1
|
Lei C, Yu Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Ma C, Ding L, Han L, Zhang H. The most recent progress of baicalein in its anti-neoplastic effects and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116862. [PMID: 38850656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Problems, such as toxic side effects and drug resistance of chemoradiotherapy, target therapy and immunotherapy accompanying the current anti-cancer treatments, have become bottlenecks limiting the clinical benefit for patients. Therefore, it is urgent to find promising anti-cancer strategies with higher efficacy and lesser side effects. Baicalein, a flavonoid component derived from the Chinese medicine scutellaria baicalensis, has been widely studied for its remarkable anti-cancer activity in multiple types of malignancies both at the molecular and cellular levels. Baicalein exerts its anti-tumor effects by inhibiting angiogenesis, invasion and migration, inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, as well as regulating cell autophagy, metabolism, the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells with no obvious toxic side effects. The role of classic signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT3, MMP-2/-9, have been highlighted as the major targets for baicalein exerting its anti-malignant potential. Besides, baicalein can regulate the relevant non-coding RNAs, such as lncRNAs, miRNAs and circ-RNAs, to inhibit tumorigenesis and progression. In addition to the mentioned commonalities, baicalein shows some specific anti-tumor characteristics in some specific cancer types. Moreover, the preclinical studies of the combination of baicalein and chemoradiotherapy pave the way ahead for developing baicalein as an adjunct treatment with chemoradiotherapy. Our aim is to summary the role of baicalein in different types of cancer with its mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, hoping providing proof for baicalein serving as an effective and safe compound for cancer treatment in clinic in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Lei
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yaya Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yanjuan Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Changju Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lina Ding
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ling Han
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernasinska-Slomczewska J, Hikisz P, Pieniazek A, Koceva-Chyla A. Baicalin and Baicalein Enhance Cytotoxicity, Proapoptotic Activity, and Genotoxicity of Doxorubicin and Docetaxel in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2503. [PMID: 38893380 PMCID: PMC11173533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major health concern and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Standard treatment often involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these come with side effects and limitations. Researchers are exploring natural compounds like baicalin and baicalein, derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis plant, as potential complementary therapies. This study investigated the effects of baicalin and baicalein on the cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and genotoxic activity of doxorubicin and docetaxel, commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer. The analysis included breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human endothelial cells (HUVEC-ST), to assess potential effects on healthy tissues. We have found that baicalin and baicalein demonstrated cytotoxicity towards both cell lines, with more potent effects observed in baicalein. Both flavonoids, baicalin (167 µmol/L) and baicalein (95 µmol/L), synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and genotoxic activity of doxorubicin and docetaxel in breast cancer cells. In comparison, their effects on endothelial cells were mixed and depended on concentration and time. The results suggest that baicalin and baicalein might be promising complementary agents to improve the efficacy of doxorubicin and docetaxel anticancer activity. However, further research is needed to validate their safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bernasinska-Slomczewska
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Pawel Hikisz
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Pieniazek
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Aneta Koceva-Chyla
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Str., 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Yi Z, Li M, Zhu Z. Baicalein improves the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer through regulation of CirSLC7A6. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:212. [PMID: 37940982 PMCID: PMC10631197 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate whether baicalein improves the sensitivity of resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin. METHODS Transcriptomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to screen differentially expressed CirSLC7A6 in A2780 and A2780/CDDP cells. RT-qPCR was performed to examine the expression levels of CirSLC7A6, miR-2682-5p, and SLC7A6. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion were analyzed using wound healing and Transwell assays. Cell suspensions were inoculated into the subcutaneous tissues of the bilateral interscapular region of nude mice. Saline, cisplatin, baicalein and cisplatin plus baicalein were intraperitoneally injected to observe the effects on tumor growth. Toxicity analyses in the liver and kidney were performed using H&E staining. