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Shin J, Lee Y, Ju SH, Jung YJ, Sim D, Lee SJ. Unveiling the Potential of Natural Compounds: A Comprehensive Review on Adipose Thermogenesis Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4915. [PMID: 38732127 PMCID: PMC11084502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of adipocyte browning has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for combating obesity and obesity-related diseases. Non-shivering thermogenesis is the process of biological heat production in mammals and is primarily mediated via brown adipose tissue (BAT). The recruitment and activation of BAT can be induced through chemical drugs and nutrients, with subsequent beneficial health effects through the utilization of carbohydrates and fats to generate heat to maintain body temperature. However, since potent drugs may show adverse side effects, nutritional or natural substances could be safe and effective as potential adipocyte browning agents. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of the natural food compounds that have been shown to activate brown adipocytes in humans, animals, and in cultured cells. In addition, some key genetic and molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of these natural compounds reported to have therapeutic potential to combat obesity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeeun Shin
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Yeonho Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Seong Hun Ju
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Young Jae Jung
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Daehyeon Sim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, BK21 Four Institute of Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02846, Republic of Korea
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Faraji F, Kooshki L, Webber K, Bishayee A. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:501-574. [PMID: 37792223 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells employ multiple signaling mediators to escape the hypoxic condition and trigger angiogenesis and metastasis. As a critical orchestrate of tumorigenic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is responsible for stimulating several target genes and dysregulated pathways in tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, targeting HIF-1 pathway and cross-talked mediators seems to be a novel strategy in cancer prevention and treatment. In recent decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop multi-targeted therapies to modulate several dysregulated pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this line, natural compounds have shown a bright future in combating angiogenic and metastatic conditions. Among the natural secondary metabolites, we have evaluated the critical potential of phenolic compounds, terpenes/terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur compounds, marine- and microbe-derived agents in the attenuation of HIF-1, and interconnected pathways in fighting tumor-associated angiogenesis and invasion. This is the first comprehensive review on natural constituents as potential regulators of HIF-1 and interconnected pathways against cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. This review aims to reshape the previous strategies in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415153, Iran
| | - Kassidy Webber
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Potential Therapeutic Targets of Formononetin, a Type of Methoxylated Isoflavone, and Its Role in Cancer Therapy through the Modulation of Signal Transduction Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119719. [PMID: 37298670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death in all developed and developing countries. Various factors are involved in cancer development and progression, including inflammation and alterations in cellular processes and signaling transduction pathways. Natural compounds have shown health-promoting effects through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, having an important role in the inhibition of cancer growth. In this regard, formononetin, a type of isoflavone, plays a significant role in disease management through the modulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Furthermore, its role in cancer management has been proven through the regulation of different signal transduction pathways, such as the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT 3), Phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. The anticancer potential of formononetin has been reported against various cancer types, such as breast, cervical, head and neck, colon, and ovarian cancers. This review focuses on the role of formononetin in different cancer types through the modulation of various cell signaling pathways. Moreover, synergistic effect with anticancer drugs and methods to improve bioavailability are explained. Thus, detailed studies based on clinical trials are required to explore the potential role of formononetin in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
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Yu X, Yang B, Chen B, Wu Q, Ren Z, Wang D, Yuan T, Ding H, Ding C, Liu Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Zhao J. Inhibitory effects of Formononetin on CoCrMo particle-induced osteoclast activation and bone loss through downregulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110651. [PMID: 36894124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Wear particle-induced osteoclast over-activation is a major contributor to periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening, which can cause pathological bone loss and destruction. Hence, inhibiting excessive osteoclast-resorbing activity is an important strategy for preventing periprosthetic osteolysis. Formononetin (FMN) has been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis, but no previous study has evaluated the effects of FMN on wear particle-induced osteolysis. In this study, we found that FMN alleviated CoCrMo alloy particles (CoPs)-induced bone loss in vivo and inhibited the formation and bone-resorptive function of osteoclasts in vitro. Moreover, we revealed that FMN exerted inhibitory effects on the expression of osteoclast-specific genes via the classical NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in vitro. Collectively, FMN is a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic osteolysis and other osteolytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Binkui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhengrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chao Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Zhongyang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Anhui Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China.
