1
|
Li P, Tai Y, Zhang L, Wang S, Guan Q, Li X, Liu S, Liu M. Mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyaosan in treating hyperplasia of mammary glands based on network pharmacology. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36263. [PMID: 38517996 PMCID: PMC10957003 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilized network pharmacology to investigate the effects of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) on the intervention of hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) by targeting specific genes and signaling pathways. The active ingredients and targets of XYS, which consisted of 8 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), were identified using TCMSP. The gene targets associated with HMG were obtained from the GeneCards Database, and the intersection data between the 2 was integrated. Cytoscape 3.8.1 software was used to construct a network diagram illustrating the relationship between compounds, drug active ingredients, target proteins, and the disease. The protein-protein interaction network diagram was generated using STRING, and the core targets were analyzed. A total of 133 active ingredients in XYS and 7662 active ingredient targets were identified. Among them, 6088 targets were related to HMG, and 542 were common targets between the active ingredients and the disease. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) core network contained 15 targets, with 5 key targets playing a crucial role. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses have indicated that XYS has the potential to treat HMG by interfering with the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Additionally, molecular docking studies have shown excellent binding properties between the drug components and key targets. Thus, this study provides a theoretical foundation for a better understanding of the pharmacological mechanism and clinical application of XYS in the comprehensive treatment of HMG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peizhe Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuxing Tai
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Sixian Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qifan Guan
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lian X, Fan K, Qin X, Liu Y. Amalgamated Pharmacoinformatics Study to Investigate the Mechanism of Xiao Jianzhong Tang against Chronic Atrophic Gastritis. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:598-615. [PMID: 37475552 DOI: 10.2174/1573409919666230720141115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Xiao Jianzhong Tang (XJZ) has a favorable efficacy in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). However, its pharmacological mechanism has not been fully explained. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to find the potential mechanism of XJZ in the treatment of CAG using pharmacocoinformatics approaches. METHODS Network pharmacology was used to screen out the key compounds and key targets, MODELLER and GNNRefine were used to repair and refine proteins, Autodock vina was employed to perform molecular docking, Δ Lin_F9XGB was used to score the docking results, and Gromacs was used to perform molecular dynamics simulations (MD). RESULTS Kaempferol, licochalcone A, and naringenin, were obtained as key compounds, while AKT1, MAPK1, MAPK14, RELA, STAT1, and STAT3 were acquired as key targets. Among docking results, 12 complexes scored greater than five. They were run for 50ns MD. The free binding energy of AKT1-licochalcone A and MAPK1-licochalcone A was less than -15 kcal/mol and AKT1-naringenin and STAT3-licochalcone A was less than -9 kcal/mol. These complexes were crucial in XJZ treating CAG. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that licochalcone A could act on AKT1, MAPK1, and STAT3, and naringenin could act on AKT1 to play the potential therapeutic effect on CAG. The work also provides a powerful approach to interpreting the complex mechanism of TCM through the amalgamation of network pharmacology, deep learning-based protein refinement, molecular docking, machine learning-based binding affinity estimation, MD simulations, and MM-PBSA-based estimation of binding free energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Kaidi Fan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuetao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang SY, Wi K, Yoon G, Lee CJ, Lee SI, Jung JG, Jeong HW, Kim JS, Choi CH, Na CS, Shim JH, Lee MH. Licochalcone D Inhibits Skin Epidermal Cells Transformation through the Regulation of AKT Signaling Pathways. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:682-691. [PMID: 37899745 PMCID: PMC10616519 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transformation induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a critical event in cancer initiation and progression, and understanding the underlying mechanisms is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Licorice extract contains various bioactive compounds, which have been reported to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the cancer preventive efficacy of licochalcone D (LicoD), a chalcone derivative in licorice extract, in EGF and TPA-induced transformed skin keratinocyte cells. LicoD effectively suppressed EGF-induced cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony growth. EGF and TPA promoted the S phase of cell cycle, while LicoD treatment caused G1 phase arrest and down-regulated cyclin D1 and up-regulated p21 expression associated with the G1 phase. LicoD also induced apoptosis and increased apoptosis-related proteins such as cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-7, and Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein). We further investigated the effect of LicoD on the AKT signaling pathway involved in various cellular processes and found decreased p-AKT, p-GSK3β, and p-NFκB expression. Treatment with MK-2206, an AKT pharmacological inhibitor, suppressed EGF-induced cell proliferation and transformed colony growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of LicoD as a preventive agent for skin carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanhwan Wi
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong-In Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-gil Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sang Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Heon Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Su Na
