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Hsu CY, Rajabi S, Hamzeloo-Moghadam M, Kumar A, Maresca M, Ghildiyal P. Sesquiterpene lactones as emerging biomolecules to cease cancer by targeting apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1371002. [PMID: 38529189 PMCID: PMC10961375 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1371002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a programmed cell death comprising two signaling cascades including the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This process has been shown to be involved in the therapy response of different cancer types, making it an effective target for treating cancer. Cancer has been considered a challenging issue in global health. Cancer cells possess six biological characteristics during their developmental process known as cancer hallmarks. Hallmarks of cancer include continuous growth signals, unlimited proliferation, resistance to proliferation inhibitors, apoptosis escaping, active angiogenesis, and metastasis. Sesquiterpene lactones are one of the large and diverse groups of planet-derived phytochemicals that can be used as sources for a variety of drugs. Some sesquiterpene lactones possess many biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-malarial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and analgesic. This review article briefly overviews the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis and the interactions between the modulators of both pathways. Also, the present review summarizes the potential effects of sesquiterpene lactones on different modulators of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines and animal models. The main purpose of the present review is to give a clear picture of the current knowledge about the pro-apoptotic effects of sesquiterpene lactones on various cancers to provide future direction in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sadegh Rajabi
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeloo-Moghadam
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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2
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Chopra H, Verma R, Kaushik S, Parashar J, Madan K, Bano A, Bhardwaj R, Pandey P, Kumari B, Purohit D, Kumar M, Bhatia S, Rahman MH, Mittal V, Singh I, Kaushik D. Cyclodextrin-Based Arsenal for Anti-Cancer Treatments. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2023; 40:1-41. [PMID: 36734912 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2022038398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer drugs are mostly limited in their use due to poor physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties. Their lower solubility is the most common hurdle limiting their use upto their potential. In the recent years, the cyclodextrin (CD) complexation have emerged as existing approach to overcome the problem of poor solubility. CD-based nano-technological approaches are safe, stable and showed well in vivo tolerance and greater payload for encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs for the targeted delivery. They are generally chosen due to their ability to get self-assembled to form liposomes, nanoparticles, micelles and nano-sponges etc. This review paper describes a birds-eye view of the various CD-based nano-technological approaches applied for the delivery of anti-cancer moieties to the desired target such as CD based liposomes, niosomes, niosoponges, micelles, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibody, magnetic nanoparticles, small interfering RNA, nanorods, miscellaneous formulation of anti-cancer drugs containing CD. Moreover, the author also summarizes the various shortcomings of such a system and their way ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram 122103, India
| | - Sakshi Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Jatin Parashar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Kumud Madan
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology (Pharm), Knowledge Park, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Afsareen Bano
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Rashmi Bhardwaj
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Parijat Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram 122413, India
| | - Beena Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari, India
| | - Deepika Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Vineet Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
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Wei Z, Chen J, Zuo F, Guo J, Sun X, Liu D, Liu C. Traditional Chinese Medicine has great potential as candidate drugs for lung cancer: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115748. [PMID: 36162545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With high mortality and morbidity rates, lung cancer (LC) has become one of the major threats to human health. The treatment strategies for LC currently face issues, such as drug resistance and body tolerance. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by novel pharmacological mechanisms, low toxicity, and limited side effects. TCM includes a substantial number of biologically active ingredients, several of which are effective monomeric agents against LC. An increasing number of researchers are focusing their efforts on the discovery of active anti-cancer ingredients in TCM. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, we summarized the anti-LC mechanisms of five types of TCM monomeric compounds. Our goal is to provide research ideas for the identification of new prospective medication candidates for the treatment of LC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected reports on the anti-LC effects of TCM monomers from web databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Europe PubMed Central. Among the keywords used were "lung cancer," "traditional Chinese medicine," "pharmacology," and their combinations thereof. Then, we systematically summarized the anti-LC efficacy and related mechanisms of TCM monomers. RESULTS Based on the available literature, this paper reviewed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of five types of TCM monomers on LC. The characteristics of TCM monomers include the capabilities to suppress the tumor cell cycle, inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, promote autophagy, inhibit tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and enhance efficacy or reduce drug resistance when combined with cytotoxic agents and other methods to arrest the progression of LC and prolong the survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS TCM contains numerous flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and other active compounds that are effective against LC. Given their chemical structure and pharmacological properties, these monomers are suitable as candidate drugs for the treatment of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Fang Zuo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Julie Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Deming Liu
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Dermatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Integrative Dermatology Research, Key Laboratory of External Therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Eczema, Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, PR China.
| | - Conghai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China.
