIR and miR-126 on IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. HaCaT cells were transfected with control-plasmid, HOTAIR-plasmid, HOTAIR-plasmid + mimic control or HOTAIR-plasmid + miR-126 mimic for 24 h. At 24 h post-transfection, the cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml IL-22 for 24 h and experiments were conducted. IL-22 induced cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis. However, HOTAIR-plasmid inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cells. In addition, the western blotting results indicated that HOTAIR-plasmid increased cleaved caspase-3 expression and the cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio, whereas the HOTAIR-plasmid-mediated effects were reversed by miR-126 mimic. Collectively, the results of the present study demonstrated that the lncRNA-HOTAIR/miR-126 axis may be implicated in the regulation of psoriasis progression and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zha
- Department of Dermatology, Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Tongxiang Dermatosis Prevention Institute, Tongxiang, Zhejiang 314500, P.R. China
| | - Shuyue Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Lu
- Department of Acupuncture, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Shan
- Department of Dermatology, Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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21
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Chen L, Qian X, Wang Z, Zhou X. The HOTAIR lncRNA: A remarkable oncogenic promoter in human cancer metastasis. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:302. [PMID: 33732378 PMCID: PMC7905531 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a new type of non-coding RNA that has an important regulatory influence on several human diseases, including cancer metastasis. HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), a newly discovered lncRNA, has an important effect on tumour proliferation, migration and metastasis. HOTAIR regulates cell proliferation, changes gene expression, and promotes tumour cell invasion and migration. However, its molecular mechanism of action remains unknown. The present review summarizes the molecular mechanism and role of HOTAIR in tumour invasion and metastasis, discusses the association between HOTAIR and tumour metastasis through different pathways, such as the transforming growth factor β, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/MAPK and vascular endothelial growth factor pathways, emphasizes the function of HOTAIR in human malignant tumour metastasis and provides a foundation for its application in the diagnosis, prognosis and medical treatment of various tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xinle Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiqiu Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Sukowati CHC, Cabral LKD, Tiribelli C, Pascut D. Circulating Long and Circular Noncoding RNA as Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tools of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:90. [PMID: 33477833 PMCID: PMC7832835 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide, partially due to late diagnosis of the disease. Growing evidence in the field of biomarker discovery has shown the promising use of nucleic acid in the early detection of many cancers, including HCC. Here, we review data on how various long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) could be used as a diagnostic tool for HCC being differentially expressed in HCC compared to non-HCC patients. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) showed high stability in the blood being present as free-circulating molecules or encapsulated into exosomes. This review reports some recent evidence on the use of lncRNAs and circRNAs as possible diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. Further, their pathophysiological mechanism in liver carcinogenesis was also described, elucidating the complex regulatory networks making these ncRNAs of particular relevance for the study of liver malignancy cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caecilia H. C. Sukowati
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza, SS14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.H.C.S.); (L.K.D.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Loraine Kay D. Cabral
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza, SS14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.H.C.S.); (L.K.D.C.); (C.T.)
- Doctoral School in Molecular Biomedicine, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza, SS14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.H.C.S.); (L.K.D.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Devis Pascut
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza, SS14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.H.C.S.); (L.K.D.C.); (C.T.)
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miRNA-141 and its target long non-coding RNA HOTAIR as diagnostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma on top of hepatitis C virus. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Critical role of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in gliomas. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1525-1546. [PMID: 32978667 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, gliomas are associated with high morbidity and mortality, mainly attributed to the rapid growth rate, excessive invasiveness, and molecular heterogeneity, as well as regenerative potential of cancer stem cells. Therefore, elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms and the identification of potential molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are of paramount importance. HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a well-studied long noncoding RNA, playing an emerging role in tumorigenesis of several human cancers. A growing amount of preclinical and clinical evidence highlights the pro-oncogenic role of HOTAIR in gliomas, mainly attributed to the enhancement of proliferation and migration, as well as inhibition of apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that HOTAIR modulates the activity of specific transcription factors, such as MXI1, E2F1, ATF5, and ASCL1, and regulates the expression of cell cycle-associated genes along with related signaling pathways, like the Wnt/β-catenin axis. Moreover, it can interact with specific miRNAs, including miR-326, miR-141, miR-148b-3p, miR-15b, and miR-126-5p. Of importance, HOTAIR has been demonstrated to enhance angiogenesis and affect the permeability of the blood-tumor barrier, thus modulating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we provide evidence on the functional role of HOTAIR in gliomas and discuss the benefits of its targeting as a novel approach toward glioma treatment.
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Long Non-Coding RNAs in Liver Cancer and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6030034. [PMID: 32872482 PMCID: PMC7549373 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to highlight the recent findings of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in liver disease. In particular, we focus on the functions of lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We summarize the current research trend in lncRNAs and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC and NASH.