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of CirSLC7A6, miR-2682-5p, and SLC7A6 in tumor tissues, and western blot analysis was carried out to measure protein expression levels. RESULTS CirSLC7A6 was markedly upregulated in A2780/CDDP cells compared with the A2780 cells. CirSLC7A6 knockdown notably increased the expression of miR-2682-5p and decreased SLC7A6 expression. The rates of inhibition and apoptosis in the group treated with a combination of cisplatin and baicalein were significantly higher than those of the cisplatin and baicalein groups of A2780/CDDP shCirSLC7A6 cells. In A2780/CDDP shCirSLC7A6 cells, migration and invasion were significantly higher in the cisplatin and baicalein groups, compared with the combined treatment group. In the A2780/CDDP shCirSLC7A6 cell xenograft, the tumor weight of the combined treatment group was significantly lower than that of the cisplatin and baicalein groups. In addition, the combination of cisplatin and baicalein did not induce higher levels of toxicity in the liver or kidney. Baicalein alone and in combination with cisplatin notably reduced the expression of CirSLC7A6 and SLC7A6, and increased the expression of miR-2682-5p in the A2780/CDDP shCirSLC7A6 cell xenograft. In A2780/CDDP shCirSLC7A6 cells, the expression levels of P-Akt, P-mTOR, P-Erk, Bcl-2 and MMP2 were lower in the combined treatment group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with baicalein improved the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin and inhibited cell proliferation, metastasis and tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhihui Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Mingqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Zhiling Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boonyasuppayakorn S, Saelee T, Huynh TNT, Hairani R, Hengphasatporn K, Loeanurit N, Cao V, Vibulakhaophan V, Siripitakpong P, Kaur P, Chu JJH, Tunghirun C, Choksupmanee O, Chimnaronk S, Shigeta Y, Rungrotmongkol T, Chavasiri W. The 8-bromobaicalein inhibited the replication of dengue, and Zika viruses and targeted the dengue polymerase. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4891. [PMID: 36966240 PMCID: PMC10039358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue and Zika viruses are mosquito-borne flaviviruses burdening millions every year with hemorrhagic fever and neurological symptoms. Baicalein was previously reported as a potential anti-flaviviral candidate and halogenation of flavones and flavanones potentiated their antiviral efficacies. Here, we reported that a chemically modified 8-bromobaicalein effectively inhibited all dengue serotypes and Zika viruses at 0.66-0.88 micromolar in cell-based system. The compound bound to dengue serotype 2 conserved pocket and inhibited the dengue RdRp activity with 6.93 fold more than the original baicalein. Moreover, the compound was mildly toxic against infant and adult C57BL/6 mice despite administering continuously for 7 days. Therefore, the 8-bromobaicalein should be investigated further in pharmacokinetics and efficacy in an animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Thanaphon Saelee
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thao Nguyen Thanh Huynh
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rita Hairani
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kowit Hengphasatporn
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naphat Loeanurit
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Van Cao
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Graduate School, Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vipanee Vibulakhaophan
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Panattida Siripitakpong
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Medicine BSL3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chairat Tunghirun
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Opas Choksupmanee
- The Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sarin Chimnaronk
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sisin NNT, Rahman WN. Potentials of Bismuth-Based Nanoparticles and Baicalein Natural Compounds as Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy: a Review. BIONANOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
6
|
Xu F, Zhang J, Ji L, Cui W, Cui J, Tang Z, Sun N, Zhang G, Guo M, Liu B, Dong J. Inhibition of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Ferroptosis and Apoptosis Induction through P53 and GSK-3β/Nrf2 Signal Pathways using Qingrehuoxue Formula. J Cancer 2023; 14:336-349. [PMID: 36860928 PMCID: PMC9969584 DOI: 10.7150/jca.79465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of Qingrehuoxue Formula (QRHXF) on NSCLC and its underlying mechanisms. Nude mouse model of subcutaneous tumors was established. QRHXF and erastin were administered orally and intraperitoneally, respectively. Mice's body weight and subcutaneous tumor volumes were measured. The effects of QRHXF on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor-associated angiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed. Importantly, we also analysed the anti-NSCLC of QRHXF form the aspect of ferroptosis and apoptosis and investigate its underlying mechanisms. The safety of QRHXF in mice was also evaluated. QRHXF slowed down the speed of tumor growth and visibly inhibited tumor growth. The expression levels of CD31, VEGFA, MMP2 and MMP9 were prominently suppressed by QRHXF. Furthermore, QRHXF appeared to remarkably inhibite cell proliferation and EMT by decreasing Ki67, N-cadherin and vimentin expression but elevating E-cadherin expression. There were more apoptotic cells in QRHXF group's tumor tissues, and QRHXF treatment increased BAX and cleaved-caspased 3 levels but decreased Bcl-2 levels. QRHXF significantly increased the accumulation of ROS, Fe2+, H2O2, and MDA while reduced GSH levels. SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein levels were considerably suppressed by QRHXF treatment. Moreover, QRHXF triggered ultrastructural changes in the mitochondria of tumor cells. The levels of p53 and p-GSK-3β were upregulated, whereas that of Nrf2 was downregulated in the groups treated with QRHXF. QRHXF displayed no toxicity in mice. QRHXF activated ferroptosis and apoptosis to suppress NSCLC cell progression via p53 and GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 250014, Jinan, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lingyun Ji