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4
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Awan ZA, AlGhamdi SA, Alhakamy NA, Okbazghi SZ, Alfaleh MA, Badr-Eldin SM, Aldawsari HM, Abourehab MAS, Asfour HZ, Zakai SA, Alrabia MW, Negm AA, El-Moselhy MA, Sharkawi SS, Rizg WY. Optimized 2-methoxyestradiol invasomes fortified with apamin: a promising approach for suppression of A549 lung cancer cells. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1536-1548. [PMID: 35612292 PMCID: PMC9154778 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2072412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain anticancer agents selectively target the nucleus of cancer cells. One such drug is 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME), which is used for treating lung cancer. To improve the therapeutic effectiveness of these agents, many new methods have been devised. 2ME was entrapped into the core of hydrophobic invasomes (INVA) covered with Phospholipon 90G and apamin (APA). The Box–Behnken statistical design was implemented to enhance the composition. Using Design-Expert software (Stat-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, MN), the INVA component quantities were optimized to obtain spherical particles with the smallest size, that is, a diameter of 167.8 nm. 2ME-INVA-APA significantly inhibited A549 cells and exhibited IC50 of 1.15 ± 0.04 µg/mL, which is lower than raw 2ME (IC50 5.6 ± 0.2 µg/mL). Post 2ME-INVA-APA administration, a significant rise in cell death and necrosis was seen among the A549 cells compared to those treated with plain formula or 2ME alone. This effect was indicated by increased Bax expression and reduced Bcl-2 expression, as well as mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Moreover, the cell cycle analysis showed that 2ME-INVA-APA arrests the G2-M phase of the A549 cells. Additionally, it was observed that the micellar formulation of the drug increased the cell count in pre-G1, thereby exhibiting phenomenal apoptotic potential. Furthermore, it up-regulates caspase-9 and p53 and downregulates TNF-α and NF-κβ. Collectively, these findings showed that our optimized 2ME-INVA-APA could easily seep through the cell membrane and induce apoptosis in relatively low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhier A Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A AlGhamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Solomon Z Okbazghi
- Global Analytical and Pharmaceutical Development, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohamed A Alfaleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hibah M Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadi A Zakai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad W Alrabia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aya A Negm
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Moselhy
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Department, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sara S Sharkawi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Waleed Y Rizg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Green Nanoemulsion Stabilized by In Situ Self-Assembled Natural Oil/Native Cyclodextrin Complexes: An Eco-Friendly Approach for Enhancing Anticancer Activity of Costunolide against Lung Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020227. [PMID: 35213960 PMCID: PMC8880633 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second-most deadly malignancy worldwide, of which smoking is considered a major risk factor and causes 75–80% of lung cancer-related deaths. Costunolide (CTD) extracted from plant species Saussurea, Aucklandia, and Inula exhibits potent anticancer properties, specifically in lung cancer and leukemia. Several nanoemulsions were prepared and optimized using a three-factor Box–Behnken experimental design. The optimized green nanoemulsion (GNE) showed a vesicle size of 199.56 nm. The IC50 values revealed that A549 cells were significantly more sensitive to the optimized CTD formula than the plain formula and raw CTD. A cell cycle analysis revealed that the optimized CTD formula treatment resulted in significant cell cycle arrest at the S phase. The results also indicated that treatment with the CTD formula significantly increased caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and p53 mRNA expression compared to the plain formula and CTD raw. In terms of the inflammatory markers, the optimized formula significantly reduced the activity of TNF-α and NF-κB in comparison with the plain formula and raw drug only. Overall, the findings from the study proved that a CTD GNE formulation could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of lung cancer.
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6
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The Effect of Terpenoid Natural Chinese Medicine Molecular Compound on Lung Cancer Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3730963. [PMID: 34956377 PMCID: PMC8702311 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3730963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Among all malignant tumors in the whole universe, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer disease rank first. Especially in the past few years, the occurrence of lung cancer in the urban population has continued to increase, which seriously threatens the lives and health of people. Among the many treatments for lung cancer, chemotherapy is the best one, but traditional chemotherapy has low specificity and drug resistance. To address the above issue, this study reviews the five biological pathways that common terpenoid compounds in medicinal plants interfere with the occurrence and development of lung cancer: cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell autophagy, cell invasion, metastasis, and immune mechanism regulation. In addition, the mechanism of the terpenoid natural traditional Chinese medicine monomer compound combined with Western medicine in the multipathway antilung cancer is summarized.
