1
|
John Hamilton A, Lane S, Werry EL, Suri A, Bailey AW, Mercé C, Kadolsky U, Payne AD, Kassiou M, Treiger Sredni S, Saxena A, Gunosewoyo H. Synthesis and Antitumour Evaluation of Tricyclic Indole-2-Carboxamides against Paediatric Brain Cancer Cells. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400098. [PMID: 38923350 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Antitumour properties of some cannabinoids (CB) have been reported in the literature as early as 1970s, however there is no clear consensus to date on the exact mechanisms leading to cancer cell death. The indole-based WIN 55,212-2 and SDB-001 are both known as potent agonists at both CB1 and CB2 receptors, yet we demonstrate herein that only the former can exert in vitro antitumour effects when tested against a paediatric brain cancer cell line KNS42. In this report, we describe the synthesis of novel 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles and evaluate their functional potencies at both cannabinoid receptors, as well as their abilities to inhibit the growth or proliferation of KNS42 cells. Compared to our previously reported indole-2-carboxamides, these 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles had either completely lost activities, or, showed moderate-to-weak antagonism at both CB1 and CB2 receptors. Compound 23 displayed the most potent antitumour properties among the series. Our results further support the involvement of non-CB pathways for the observed antitumour activities of amidoalkylindole-based cannabinoids, in line with our previous findings. Transcriptomic analysis comparing cells treated or non-treated with compound 23 suggested the observed antitumour effects of 23 are likely to result mainly from disruption of the FOXM1-regulated cell cycle pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Lane
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Eryn L Werry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Amreena Suri
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Anders W Bailey
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | | | - Alan D Payne
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Simone Treiger Sredni
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alka Saxena
- Genomics WA, QEII Campus, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Hendra Gunosewoyo
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lim S, Kwak M, Kang J, Cesaire M, Tang K, Robey RW, Frye WJE, Karim B, Butcher D, Lizak MJ, Dalmage M, Foster B, Nuechterlein N, Eberhart C, Cimino PJ, Gottesman MM, Jackson S. Ibrutinib disrupts blood-tumor barrier integrity and prolongs survival in rodent glioma model. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:56. [PMID: 38589905 PMCID: PMC11003129 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In malignant glioma, cytotoxic drugs are often inhibited from accessing the tumor site due to the blood-tumor barrier (BTB). Ibrutinib, FDA-approved lymphoma agent, inhibits Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and has previously been shown to independently impair aortic endothelial adhesion and increase rodent glioma model survival in combination with cytotoxic therapy. Yet additional research is required to understand ibrutinib's effect on BTB function. In this study, we detail baseline BTK expression in glioma cells and its surrounding vasculature, then measure endothelial junctional expression/function changes with varied ibrutinib doses in vitro. Rat glioma cells and rodent glioma models were treated with ibrutinib alone (1-10 µM and 25 mg/kg) and in combination with doxil (10-100 µM and 3 mg/kg) to assess additive effects on viability, drug concentrations, tumor volume, endothelial junctional expression and survival. We found that ibrutinib, in a dose-dependent manner, decreased brain endothelial cell-cell adhesion over 24 h, without affecting endothelial cell viability (p < 0.005). Expression of tight junction gene and protein expression was decreased maximally 4 h after administration, along with inhibition of efflux transporter, ABCB1, activity. We demonstrated an additive effect of ibrutinib with doxil on rat glioma cells, as seen by a significant reduction in cell viability (p < 0.001) and increased CNS doxil concentration in the brain (56 ng/mL doxil alone vs. 74.6 ng/mL combination, p < 0.05). Finally, Ibrutinib, combined with doxil, prolonged median survival in rodent glioma models (27 vs. 16 days, p < 0.0001) with brain imaging showing a - 53% versus - 75% volume change with doxil alone versus combination therapy (p < 0.05). These findings indicate ibrutinib's ability to increase brain endothelial permeability via junctional disruption and efflux inhibition, to increase BTB drug entry and prolong rodent glioma model survival. Our results motivate the need to identify other BTB modifiers, all with the intent of improving survival and reducing systemic toxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Lim