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ning Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Minghao Guo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Baojun Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Jingcheng Dong, Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, Tel: +86-021-52888301, E-mail: ; Baojun Liu, Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, Tel: +86-021-52889999, E-mail:
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Jingcheng Dong, Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, Tel: +86-021-52888301, E-mail: ; Baojun Liu, Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, Tel: +86-021-52889999, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kharouba M, El-Kamel A, Mehanna R, Thabet E, Heikal L. Pitavastatin-loaded bilosomes for oral treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a repurposing approach. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2925-2944. [PMID: 36081339 PMCID: PMC9467608 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2120925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Albeit its established efficacy as an anti-hyperlipidemic agent, pitavastatin (PIT) has been shown to have other various therapeutic effects. One of these effects is the anti-cancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This effect has been evaluated in this study for the first time via its oral delivery loaded in bilosomes both in vitro in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line; HepG2 and in vivo in an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model. Moreover, the impact of surface modification of bilosomes with lactoferrin (LF) as an active targeting ligand for HCC was investigated. Bilosomes were prepared by thin-film hydration and different molar phospholipid to bile salt ratios were used to optimize the bilosomal formulation. The molar phospholipid to bile salt ratio was adjusted to 4:1 at pH 7.4. LF-coated bilosomes possessed a particle size, PDI, entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential of 112.28 nm ± 6.35, 0.229 ± 0.06, 90.56% ± 3.22, and −7.86 mV ± 1.13, respectively. LF-coated bilosomes also increased permeation of PIT when tested on Caco-2 cells by 3.1-folds (compared to uncoated ones or free PIT solution). It also improved the cytotoxicity of HepG2 spheroids 44-folds more than PIT-free solution. RT-PCR analysis showed that LF-coated PIT-loaded bilosomes caused an improvement (2-fold increase) in the apoptotic potential of PIT mediated by caspase-3. In conclusion, the optimized LF-coated PIT-loaded bilosomes were cytotoxic to HCC with improved hepatocytes permeation and cellular uptake. Thus, the proposed formula could be a promising treatment for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maged Kharouba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal El-Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lamia Heikal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang L, Feng T, Su Z, Pi C, Wei Y, Zhao L. Latest research progress on anticancer effect of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:535-557. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
9
|
Chandrashekar N, Pandi A. Baicalein: A review on its anti-cancer effects and mechanisms in lung carcinoma. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14230. [PMID: 35543192 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived flavonoids are reported to function as potential anti-cancer agents against different types of cancer. Baicalein (BE) is an important flavonoid found in the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis that is popularly used in Chinese medicine as an ingredient in herbal tea preparations to promote wellness. BE has been studied for its several biological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties. BE has now been discovered to be an effective agent against lung neoplasm. The molecular factors supporting baicalein's anti-cancer activity against lung cancer and its value to human health are discussed in this article. This would help in identifying BE as a promising competent drug against lung carcinoma. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Baicalein is a flavonoid obtained from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis. It has been widely used as an antioxidant, anti-inflam5matory, anti-hepatotoxic, antiviral, and anti-cancer agent. Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world with a high fatality rate. Several studies have found that Baicalein is an important candidate for treating lung cancer. Its mechanism of action includes regulation of cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. Baicalein could be used as a novel anti-cancer drug for the treatment of lung carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anandakumar Pandi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The effects of bismuth oxide nanoparticles and cisplatin on MCF-7 breast cancer cells irradiated with Ir-192 High Dose Rate brachytherapy. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
11
|