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Song Q, Zhang H, He J, Kong H, Tao R, Huang Y, Yu H, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Wei L, Liu C, Wang L, Ning Q, Huang J. Long non-coding RNA LINC00473 acts as a microRNA-29a-3p sponge to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development by activating Robo1-dependent PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920937890. [PMID: 32922520 PMCID: PMC7457704 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920937890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs have suppressive or oncogenic effects in various types
of cancers by serving as competing endogenous RNAs for specific microRNAs.
In the present study, we aim to delineate the underlying mechanism by which
the LINC00473/miR-29a-3p/Robo1 axis affects cell proliferation, migration,
invasion, and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The level of Robo1 was examined in HCC tissues and cells, along with its
regulatory effects on proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells.
Afterwards, the possible involvement of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
was determined. Next, miR-29a-3p expression was overexpressed or inhibited
to investigate its regulatory role on HCC cell activities. The interaction
among miR-29a-3p, Robo1, and LINC00473 was further characterized. Finally, a
xenograft tumor in nude mice was conducted to measure tumorigenesis and
metastasis in vivo. Results: miR-29a-3p was downregulated while Robo1 was upregulated in HCC tissues and
cells. miR-29a-3p targeted Robo1 and negatively regulated its expression. In
response to miR-29a-3p overexpression, Robo1 silencing or LINC00473
silencing, HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor progression,
and metastasis were impeded, which was involved with the inactivation of the
PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Notably, LINC00473 could competitively bind
to miR-29a-3p to upregulate Robo1 expression. Conclusion: LINC00473 might be involved in HCC progression by acting as a miR-29a-3p
sponge to upregulate the expression of Robo1 that activates the
PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which leads to enhanced cell proliferation,
migration, invasion, tumor progression, and metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqin Song
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jinan He
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Kong
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Haijing Yu
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Organ Transplant, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Likui Wang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- Department and Institute of Infection Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, No. 1095 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, P. R. China
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Li C, Yang J, Liu C, Wang X, Zhang L. Long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Ordering of the complicated lncRNA regulatory network and novel strategies for HCC clinical diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Long Noncoding RNAs Coregulated by Annexin A7 and JNK in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Identified by Whole-Genome Expression Profiling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5747923. [PMID: 32775428 PMCID: PMC7399738 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5747923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Knockdown of Annexin A7 (ANXA7) or C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and lymphatic adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, suggesting that ANXA7 and JNK signaling pathways contribute to HCC growth and lymph node metastasis (LNM). While the intervening molecular pathways are largely unknown, emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in ANXA7 and JNK signaling. To identify potential therapeutic targets for HCC, we screened for lncRNAs differentially expressed among Hca-P cells stably expressing shRNA-ANXA7, shRNA-JNK, or control-shRNA. RNA sequencing identified 216 lncRNAs differentially expressed between shRNA-ANXA7 and control-shRNA cells, of which 101 were downregulated and 115 upregulated, as well as 436 lncRNAs differentially expressed between shRNA-JNK and control-shRNA cells, of which 236 were downregulated and 200 upregulated. Fifty-six lncRNAs were differentially expressed under both ANXA7 and JNK knockdown. We selected 4 of these for verification based on putative involvement in cancer regulation according to GO and KEEG analyses of target genes. Knockdown of ANXA7 or JNK suppressed expression of NONMMUT012084.2, NONMMUT024756.2, and ENSMUST00000130486, and enhanced expression of ENSMUST00000197932. These lncRNAs are intriguing candidate targets for mechanistic analysis of HCC progression and therapeutic intervention.