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7
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Xu C, Huang X, Lei X, Jin Z, Wu M, Liu X, Huang Y, Zhao X, Xiong Y, Sun J, Duan X, Wang J. Costunolide-Induced Apoptosis via Promoting the Reactive Oxygen Species and Inhibiting AKT/GSK3β Pathway and Activating Autophagy in Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722734. [PMID: 34869312 PMCID: PMC8633576 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Costunolide (Cos) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from chicory. Although it possesses anti-tumor effects, the underlying molecular mechanism against gastric cancer cells remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of Cos on gastric cancer. Methods: The effect of Cos on HGC-27 and SNU-1 proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and clone formation assay. The changes in cell apoptosis were determined using Hoechst 33258 and tunel staining. The morphology of autophagy was analyzed by autophagosomes with the electron microscope and LC3-immunofluorescence with the confocal microscope. The related protein levels of the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy and AKT/GSK3β pathway were determined by Western blot. The anti-tumor activity of Cos was evaluated by subcutaneously xenotransplanting HGC-27 into Balb/c nude mice. The Ki67 and P-AKT levels were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Cos significantly inhibited HGC-27 and SNU-1 growth and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Cos activated intrinsic apoptosis and autophagy through promoting cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inhibiting the ROS-AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Moreover, preincubating gastric carcinoma cells with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a cell-autophagy inhibitor, significantly alleviated the effects of Cos in inducing cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Cos induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells via promoting ROS and inhibiting AKT/GSK3β pathway and activating pro-death cell autophagy, which may be an effective strategy to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohua Lei
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Research, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Graduate School, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Department of Graduate School, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangrong Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingying Sun
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianglong Duan
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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8
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Huang Z, Wei C, Yang K, Yu Z, Wang Z, Hu H. Aucklandiae Radix and Vladimiriae Radix: A systematic review in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114372. [PMID: 34186101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and Vladimiriae Radix (VR), as commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine, were widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. The two herbal medicines were warm, pungent and bitter. They entered the spleen, stomach, large intestine and gallbladder meridians, and had the effect of promoting qi circulation to relieve pain. It is usually used for chest and hypochondrium, abdominal fullness and pain, tenesmus, indigestion, and warming the middle to harmonize the stomach in clinically. AIM OF THIS REVIEW To provide a reference for the identification of traditional use, the material basis of efficacy and preclinical research between AR and VR, this review systematically summarized the similarities and differences in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and modern pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature information was collected systematically from the electronic scientific databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Geen Medical, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, as well as other literature sources, such as classic books of herbal medicine, master's thesis, doctoral thesis. RESULTS In the plateau areas of Sichuan Province, VR used to be regarded as substitute or local habit for AR, which is regularly used for chest, abdominal fullness and pain, diarrhea, and other related diseases. In Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) 2020 edition, 145 prescription preparations with AR were collected, such as Xianglian Wan, Muxiang Shunqi Wan, Liuwei Muxiang San. However, only one prescription preparation (Jiuxiang Zhitong Wan) contained VR. Additionally, 237 and 254 chemical components were separately isolated and identified from AR and VR, 69 kinds of compounds were common among them, and the significant differences were presented in sesquiterpene lactones, monoterpenoids, triterpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Moreover, Costunolide (COS) and Dehydrocostus lactone (DEH), two main research objects of modern pharmacology, showed multiple pharmacological activities. Not only could they inhibit the activity of some cancer cells (such as breast cancer and leukemia cells), but they regulated the levels of various inflammatory factors (including TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6) and repressed the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms (like Helicobacter pylori, Staphylococcus aureus). CONCLUSION COS and DEH as the common active components, provide a certain basis for local medicine about the substitution of VR for AR in Sichuan province of China in the past. In addition, the sesquiterpenoids are the main common compounds in AR and VR by collecting and collating a large number of literature and various data websites. Furthermore, AR and VR have significant differences in ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry, especially in sesquiterpene lactones, monoterpenoids, triterpenoids and phenylpropanoids, and are probably viewed as reference of a separate list of AR and VR in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Chunlei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ziwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Holistic Integrative Medicine Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Qiang Medicine Standard Research Promotion Base and Collaborative Innovation Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Huiling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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9