XIN X, WANG G, HAN R, JIANG Y, LIU C, LIU L, XU Z. Mechanism underlying the effect of Liujunzi decoction on advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer in patients after first-line chemotherapy. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2022; 42:108-115. [PMID: 35294130 PMCID: PMC10164627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To further clarify the anticancer mechanisms of Liujunzi decoction and provide possible targets for the treatment of advanced-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by re-analyzing differential gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Liujunzi decoctiontreated NSCLC patients receiving first-line chemotherapy. METHODS The PBMC gene expression microarray data set GSE61926 was retrieved from a high throughput gene expression database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by paired sample t-test and the multiple ratio method. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed using the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using interaction gene library retrieval tools and Cytoscape software. RESULTS A total of 162 DEGs were identified, with 67 upregulated genes and 95 downregulated genes. The functional distribution of Gene Oncology (GO) genes showed that DEGs were mostly concentrated in extracellular regions, calcium ion binding, and transcriptase activity. KEGG pathway analysis showed that cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions were significantly enriched. PPI network analysis screened out the top 10 central protein-coding genes with the highest nodal degree: IL2, PIWIL4, DICER1, PIWIL2, SAA1, XCL1, IL22RA1, ARHGAP11A, DCP1A, and GDNF. Among them, the central protein-coding gene with the highest node degree was IL2. In addition, the central protein-coding genes with high node degrees and high molecular complex detection (MCODE) scores were PIWIL4, DICER1, PIWIL2, and DCP1A, all of which are related to tumor development. CONCLUSIONS One signaling pathway and 10 central protein-coding genes related to anticancer mechanisms were screened by re-analysis of GSE61926 data. IL2, PIWIL4, DICER1, PIWIL2, and DCP1A may have important roles in the mechanism of Liujunzi decoction treatment against NSCLC. Our results suggest that the anticancer mechanism of Liujunzi decoction may be related to gene silencing by RNA and the biological processes of piwi-interacting RNA and other small RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli XIN
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guodong WANG
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Ru HAN
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi JIANG
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang LIU
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingshuang LIU
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenye XU
- 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiang L, Gao Y, Chen S, Sun J, Wu J, Meng X. Therapeutic potential of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in lung cancer therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153727. [PMID: 34535372 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer associated mortalities. The current conventional chemotherapy remains the preferred treatment option for lung cancer, as surgical resection plays little role in the treatment of over 75% of lung cancer patients. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel potential therapeutic drugs or adjuvants with a high efficiency and safety against lung cancer. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a common Chinese medicinal herb that has been in use for more than 2000 years, has recently been shown to possess significant activities against lung cancer. However, current research progress on pharmacological effects and relevant molecular mechanisms of S. baicalensis in lung cancer therapy have not been systematically summarized. PURPOSE This review aimed at elucidating on the anti-lung cancer mechanisms and antitumor efficacies of S. baicalensis as well as its active ingredients, and providing a valuable reference for further investigation in this field. METHODS We used "Scutellaria baicalensis" or the name of the compound in S. baicalensis, in combination with "lung cancer" as key words to systematically search for relevant literature from the Web of Science and PubMed databases. Publications that investigated molecular mechanisms were the only ones selected for analysis. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. RESULTS Fifty-four publications met the inclusion criteria for this study. Five anti-lung cancer mechanisms of S. baicalensis and its constituent components are discussed. These mechanisms include apoptosis induction, cell-cycle arrest, suppression of proliferation, blockade of invasion and metastasis, and overcoming drug-resistance. These compounds exhibited high antitumor efficacies and safety against lung cancer xenografts. CONCLUSION Studies should aim at elucidating on the anti-cancer mechanisms of S. baicalensis to achieve the ultimate goal of lung cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Antitumor and apoptotic effects of new-generation platinum compounds on human leukemia cell lines HL-60 and K562. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Yu C, Wang Z, Sun Z, Zhang L, Zhang W, Xu Y, Zhang JJ. Platinum-Based Combination Therapy: Molecular Rationale, Current Clinical Uses, and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13397-13412. [PMID: 32813515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Platinum drugs are common in chemotherapy, but their clinical applications have been limited due to drug resistance and severe toxic effects. The combination of platinum drugs with other drugs with different mechanisms of anticancer action, especially checkpoint inhibitors, is increasingly popular. This combination is the leading strategy to improve the therapeutic efficiency and minimize the side effects of platinum drugs. In this review, we focus on the mechanistic basis of the combinations of platinum-based drugs with other drugs to inspire the development of more promising platinum-based combination regimens in clinical trials as well as novel multitargeting platinum drugs overcoming drug resistance and toxicities resulting from current platinum drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zeren Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wanwan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yungen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu L, Zhang M, Wang X, Zhang Y, Chai Z, Ying M, Guan J, Gong W, Zhao Z, Liu L, Hu Y, Lu W, Dong J. Baicalein enhances the antitumor efficacy of docetaxel on nonsmall cell lung cancer in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Phytother Res 2019; 34:104-117. [PMID: 31515889 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The side effects of docetaxel have limited its antitumor performances in the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To address the problem, baicalein, a bioactive flavone that exhibits antitumor activity, was combined with docetaxel so as to achieve better efficacy and lower toxicity. The combination treatment enhanced the stabilization of microtubules and halted the cell-cycle progression, thus synergistically inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of A549 cells and Lewis lung carcinoma cells. The decreased expression of Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 and Cyclin B1 confirmed its regulation in cell cycle, with β-catenin being an important upstream effector, as evidenced by the decreased expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus as well as the attenuated aggregation in the nucleus. Furthermore, baicalein plus docetaxel evinced better antitumor efficacy by the suppressed tumor growth, increased apoptosis, and decreased tumor angiogenesis in vivo, with no increased toxicity discovered in both tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing mice, and an improvement in therapeutic index. This study has demonstrated that baicalein plus docetaxel is an appropriate combination simultaneously with augmented antitumor efficacy and acceptable safety, which might be a promising strategy for patients with advanced NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilan Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Ying
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Gong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengxiao Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lumei Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liau PR, Wu MS, Lee CK. Inhibitory Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Root Extract on Linoleic Acid Hydroperoxide-induced Lung Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112143. [PMID: 31174346 PMCID: PMC6600317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the ability of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi to protect lipid-peroxidation (LPO) in lung tissue after free radical-induced injury. We prepared S. baicalensis root (SBR) extracts using different solvents. The total flavonoid and total phenol contents of each extract were measured, and the ROS damage protection was evaluated by analyzing linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LHP)-induced LPO in rat lung mitochondria. Moreover, evaluating diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging abilities and using metal chelating assays were used to determine in vitro antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract showed high ROS scavenging ability, and four compounds were subsequently isolated and purified from this extract: baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A. Baicalein in rat lung mitochondria the most significant LHP-induced LPO inhibition was shown and extracted with EtOAc that contained the highest amount of baicalein. Thus, baicalein and the EtOAc extract of SBR may be efficient in conferring ROS damage protection and inhibiting LHP-induced LPO in rat lung mitochondria. Additional studies are warranted to investigate their use as antioxidant therapy for respiration infections, nutrition supplements, and lead compounds in pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ru Liau
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ming Shun Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11661, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ching Kuo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lu L, Zhao Z, Liu L, Gong W, Dong J. Combination of baicalein and docetaxel additively inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer in vivo. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900018500131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of the combination of baicalein and docetaxel on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vivo. Methods: The subcutaneous model was established by inoculation of A549 cells, and then these tumor-bearing mice were randomly assigned to eight groups to receive normal saline (NS) as control, baicalein alone, Taxotere[Formula: see text] (docetaxel injection) alone or the combination of baicalein and Taxotere[Formula: see text]. The effect of the combination treatment was evaluated by [Formula: see text] value. Tumors were harvested for TUNEL and CD31 immunohistochemical staining and important organs for H&E staining. Results: Baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg significantly reduced tumor weight and inhibited the growth rate of tumor, displaying the additive effect indicated by the [Formula: see text] value. Increased apoptosis and decreased tumor angiogenesis also provided pathological evidence. Additionally, baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg did not increase toxicity in lung, liver and kidney. Conclusion: Baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg additively inhibits the growth of NSCLC in vivo, and the mechanism underlying remains to be discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lumei Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Gong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