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Chen QF, Shi F, Huang T, Huang C, Shen L, Wu P, Li W. ASTN1 is associated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma, and inhibits the migratory and invasive capacity of liver cancer via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1425-1440. [PMID: 32945491 PMCID: PMC7448461 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrotactin 1 (ASTN1) is known to serve a physiological role in neuronal migration; however its role in liver cancer remains to be determined. In the present study, ASTN1 levels were lower in liver cancer tissues compared with those in matching normal tissue. ASTN1 levels were negatively associated with microscopic vascular invasion, advanced clinical stage and a less favorable prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, ASTN1 overexpression in a liver cancer cell line reduced the migratory and invasive capacity of the cells. Based on bioinformatics analysis, ASTN1 levels were negatively associated with the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, ASTN1 downregulated the protein expression levels of β-catenin, T-cell factor (TCF)1, TCF4, Jun proto-oncogene (C-jun), Myc proto-oncogene (C-myc), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels, indicative of suppression of Wnt signaling. Furthermore, XAV939-induced Wnt signaling suppression reversed the ASTN1-mediated inhibition of invasion and migration in cells. Overexpression of ASTN1 in xenografts reduced cancer development as well as Wnt signaling. TIMER analysis showed that ASTN1 expression was negatively correlated with B cell, macrophage and neutrophil infiltrating levels in HCC. Together, the results of the present study showed that ASTN1 reduced the migratory and invasive capacity of liver cancer cells, potentially served as a candidate biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of HCC, and was associated with immune infiltration. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action of ASTN1 may facilitate the development of novel strategies for prevention and treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Lujun Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Shengnan J, Dafei X, Hua J, Sunfu F, Xiaowei W, Liang X. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge miR-206 to promote colorectal cancer progression by activating CCL2. J Cancer 2020; 11:4431-4441. [PMID: 32489462 PMCID: PMC7255378 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant tumors, the incidence of which is on rise. LncHOTAIR, considered as an oncogene, contributed to the progression of a lot of cancers. However, the molecular mechanism and biological functions of the HOTAIR/miR-206/CCL2 axis have not been reported before. Here, our research aimed to explore HOTAIR/miR-206/CCL2 axis in CRC to demonstrate its role in predicting the poor prognosis of CRC. LncHOTAIR, miR-206 and CCL2 mRNA were detected in CRC tissues and cells by RT-PCR. The interactions among LncHOTAIR, miR-206 and CCL2 were explored by luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, western blot and RNA interfere. Flow Cytometry Cell Analysis was performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis as well as colony assay was prepared to test the cell proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the CCL2 protein in CRC tissues. In our study, silence of LncHOTAIR by RNA interference could suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, LncHOTAIR downregulated miR-206 abundance which indicated that LncHOTAIR was considered as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by directly sponging miR-206 in CRC cells. In addition, further exploration suggested that miR-206 could inhibit the function of the downstream CCL2, the expression of which was repressed by LncHOTAIR/miR-206 signaling. Furthermore, we verified that the overexpression of CCL2 attenuated CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion. Overall, this study firstly elucidated that LncHOTAIR played as oncogene in CRC via directly sponging miR-206 to activate the downstream CCL2, which would be considered as the novel therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xie Dafei
- Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Jin Hua
- Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Fan Sunfu
- Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | | | - Xu Liang
- Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
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Gao Y, Gu J, Wang Y, Fu D, Zhang W, Zheng G, Wang X. Hepatitis B virus X protein boosts hepatocellular carcinoma progression by downregulating microRNA-137. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152981. [PMID: 32527447 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent diagnosed malignancy. microRNAs (miRs) are involved in various cellular processes during cancer development. This study attempted to probe the miR-based mechanism in hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) small interfering RNA (siRNA)-treated HCC cells. METHODS HBx expression in hepatocyte and HCC cells was detected, and cells with highest HBx expression were screened out and transfected with HBx-siRNAs. Then the effect of HBx on HCC cell proliferation was detected. miRs differentially expressed in HBx-siRNA-transfected MHCC97H cells were analyzed and verified. miR-137 methylation was analyzed by bioinformatics, and miR-137 restoration was detected after Aza treatment. Furthermore, miR-137 methylation in MHCC97H cells with HBx knockdown or HBx overexpression was detected by methylation specific PCR. The targeting relationship between miR-137 and Notch1 was verified. Then the gain-and-loss functions of miR-137 or/and Notch1 were performed to estimate their roles in HCC cell proliferation. The effects of HBx-siRNA and overexpressed miR-137 in vivo were observed by tumor xenograft in nude mice and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HBx-siRNA weakened MHCC97H cell proliferation and tumor growth. miR-137 was highly expressed in HBx-siRNA-treated HCC cells and targeted Notch1. HBx knockdown decreased miR-137 methylation and restored miR-137 expression. miR-137 overexpression prevented HCC cell proliferation and tumor growth, while miR-137 downregulation reversed the repressing effects of HBx-siRNA on HCC cell proliferation. Inhibition of Notch1 reversed HCC cell proliferation induced by miR-137 downregulation. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-137 blocks HCC cell proliferation in HBx-siRNA-treated MHCC97H cells by targeting Notch1. This study may offer novel target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuyang Second People's Hospital, Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236015, Anhui, PR China
| | - Juan Gu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, PR China; Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yueping Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, PR China; Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Biology, College of Arts & Science, Massachusetts University, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Decai Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, PR China
| | - Guofu Zheng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, PR China; Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, PR China.
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LncRNAs Act as a Link between Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082883. [PMID: 32326098 PMCID: PMC7216144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important contributors to the biological processes underlying the pathophysiology of various human diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the involvement of these molecules in chronic liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and viral hepatitis, has only recently been considered in scientific research. While extensive studies on the pathogenesis of the development of HCC from hepatic fibrosis have been conducted, their regulatory molecular mechanisms are still only partially understood. The underlying mechanisms related to lncRNAs leading to HCC from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis have not yet been entirely elucidated. Therefore, elucidating the functional roles of lncRNAs in chronic liver disease and HCC can contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms, and may help in developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC, as well as in preventing the progression of chronic liver disease to HCC. Here, we comprehensively review and briefly summarize some lncRNAs that participate in both hepatic fibrosis and HCC.