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El-Far AH, Godugu K, Noreldin AE, Saddiq AA, Almaghrabi OA, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Thymoquinone and Costunolide Induce Apoptosis of Both Proliferative and Doxorubicin-Induced-Senescent Colon and Breast Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211035450. [PMID: 34490824 PMCID: PMC8427913 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211035450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) induces senescence in numerous cancer cell types, but these senescent cancer cells relapse again if they are not eliminated. On this principle, we investigated the apoptotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the active ingredient of Nigella sativa seeds and costunolide (COS), the active ingredient of Costus speciosus, on the senescent colon (Sen-HCT116) and senescent breast (Sen-MCF7) cancer cell lines in reference to their corresponding proliferative cells to rapidly eliminate the senescent cancer cells. The senescence markers of Sen-HCT116 and Sen-MCF7 were determined by a significant decrease in bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and significant increases in SA-β-gal, p53, and p21 levels. Then proliferative, Sen-HCT116, and Sen-MCF7 cells were subjected to either TQ (50 µM) or COS (30 µM), the Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), caspase 3 mRNA expression and its activity were established. Results revealed that TQ significantly increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in HCT116 + Dox5 + TQ, MCF7 + TQ, and MCF7 + Dox5 + TQ compared with their corresponding controls. COS significantly increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in HCT116 + Dox5 + TQ and MCF7 + Dox5 + TQ compared with their related controls. Also, TQ and COS were significantly increased caspase 3 activity and cell proliferation of Sen-HCT116 and Sen-MCF7. The data revealed a higher sensitivity of senescent cells to TQ or COS than their corresponding proliferative cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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10
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Huang H, Yi JK, Lim SG, Park S, Zhang H, Kim E, Jang S, Lee MH, Liu K, Kim KR, Kim EK, Lee Y, Kim SH, Ryoo ZY, Kim MO. Costunolide Induces Apoptosis via the Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Kinase B Pathway in Oral Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7509. [PMID: 34299129 PMCID: PMC8305390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) has been attracted research attention in recent years as result of its high morbidity and mortality. Costunolide (CTD) possesses potential anticancer and bioactive abilities that have been confirmed in several types of cancers. However, its effects on oral cancer remain unclear. This study investigated the potential anticancer ability and underlying mechanisms of CTD in OC in vivo and in vitro. Cell viability and anchorage-independent colony formation assays were performed to examine the antigrowth effects of CTD on OC cells; assessments for migration and invasion of OC cells were conducted by transwell; Cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry and verified by immunoblotting. The results revealed that CTD suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of oral cancer cells effectively and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; regarding the mechanism, CTD bound to AKT directly by binding assay and repressed AKT activities through kinase assay, which thereby downregulating the downstream of AKT. Furthermore, CTD remarkably promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species by flow cytometry assay, leading to cell apoptosis. Notably, CTD strongly suppresses cell-derived xenograft OC tumor growth in an in vivo mouse model. In conclusion, our results suggested that costunolide might prevent progression of OC and promise to be a novel AKT inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (H.H.); (H.Z.); (E.K.)
| | - Jun-Koo Yi
- Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 36052, Korea;
| | - Su-Geun Lim
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-G.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Sijun Park
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-G.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (H.H.); (H.Z.); (E.K.)
| | - Eungyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (H.H.); (H.Z.); (E.K.)
| | - Soyoung Jang
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-G.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
| | - Ki-Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (K.-R.K.); (E.-K.K.)
| | - Eun-Kyong Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (K.-R.K.); (E.-K.K.)
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Medical Analysis, Korea Polytechnic College, Chungnam 34134, Korea;
| | - Zae-Young Ryoo
- Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 36052, Korea;
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea; (H.H.); (H.Z.); (E.K.)
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11
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Yan C, Long Q, Zhang YD, Babu G, Krishnapriya MV, Qiu JF, Song JR, Rao Q, Yi P, Sun M, Li YM. Germacranolide sesquiterpenes from Carpesium cernuum and their anti-leukemia activity. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:528-535. [PMID: 34247776 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, three new germacranolide sesquiterpenes (1-3), together with six related known analogues (4-9) were isolated from the whole plant of Carpesium cernuum. Their structures were established by a combination of extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, HR-ESIMS data, and ECD calculations. The anti-leukemia activities of all compounds towards three cell lines (HEL, KG-1a, and K562) were evaluated in vitro. Compounds 1-3 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.59 to 5.47 μmol·L-1. Mechanistic studies indicated that 2 induced apoptosis by decreasing anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and activating the caspase family in K562 cells. These results suggest that compound 2 is a potential anti-leukemia agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun 561000, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Qun Long
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yun-Dong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Gajendran Babu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Madhu Varier Krishnapriya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Jian-Fei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jing-Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Qing Rao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Mao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun 561000, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.