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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De S, Paul S, Manna A, Majumder C, Pal K, Casarcia N, Mondal A, Banerjee S, Nelson VK, Ghosh S, Hazra J, Bhattacharjee A, Mandal SC, Pal M, Bishayee A. Phenolic Phytochemicals for Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Critical Evaluation of In Vivo Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030993. [PMID: 36765950 PMCID: PMC9913554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed and second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Limitations with existing treatment regimens have demanded the search for better treatment options. Different phytochemicals with promising anti-CRC activities have been reported, with the molecular mechanism of actions still emerging. This review aims to summarize recent progress on the study of natural phenolic compounds in ameliorating CRC using in vivo models. This review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reporting and Meta-Analysis. Information on the relevant topic was gathered by searching the PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases using keywords, such as "colorectal cancer" AND "phenolic compounds", "colorectal cancer" AND "polyphenol", "colorectal cancer" AND "phenolic acids", "colorectal cancer" AND "flavonoids", "colorectal cancer" AND "stilbene", and "colorectal cancer" AND "lignan" from the reputed peer-reviewed journals published over the last 20 years. Publications that incorporated in vivo experimental designs and produced statistically significant results were considered for this review. Many of these polyphenols demonstrate anti-CRC activities by inhibiting key cellular factors. This inhibition has been demonstrated by antiapoptotic effects, antiproliferative effects, or by upregulating factors responsible for cell cycle arrest or cell death in various in vivo CRC models. Numerous studies from independent laboratories have highlighted different plant phenolic compounds for their anti-CRC activities. While promising anti-CRC activity in many of these agents has created interest in this area, in-depth mechanistic and well-designed clinical studies are needed to support the therapeutic use of these compounds for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samhita De
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | - Sourav Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713 209, India
| | - Anirban Manna
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | | | - Koustav Pal
- Jawaharlal Institute Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605 006, India
| | - Nicolette Casarcia
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743 234, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur 515 721, India
| | - Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
| | - Joyita Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713 209, India
| | | | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700 054, India
- Correspondence: or (M.P.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: or (M.P.); or (A.B.)
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Hu Y, Zhai W, Tan D, Chen H, Zhang G, Tan X, Zheng Y, Gao W, Wei Y, Wu J, Yang X. Uncovering the effects and molecular mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its bioactive ingredients formononetin and calycosin against colon cancer: An integrated approach based on network pharmacology analysis coupled with experimental validation and molecular docking. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111912. [PMID: 36755950 PMCID: PMC9899812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a highly malignant cancer with poor prognosis. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (Huang Qi in Chinese, HQ), a well-known Chinese herbal medicine and a popular food additive, possesses various biological functions and has been frequently used for clinical treatment of colon cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Isoflavonoids, including formononetin (FMNT) and calycosin (CS), are the main bioactive ingredients isolated from HQ. Thus, this study aimed to explore the inhibitory effects and mechanism of HQ, FMNT and CS against colon cancer by using network pharmacology coupled with experimental validation and molecular docking. The network pharmacology analysis revealed that FMNT and CS exerted their anticarcinogenic actions against colon cancer by regulating multiple signaling molecules and pathways, including MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. The experimental validation data showed that HQ, FMNT and CS significantly suppressed the viability and proliferation, and promoted the apoptosis in colon cancer Caco2 and HT-29 cells. HQ, FMNT and CS also markedly inhibited the migration of Caco2 and HT-29 cells, accompanied by a marked increase in E-cadherin expression, and a notable decrease in N-cadherin and Vimentin expression. In addition, HQ, FMNT and CS strikingly decreased the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) without marked change in total ERK1/2 expression. They also slightly downregulated the p-Akt expression without significant alteration in total Akt expression. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the inactivation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway and the HQ, FMNT and CS-induced suppression of colon cancer. The molecular docking results indicated that FMNT and CS had a strong binding affinity for the key molecules of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusively, HQ, FMNT and CS exerted good therapeutic effects against colon cancer by mainly inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, suggesting that HQ, FMNT and CS could be useful supplements that may enhance chemotherapeutic outcomes and benefit colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Duanling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State, NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuanjing Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Gao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijie Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Jinjun Wu, ; Xin Yang,
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State, NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jinjun Wu, ; Xin Yang,