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Minhye Kwak
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jeonghan Kang
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Melissa Cesaire
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kayen Tang
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - William J E Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Baktiar Karim
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Martin J Lizak
- NIH MRI Research Facility and Mouse Imaging Facility, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Mahalia Dalmage
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brandon Foster
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Nuechterlein
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles Eberhart
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sadhana Jackson
- Develomental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Building 10, Room 7D45, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu M, Wang X, Zhang Q, Xie C, Wang T, Shen K, Zhang L, Zhou X. Integrative analysis confirms TPX2 as a novel biomarker for clinical implication, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy response across human solid tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2563-2590. [PMID: 38315450 PMCID: PMC10911359 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Targeting Protein for Xenopus Kinesin Like Protein 2 (TPX2) serves as a microtubule associated protein for the regulation of spindle assembly and tumorigenesis. We aim to investigate the prognostic and immunological role of TPX2 in pan-cancer. TCGA database, Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) were retrieved to evaluate the expression pattern of TPX2 as well as its diagnostic and prognostic value in solid tumors. Genomic alterations of TPX2 were assessed with cBioPortal database. In vitro experiments in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were performed to confirm the potential role of TPX2. Overexpression of TPX2 was found in 22 types of cancers, and was positively related with copy number variations (CNV) and negative with methylation. Up-regulated TPX2 could predict worse outcomes in the majority of cancers. Single-cell analysis revealed that TPX2 was mainly distributed in malignant cells (especially in glioma) and proliferating T cells. Genomic alteration of TPX2 was common in different types of tumors, while with prognostic value in two types of cancers. Additionally, significant correlations were found between TPX2 expression and tumor microenvironment (including stromal cells and immune cells) as well as immune related genes across cancer types. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that TPX2 could predict response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Functional analyses demonstrated close relationship of TPX2 with immune function and malignant phenotypes. Finally, it was confirmed that knockdown of TPX2 could reduce proliferation and migration ability of LUAD cells. In summary, TPX2 could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a potential immunotherapy marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaping Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinghua People’s Hospital, Xinghua 225700, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen S. Glioma Subtypes Based on the Activity Changes of Immunologic and Hallmark Gene Sets in Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:879233. [PMID: 35774141 PMCID: PMC9236851 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.879233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glioma is the most common primary cranial brain tumor that arises from the cancelation of glial cells (which can be in the brain or spinal cord). It is due to innate genetic risk factors or induced by a carcinogenic environment. If left untreated, the disease has a poor prognosis. Methods In this study, we downloaded glioma data from TCGA database and GEO (GSE4412). The GSEA database was used to screen tumor microenvironment-related gene sets. Cancer subtypes were classified by GSVA enrichment method. Results By GSVA enrichment analysis, we obtain three Gliomas cancer subtypes. After further survival prognosis analysis and biological function analysis, we obtained 13 tumor microenvironment gene sets and 14 core genes that affect patients' survival prognosis, and these genes have the potential to become targets for targeted therapies and disease detection. Conclusion We screened a total of 13 gene sets through a series of enrichment analyses, statistical and prognostic analyses, etc. Among them, 14 core genes were identified, namely: TOP2A, TPX2, BUB1, AURKB, AURKA, CDK1, BUB1B, CCNA2, CCNB2, CDCA8, CDC20, KIF11, KIF20A and KIF2C.