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Roshdy F, Farag MMS, El-Ahwany E, Mahmode O, Mousa AA, El Talkawy M, Essawy F. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and HOTTIP as potential biomarkers for hepatitis C virus genotype 4-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) homeobox (Hox) transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) have been suggested to be implicated in liver cancer tumorigenesis and progression; however, little is known about the role of the plasma HOTAIR and HOTTIP in liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The current study aimed at measuring the plasma levels of long non-coding RNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) expression in chronic liver disease (CLD) due to HCV genotype 4 infection with/without cirrhosis and HCC patients in an attempt to evaluate the potential benefits of these new circulating as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and a novel therapeutic strategy for liver cirrhosis and carcinogenesis of Egyptian patients. Hundred subjects were included in this study, divided into two groups; group I (50 patients) were classified into subgroup Ia (CLD without cirrhosis, n = 25) and subgroup Ib (CLD with cirrhosis, n = 25), group II (CLD patients with HCC, n = 25), and control (healthy volunteer, n = 25). The expression of lncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) genes was analyzed by real-time PCR.
Results
LncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) showed upregulation in all diseased groups, which was in consistent with the progression of the disease toward the HCC stage. In addition, HOTAIR and HOTTIP showed a diagnostic ability to discriminate between cases of cirrhosis and HCC compared with healthy control (p < 0.001), while HOTAIR and HOTTIP did not show a discrimination significant differences between cirrhotic cases and non-cirrhotic cases. By using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, it was found that LncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) could diagnose liver cancer with 64.0% sensitivity and 86.0% specificity and 48.0% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity. Furthermore, both genes can be considered as the predictor and prognostic parameters for cirrhosis (OR = 1.111, p = 0.05) and (OR = 1.07, p = 0.05) respectively, and HCC (OR = 1.047, p = 0.01) and (OR = 1.05, p = 0.003). The increased HOTAIR and HOTTIP expression were associated with advanced tumor stages and higher grades.
Conclusion
These results strongly prompt us that HOTAIR and HOTTIP genes can be used as non-invasive prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for HCV genotype 4-induced HCC.
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Jiang S, Liu Y, Xu B, Zhang Y, Yang M. Noncoding RNAs: New regulatory code in chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 11:e1584. [PMID: 31925936 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a bone and joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation. In the face of global trends of population aging, OA is expected to become the fourth most common disabling disease by 2020. Nevertheless, the detailed pathogenesis of OA has not yet been elucidated. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, do not encode proteins but have recently emerged as important regulators of apoptosis and autophagy of chondrocytes, thereby highlighting a potential role in chondrocyte injury leading to OA onset and progression. We here review recent findings on these regulatory roles of ncRNAs to provide new directions for research on the pathogenesis of OA and offer new therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bilian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Operating Room, Tianjin Binhai New Area Tanggu Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shenzhen Ritzcon Biological Technology Co., LTD, Shenzhen, China
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35
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Zhang H, Chen X, Zhang J, Wang X, Chen H, Liu L, Liu S. Long non‑coding RNAs in HBV‑related hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 56:18-32. [PMID: 31746420 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‑related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health problem that accounts for more than half of total liver cancer cases in developing countries. Despite the growing number of researches conducted, the molecular mechanism underlying the development of HCC remains elusive. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are non‑coding RNAs >200 nt in length that were previously considered to be transcriptional noise, have been found to be dysregulated in HBV‑related HCC with the help of high‑throughput omics techniques. Subsequent investigations revealed that aberrant expression of lncRNAs may affect the risk of HBV‑related HCC through diverse mechanisms, including epigenetic silencing of transcriptional activation, alternative splicing, molecular sponging, modulating protein stability, and by serving as precursors of miRNAs. Although the sensitivity and specificity of lncRNAs must be further validated, a number of circulating lncRNAs have been identified as useful biomarkers for HBV‑related HCC. In addition to these findings, recent studies also unveiled that certain genetic polymorphisms in lncRNAs may affect the occurrence and prognosis of HBV‑related HCC. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying the involvement of lncRNAs in HBV‑related HCC. Subsequently, lncRNAs found to be dysregulated in HBV‑related HCC were focused on and current findings on circulating lncRNAs and their genetic polymorphisms were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Xuebing Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Shanling Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