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Wang H, Wu Z, Fan X, Wu C, Lu S, Geng L, Stalin A, Zhu Y, Zhang F, Huang J, Liu P, Li H, You L, Wu J. Identification of key pharmacological components and targets for Aidi injection in the treatment of pancreatic cancer by UPLC-MS, network pharmacology, and in vivo experiments. Chin Med 2023; 18:7. [PMID: 36641437 PMCID: PMC9840244 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Aidi injection (ADI) is a representative antitumor medication based on Chinese herbal injection, but its antitumor mechanisms are still poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, the subcutaneous xenograft model of human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 was established in nude mice to investigate the anticancer effect of ADI in vivo. We then determined the components of ADI using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and explored the possible molecular mechanisms against pancreatic cancer using network pharmacology. RESULTS In vivo experiments, the volume, weight, and degree of histological abnormalities of implanted tumors were significantly lower in the medium and high concentration ADI injection groups than in the control group. Network pharmacology analysis identified four active components of ADI and seven key targets, TNF, VEGFA, HSP90AA1, MAPK14, CASP3, P53 and JUN. Molecular docking also revealed high affinity between the active components and the target proteins, including Astragaloside IV to P53 and VEGFA, Ginsenoside Rb1 to CASP3 and Formononetin to JUN. CONCLUSION ADI could reduce the growth rate of tumor tissue and alleviate the structural abnormalities in tumor tissue. ADI is predicted to act on VEGFA, P53, CASP3, and JUN in ADI-mediated treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojia Wang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Zhishan Wu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Xiaotian Fan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800 China
| | - Chao Wu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Shan Lu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Libo Geng
- Guizhou Yibai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Guiyang, 550008 Guizhou China
| | - Antony Stalin
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Yingli Zhu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Pengyun Liu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Huiying Li
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XSchool of Biology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Leiming You
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 China
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Ai Y, Zhao Z, Wang H, Zhang X, Qin W, Guo Y, Zhao M, Tang J, Ma X, Zeng J. Pull the plug: Anti‐angiogenesis potential of natural products in gastrointestinal cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3371-3393. [PMID: 35871532 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ai
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Weihan Qin
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
- Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
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Zeng X, Li J, Lyu X, Chen XM, Guo S. Nutritional Characterization and Untargeted Metabolomics of Oyster Mushroom Produced Using Astragalus membranaceus var. mongolicus Stems and Leaves as Substrates. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:802801. [PMID: 35185978 PMCID: PMC8853653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.802801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus var. mongolicus (AMM) is an edible and medicinal material and is commonly used in East Asia. According to the pharmacopeia of China, the dried root of AMM is medicinal. However, the aerial parts of AMM are always directly discarded after harvest. The stems and leaves are also rich in active compounds, including saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides. To rationally use resources, waste products from AMM stems and leaves are useful substrates for edible fungus cultivation. Here, oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida) was cultivated on a basal substrate supplemented with AMM stems and leaves (AMM group). The nutritional and chemical composition of the fruiting body were analyzed by metabolomics and chemometrics. Our results showed that AMM addition to the substrate affected the fresh weight, moisture, fat, protein, and element concentrations, and amino acid composition of oyster mushroom. Moreover, 2,156 metabolites were detected and annotated based on the metabolomics data, of which 680 were identified as differentially expressed metabolites. Many active phytometabolites previously identified in AMM herbs were also detected in the metabolomics of oyster mushroom from AMM group, including 46 terpenoids, 21 flavonoids, 17 alkaloids, 14 phenylpropanoids, and 3 fatty acids. In summary, our results imply that oyster mushroom cultured with AMM stems and leaves might have very high nutritional therapy health care value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiao-Mei Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shunxing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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Wang B, Wu Z, Li W, Liu G, Tang Y. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of Huangqi decoction on liver fibrosis via computational systems pharmacology approaches. Chin Med 2021; 16:59. [PMID: 34301291 PMCID: PMC8306236 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The traditional Chinese medicine Huangqi decoction (HQD) consists of Radix Astragali and Radix Glycyrrhizae in a ratio of 6: 1, which has been used for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, we tried to elucidate its action of mechanism (MoA) via a combination of metabolomics data, network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. METHODS Firstly, we collected prototype components and metabolic products after administration of HQD from a publication. With known and predicted targets, compound-target interactions were obtained. Then, the global compound-liver fibrosis target bipartite network and the HQD-liver fibrosis protein-protein interaction network were constructed, separately. KEGG pathway analysis was applied to further understand the mechanisms related to the target proteins of HQD. Additionally, molecular docking simulation was performed to determine the binding efficiency of compounds with targets. Finally, considering the concentrations of prototype compounds and metabolites of HQD, the critical compound-liver fibrosis target bipartite network was constructed. RESULTS 68 compounds including 17 prototype components and 51 metabolic products were collected. 540 compound-target interactions were obtained between the 68 compounds and 95 targets. Combining network analysis, molecular docking and concentration of compounds, our final results demonstrated that eight compounds (three prototype compounds and five metabolites) and eight targets (CDK1, MMP9, PPARD, PPARG, PTGS2, SERPINE1, TP53, and HIF1A) might contribute to the effects of HQD on liver fibrosis. These interactions would maintain the balance of ECM, reduce liver damage, inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis, and alleviate liver inflammation through five signaling pathways including p53, PPAR, HIF-1, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new way to understand the MoA of HQD on liver fibrosis by considering the concentrations of components and metabolites, which might be a model for investigation of MoA of other Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biting Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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11