Collapse
|
5
|
Target Protein for Xklp2 Functions as Coactivator of Androgen Receptor and Promotes the Proliferation of Prostate Carcinoma Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6085948. [PMID: 35444697 PMCID: PMC9015851 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6085948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The activation of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway is crucial in the progression of human prostate cancer. Results of the present study indicated that the target protein xenopus kinesin-like protein (TPX2) enhanced the transcription activation of AR and promoted the proliferation of LNCaP (ligand-dependent prostate carcinoma) cells. The protein-protein interaction between AR and TPX2 was investigated using coimmunoprecipitation assays. Results of the present study further demonstrated that TPX2 enhanced the transcription factor activation of AR and enhanced the expression levels of the downstream gene prostate-specific antigen (PSA). TPX2 did this by promoting the accumulation of AR in the nucleus and also promoting the recruitment of AR to the androgen response element, located in the promoter region of the PSA gene. Overexpression of TPX2 enhanced both the in vitro and in vivo proliferation of LNCaP cells. By revealing a novel role of TPX2 in the AR signaling pathway, the present study indicated that TPX2 may be an activator of AR and thus exhibits potential as a novel target for prostate carcinoma treatment.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cen L, Liu R, Liu W, Li Q, Cui H. Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Glioma. Front Genet 2021; 12:675498. [PMID: 33995499 PMCID: PMC8117106 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.675498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and malignant primary brain tumors. Various hallmarks of glioma, including sustained proliferation, migration, invasion, heterogeneity, radio- and chemo-resistance, contribute to the dismal prognosis of patients with high-grade glioma. Dysregulation of cancer driver genes is a leading cause for these glioma hallmarks. In recent years, a new mechanism of post-transcriptional gene regulation was proposed, i.e., "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)." Long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and transcribed pseudogenes act as ceRNAs to regulate the expression of related genes by sponging the shared microRNAs. Moreover, coding RNA can also exert a regulatory role, independent of its protein coding function, through the ceRNA mechanism. In the latest glioma research, various studies have reported that dysregulation of certain ceRNA regulatory networks (ceRNETs) accounts for the abnormal expression of cancer driver genes and the establishment of glioma hallmarks. These achievements open up new avenues to better understand the hidden aspects of gliomas and provide new biomarkers and potential efficient targets for glioma treatment. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge about the concept and logic of ceRNET and highlight the emerging roles of some recently found ceRNETs in glioma progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruochen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Psychology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Y, Hou S, Jiang R, Sun J, Cheng C, Qian Z. EZH2 is a potential prognostic predictor of glioma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:925-936. [PMID: 33277782 PMCID: PMC7812280 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is a histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferase that promotes tumorigenesis in a variety of human malignancies by altering the expression of tumour suppressor genes. To evaluate the prognostic value of EZH2 in glioma, we analysed gene expression data and corresponding clinicopathological information from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, the Cancer Genome Atlas and GTEx. Increased expression of EZH2 was significantly associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival as evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed an association of EZH2 expression with the cell cycle, DNA replication, mismatch repair, p53 signalling and pyrimidine metabolism. We constructed a nomogram for prognosis prediction with EZH2, clinicopathologic variables and significantly correlated genes. EZH2 was demonstrated to be significantly associated with several immune checkpoints and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE and Timer Database scores indicated correlation of EZH2 expression with a more immunosuppressive microenvironment for glioblastoma than for low grade glioma. Overall, our study demonstrates that expression of EZH2 is a potential prognostic molecular marker of poor survival in glioma and identifies signalling pathways and immune checkpoints regulated by EHZ2, suggesting a direction for future application of immune therapy in glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐nan Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shi‐qiang Hou
- Department of NeurosurgeryChuzhou Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityThe First People's Hospital ChuzhouChuzhouChina
| | - Rui Jiang
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair and Department of NeurosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jun‐long Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji HosipitalShanghaiChina
| | - Chuan‐dong Cheng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Zhong‐run Qian
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Signaling Pathways in Glioma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:2360-2363. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
9
|