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ansari JA, Malik JA, Ahmed S, Bhat FA, Khanam A, Mir SA, Abouzied AS, Ahemad N, Anwar S. Targeting Breast Cancer Signaling via Phytomedicine and Nanomedicine. Pharmacology 2023; 108:504-520. [PMID: 37748454 DOI: 10.1159/000531802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of breast cancer (BC) and how it responds to treatment have both been linked to the involvement of inflammation. Chronic inflammation is critical in carcinogenesis, leading to elevated DNA damage, impaired DNA repair machinery, cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion. Studies have found several targets that selectively modulate inflammation in cancer, limit BC's growth, and boost treatment effectiveness. Drug resistance and the absence of efficient therapeutics for metastatic and triple-negative BC contribute to the poor outlook of BC patients. SUMMARY To treat BC, small-molecule inhibitors, phytomedicines, and nanoparticles are conjugated to attenuate BC signaling pathways. Due to their numerous target mechanisms and strong safety records, phytomedicines and nanomedicines have received much attention in studies examining their prospects as anti-BC agents by such unfulfilled demands. KEY MESSAGES The processes involved in the affiliation across the progression of tumors and the spread of inflammation are highlighted in this review. Furthermore, we included many drugs now undergoing clinical trials that target cancer-mediated inflammatory pathways, cutting-edge nanotechnology-derived delivery systems, and a variety of phytomedicines that presently address BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeba Ajgar Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Afreen Khanam
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Suhail Ahmad Mir
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Amr S Abouzied
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, MONASH University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Q, Wang SJ, Wang WJ, Ye YC, Ling YQ, Dai YF. PAK4-relevant proliferation reduced by cell autophagy via p53/mTOR/p-AKT signaling. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:461-472. [PMID: 37033362 PMCID: PMC10080326 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) involves in cell proliferation in cancer and mutually regulates with p53, a molecule is demonstrated to control cell autophagy by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling. Since the signaling exhibits an association with PAK family members in cell autophagy, it implies that PAK4-relevant proliferation may be impacted by autophagy via p53 with a lack of evidence in cancer cells. Methods In this research, transient and stable PAK4-knockdown human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2) were constructed by transfection of PAK4-RNA interference (RNAi) plasmid and lentivirus containing PAK4-RNAi plasmid, respectively. We investigated cell proliferation using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assays, cell cycle by flow cytometry (FCM) and cell autophagy by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and autophagic biomarker's expression, and detected the expressions of p53, mTOR, phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) and AKT by immunofluorescence and western blot to explore the mechanism. Results We successfully constructed transient and stable PAK4-knockdown HepG2 cell lines, and detected dysfunction of the cells' proliferation. An increased expression of p53, as a molecule of cell-cycle-surveillance on G1/S phase, was demonstrated in the cells although the cell cycle blocked at G2/M. And then, we detected increased autophagosome and autophagic biomarker LC3-II, and decreased expressions in p-AKT and mTOR. Conclusions The proliferation is reduced in PAK4-knockdown HepG2 cells, which is relative to not only cell cycle arrest but also cell autophagy, and p53/mTOR/p-AKT signaling involves in the cell progress. The findings provide a new mechanism on PAK4 block in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Institute of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Su-Jie Wang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jia Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cai Ye
- Institute of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-Qin Ling
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Fei Dai
- Institute of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng N, Qiao M, Li Y, Liang F, Li J, Liu Y. Anticancer effects of licochalcones: A review of the mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1074506. [PMID: 36755942 PMCID: PMC9900005 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1074506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease with a high fatality rate representing a serious threat to human health. Researchers have tried to identify effective anticancer drugs. Licorice is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological properties, and licorice-derived flavonoids include licochalcones like licochalcone A, licochalcone B, licochalcone C, licochalcone D, licochalcone E, and licochalcone H. By regulating the expression in multiple signaling pathways such as the EGFR/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, p38/JNK, JAK2/STAT3, MEK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, and MKK4/JNK pathways, and their downstream proteins, licochalcones can activate the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor pathway, promote autophagy-related protein expression, inhibit the expression of cell cycle proteins and angiogenesis factors, regulate autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. Among the licochalcones, the largest number of studies examined licochalcone A, far more than other licochalcones. Licochalcone A not only has prominent anticancer effects but also can be used to inhibit the efflux of antineoplastic drugs from cancer cells. Moreover, derivatives of licochalcone A exhibit strong antitumor effects. Currently, most results of the anticancer effects of licochalcones are derived from cell experiments. Thus, more clinical studies are needed to confirm the antineoplastic effects of licochalcones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Deng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Qiao