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Kong X, Liu C, Lu P, Guo Y, Zhao C, Yang Y, Bo Z, Wang F, Peng Y, Meng J. Combination of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Mechanism of Qizhen Decoction in the Treatment of Colon Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:14341-14360. [PMID: 34124457 PMCID: PMC8190929 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for the treatment of colon cancer. Qizhen decoction (QZD), a potential compound prescription of TCM, possesses multiple biological activities. It has been proven clinically effective in the treatment of colon cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of anticolon cancer activity is still not clear. This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of QZD. Furthermore, a collaborative analysis strategy of network pharmacology and cell biology was used to further explore the critical signaling pathway of QZD anticancer activity. First, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was performed to identify the chemical composition of QZD. Then, the chemical composition database of QZD was constructed based on a systematic literature search and review of chemical constituents. Moreover, the common and indirect targets of chemical components of QZD and colon cancer were searched by multiple databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the String database (https://www.string-db.org/). All of the targets were analyzed by Gene Oncology (GO) bioanalysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and the visual network topology diagram of "Prescription-TCM-Chemical composition-Direct target-Indirect target-Pathway" was constructed by Cytoscape software (v3.7.1). The top molecular pathway ranked by statistical significance was further verified by molecular biology methods. The results of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS showed that QZD had 111 kinds of chemical components, of which 103 were unique components and 8 were common components. Ten pivotal targets of QZD in the treatment of colon cancer were screened by the PPI network. Targets of QZD involve many biological processes, such as the signaling pathway, immune system, gene expression, and so on. QZD may interfere with biological pathways such as cell replication, oxygen-containing compounds, or organic matter by protein binding, regulation of signal receptors or enzyme binding, and affect cytoplasm and membrane-bound organelles. The main antitumor core pathways were the apoptosis metabolic pathway, the PI3K-Akt signal pathway, and so on. Expression of the PI3K-Akt signal pathway was significantly downregulated after the intervention of QZD, which was closely related to the inhibition of proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells by cell biology methods. The present work may facilitate a better understanding of the effective components, therapeutic targets, biological processes, and signaling pathways of QZD in the treatment of colon cancer and provide useful information about the utilization of QZD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Kong
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School
of Chinese Materia Medical, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Peng Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuzhu Guo
- Department
of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhichao Bo
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- Graduate
School, Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingyan Meng
- College
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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12
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Cayetano-Salazar L, Olea-Flores M, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Fernández-Tilapa G, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Ortuño-Pineda C, Navarro-Tito N. Natural isoflavonoids in invasive cancer therapy: From bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4092-4110. [PMID: 33720455 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, and one of the crucial steps within tumor progression is the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, which are directly related to cancer-associated deaths in patients. Recognizing the molecular markers involved in invasion and metastasis is essential to find targeted therapies in cancer. Interestingly, about 50% of the discovered drugs used in chemotherapy have been obtained from natural sources such as plants, including isoflavonoids. Until now, most drugs are used in chemotherapy targeting proliferation and apoptosis-related molecules. Here, we review recent studies about the effect of isoflavonoids on molecular targets and signaling pathways related to invasion and metastasis in cancer cell cultures, in vivo assays, and clinical trials. This review also reports that glycitein, daidzein, and genistein are the isoflavonoids most studied in preclinical and clinical trials and displayed the most anticancer activity targeting invasion-related proteins such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 and also EMT-associated proteins. Therefore, the diversity of isoflavonoids is promising molecules to be used as chemotherapeutic in invasive cancer. In the future, more clinical trials are needed to validate the effectiveness of the various natural isoflavonoids in the treatment of invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cayetano-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miriam D Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Ana E Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