Long N, Chu L, Jia J, Peng S, Gao Y, Yang H, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Liu J. CircPOSTN/miR-361-5p/TPX2 axis regulates cell growth, apoptosis and aerobic glycolysis in glioma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:374. [PMID: 32774168 PMCID: PMC7409503 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most primary central nervous system tumor in adults. The 5 year survival rate for glioma patients remains poor, although treatment strategies had improved in the past few decades. The cumulative studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) is associated with glioma process, so the purpose of this study is to clarify the function of circPOSTN in glioma. Methods The expression levels of circPOSTN, miR-361-5p, and targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) were assessed with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays were executed to examine proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells, respectively. Western blot was applied to assess protein expression. The glucose metabolism of glioma cells was analyzed by testing the glucose consumption, lactate production, ATP level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and performing Seahorse XF assay. The interaction relationship between miR-361-5p and circPOSTN or TPX2 was analyzed by bioinformatics database and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The influences of circPOSTN silencing in vivo were observed by a xenograft experiment. Results CircPOSTN was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cells. Absence of circPOSTN in glioma cells promoted apoptosis while impeded proliferation and aerobic glycolysis, which were mitigated by silencing miR-361-5p. What’s more, loss-of-functional experiment suggested that knockdown of TPX2 repressed proliferation and aerobic glycolysis, while induced apoptosis in glioma cells. In addition, circPOSTN targetedly regulated TPX2 expression in glioma cells via sponging miR-361-5p. In vivo study revealed that deficiency of circPOSTN restrained tumor growth. Conclusion Mechanistically, circPOSTN regulated cell growth, apoptosis, and aerobic glycolysis in glioma through miR-361-5p/TPX2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niya Long
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, (Guizhou Medical University) Ministry of Education, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Liangzhao Chu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| | - Yaoming Yang
- Department of Biology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, (Guizhou Medical University) Ministry of Education, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, (Guizhou Medical University) Ministry of Education, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu J, Liang H, Khilji S, Li H, Song D, Chen C, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhao N, Li X, Gao A. Moxidectin induces Cytostatic Autophagic Cell Death of Glioma Cells through inhibiting the AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathway. J Cancer 2020; 11:5802-5811. [PMID: 32913473 PMCID: PMC7477456 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Moxidectin (MOX), a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, has been characterized as a potential anti-glioma agent. The main objective of this study was to explore autophagy induced by MOX in glioma U251 and C6 cells, and the deep underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, the effects of autophagy on apoptosis in glioma cells were tested. Autophagy was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence, western blot and immunohistochemistry. Cell viability was detected with MTT and colony formation assay. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Additonally, autophagy inhibition was achieved by using 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ). U251-derived xenografts were established for examination of MOX-induced autophagy on glioma in vivo. Firstly, our research found that MOX stimulated autophagy of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Secondly, we found that MOX induced autophagy by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Thirdly, inhibition of autophagy could reduce apoptosis in MOX-treated glioma cells. Finally, MOX induced autophagy, and autophagy increased the apoptosis effect of MOX on U251 in vivo. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that MOX can induce autophagy in glioma cells, and autophagy could increase MOX-induced apoptosis through inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. These findings provided a new prospect for the application of MOX and a novel targeted therapy for the treatment of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongsheng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Saadia Khilji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haitao Li
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dandan Song
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xina Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Aili Gao
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gu X, Yao X, Liu D. Up-regulation of microRNA-335-5p reduces inflammation via negative regulation of the TPX2-mediated AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway in a chronic rhinosinusitis mouse model. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109596. [PMID: 32156642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is featured with chronic symptoms of inflammation or infection in the nasal and sinus tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), such as dysregulated expression of miR-125b and miR-26a, has been previously demonstrated to be related to CRS. The present study is intended to define the role of miR-335-5p in inflammation and the related mechanism in a mouse model of CRS. The differentially expressed genes associated with CRS were screened by microarray analysis. The targeting relationship between miR-335-5p and TPX2 was analyzed by target prediction program and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The mouse model of CRS was established, and mice were introduced with miR-335-5p mimics, miR-335-5p inhibitors, or siRNA against TPX2 to explore the regulatory functions of miR-335-5p. The regulatory effect of miR-335-5p on inflammation with the involvement of the AKT signaling pathway was also analyzed with the expression of inflammatory cytokines and AKT signaling pathway-related factors measured. It was indicated that miR-335-5p regulated the TPX2 gene-mediated AKT signaling pathway. TPX2 was identified as a target gene of miR-335-5p, and miR-335-5p elevation inhibited the activation of the AKT signaling pathway. In mice with CRS, up-regulation of miR-335-5p or silence of TPX2 inhibited the inflammation, as evidenced by decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and higher levels of GSK3β and IL-10. Collectively, miR-335-5p inhibits the activation of AKT signaling pathway by negatively mediating TPX2, which may confer anti-inflammatory protection in CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gu
- Department of E.N.T, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Xiaocui Yao