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12
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Huang H, Yi J, Park S, Zhang H, Kim E, Park S, Kwon W, Jang S, Zhang X, Chen H, Choi SK, Kim SH, Liu K, Dong Z, Lee MH, Ryoo Z, Kim MO. Costunolide suppresses melanoma growth via the AKT/mTOR pathway in vitro and in vivo. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1410-1427. [PMID: 33948365 PMCID: PMC8085867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most common type of skin cancer and its incidence is rapidly increasing. AKT, and its related signaling pathways, are highly activated in many cancers including lung, colon, and esophageal cancers. Costunolide (CTD) is a sesquiterpene lactone that has been reported to possess neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. However, the target and mechanism underlying its efficacy in melanoma have not been identified. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism behind the anti-cancer effect of CTD in melanoma in vitro and in vivo by identifying CTD as an AKT inhibitor. We first verified that p-AKT and AKT are highly expressed in melanoma patient tissues and cell lines. CTD significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells including SK-MEL-5, SK-MEL-28, and A375 that are overexpressed p-AKT and AKT proteins. We investigated the mechanism of CTD using a computational docking modeling, pull-down, and site directed mutagenesis assay. CTD directly bound to AKT thereby arresting cell cycle at the G1 phase, and inducing the apoptosis of melanoma cells. In addition, CTD regulated the G1 phase and apoptosis biomarkers, and inhibited the expression of AKT/mTOR/GSK3b/p70S6K/4EBP cascade proteins. After reducing AKT expression in melanoma cells, cell growth was significantly decreased and CTD did not showed further inhibitory effects. Furthermore, CTD administration suppressed tumor growth and weight in cell-derived xenograft mice models in vivo without body weight loss and inhibited the expression of Ki-67, p-AKT, and p70S6K in tumor tissues. In summary, our study implied that CTD inhibited melanoma progression in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we reported that CTD could affect melanoma growth by targeting AKT. Therefore, CTD has considerable potential as a drug for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National UniversitySangju-si, Gyeongsang buk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkoo Yi
- Gyeongbuk Livestock Research InstituteYeongju 36052, South Korea
| | - Song Park
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGISTDaegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brian and Cognitive Sciences, DGISTDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National UniversitySangju-si, Gyeongsang buk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National UniversitySangju-si, Gyeongsang buk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Sijun Park
- Shool of Life Science, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- Shool of Life Science, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGISTDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jang
- Shool of Life Science, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGISTDaegu, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biotechnology, DGISTDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-hyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Medical Analysis, Korea Polytechnic CollegeChungnam, Korea
| | - Kangddong Liu
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University ZhengzhouZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University ZhengzhouZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin UniversityNaju, Jeollanamdo 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Zaeyoung Ryoo
- Shool of Life Science, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National UniversitySangju-si, Gyeongsang buk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
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13
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Sesquiterpene lactones of Aucklandia lappa: Pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and structure–activity relationship. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:167-176. [PMID: 36117502 PMCID: PMC9476744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Huang H, Park S, Zhang H, Park S, Kwon W, Kim E, Zhang X, Jang S, Yoon D, Choi SK, Yi JK, Kim SH, Dong Z, Lee MH, Ryoo Z, Kim MO. Targeting AKT with costunolide suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer cells and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:114. [PMID: 33785035 PMCID: PMC8010944 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a clinically challenging malignant tumor worldwide. As a natural product and sesquiterpene lactone, Costunolide (CTD) has been reported to possess anticancer activities. However, the regulation mechanism and precise target of this substance remain undiscovered in CRC. In this study, we found that CTD inhibited CRC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by targeting AKT. METHODS Effects of CTD on colon cancer cell growth in vitro were evaluated in cell proliferation assays, migration and invasion, propidium iodide, and annexin V-staining analyses. Targets of CTD were identified utilizing phosphoprotein-specific antibody array; Costunolide-sepharose conjugated bead pull-down analysis and knockdown techniques. We investigated the underlying mechanisms of CTD by ubiquitination, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot assays. Cell-derived tumour xenografts (CDX) in nude mice and immunohistochemistry were used to assess anti-tumour effects of CTD in vivo. RESULTS CTD suppressed the proliferation, anchorage-independent colony growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of CRC cells including HCT-15, HCT-116 and DLD1. Besides, the CTD also triggered cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. The CTD activates and induces p53 stability by inhibiting MDM2 ubiquitination via the suppression of AKT's phosphorylation in vitro. The CTD suppresses cell growth in a p53-independent fashion manner; p53 activation may contribute to the anticancer activity of CTD via target AKT. Finally, the CTD decreased the volume of CDX tumors without of the body weight loss and reduced the expression of AKT-MDM2-p53 signaling pathway in xenograft tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our project has uncovered the mechanism underlying the biological activity of CTD in colon cancer and confirmed the AKT is a directly target of CTD. All of which These results revealed that CTD might be a new AKT inhibitor in colon cancer treatment, and CTD is worthy of further exploration in preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Park
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Sijun Park
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Enugyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Soyoung Jang
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Duhak Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Koo Yi
- Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Medical Analysis, Korea Polytechnic College, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeollanamdo, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zaeyoung Ryoo
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Costunolide, a Sesquiterpene Lactone, Suppresses Skin Cancer via Induction of Apoptosis and Blockage of Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042075. [PMID: 33669832 PMCID: PMC7922093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Costunolide is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone that demonstrates various therapeutic actions such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Costunolide has recently emerged as a potential anti-cancer agent in various types of cancer, including colon, lung, and breast cancer. However, its mode of action in skin cancer remains unclear. To determine the anti-cancer potential of costunolide in skin cancer, human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431 was treated with costunolide. A lactate dehydrogenase assay showed that costunolide diminished the viability of A431 cells. Apoptotic cells were detected by annexin V/propidium iodide double staining and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay assay, and costunolide induced cell apoptosis via activation of caspase-3 as well as induction of poly-ADP ribose polymerase cleavage in A431 cells. In addition, costunolide elevated the level of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax while lowering the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. To address the inhibitory effect of costunolide on cell proliferation and survival, various signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and Akt, were investigated. Costunolide activated the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways while suppressing the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), STAT3, NF-κB, and Akt pathways in A431 cells. Consequently, it was inferred that costunolide suppresses cell proliferation and survival via these signaling pathways. Taken together, our data clearly indicated that costunolide exerts anti-cancer activity in A431 cells by suppressing cell growth via inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis. Therefore, it may be employed as a potentially tumor-specific candidate in skin cancer treatment.