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyan Liang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yanfeng Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Xiong Y, Shi Y, Deng X, Deng Q, Liu Y, Yu Z, Li D, Zheng J, Li P. In vitro activities of licochalcone A against planktonic cells and biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970901. [PMID: 36338074 PMCID: PMC9634178 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of licochalcone A on Enterococcus faecalis and to investigate the possible target genes of licochalcone A in E. faecalis. This study found that licochalcone A had antibacterial activities against E. faecalis, with the MIC50 and MIC90 were 25 μM. Licochalcone A (at 4 × MIC) indicated a rapid bactericidal effect on E. faecalis planktonic cells, and killed more E. faecalis planktonic cells (at least 3-log10 cfu/ml) than vancomycin, linezolid, or ampicillin at the 2, 4, and 6 h of the time-killing test. Licochalcone A (at 10 × MIC) significantly reduced the production of E. faecalis persister cells (at least 2-log10 cfu/ml) than vancomycin, linezolid, or ampicillin at the 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of the time-killing test. Licochalcone A (at 1/4 × MIC) significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of E. faecalis. The RNA levels of biofilm formation-related genes, agg, esp, and srtA, markedly decreased when the E. faecalis isolates were treated with licochalcone A at 1/4 × MIC for 6 h. To explore the possible target genes of licochalcone A in E. faecalis, the licochalcone A non-sensitive E. faecalis clones were selected in vitro by induction of wildtype strains for about 140 days under the pressure of licochalcone A, and mutations in the possible target genes were detected by whole-genome sequencing. This study found that there were 11 nucleotide mutations leading to nonsynonymous mutations of 8 amino acids, and among these amino acid mutations, there were 3 mutations located in transcriptional regulator genes (MarR family transcriptional regulator, TetR family transcriptional regulator, and MerR family transcriptional regulator). In conclusion, this study found that licochalcone A had an antibacterial effect on E. faecalis, and significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of E. faecalis at subinhibitory concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanpeng Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiyi Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangbin Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yansong Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Duoyun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Correlation of Glucose Metabolism with Cancer and Intervention with Traditional Chinese Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2192654. [PMID: 36276846 PMCID: PMC9586738 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2192654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with several distinct characteristics, referred to as “cancer markers” one of which is metabolic reprogramming, which is a common feature that drives cancer progression. Over the last ten years, researchers have focused on the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer. In cancer, the oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway is converted into the glycolytic pathway in order to meet the growth requirements of cancer cells, thereby creating a microenvironment that promotes cancer progression. The precise mechanism of glucose metabolism in cancer cells is still unknown, but it is thought to involve the aberrant levels of metabolic enzymes, the influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the activation of tumor-promoting signaling pathways. It is suggested that glucose metabolism is strongly linked to cancer progression because it provides energy to cancer cells and interferes with antitumor drug pharmacodynamics. Therefore, it is critical to unravel the mechanism of glucose metabolism in tumors in order to gain a better understanding of tumorigenesis and to lay the groundwork for future research into the identification of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multiple targets, multiple components, and less toxic side effects and has unique advantages in tumor treatment. In recent years, researchers have found that a variety of Chinese medicine monomers and compound recipes play an antitumor role by interfering with the reprogramming of tumor metabolism. The underlying mechanisms of metabolism reprogramming of tumor cells and the role of TCM in regulating glucose metabolism are reviewed in this study, so as to provide a new idea for antitumor research in Chinese medicine.
Collapse
|
9
|
Phytochemicals as Regulators of Tumor Glycolysis and Hypoxia Signaling Pathways: Evidence from In Vitro Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070808. [PMID: 35890106 PMCID: PMC9315613 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The full understanding of the complex nature of cancer still faces many challenges, as cancers arise not as a result of a single target disruption but rather involving successive genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to multiple altered metabolic pathways. In this light, the need for a multitargeted, safe and effective therapy becomes essential. Substantial experimental evidence upholds the potential of plant-derived compounds to interfere in several important pathways, such as tumor glycolysis and the upstream regulating mechanisms of hypoxia. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview of the natural compounds which demonstrated, in vitro studies, an effective anticancer activity by affecting key regulators of the glycolytic pathway such as glucose transporters, hexokinases, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase or lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, we assessed how phytochemicals could interfere in HIF-1 synthesis, stabilization, accumulation, and transactivation, emphasizing PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways as important signaling cascades in HIF-1 activation. Special consideration was given to cell culture-based metabolomics as one of the most sensitive, accurate, and comprising approaches for understanding the response of cancer cell metabolome to phytochemicals.