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Dengtao Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
TPX2 as a Novel Prognostic Indicator and Promising Therapeutic Target in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 19:450-455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
13
|
Johnston WL, Catton CN, Swallow CJ. Unbiased data mining identifies cell cycle transcripts that predict non-indolent Gleason score 7 prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2019; 19:4. [PMID: 30616540 PMCID: PMC6322345 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-018-0433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma are typically classified as at low, intermediate, or high risk of disease progression using blood prostate-specific antigen concentration, tumour T category, and tumour pathological Gleason score. Classification is used to both predict clinical outcome and to inform initial management. However, significant heterogeneity is observed in outcome, particularly within the intermediate risk group, and there is an urgent need for additional markers to more accurately hone risk prediction. Recently developed web-based visualization and analysis tools have facilitated rapid interrogation of large transcriptome datasets, and querying broadly across multiple large datasets should identify predictors that are widely applicable. METHODS We used camcAPP, cBioPortal, CRN, and NIH NCI GDC Data Portal to data mine publicly available large prostate cancer datasets. A test set of biomarkers was developed by identifying transcripts that had: 1) altered abundance in prostate cancer, 2) altered expression in patients with Gleason score 7 tumours and biochemical recurrence, 3) correlation of expression with time until biochemical recurrence across three datasets (Cambridge, Stockholm, MSKCC). Transcripts that met these criteria were then examined in a validation dataset (TCGA-PRAD) using univariate and multivariable models to predict biochemical recurrence in patients with Gleason score 7 tumours. RESULTS Twenty transcripts met the test criteria, and 12 were validated in TCGA-PRAD Gleason score 7 patients. Ten of these transcripts remained prognostic in Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7, a sub-group of Gleason score 7 patients typically considered at a lower risk for poor outcome and often not targeted for aggressive management. All transcripts positively associated with recurrence encode or regulate mitosis and cell cycle-related proteins. The top performer was BUB1, one of four key MIR145-3P microRNA targets upregulated in hormone-sensitive as well as castration-resistant PCa. SRD5A2 converts testosterone to its more active form and was negatively associated with biochemical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Unbiased mining of large patient datasets identified 12 transcripts that independently predicted disease recurrence risk in Gleason score 7 prostate cancer. The mitosis and cell cycle proteins identified are also implicated in progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer, revealing a pivotal role for loss of cell cycle control in the latter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy L Johnston
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Charles N Catton
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carol J Swallow
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shergalis A, Bankhead A, Luesakul U, Muangsin N, Neamati N. Current Challenges and Opportunities in Treating Glioblastoma. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:412-445. [PMID: 29669750 PMCID: PMC5907910 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, has a high mortality rate despite extensive efforts to develop new treatments. GBM exhibits both intra- and intertumor heterogeneity, lending to resistance and eventual tumor recurrence. Large-scale genomic and proteomic analysis of GBM tumors has uncovered potential drug targets. Effective and “druggable” targets must be validated to embark on a robust medicinal chemistry campaign culminating in the discovery of clinical candidates. Here, we review recent developments in GBM drug discovery and delivery. To identify GBM drug targets, we performed extensive bioinformatics analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas project. We discovered 20 genes, BOC, CLEC4GP1, ELOVL6, EREG, ESR2, FDCSP, FURIN, FUT8-AS1, GZMB, IRX3, LITAF, NDEL1, NKX3-1, PODNL1, PTPRN, QSOX1, SEMA4F, TH, VEGFC, and C20orf166AS1 that are overexpressed in a subpopulation of GBM patients and correlate with poor survival outcomes. Importantly, nine of these genes exhibit higher expression in GBM versus low-grade glioma and may be involved in disease progression. In this review, we discuss these proteins in the context of GBM disease progression. We also conducted computational multi-parameter optimization to assess the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of small molecules in clinical trials for GBM treatment. Drug delivery in the context of GBM is particularly challenging because the BBB hinders small molecule transport. Therefore, we discuss novel drug delivery methods, including nanoparticles and prodrugs. Given the aggressive nature of GBM and the complexity of targeting the central nervous system, effective treatment options are a major unmet medical need. Identification and validation of biomarkers and drug targets associated with GBM disease progression present an exciting opportunity to improve treatment of this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shergalis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.S., U.L., N.N.); Biostatistics Department and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.B.); and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (U.L., N.M.)
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.S., U.L., N.N.); Biostatistics Department and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.B.); and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (U.L., N.M.)
| | - Urarika Luesakul
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.S., U.L., N.N.); Biostatistics Department and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.B.); and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (U.L., N.M.)
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.S., U.L., N.N.); Biostatistics Department and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.B.); and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (U.L., N.M.)