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16
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Fu D, Wu D, Cheng W, Gao J, Zhang Z, Ge J, Zhou W, Xu Z. Costunolide Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis by Activating ROS/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:582273. [PMID: 33194716 PMCID: PMC7649430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although costunolide (Cos), a natural sesquiterpene compound isolated from various medicinal plants, exhibits antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in diverse types of cancers, the mechanism associated with the anticancer property of Cos has not been elucidated. The present investigation was carried out to study the anticarcinogenic influence of Cos on kidney cancer cells. Several human renal cancer cell lines were used and biological and molecular studies were conducted. It was found that Cos significantly suppressed renal carcinoma cell growth via stimulation of apoptosis and autophagy in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that Cos increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP), and enhanced cytoplasmic levels of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, resulting in cell apoptosis. The autophagy induced by Cos resulted from the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta and upregulation of LC3B II and Beclin-1 proteins. Compared with Cos treatment, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or ROS scavenger NAC significantly inhibited apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, NAC and JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the effect of Cos. Taken together, Cos exerted autophagic and apoptotic effects on renal cancer through the ROS/JNK-dependent signal route. These findings suggest that Cos could be a beneficial anticarcinogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Fu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Wu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianping Gao
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenquan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Shariati MA, Khalil AA, Imran M, Rebezov M, Uddin MS, Mahomoodally MF, Rengasamy KRR. Sesquiterpenes and their derivatives-natural anticancer compounds: An update. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105165. [PMID: 32835868 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes belong to the largest group of plant secondary metabolites, which consist of three isoprene building units. These compounds are widely distributed in various angiosperms, a few gymnosperms and bryophytes. Sesquiterpenes and their allied derivatives are bio-synthesized in various plant parts including leaves, fruits and roots. These plant-based metabolites are predominantly identified in the Asteraceae family, wherein up to 5000 complexes have been documented to date. Sesquiterpenes and their derivatives are characteristically associated with plant defence mechanisms owing to their antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral activities. Over the last two decades, these compounds have been reportedly demonstrated health promoting perspectives against a wide range of metabolic syndromes i.e. hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular complications, neural disorders, diabetes, and cancer. The high potential of sesquiterpenes and their derivatives against various cancers like breast, colon, bladder, pancreatic, prostate, cervical, brain, liver, blood, ovarium, bone, endometrial, oral, lung, eye, stomach and kidney are the object of this review. Predominantly, it recapitulates the literature elucidating sesquiterpenes and their derivatives while highlighting the mechanistic approaches associated with their potent anticancer activities such as modulating nuclear factor kappa (NF-kB) activity, inhibitory action against lipid peroxidation and retarding the production of reactive oxygen & nitrogen species (ROS&RNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Bionanotechnology Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1608942. [PMID: 32766303 PMCID: PMC7374224 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1608942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Apoptosis, a major form of programmed cell death, plays a vital role in regulating tissue development and maintenance of homeostasis in eukaryotes. Apoptosis can occur via a death receptor-dependent extrinsic or a mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic pathway and can be induced by various chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, the anticancer activity of Saussurea costus and its mode of intervention in human cancer cells of breast, colon, and liver were investigated. Results In this study, the bioactives of S. costus leaves were extensively extracted in five solvents of different polarity. The cytotoxicity and anticancer effect of the extracted secondary metabolites were investigated against breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2), and colon (HCT116) cancer cell lines using a Sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. Secondary metabolites extracted using hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform had the highest cytotoxicity and thus the greatest anticancer effect on all the cancer cell lines tested (IC50; ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 μg/ml), while butanol was comparatively less active (IC50; ranging from 23.2 to 25.5 μg/ml). Further investigation using DNA flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy revealed that the extract arrested the cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the elevated expression level of proapoptotic proteins and decreased expression level of antiapoptotic proteins confirmed that the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway was involved in mediating the apoptosis of cancer cells upon treatment with S. costus extract. These results altogether suggest that S. costus could be a potential anticancer agent. Conclusion These results suggest that the S. costus extract is the potential source of the secondary metabolites that could be used as anticancer agent to treat diverse cancers of breast, colon, and liver.