Collapse
|
10
|
Rossi M, Cappadone C, Picone G, Bisi A, Farruggia G, Belluti F, Blasi P, Gobbi S, Malucelli E. Natural-like Chalcones with Antitumor Activity on Human MG63 Osteosarcoma Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123751. [PMID: 35744886 PMCID: PMC9229256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant disease characterized by poor prognosis due to a high incidence of metastasis and chemoresistance. Recently, Licochalcone A (Lic-A) has been reported as a promising agent against OS. Starting from chalcones selected from a wide in-house library, a new series was designed and synthetized. The antitumor activity of the compounds was tested on the MG63 OS cell line through the innovative Quantitative Phase Imaging technique and MTT assay. To further investigate the biological profile of active derivatives, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were evaluated. An earlier and more consistent arrest in the G2-M phase with respect to Lic-A was observed. Moreover, apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V staining as well as by the detection of typical morphological features of apoptotic cells. Among the selected compounds, 1e, 1q, and 1r proved to be the most promising antitumor molecules. This study pointed out that an integrated methodological approach may constitute a valuable platform for the rapid screening of large series of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Concettina Cappadone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Giovanna Picone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Federica Belluti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Paolo Blasi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvia Gobbi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li MT, Xie L, Jiang HM, Huang Q, Tong RS, Li X, Xie X, Liu HM. Role of Licochalcone A in Potential Pharmacological Therapy: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878776. [PMID: 35677438 PMCID: PMC9168596 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LA), a useful and valuable flavonoid, is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC. and widely used clinically in traditional Chinese medicine. We systematically updated the latest information on the pharmacology of LA over the past decade from several authoritative internet databases, including Web of Science, Elsevier, Europe PMC, Wiley Online Library, and PubMed. A combination of keywords containing “Licochalcone A,” “Flavonoid,” and “Pharmacological Therapy” was used to help ensure a comprehensive review. Collected information demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological properties for LA, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, bone protection, blood glucose and lipid regulation, neuroprotection, and skin protection. LA activity is mediated through several signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, P53, NF-κB, and P38. Caspase-3 apoptosis, MAPK inflammatory, and Nrf2 oxidative stress signaling pathways are also involved with multiple therapeutic targets, such as TNF-α, VEGF, Fas, FasL, PI3K, AKT, and caspases. Recent studies mainly focus on the anticancer properties of LA, which suggests that the pharmacology of other aspects of LA will need additional study. At the end of this review, current challenges and future research directions on LA are discussed. This review is divided into three parts based on the pharmacological effects of LA for the convenience of readers. We anticipate that this review will inspire further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Mei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Role of Plant-Derived Active Constituents in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms of Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081326. [PMID: 35456005 PMCID: PMC9031068 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant technological advancements in conventional therapies, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the control and treatment of cancer, several limitations still exist, and there is scope for further advancements. Several adverse effects are associated with modern chemotherapy that hinder cancer treatment and lead to other critical disorders. Since ancient times, plant-based medicines have been employed in clinical practice and have yielded good results with few side effects. The modern research system and advanced screening techniques for plants’ bioactive constituents have enabled phytochemical discovery for the prevention and treatment of challenging diseases such as cancer. Phytochemicals such as vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, curcumin, colchicine, and lycopene have shown promising anticancer effects. Discovery of more plant-derived bioactive compounds should be encouraged via the exploitation of advanced and innovative research techniques, to prevent and treat advanced-stage cancers without causing significant adverse effects. This review highlights numerous plant-derived bioactive molecules that have shown potential as anticancer agents and their probable mechanisms of action and provides an overview of in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies on anticancer phytochemicals.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sarkar C, Chaudhary P, Jamaddar S, Janmeda P, Mondal M, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Redox Activity of Flavonoids: Impact on Human Health, Therapeutics, and Chemical Safety. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:140-162. [PMID: 35045245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cost-effectiveness of presently used therapies is a problem in overall redox-based management, which is posing a significant financial burden on communities across the world. As a result, sophisticated treatment models that provide notions of predictive diagnoses followed by targeted preventive therapies adapted to individual patient profiles are gaining global acclaim as being beneficial to patients, the healthcare sector, and society as a whole. In this context, natural flavonoids were considered due to their multifaceted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects as well as their low toxicity and ease of availability. The aim of this review is to focus on the capacity of flavonoids to modulate the responsiveness of various diseases and ailments associated with redox toxicity. The review will also focus on the flavonoids' pathway-based redox activity and the advancement of redox-based therapies as well as flavonoids' antioxidant characteristics and their influence on human health, therapeutics, and chemical safety. Research findings indicated that flavonoids significantly exhibit various redox-based therapeutic responses against several diseases such as inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and hepatic diseases and various types of cancer by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 transcription system, suppressing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/IκB kinase inflammatory pathway, abrogating the function of the Hsp90/Hsf1 complex, inhibiting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Some flavonoids, especially genistein, apigenin, amentoflavone, baicalein, quercetin, licochalcone A, and biochanin A, play a potential role in redox regulation. Conclusions of this review on the antioxidant aspects of flavonoids highlight the medicinal and folk values of these compounds against oxidative stress and various diseases and ailments. In short, treatment with flavonoids could be a novel therapeutic invention in clinical trials, as we hope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sarmin Jamaddar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Gazdova M, Kello M, Mojzis J. Molecular Mechanisms of Antiproliferative Effects of Natural Chalcones. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112730. [PMID: 34073042 PMCID: PMC8198114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the important progress in cancer treatment in the past decades, the mortality rates in some types of cancer have not significantly decreased. Therefore, the search for novel anticancer drugs has become a topic of great interest. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoid synthesis in plants, have been documented as natural compounds with pleiotropic biological effects including antiproliferative/anticancer activity. This article focuses on the knowledge on molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative action of chalcones and draws attention to this group of natural compounds that may be of importance in the treatment of cancer disease. Abstract Although great progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, the search for new promising molecules with antitumor activity is still one of the greatest challenges in the fight against cancer due to the increasing number of new cases each year. Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one), the precursors of flavonoid synthesis in higher plants, possess a wide spectrum of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. A plethora of molecular mechanisms of action have been documented, including induction of apoptosis, autophagy, or other types of cell death, cell cycle changes, and modulation of several signaling pathways associated with cell survival or death. In addition, blockade of several steps of angiogenesis and proteasome inhibition has also been documented. This review summarizes the basic molecular mechanisms related to the antiproliferative effects of chalcones, focusing on research articles from the years January 2015–February 2021.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rahman MA, Hannan MA, Dash R, Rahman MDH, Islam R, Uddin MJ, Sohag AAM, Rahman MH, Rhim H. Phytochemicals as a Complement to Cancer Chemotherapy: Pharmacological Modulation of the Autophagy-Apoptosis Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639628. [PMID: 34025409 PMCID: PMC8138161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive plant derived compounds are important for a wide range of therapeutic applications, and some display promising anticancer properties. Further evidence suggests that phytochemicals modulate autophagy and apoptosis, the two crucial cellular pathways involved in the underlying pathobiology of cancer development and regulation. Pharmacological targeting of autophagy and apoptosis signaling using phytochemicals therefore offers a promising strategy that is complementary to conventional cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we sought to highlight the molecular basis of the autophagic-apoptotic pathway to understand its implication in the pathobiology of cancer, and explore this fundamental cellular process as a druggable anticancer target. We also aimed to present recent advances and address the limitations faced in the therapeutic development of phytochemical-based anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rokibul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Autophagy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020135. [PMID: 33494431 PMCID: PMC7911475 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, which is a conserved biological process and essential mechanism in maintaining homeostasis and metabolic balance, enables cells to degrade cytoplasmic constituents through lysosomes, recycle nutrients, and survive during starvation. Autophagy exerts an anticarcinogenic role in normal cells and inhibits the malignant transformation of cells. On the other hand, aberrations in autophagy are involved in gene derangements, cell metabolism, the process of tumor immune surveillance, invasion and metastasis, and tumor drug-resistance. Therefore, autophagy-targeted drugs may function as anti-tumor agents. Accumulating evidence suggests that flavonoids have anticarcinogenic properties, including those relating to cellular proliferation inhibition, the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, cell cycle arrest, senescence, the impairment of cell migration, invasion, tumor angiogenesis, and the reduction of multidrug resistance in tumor cells. Flavonoids, which are a group of natural polyphenolic compounds characterized by multiple targets that participate in multiple pathways, have been widely studied in different models for autophagy modulation. However, flavonoid-induced autophagy commonly interacts with other mechanisms, comprehensively influencing the anticancer effect. Accordingly, targeted autophagy may become the core mechanism of flavonoids in the treatment of tumors. This paper reviews the flavonoid-induced autophagy of tumor cells and their interaction with other mechanisms, so as to provide a comprehensive and in-depth account on how flavonoids exert tumor-suppressive effects through autophagy.