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.S., U.L., N.N.); Biostatistics Department and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (A.B.); and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (U.L., N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang J, He D, Yang P, He J, Zhang Y. Genome-wide expression profiling of glioblastoma using a large combined cohort. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15104. [PMID: 30305647 PMCID: PMC6180049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs), are the most common intrinsic brain tumors in adults and are almost universally fatal. Despite the progresses made in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation over the past decades, the prognosis of patients with GBM remained poor and the average survival time of patients suffering from GBM was still short. Discovering robust gene signatures toward better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms leading to GBM is an important prerequisite to the identification of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, a comprehensive study of genome-scale mRNA expression data by combining GBM and normal tissue samples from 48 studies was performed. The 147 robust gene signatures were identified to be significantly differential expression between GBM and normal samples, among which 100 (68%) genes were reported to be closely associated with GBM in previous publications. Moreover, function annotation analysis based on these 147 robust DEGs showed certain deregulated gene expression programs (e.g., cell cycle, immune response and p53 signaling pathway) were associated with GBM development, and PPI network analysis revealed three novel hub genes (RFC4, ZWINT and TYMS) play important role in GBM development. Furthermore, survival analysis based on the TCGA GBM data demonstrated 38 robust DEGs significantly affect the prognosis of GBM in OS (p < 0.05). These findings provided new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying GBM and suggested the 38 robust DEGs could be potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.,Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dian He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Pingrong Yang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Junquan He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China. .,Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang G, Chen Q, Xiao J, Zhang H, Wang Z, Lin X. Identification of genes and analysis of prognostic values in nonsmoking females with non-small cell lung carcinoma by bioinformatics analyses. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4287-4295. [PMID: 30349363 PMCID: PMC6183654 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was performed to identify disease-related genes and analyze prognostic values in nonsmoking females with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Materials and methods Gene expression profile GSE19804 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed by using GEO2R. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were used for the functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Then, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes, Cytoscape, and Molecular Complex Detection were used to construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and identify hub genes. Finally, the Kaplan–Meier plotter online tool was used for the overall survival analysis of hub genes. Results A cohort of 699 differentially expressed genes was screened, and they were mainly enriched in the terms of ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and cell adhesion molecules. A PPI network was constructed, and 15 hub genes were identified base on the subset of PPI network. Then, two significant modules were detected and several genes were found to be associated with the cell cycle pathway. Finally, nine hub genes’ (UBE2C, DLGAP5, TPX2, CCNB2, BIRC5, KIF20A, TOP2A, GNG11, and ANXA1) expressions were found to be associated with the prognosis of the patients. Conclusion Overall, we propose that the cell cycle pathway may play an important role in nonsmoking females with NSCLC and the nine hub genes may be further explored as potential targets for NSCLC diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Yang
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou (BoJi-Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Qianya Chen
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou (BoJi-Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Jieming Xiao
- Department of Emergency, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou (BoJi-Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou (BoJi-Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Zengcheng District People's Hospital of Guangzhou (BoJi-Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, China,
| | - Xiangan Lin
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zou J, Huang RY, Jiang FN, Chen DX, Wang C, Han ZD, Liang YX, Zhong WD. Overexpression of TPX2 is associated with progression and prognosis of prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2823-2832. [PMID: 30127868 PMCID: PMC6096215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) activates Aurora kinase A during mitosis and targets its activity to the mitotic spindle, serving an important role in mitosis. It has been associated with different types of cancer and is considered to promote tumor growth. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of TPX2 in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It was identified that TPX2 expression in PCa tissues was increased compared with benign prostate tissues. Microarray analysis demonstrated that TPX2 was positively associated with the Gleason score, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, clinicopathological stage, metastasis, overall survival and biochemical relapse-free survival. In vitro studies revealed that the high expression of TPX2 in PCa cells improved proliferative, invasive and migratory abilities, and repressed apoptosis of the PCa cells, without affecting tolerance to docetaxel. The results suggested that TPX2 serves as a tumorigenesis-promoting gene in PCa, and a potential therapeutic target for patients with PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Yan Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography and Electrocardiograms, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Neng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - De-Xiong Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Dong Han