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DaHuangWan targets EGF signaling to inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231466. [PMID: 32298294 PMCID: PMC7161984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DaHuangWan (DHW) is a traditional herbal medicine used by Mongolian to treat liver cancer for many years. Clinical application of the drug has been shown to help control tumor progression, prolong survival and improve quality of life. However, the underlying mechanisms and side effects of this drug remain unclear, which greatly limits the clinical application and further optimization of DHW. In this study, we found that DHW inhibits the proliferation of hepatoma cells by modulating the epithelial growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. Berberine and Costunolide are the main active ingredients in DHW. Interestingly, the combination of Berberine and Costunolide has a dramatic synergistic effect on inhibiting the proliferation of hepatoma cells. Neither Berberine nor Costunolide directly block EGFR phosphorylation. Berberine promotes endocytosis of activated EGFR, while as Costunolide increases ubiquitination of EGFR and reduces EGFR recycling to cell membrane distribution, thereby inhibiting EGF signaling. Berberine and Costunolide target two different steps in regulating the EGF signaling, which explains the synergistic anti-cancer effect of DHW. Since Berberine and Costunolide do not directly target EGFR phosphorylation, DHW could be a supplementary medicine to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Wei M, Li J, Qiu J, Yan Y, Wang H, Wu Z, Liu Y, Shen X, Su C, Guo Q, Pan Y, Zhang P, Zhang J. Costunolide induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in H1299 lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1986-1994. [PMID: 32236584 PMCID: PMC7160540 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Costunolide being a sesquiterpene lactone, is known to have anticancer properties. The present study investigated the anticancer effects of costunolide against the H1299 human non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line. Inhibition of cell viability by costunolide was assessed via a MTT assay. Furthermore, the apoptotic rate was detected using Annexin V/propidium iodide labeling. A colony forming cell assay was performed to investigate the antiproliferative effects of costunolide. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to determine the inhibitory effects of costunolide on migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis was undertaken to determine protein expression, and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to assess mRNA expression levels. The results demonstrated that costunolide inhibited the viability of H1299 cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 23.93±1.67 µM and induced cellular apoptosis in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, the colony formation, migrative and invasive abilities of the H1299 cells were inhibited in a dose‑ or time‑dependent manner. The protein expression levels of E‑cadherin increased and those of N‑cadherin decreased following treatment with costunolide, which suggested that costunolide inhibited epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition. The mRNA levels of B‑Raf, E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin, integrins α2 and β1, as well as matrix metalloproteinases 2 were also found to be regulated costunolide. These findings indicate the potential of costunolide in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Respiratory and Occupational Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer, Medical College, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi 037009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics/Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Zengbao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyue Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoru Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yanrui Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Peiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jianye Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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Antitumor activity and mechanism of costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone: Two natural sesquiterpene lactones from the Asteraceae family. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109955. [PMID: 32014691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Costunolide (COS) and dehydrocostus lactone (DEH) are two natural sesquiterpene lactones with potential antitcancer activity against a range of cancer cell types both in vitro and in vivo, particularly for breast cancer and leukemia. There are many researches that have been taken to characterize these pathways and to reveal their anticancer mechanisms of action of COS and DEH. However, while there is a great deal of evidence detailing the effects of COS and DEH on considerable signaling pathways and cellular functions, a global view of their mechanism of action remains elusive. This review systematically summarizes the antitumor activity and mechanism of COS and DEH in the recent reports, and discusses the effect of the key active part (α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) of COS and DEH against cancer. Moreover, we also discuss the antineoplastic activity of COS and DEH derivatives to improve the cytotoxicity and safety index. We believe this review can provide a systemic reference to develop COS and DEH as anticancer agents.
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Costunolide induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma BGC-823 cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:151. [PMID: 31242894 PMCID: PMC6595696 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Costunolide, a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Radix Aucklandiae, has the activity against multiple cancers. However, the effect of costunolide on gastric cancer (GC) have remained to be ambiguous. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced by costunolide in human gastric adenocarcinoma BGC-823 cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods The viability of BGC-823 cells was detected by MTT assay. The apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of BGC-823 cells induced by costunolide were analyzed by flow cytometry. The inhibiton of costunolide on human gastric adenocarcinoma was estimated in xenografts in nude mice. Apoptosis related proteins and genes were detected by Western blot and Q-PCR. Results Costunolide inhibited the viability of BGC-823 cells in a time and concentration dependent manner. Costunolide induced the apoptosis and lowered the ΔΨm of BGC-823 cells significantly. Costunolide increased the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase 7, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, pro-caspase 9, pro-caspase 7, pro-caspase 3 and PARP proteins. Costunolide upregulated the expression of puma, Bak1 and Bax mRNA and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA. In addition, we demonstrated that costunolide inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of BGC-823 cells xenografted in athymic nude mice. Costunolide increased the expression of cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase 3 and Bax proteins and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 protein in xenografted tumor. Costunolide upregulated the expression of puma and Bax mRNA and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in xenografted tumor. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggested that costunolide induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma BGC-823 cells and could be the candidate drug against GC in clinical practice.