Collapse
|
17
|
Gong S, Maegawa S, Yang Y, Gopalakrishnan V, Zheng G, Cheng D. Licochalcone A is a Natural Selective Inhibitor of Arginine Methyltransferase 6. Biochem J 2020; 478:BCJ20200411. [PMID: 33245113 PMCID: PMC7850898 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification that is implicated in multiple biological functions including transcriptional regulation. The expression of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT) has been shown to be upregulated in various cancers. PRMTs have emerged as attractive targets for the development of new cancer therapies. Here, we describe the identification of a natural compound, licochalcone A, as a novel, reversible and selective inhibitor of PRMT6. Since expression of PRMT6 is upregulated in human breast cancers and is associated with oncogenesis, we used the human breast cancer cell line system to study the effect of licochalcone A treatment on PRMT6 activity, cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We demonstrated that licochalcone A is a non-S-adenosyl L-methionine (SAM) binding site competitive inhibitor of PRMT6. In MCF-7 cells, it inhibited PRMT6-dependent methylation of histone H3 at arginine 2 (H3R2), which resulted in a significant repression of estrogen receptor activity. Licochalcone A exhibited cytotoxicity towards human MCF-7 breast cancer cells, but not MCF-10A human breast epithelial cells, by upregulating p53 expression and blocking cell cycle progression at G2/M, followed by apoptosis. Thus, licochalcone A has potential for further development as a therapeutic agent against breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shinji Maegawa
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - Donghang Cheng
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
A novel 4-aminoquinazoline derivative, DHW-208, suppresses the growth of human breast cancer cells by targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:491. [PMID: 32606352 PMCID: PMC7327080 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers among women worldwide. However, there is still no effective therapeutic strategy for advanced breast cancer that has metastasized. Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is an essential step for the growth of human breast cancers. In our previous study, we designed and synthesized DHW-208 (2,4-difluoro-N-(5-(4-((1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)quinazolin-6-yl)-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide) as a novel pan-PI3K inhibitor. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of DHW-208 in breast cancer and investigate its underlying mechanism. We found that DHW-208 inhibited the growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Moreover, DHW-208 induced breast cancer cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and induced G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest. In vitro results show that DHW-208 is a dual inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR, and suppress the growth of human breast cancer cells by targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Consistent with the in vitro results, in vivo studies demonstrated that DHW-208 elicits an antitumor effect by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-signaling pathway with a high degree of safety in breast cancer. Above all, we report for the first time that DHW-208 suppressed the growth of human breast cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. Our study may provide evidence for the use of DHW-208 as an effective, novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of human breast cancers in clinical trials.
Collapse
|
19
|
Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3821248. [PMID: 32256642 PMCID: PMC7102474 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3821248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. These chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hepatoprotective activities, and so on. This review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice.
Collapse
|
20
|
Reddy D, Kumavath R, Ghosh P, Barh D. Lanatoside C Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Cancer Cell Growth by Attenuating MAPK, Wnt, JAK-STAT, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120792. [PMID: 31783627 PMCID: PMC6995510 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are a diverse family of naturally derived compounds having a steroid and glycone moiety in their structures. CG molecules inhibit the α-subunit of ubiquitous transmembrane protein Na+/K+-ATPase and are clinically approved for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the CGs were found to exhibit selective cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, raising interest in their use as anti-cancer molecules. In this current study, we explored the underlying mechanism responsible for the anti-cancer activity of Lanatoside C against breast (MCF-7), lung (A549), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. Using Real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence studies, we observed that (i) Lanatoside C inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in cell-specific and dose-dependent manner only in cancer cell lines; (ii) Lanatoside C exerts its anti-cancer activity by arresting the G2/M phase of cell cycle by blocking MAPK/Wnt/PAM signaling pathways; (iii) it induces apoptosis by inducing DNA damage and inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways; and finally, (iv) molecular docking analysis shows significant evidence on the binding sites of Lanatoside C with various key signaling proteins ranging from cell survival to cell death. Our studies provide a novel molecular insight of anti-cancer activities of Lanatoside C in human cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanasekhar Reddy
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India;
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-8547-648-620