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Chow EYC, Zhang J, Qin H, Chan TF. Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Using a Fractionation-Then-Sequencing Approach Reveals Nuclear-Enriched HCC-Associated lncRNAs. Front Genet 2019; 10:1081. [PMID: 31781161 PMCID: PMC6857473 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advances in sequencing technologies have greatly improved our understanding of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). These transcripts with lengths of >200 nucleotides may play significant regulatory roles in various biological processes. Importantly, the dysregulation of better characterized lncRNAs has been associated with multiple types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are many studies on altered lncRNA expression levels, very few, however, have focused on their subcellular localizations, from which accumulating evidences have indicated their close relationships to lncRNA functions. A transcriptome-wide investigation of the subcellular distributions of lncRNAs might thus provide new insights into their roles and functions in cancers. Results: In this study, we subjected eight patient-derived HCC cell lines to subcellular fractionation and independently sequenced RNAs from the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. With the integration of tumor and tumor-adjacent RNA-seq datasets of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), de novo transcriptome assembly and differential expression analysis were conducted successively and identified 26 nuclear-enriched HCC-associated lncRNAs shared between the HCC samples and the TCGA datasets, including the reported cancer driver PXN-AS1. The majority of nuclear-enriched HCC-associated lncRNAs were associated with the survival outcomes of HCC patients, exhibited characteristics similar to those of many experimentally supported HCC prognostic lncRNAs, and were co-expressed with protein-coding genes that have been linked to disease progression in various cancer types. Conclusion: We adopted a fractionation-then-sequencing approach on multiple patient-derived HCC samples and identified nuclear-enriched, HCC-associated lncRNAs that could serve as important targets for HCC diagnosis and therapeutic development. This approach could be widely applicable to other studies into the disease etiologies of lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hao Qin
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Chi Y, Wang D, Wang J, Yu W, Yang J. Long Non-Coding RNA in the Pathogenesis of Cancers. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091015. [PMID: 31480503 PMCID: PMC6770362 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of cancer has been quickly increasing in the past decades. At present, cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Most of the cancers cannot be effectively diagnosed at the early stage. Although there are multiple therapeutic treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drugs, their effectiveness is still limited. The overall survival rate of malignant cancers is still low. It is necessary to further study the mechanisms for malignant cancers, and explore new biomarkers and targets that are more sensitive and effective for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancers than traditional biomarkers and methods. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts with a length greater than 200 nucleotides. Generally, lncRNAs are not capable of encoding proteins or peptides. LncRNAs exert diverse biological functions by regulating gene expressions and functions at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. In the past decade, it has been demonstrated that the dysregulated lncRNA profile is widely involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, lncRNAs have been revealed to play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Many lncRNAs have been shown to be potential biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. This review aims to briefly discuss the latest findings regarding the roles and mechanisms of some important lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of certain malignant cancers, including lung, breast, liver, and colorectal cancers, as well as hematological malignancies and neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Chi
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Junpei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Beijing 100191, China.
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HOTAIR as a Prognostic Predictor for Diverse Human Cancers: A Meta- and Bioinformatics Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060778. [PMID: 31195674 PMCID: PMC6628152 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that upregulated expression of the long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is a negative predictive biomarker for numerous cancers. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to further investigate the prognostic value of HOTAIR expression in diverse human cancers. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted in order to select scientific studies relevant to the association between HOTAIR expression and clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS)/disease-free survival (DFS), and progression-free survival (PFS)/metastasis-free survival (MFS) of cancer patients. Collectively, 53 eligible studies including a total of 4873 patients were enrolled in the current meta-analysis. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship between HOTAIR and cancer patients’ survival. Elevated HOTAIR expression was found to be significantly associated with OS, RFS/DFS and PFS/MFS in diverse types of cancers. These findings were also corroborated by the results of bioinformatics analysis on overall survival. Therefore, based on our findings, HOTAIR could serve as a potential biomarker for the prediction of cancer patient survival in many different types of human cancers.
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Abstract
Biomarker-driven personalized cancer therapy is a field of growing interest, and several molecular tests have been developed to detect biomarkers that predict, e.g., response of cancers to particular therapies. Identification of these molecules and understanding their molecular mechanisms is important for cancer prognosis and the development of therapeutics for late stage diseases. In the past, significant efforts have been placed on the discovery of protein or DNA-based biomarkers while only recently the class of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has emerged as a new category of biomarker. The mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed yielding a vast amount of non-protein-coding RNAs including lncRNAs. Hence, these transcripts represent a rich source of information that has the potential to significantly contribute to precision medicine in the future. Importantly, many lncRNAs are differentially expressed in carcinomas and they are emerging as potent regulators of tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we will highlight prime examples of lncRNAs that serve as marker for cancer progression or therapy response and which might represent promising therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we will introduce lncRNA targeting tools and strategies, and we will discuss potential pitfalls in translating these into clinical trials.