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13
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Wang WS, Zhao CS. Formononetin exhibits anticancer activity in gastric carcinoma cell and regulating miR-542-5p. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:215-225. [PMID: 33231363 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formononetin exhibits anti-neoplastic activities in specific types of cancers, such as colon carcinoma and breast cancer. Nevertheless, its role in suppressing gastric carcinoma (GC) growth and metastatic-associated phenotypes has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that formononetin decreased the viability of GC cell line SGC-7901 and MGC-803. Furthermore, formononetin suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of GC cells. Consistent with the results in vitro, the anticancer effect of formononetin was verified using xenograft model. The expression of microRNA-542-5p (miR-542-5p), acted as an oncogene in many cancers, was identified to be upregulated in GC. Importantly, miR-542-5p might involve in formononetin exhibits anticancer activity in GC cells. Taken together, these results indicate that formononetin inhibits the growth and aggressiveness of GC cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Song Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji Central Hospital, Zhuji, China
| | - Can-Song Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Zhuji, China
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14
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Multifaceted implementation of nanotechnology in ameliorating therapeutic efficacy of soy phytoestrogens: Comprehensive review on the state of art. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Wu X, Li X, Wang W, Shan Y, Wang C, Zhu M, La Q, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Nan P, Li X. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics study of traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao reveals global metabolic profile and novel phytochemical ingredients. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:697. [PMID: 33208098 PMCID: PMC7677826 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is one of the most common herbs widely used in South and East Asia, to enhance people's health and reinforce vital energy. Despite its prevalence, however, the knowledge about phytochemical compositions and metabolite biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is very limited. RESULTS An integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis using state-of-the-art UPLC-Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and advanced bioinformatics pipeline were conducted to study global metabolic profiles and phytochemical ingredients/biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. A total of 5435 metabolites were detected, from which 2190 were annotated, representing an order of magnitude increase over previously known. Metabolic profiling of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao tissues found contents and synthetic enzymes for phytochemicals were significantly higher in leaf and stem in general, whereas the contents of the main bioactive ingredients were significantly enriched in root, underlying the value of root in herbal remedies. Using integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics data, we illustrated the complete pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, in which some were first reported in the herb. More importantly, we discovered novel flavonoid derivatives using informatics method for neutral loss scan, in addition to inferring their likely synthesis pathways in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. CONCLUSIONS The current study represents the most comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis on traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. We demonstrated our integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach offers great potentials in discovering novel metabolite structure and associated synthesis pathways. This study provides novel insights into the phytochemical ingredients, metabolite biosynthesis, and complex metabolic network in herbs, highlighting the rich natural resource and nutritional value of traditional herbal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuetong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuanhong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cuiting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mulan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Qiong La
- Research Institute of Biodiversity & Geobiology, Department of Life Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China 850000, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Research Institute of Biodiversity & Geobiology, Department of Life Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China 850000, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Nan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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16
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Fang Y, Ye J, Zhao B, Sun J, Gu N, Chen X, Ren L, Chen J, Cai X, Zhang W, Yang Y, Cao P. Formononetin ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via the KEAP1-NRF2-GSTP1 axis. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101677. [PMID: 32823168 PMCID: PMC7451796 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) has proven challenging owing to the concern that any OIPN-preventing agents may also decrease the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent and fail to reverse established neuronal damage. Nevertheless, targeting redox signaling pathways constitutes a promising therapy in OIPN and we have previously demonstrated the protective role of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) in this disorder. Here, we investigated the protective properties of formononetin (FN), a clinical preparation extract, in OIPN. RNA interference experiments revealed that FN protects against OIPN directly through activation of the NRF2 pathway. Further expression profile sequencing showed that FN exerts its protective effect via the NRF2 downstream-oxaliplatin metabolism enzyme, GSTP1. We also demonstrated that FN does not influence the chemotherapeutic function of oxaliplatin, as NRF2 exhibits a different drug metabolic enzyme activation state downstream in colorectal cell lines than that in neurons. Following synthesis of Bio-FN to screen the target binding proteins, we found that FN selectively binds to His129 and Lys131 in the BTB domain of KEAP1. In vivo experiments revealed that FN-induced activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway alleviated the nociceptive sensations in mice. Our findings highlight a new binding mechanism between KEAP1 and isoflavones for activation of the NRF2 system and suggest that pharmacological or therapeutic activation of the NRF2-GSTP1 axis may serve as an effective strategy to prevent or attenuate the progression of OIPN. FN prevents oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via KEAP1-NRF2-GSTP1 axis. FN retains oxaliplatin in vitro antitumor activity in cancer cells. FN selectively binds His129 and Lys131 in the Keap1 BTB domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinbing Sun