EghbaliFeriz S, Taleghani A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. Scutellaria: Debates on the anticancer property. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1299-1310. [PMID: 30021367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of plants as accessible anticancer agents leads to the identification of many natural source chemotherapeutic agents. Scutellaria one of the popular genus of flowering plants has been used for various human illnesses for thousands of years. Scutellaria has anti-metastatic, anti-proliferative, anti-invasion, anti-angiogenic and apoptosis effects in vitro as well as in vivo. Despite numerous reports on the cytotoxic-antitumor activity of the plant, there are still some issues need further consideration. Issues such as unjustified interpretations, lack of attention to the pharmacokinetics profile and weak study design may affect the final decision about the use of plants as anticancer agents and possibly needs reconsideration. In this review, we have summarized the potential health benefits of Scutellaria and its active components also the underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. Meanwhile we have discussed concerns may interfere with the precise conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira EghbaliFeriz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Taleghani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Song L, Chen X, Wang P, Gao S, Qu C, Liu L. Effects of baicalein on pancreatic cancer stem cells via modulation of sonic Hedgehog pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:586-596. [PMID: 29697746 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in cancer stem cells (CSCs). A seven-herb Chinese medicinal formula composed of Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu, Oldenlandia diffusa (Wild) Roxb, Scutellaria barbata D. Don, Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak and Amomum cardamomum L, i.e. Qingyihuaji (QYHJ) formula, has been shown to inhibit proliferation of pancreatic CSCs by inhibiting Shh signaling pathway and thereby prolong the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that baicalein is one of the major compounds of QYHJ formula. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of Shh pathway in pancreatic cancer and to examine the molecular mechanisms of baicalein involved in pancreatic cancer treatment. We examined the effects of baicalein on pancreatic CSCs both in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that baicalein attenuated the pluripotency of pancreatic CSCs. Then, we investigated the underlying mechanism and found that nuclear transcription factors, such as Sox-2 and Oct-4 as well as members in Shh signaling pathway, e.g. SHH, SMO, and Gli-2, were downregulated after baicalein treatment. Furthermore, silencing Gli-2 expression by small interfering RNA decreased Sox-2 expression and blocked the inhibitory effects of baicalein, suggesting that the effects of baicalein may be mediated through inhibition of Shh pathway. Our results suggested that baicalein, an active compound in QYHJ formula, could suppress the self-renewal of pancreatic CSCs through inhibition of Shh signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Libin Song
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Luming Liu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lu C, Wang H, Chen S, Yang R, Li H, Zhang G. Baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity of A549 and H460 cells via miR-424-3p and targeting PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2478-2487. [PMID: 29392841 PMCID: PMC5867147 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in individuals with malignant disease. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin are the most widely used treatment for this disease. Baicalein is a purified flavonoid compound that has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis and increase sensitization to chemotherapeutic drugs via different pathways. Therefore, we assessed the effects of baicalein on the proliferation, apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in the NSCLC A549 and H460 cell lines and determined the pathways through which baicalein exerts its effects. Baicalein was slightly toxic to normal human bronchial NHBE cells but inhibited growth, induced apoptosis and increased cisplatin sensitivity in A549 and H460 cells. Baicalein down‐regulated miR‐424‐3p, up‐regulated PTEN expression and down‐regulated expression of PI3K and p‐Akt in A549 and H460 cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN is a target gene of miR‐424‐3p, and overexpression of miR‐424‐3p or silencing of PTEN partially attenuated the effects of baicalein on A549 and H460 cells. Taken together, we concluded that baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity to A549 and H460 cells via down‐regulation of miR‐424‐3p and targeting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunya Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|