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40
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Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu T, Tian W, Yang C, Wang X, Zhong S, Ran Q, Yang H, Zhu S. Clinical Value of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR as a Novel Biomarker in Digestive Cancers: A Meta-Analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533034618756783. [PMID: 29444619 PMCID: PMC5818090 DOI: 10.1177/1533034618756783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA has been reported to serve as an important prognostic biomarker in several types of cancers. However, the clinical value of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA in digestive cancers remains unclear. Therefore, we tried to investigate the clinical role of expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA as a prognostic indicator in digestive cancers by a meta-analysis. Literature collection was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases (up to October 7, 2017). A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted to assess the eligible articles on the prognostic value of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA in digestive cancers. The pooled hazard ratios or odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the association between expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA and clinical outcomes. A total of 1844 patients from 22 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results found a significant association between expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA and poor overall survival in digestive cancers (pooled hazard ratio = 2.19, 95% confidence interval, 1.86-2.57, P < .001). Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that tumor type, region, Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and sample size did not alter the predictive value of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA as an independent factor for patients’ survival. In addition, we also revealed that the clinicopathological characteristics such as differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and distant metastasis were positively related to expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA digestive cancers. In conclusion, our results suggested high expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA was correlated with poor clinical outcomes and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for patients with digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- 1 Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- 3 Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian Xu
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Tian
- 1 Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chong Yang
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Ran
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongji Yang
- 1 Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shikai Zhu
- 2 Organ Transplant Center, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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41
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Chen S, Liu Z, Lu S, Hu B. EPEL promotes the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by upregulating ROCK1. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3133-3140. [PMID: 30867743 PMCID: PMC6396117 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F-mediated cell proliferation enhancing long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) (EPEL) is a newly identified lncRNA involved in the regulation of lung cancer cell proliferation. However, its association with other types of cancer is unknown. The present study recruited patients with osteosarcoma and healthy controls. Tumor and adjacent healthy tissues were obtained from patients with osteosarcoma, and whole blood was extracted from patients and healthy controls. The expression levels of EPEL in tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic value of serum EPEL for osteosarcoma was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The association between serum levels of EPEL and basic clinical patient information was analyzed by χ2 test. Subsequently, EPEL overexpression in osteosarcoma cell lines was established, and its effects on cell migration and invasion were explored by Transwell assay. The implications of EPEL overexpression on Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) expression were investigated by western blotting. The results revealed that EPEL was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent tissues. In addition, serum levels of EPEL were higher in patients with osteosarcoma compared with healthy controls, and were positively associated with distant tumor metastasis. Furthermore, EPEL overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and induced overexpression of ROCK1. In conclusion, these results suggested that EPEL may promote the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by upregulating ROCK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunguang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Biao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
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42
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Dinescu S, Ignat S, Lazar AD, Constantin C, Neagu M, Costache M. Epitranscriptomic Signatures in lncRNAs and Their Possible Roles in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010052. [PMID: 30654440 PMCID: PMC6356509 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the amazing exponential growth in knowledge related to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in cell homeostasis or dysregulated pathological states, little is known so far about the links between the chemical modifications occurring in lncRNAs and their function. Generally, ncRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, but RNA modifications occurring in lncRNAs generate an additional layer of gene expression control. Chemical modifications that have been reported in correlation with lncRNAs include m⁶A, m⁵C and pseudouridylation. Up to date, several chemically modified long non-coding transcripts have been identified and associated with different pathologies, including cancers. This review presents the current level of knowledge on the most studied cancer-related lncRNAs, such as the metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), the Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), or the X-inactive specific transcript (XIST), as well as more recently discovered forms, and their potential roles in different types of cancer. Understanding how these RNA modifications occur, and the correlation between lncRNA changes in structure and function, may open up new therapeutic possibilities in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Simona Ignat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andreea Daniela Lazar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