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Costunolide-A Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactone with Diverse Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122926. [PMID: 31208018 PMCID: PMC6627852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a major class of bioactive natural products. One of the naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones is costunolide, which has been extensively investigated for a wide range of biological activities. Multiple lines of preclinical studies have reported that the compound possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Many of these bioactivities are supported by mechanistic details, such as the modulation of various intracellular signaling pathways involved in precipitating tissue inflammation, tumor growth and progression, bone loss, and neurodegeneration. The key molecular targets of costunolide include, but are not limited to, intracellular kinases, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases, Akt kinase, telomerase, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and redox-regulated transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappaB, signal transducer and activator of transcription, activator protein-1. The compound also diminished the production and/expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and cytokines. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic potential of costunolide in the management of various diseases and their underlying mechanisms.
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Singireesu SSNR, Misra S, Mondal SK, Yerramsetty S, Sahu N, K SB. Costunolide induces micronuclei formation, chromosomal aberrations, cytostasis, and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:125-142. [PMID: 28914393 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Costunolide (CE) is a sesquiterpene lactone well-known for its antihepatotoxic, antiulcer, and anticancer activities. The present study focused on the evaluation of the cytogenetic toxicity and cellular death-inducing potential of CE in CHO cells, an epithelial cell line derived from normal ovary cells of Chinese hamster. The cytotoxic effect denoting MTT assay has shown an IC50 value of 7.56 μM CE, where 50% proliferation inhibition occurs. The oxidative stress caused by CE was confirmed based on GSH depletion induced cell death, conspicuously absent in N-acetylcysteine (GSH precursor) pretreated cells. The evaluation of genotoxic effects of CE using cytokinesis block micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration test has shown prominent induction of binucleated micronucleated cells and aberrant metaphases bearing chromatid and chromosomal breaks, indicating CE's clastogenic and aneugenic potential. The apoptotic death in CE treated cells was confirmed by an increase in the number of cells in subG1 phase, exhibiting chromatin condensation and membranous phosphatidylserine translocation. The apoptosis induction follows mitochondrial mediation, evident from an increase in the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3/7 activity, and mitochondrial membrane permeability. CE also induces cytostasis in addition to apoptosis, substantiated by the reduced cytokinetic (replicative indices) and mitotic (mitotic indices and histone H3 Ser-10 phosphorylation) activities. Overall, the cellular GSH depletion and potential genotoxic effects by CE led the CHO cells to commit apoptosis and lowered cell division. The observed sensitivity of CHO cells doubts unintended adverse effects of CE on normal healthy cells, suggesting higher essentiality of further studies in order to establish its safety efficacy in therapeutic explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Misra
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sujan Kumar Mondal
- Biomaterials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Yerramsetty
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Nivedita Sahu
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Babu K
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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Huang G, Tong Y, He Q, Wang J, Chen Z. Aucklandia lappa DC. extract enhances gefitinib efficacy in gefitinib-resistance secondary epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 206:353-362. [PMID: 28619365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aucklandia lappa DC. is a widely used medicinal plant in China, India and Pakistan for a long time. Previously, a number of different pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo have convincingly demonstrated the abilities of it to exhibit anticancer activities. Reynoutria japonica Houtt. has also been widely used as traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Previous studies have demonstrated that it is bioactive to exhibit anticancer activities. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate whether the extracts of Aucklandia lappa DC. and Reynoutria japonica Houtt. are capable of treating drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing support for novel usage beyond traditional uses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts combined with gefitinib have been tested taking the vulval development of transgenic C. elegans (jgIs25) as an effective and simple in vivo model system, evaluating their efficacy against acquired NSCLC. Synchronous larval 1 (L1) larvae were treated with extracts plus gefitinib and cultured to obtain mainly L4 larvae. The multivulva (Muv) phenotype was recorded at the adult stage. RESULTS Our data showed that Aucklandia lappa DC. extract could significantly enhance the efficacy of gefitinib, suppressing the Muv phenotype of jgIs25. Meanwhile, it could also down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of EGFR in jgIs25. Collectively, our results verified that the capability of Aucklandia lappa DC. to inhibit Muv phenotype may be based on the EGFR signaling pathway inhibition. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the co-administration of Aucklandia lappa DC. with gefitinib may provide an effective strategy for the therapy of EGFR inhibitor resistant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanli Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Qidi He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G. The sesquiterpene α-bisabolol in the adipocyte-cancer desmoplastic crosstalk: does it have an action on epithelial-mesenchymal transition mechanisms? Int J Clin Oncol 2017; 22:222-228. [PMID: 27942879 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-016-1072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-bisabolol is a plant-derived sesquiterpene alcohol recently associated with a supposed anti-cancer action due to its ability to induce BID-related apoptosis. The molecule, which enters the cell through lipid rafts, may also interact with kisspeptin receptor 1, which has recently been associated with tumor mobility and invasiveness. This evidence suggests the possibility that α-bisabolol might act on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition mechanism, closely associated with the desmoplastic reaction of adipose tissue surrounding a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review addresses the issue on the basis of the most recent reported literature in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 9, Verona, Italy.
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
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