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Liang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wei-De Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tian Y, Liu LL, Guo DM, Wang Y, Zha WH, Li Y, Wu FJ. TPX2 gene silencing inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through negative regulation of AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7540-7555. [PMID: 29904936 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Accumulated studies have revealed that targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) was tightly associated with the development and progression of OC. The present study further determined a novel mechanism of TPX2 in OC via the AKT signaling pathway. The differentially expressed genes were screened in GEO database for gene expression microarray of OC. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the key differentially expressed genes in OC. We prepared CD133/1+ OC stem cells. Then cells were treated with TPX2-1 siRNA and perifcsine to explore the correlation of TPX2 and the AKT signaling pathway. We determined the expression of TPX2, AKT, Pl3 K, PTEN, caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in OC cells. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis rate were respectively measured using MTT and EdU assays, Transwell assay, Scratch test, and flow cytometry. Xenograft tumor in nude mice was used to determine the effect of TPX2 in OC cells in vitro. Initially, TPX2 overexpression was observed in OC, and TPX2 mediated the effect of the AKT signaling pathway in OC. TPX2 knockdown decreased expression of AKT, Pl3 K, and Bcl-2, and the extent of AKT phosphorylation, but increased expression of PTEN, Caspase-3, and Bax. Furthermore, TPX2 knockdown suppressed OC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but promoted OC cell apoptosis. Taken together, TPX2 silencing negatively regulates the AKT signaling pathway by which OC cell proliferation was inhibited yet cell apoptosis was accelerated, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach to OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Lian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Zha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Ju Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen H, Liu L, Li X, Shi Y, Liu N. MicroRNA-1294 inhibits the proliferation and enhances the chemosensitivity of glioma to temozolomide via the direct targeting of TPX2. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:291-301. [PMID: 29511599 PMCID: PMC5835696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-1294 (miR-1294) has been reported to be involved in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the function and the mechanisms of miR-1294 in glioma remain unclear. In this study, we explore the potential biological roles of miR-1294 in glioma cell lines. First, we detected the aberrant down-regulation of miR-1294 in glioma tissues and cell lines. Second, we determined that miR-1294 suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasiveness and enhances the chemosensitivity of glioma cells lines to temozolomide. Third, we found that the targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) is the functional target of miR-1294; miR-1294 acts through TPX2 to exert an important biological effect in glioma. Importantly, TPX2 knockdown had the same effect on glioma cell lines as miR-1294 overexpression. In addition, when TPX2 was up-regulated in these cells, the effects of miR-1294 on glioma cell lines were suppressed. Moreover, the effect of miR-1294 on glioma was verified using a xenograft model. These findings demonstrated that miR-1294 inhibits the development of glioma by targeting TPX2. These findings provide a new potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Children’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fan S, Liao Y, Liu C, Huang Q, Liang H, Ai B, Fu S, Zhou S. Estrogen promotes tumor metastasis via estrogen receptor beta-mediated regulation of matrix-metalloproteinase-2 in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56443-56459. [PMID: 28915603 PMCID: PMC5593574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), estrogen significantly promotes NSCLC cell growth via estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). However, the effects by which ERβ contributes to metastasis in NSCLC have not been previously reported. This study aims at defining whether the stimulation of ERβ promotes NSCLC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Here, Our results showed that estrogen and ERβ agonist enhanced aggressiveness of two lung cancer cell lines (A549 and H1793) and promoted murine lung metastasis formation. ER-inhibitor Fulvestrant treatment or ERβ-knockdown significantly suppressed the migration, invasion and nodule formation of NSCLC cells. The expression level of ERβ protein was analyzed in matched samples of metastatic lymph node and primary tumor tissues from the same individuals, and we found significantly higher levels of ERβ were expressed in lymph node compared to primary tumor tissues. Moreover, Studies on both surgical biopsies and on lung cancer cells revealed that the expression level of ERβ and matrix-metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were associated. Furthermore, inhibition of ERβ resulted in down-regulation of MMP-2 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that activation of ERβ in lung cancer cells promotes tumor metastasis through increasing expression of invasiveness-associated MMP-2. These results also highlight the therapeutic potential of inhibition of ERβin the treatment of advanced NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yongde Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Changyu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Quanfu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bo Ai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shegnling Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|