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Gaballa JM, Braga Neto MB, Ramos GP, Bamidele AO, Gonzalez MM, Sagstetter MR, Sarmento OF, Faubion WA. The Role of Histone Methyltransferases and Long Non-coding RNAs in the Regulation of T Cell Fate Decisions. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2955. [PMID: 30619315 PMCID: PMC6300512 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell lineage decisions are critical for the development of proper immune responses to pathogens as well as important for the resolution of inflammatory responses. This differentiation process relies on a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors converging upon epigenetic regulation of transcriptional networks relevant to specific T cell lineages. As these biochemical modifications represent therapeutic opportunities in cancer biology and autoimmunity, implications of writers and readers of epigenetic marks to immune cell differentiation and function are highly relevant. Given the ready adoption of histone methyltransferase inhibitors in the clinic, we focus this review on the role of three histone modifying complexes: PRC-1, PRC-2, and G9A in modulating T cell fate decisions. Furthermore, we explore the role of long non-coding RNAs in regulating these processes, and discuss recent advances and challenges of implementing epigenetic therapies into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Gaballa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Adebowale O Bamidele
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Michelle M Gonzalez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mary R Sagstetter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Olga F Sarmento
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - William A Faubion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Lin YH, Wu MH, Huang YH, Yeh CT, Chi HC, Tsai CY, Chuang WY, Yu CJ, Chung IH, Chen CY, Lin KH. Thyroid hormone negatively regulates tumorigenesis through suppression of BC200. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:967-979. [PMID: 30400024 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (T3) and its receptor (TR) are involved in cancer progression. While deregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression has been detected in many tumor types, the mechanisms underlying specific involvement of lncRNAs in tumorigenicity remain unclear. Experiments from the current study revealed negative regulation of BC200 expression by T3/TR. BC200 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and effective as an independent prognostic marker. BC200 promoted cell growth and tumor sphere formation, which was mediated via regulation of cell cycle-related genes and stemness markers. Moreover, BC200 protected cyclin E2 mRNA from degradation. Cell growth ability was repressed by T3, but partially enhanced upon BC200 overexpression. Mechanistically, BC200 directly interacted with cyclin E2 and promoted CDK2-cyclin E2 complex formation. Upregulation of cell cycle-related genes in hepatoma samples was positively correlated with BC200 expression. Our collective findings support the utility of a potential therapeutic strategy involving targeting of BC200 for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Huang
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Tsai
- Kidney Research Center and Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiao Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cheng D, Deng J, Zhang B, He X, Meng Z, Li G, Ye H, Zheng S, Wei L, Deng X, Chen R, Zhou J. LncRNA HOTAIR epigenetically suppresses miR-122 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma via DNA methylation. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:159-170. [PMID: 30195653 PMCID: PMC6197532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-122 (miR-122), a pivotal liver-specific miRNA, is frequently repressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated with poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR has been proved to function as an oncogene in multiple cancers including HCC. However, the relationship between HOTAIR and miR-122 in HCC remains largely unknown. Methods We investigated the function of HOTAIR and miR-122 in HCC cell models and a xenograft mouse model. The regulatory network between HOTAIR and miR-122 was further detected following overexpression or knockdown of HOTAIR. DNA methylation status of miR-122 promoter region, as well as expression levels of DNMTs, EZH2 and Cyclin G1 were analyzed. Findings In this study, we found that HOTAIR was highly expressed whereas miR-122 was suppressed in HCC, and HOTAIR negatively regulated miR-122 expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, knockdown of HOTAIR dramatically inhibited HCC cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in vitro and suppressed tumorigenicity in vivo by upregulating miR-122 expression. Mechanistically, a CpG island was located in the miR-122 promoter region. HOTAIR epigenetically suppressed miR-122 expression via DNMTs-mediated DNA methylation. Moreover, HOTAIR upregulated DNMTs expression via EZH2. In addition, suppression of miR-122 induced by HOTAIR directly reactivated oncogene Cyclin G1 expression. Collectively, our results suggest that HOTAIR epigenetically suppresses miR-122 expression via DNA methylation, leading to activation of Cyclin G1 and promotion of tumorigenicity in HCC, which provide new insight into the mechanism of HOTAIR-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis via suppressing miR-122. HOTAIR is highly expressed in HCC, and negatively regulates miR-122 expression in HCC cells. HOTAIR increased HCC cell proliferation and tumor growth through downregulating miR-122 expression. HOTAIR epigenetically suppressed miR-122 expression via DNMTs-mediated DNA methylation. HOTAIR upregulated DNMTs expression via EZH2. HOTAIR increased cyclin G1 expression through repressing miR-122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Junge Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou 510663, PR China
| | - Zhe Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Guolin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Huilin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Shangyou Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Lusheng Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Xiaogeng Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Rufu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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Abbastabar M, Sarfi M, Golestani A, Khalili E. lncRNA involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and prognosis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:900-913. [PMID: 30564069 PMCID: PMC6295623 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic lncRNAs are RNA molecules defined to be greater than 200 bp in length that are not translated to a protein and operate through several mechanisms, including participating in chromatin remodeling and methylation, influencing the integrity and stability of proteins and complexes, or acting as a sponge for miRNA inhibition. A number of recent studies