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, West Bengal, India;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Licochalcone A Suppresses the Proliferation of Osteosarcoma Cells through Autophagy and ATM-Chk2 Activation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132435. [PMID: 31269698 PMCID: PMC6651087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A, a flavonoid extracted from licorice root, has been shown to exhibit broad anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anticancer, and antioxidative bioactivity. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity of Licochalcone A against human osteosarcoma cell lines. The data showed that Licochalcone A significantly suppressed cell viability in MTT assay and colony formation assay in osteosarcoma cell lines. Exposure to Licochalcone A blocked cell cycle progression at the G2/M transition and induced extrinsic apoptotic pathway in osteosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, we found the Licochalcone A exposure resulted in rapid ATM and Chk2 activation, and high levels of nuclear foci of phosphorylated Chk2 at Thr 68 site in osteosarcoma cell lines. In addition, Licochalcone A exposure significantly induced autophagy in osteosarcoma cell lines. When Licochalcone A-induced autophagy was blocked by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, the expression of activated caspase-3 and Annexin V positive cells were reduced, and cell viability was rescued in Licochalcone A-treated osteosarcoma cell lines. These data indicate that the activation of ATM-Chk2 checkpoint pathway and autophagy may contribute to Licochalcone A-induced anti-proliferating effect in osteosarcoma cell lines. Our findings display the possibility that Licochalcone A may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
22
|
Hao Y, Zhang C, Sun Y, Xu H. Licochalcone A inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4427-4435. [PMID: 31239711 PMCID: PMC6556467 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers, with high metastasis and mortality. Licochalcone A (LCA) is a chalconoid from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflata, which has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis effects in many cancers. However, the mechanism that underlies LCA regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in OSCC remains poorly understood. Methods: LY294002 or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were used to block or stimulate the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway in OSCC cells. Cell proliferation was investigated by MTT assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein level using Western blot. The expression of metastasis-related protein was detected via Western blot. Cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated by trans-well assay. A murine xenograft model of OSCC was established to investigate the anti-tumor effect of LCA in vivo. Results: Treatment of LCA inhibited cell proliferation in SCC4 and CAL-27 cells. Moreover, PI3K/AKT signaling was blocked by LY294002, and activated by IGF-1. LCA could suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells, which was similar to the treatment of LY294002. In addition, LCA decreased IGF-1-induced OSCC progression. In a murine xenograft model, LCA treatment protected against tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Conclusions: LCA might inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in OSCC, developing a potential chemotherapeutic agent for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shaanxi People's Hospital, Xian 710000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nrf2 signaling and autophagy are complementary in protecting lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury by licochalcone A. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:313. [PMID: 30952839 PMCID: PMC6450927 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (Lico A), isolated from Xinjiang licorice Glycyrrhiza inflate, has been shown to have antioxidative potential via the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, which is involved in the prevention of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. The purpose of the current study was to further explore the protective effect of Lico A against lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine (LPS/GalN)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results found that treatment with Lico A significantly reduced in LPS/GalN-induced hepatotoxicity by lessening lethality, alleviating histopathological liver changes, decreasing the alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels, attenuating the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and regulating oxidative markers. Furthermore, Lico A efficiently alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting TLR4-MAPK and -NF-κB, as well as the Txnip-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, Lico A induced the activation of Nrf2 and QSTM1 (P62) signaling and promoted autophagy involved in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-the transcription factor EB (TFEB) signaling, which may contribute to its hepatoprotective activity. Additional mechanistic investigations to evaluate the dependence of the hepatoprotective role of Lico A on Nrf2 revealed that a lack of Nrf2 promoted Lico A-induced autophagy, which contributed to the hepatoprotective effect of Lico A in Nrf2−/− mice. In addition, cotreatment with autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA) alleviated but did not abrogate the hepatoprotective effect of Lico A, which may be attributed to its ability to activate Nrf2. Our study firstly suggests that Lico A has protective potential against LPS/GalN-induced hepatotoxicity, which may be strongly associated with activation of Nrf2 and autophagy.
Collapse
|
24
|
Licochalcone A Inhibits Cellular Motility by Suppressing E-cadherin and MAPK Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030218. [PMID: 30841634 PMCID: PMC6468539 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A compound isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, licochalcone A (LA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties in various cell lines. LA has been found to promote autophagy and suppress specificity protein 1, inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. However, the regulation of breast cancer cell invasion and migration by LA is elusive. Thus, the present study investigated whether LA induces apoptosis and cellular motility in MDA-MB-231 breast cells, and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with LA and cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 assay. Apoptotic signal proteins checked by flow cytometry, fluorescent staining, and Western blot. LA effectively suppressed cell migration, and modulated E-cadherin and vimentin expression by blocking MAPK and AKT signaling. LA inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle, modulated mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage, and reduced oxidative stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. LA also activated cleaved-caspase 3 and 9, significantly decreased Bcl-2 expression, ultimately causing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Overall, our findings suggest that LA decreases cell proliferation and increases reactive oxygen species production for induced apoptosis, and regulates E-cadherin and vimentin by reducing MAPK and AKT signaling, resulting in suppressed MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion.