have concentrated on the relationship between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent histological type of liver tumors, accounting for about 80 % of the cases worldwide. Lack of proper molecular markers for diagnosis of HCC and treatment evaluation is a significant problem. Dysregulated expression of HCC-related lncRNAs such as MEG-3, MALAT1, HULC, HOTAIR, and H19 have been identified and closely related with tumorigenesis, metastasis, prognosis and diagnosis. In this review, we summarized recent highlighted functions and molecular mechanisms of the most extensively studied lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential for serving as probable therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abbastabar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Ehsan Khalili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Peng L, Yuan XQ, Zhang CY, Peng JY, Zhang YQ, Pan X, Li GC. The emergence of long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. J Cancer 2018; 9:2549-2558. [PMID: 30026854 PMCID: PMC6036883 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for roughly 90% of all primary liver neoplasms is the sixth most frequent neoplasm and the second prominent reason of tumor fatality worldwide. As regulators of diverse biological processes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in onset and development of neoplasms. With the continuous booming of well-featured lncRNAs in HCC from 2016 to now, we reviewed the newly-presented comprehension about the relationship between lncRNAs and HCC in this study. To be specific, we summarized the overview function and study tools of lncRNAs, elaborated the roles of lncRNAs in HCC, and sketched the molecule mechanisms of lncRNAs in HCC. In addition, the application of lncRNAs serving as biomarkers in early diagnosis and outcome prediction of HCC patients was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Yun Peng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, the third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
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Yang T, He X, Chen A, Tan K, Du X. LncRNA HOTAIR contributes to the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via sponging miR-23b-3p from ZEB1. Gene 2018; 670:114-122. [PMID: 29778425 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer around the world, along with high mortality and metastasis rate. Our present study aimed to explore the role of LncRNA HOTAIR in the progression of HCC. Our data showed that HOTAIR was overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines (Huh7, Hep3B, HepG2, MHCC97H). Overexpressed HOTAIR promoted invasion and migration of HCC cells (Huh7) by enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Besides that, miR-23b-3p was predicted to be a target of HOTAIR and decreased expression of miR-23b-3p was observed in HCC tissues and cell lines. The up-regulation of HOTAIR strongly decreased the expression of miR-23b-3p. The further luciferase report confirmed the targeting reaction between HOTAIR and miR-23b-3p, suggesting that the expression of miR-23b-3p was negatively regulated by HOTAIR. Moreover, the zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) protein was predicted to be a target of miR-23b-3p. The expression of ZEB1 was negatively regulated by miR-23b-3p while positively regulated by HOTAIR. Besides that, transfection with miR-23b-3p mimic counteracted the promoting effects of HOTAIR on invasion, migration and EMT of HCC cells. Our in vitro experiments suggested that HOTAIR promoted invasion and migration of HCC cells through enhancing EMT via sponging miR-23b-3p from ZEB1. Finally, the in vivo experiments indicated that HOTAIR could promote metastasis of HCC by enhancing EMT in vivo. Taken together, our study demonstrated that the HOTAIR-miR-23b-3p-ZEB1 axis may provide a new perspective for treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, Xi'an, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, Xi'an, China
| | - Xilin Du
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, Xi'an, China.
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Amicone L, Marchetti A. Microenvironment and tumor cells: two targets for new molecular therapies of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:24. [PMID: 29971255 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.04.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is one of the most frequent human cancer and is characterized by a high mortality rate. The aggressiveness appears strictly related to the liver pathological background on which cancer develops. Inflammation and the consequent fibro/cirrhosis, derived from chronic injuries of several origins (viral, toxic and metabolic) and observable in almost all oncological patients, represents the most powerful risk factor for HCC and, at the same time, an important obstacle to the efficacy of systemic therapy. Multiple microenvironmental cues, indeed, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis, evolution and recurrence of HCC as well as in the resistance to standard therapies observed in most of patients. The identification of altered pathways in cancer cells and of microenvironmental changes, strictly connected in pathogenic feedback loop, may permit to plan new therapeutic approaches targeting tumor cells and their permissive microenvironment, simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Amicone
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Feeley KP, Edmonds MD. Hiding in Plain Sight: Rediscovering the Importance of Noncoding RNA in Human Malignancy. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2149-2158. [PMID: 29632135 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
At the time of its construction in the 1950s, the central dogma of molecular biology was a useful model that represented the current state of knowledge for the flow of genetic information after a period of prolific scientific discovery. Unknowingly, it also biased many of our assumptions going forward. Whether intentional or not, genomic elements not fitting into this paradigm were deemed unimportant and emphasis on the study of protein-coding genes prevailed for decades. The phrase "Junk DNA," first popularized in the 1960s, is still used with alarming frequency to describe the entirety of noncoding DNA. It has since become apparent that RNA molecules not coding for protein are vitally important in both normal development and human malignancy. Cancer researchers have been pioneers in determining noncoding RNA function and developing new technologies to study these molecules. In this review, we will discuss well known and newly emerging species of noncoding RNAs, their functions in cancer, and new technologies being utilized to understand their mechanisms of action in cancer. Cancer Res; 78(9); 2149-58. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle P Feeley
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mick D Edmonds
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
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