Collapse
|
25
|
Li Y, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Yang J, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Wang X. CUL4B regulates autophagy via JNK signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:379-394. [PMID: 30612524 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1560718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of CUL4B was identified in various types of solid cancers. Cumulative evidences support the oncogenic role of CUL4B in cancers, including regulation of cell proliferation and signal transduction. However, its clinical value and potential pathogenic mechanism in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have not been described previously. Therefore, we hypothesize that overexpressed CUL4B may contribute to the pathogenesis of DLBCL. The aim of this study is to assess the expression and the biological function of CUL4B in DLBCL progression. In our study, CUL4B overexpression was observed in DLBCL tissues, and its upregulation was closely associated with poor prognosis in patients. Furthermore, the functional roles of CUL4B was detected both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that silencing CUL4B could not only induce cell proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and motility attenuation of DLBCL cells in vitro, but also decrease tumor growth in DLBCL xenografts mice. In addition, we identified that CUL4B may act as a potent inductor of JNK phosphorylation in regulation of autophagy. Our findings demonstrated a significant role of CUL4B in the development and progression of DLBCL. CUL4B may act as a useful biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhang
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China.,b School of Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee CF, Chiang NN, Lu YH, Huang YS, Yang JS, Tsai SC, Lu CC, Chen FA. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) triggers mitochondria-mediated apoptotic machinery in human cisplatin-resistant oral cancer CAR cells. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8:15. [PMID: 30141402 PMCID: PMC6108226 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2018080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a component of dietary food, possesses a powerful anticancer activity. Previous studies have shown that BITC produces a large number of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases intracellular Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to the activation of the apoptotic mechanism in tumor cells. However, there is not much known regarding the inhibitory effect of BITC on cisplatin-resistant oral cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to examine the anticancer effect and molecular mechanism of BITC on human cisplatin-resistant oral cancer CAR cells. Our results demonstrated that BITC significantly reduced cell viability of CAR cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. BITC was found to cause apoptotic cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation by morphologic observation and TUNEL/DAPI staining. Pretreatment of cells with a specific inhibitor of pan-caspase significantly reduced cell death caused by BITC. Colorimetric assay analyses also showed that the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were elevated in BITC-treated CAR cells. An increase in ROS production and loss of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) occurred due to BITC exposure and was observed via flow cytometric analysis. Western blotting analyses demonstrated that the protein levels of Bax, Bad, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3 were up-regulated, while those of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and pro-caspase-9 were down-regulated in CAR cells after BITC challenge. In sum, the mitochondria-dependent pathway might contribute to BITC-induced apoptosis in human cisplatin-resistant oral cancer CAR cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Fang Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Pingtung Branch, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Na Chiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Pingtung Branch, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hua Lu
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Syuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan - Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen G, Ma Y, Jiang Z, Feng Y, Han Y, Tang Y, Zhang J, Ni H, Li X, Li N. Lico A Causes ER Stress and Apoptosis via Up-Regulating miR-144-3p in Human Lung Cancer Cell Line H292. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:837. [PMID: 30108506 PMCID: PMC6079201 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During our study on the bioactivities of natural flavonoids, we found that the total flavonoids (TFs) and the main constituent of it, licochalcone A (lico A), activated unfolded protein response (UPR) and induced autophagy and thereby apoptosis in H292 cells. MicroRNAs, such as the tumor repressor miR-144-3p, were reported to be differentially expressed in lung cancer cells and were linked to ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, the underlying miRNA-based mechanism for lico A modulating proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer cells is elusive. In this study, we found that miR-144-3p was down-regulated in H292 cells comparing to normal embryonic lung cells WI-38, and lico A (10 μM) could increase miR-144-3p level in H292 cells. Knockdown of miR-144-3p significantly abrogated the apoptosis and proliferation-inhibiting effects of lico A, and lico A could enhance the proliferation-inhibiting effect and apoptosis induced by miR-144-3p overexpression. Moreover, overexpression miR-144-3p could induce ER stress by down-regulating Nrf2, and lico A enhanced the Nrf2 down-regulation caused by miR-144-3p overexpression. Co-transfection experiments showed that lico A potentially increased the dicing of pre-miR-144 so as to increase the mature miR-144-3p level. Interestingly, high level of lico A (40 μM) up-regulated CHOP protein, but failed to increase the downstream genes levels of CHOP, including Bim and Bcl-2 in H292 cells. Docking studies indicated that CHOP-mediated pathway was potentially blocked by high dose of lico A. Our results suggested that lico A could cause UPR, autophagy and apoptosis, and the underlying mechanism involved up-regulation of miR-144-3p, and increased lico A level would also increase the potential for lico A inhibiting CHOP-dependent apoptosis in H292 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yueping Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yueqing Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yetian Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Ürümqi, China
| | - Hui Ni
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xuezheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| |
Collapse
|