- Changshu No.1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, 215500, Changshu, China
| | - Na Gu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingli Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Kong MY, Li LY, Lou YM, Chi HY, Wu JJ. Chinese herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:369-384. [PMID: 32758397 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, leading to immense social and economic burdens. Currently, the main treatments for CRC include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC, the prognosis for CRC patients remains poor. Furthermore, the occurrence of side effects and toxicities severely limits the clinical use of these therapies. Therefore, alternative medications with high efficacy but few side effects are needed. An increasing number of modern pharmacological studies and clinical trials have supported the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) for the prevention and treatment of CRC. CHMs may be able to effectively reduce the risk of CRC, alleviate the adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy, and prolong the survival time of patients with advanced CRC. Studies of molecular mechanisms have provided deeper insight into the roles of molecules from CHMs in treating CRC. This paper summarizes the current understanding of the use of CHMs for the prevention and treatment of CRC, the main molecular mechanisms involved in these processes, the role of CHMs in modulating chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, and CHM's potential role in epigenetic regulation of CRC. The current study provides beneficial information on the use of CHMs for the prevention and treatment of CRC in the clinic, and suggests novel directions for new drug discovery against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yan Kong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Le-Yan Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Mei Lou
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Yu Chi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
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18
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Zhang L, Gong Y, Wang S, Gao F. Anti-Colorectal Cancer Mechanisms of Formononetin Identified by Network Pharmacological Approach. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7709-7714. [PMID: 31608899 PMCID: PMC6812471 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The network pharmacological approach was used to identity the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) targets of formononetin (FN) and the molecular mechanisms of FN against CRC. Material/Methods A tool of the DisGeNET database was used for collection of CRC-based targets. Other tools of SuperPred, herbal ingredients target (HIT), and SwissTargetPrediction databases were applied in prediction of pharmacological targets of FN against cancer. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of FN against CRC was obtained by using a STRING database. All top biological functional processes and signaling pathways of FN against CRC were identified by using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) software and Omicshare cloud platform. Results The most key anti-CRC targets of FN were identified as tumor protein p53 (TP53), cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2), and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1). In further assays, the treatment of CRC by FN was mainly involved in biological functional processes of reactive oxygen species metabolic process, positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription, and positive regulation of RNA metabolic process. anti-CRC by FN of signaling pathways were associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), allograft rejection, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, asthma, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and others. Conclusions The anti-CRC molecular mechanisms of FN are implicated in suppression of cellular proliferation and regulation of cancer-related metabolic pathways. Interestingly, 8 optimal biological targets may be used as potential molecular markers for predicting and treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yizhen Gong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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19
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Tay KC, Tan LTH, Chan CK, Hong SL, Chan KG, Yap WH, Pusparajah P, Lee LH, Goh BH. Formononetin: A Review of Its Anticancer Potentials and Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:820. [PMID: 31402861 PMCID: PMC6676344 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a complex yet common disease, is caused by uncontrolled cell division and abnormal cell growth due to a variety of gene mutations. Seeking effective treatments for cancer is a major research focus, as the incidence of cancer is on the rise and drug resistance to existing anti-cancer drugs is major concern. Natural products have the potential to yield unique molecules and combinations of substances that may be effective against cancer with relatively low toxicity/better side effect profile compared to standard anticancer therapy. Drug discovery work with natural products has demonstrated that natural compounds display a wide range of biological activities correlating to anticancer effects. In this review, we discuss formononetin (C16H12O4), which originates mainly from red clovers and the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. The compound comes from a class of 7-hydroisoflavones with a substitution of methoxy group at position 4. Formononetin elicits antitumorigenic properties in vitro and in vivo by modulating numerous signaling pathways to induce cell apoptosis (by intrinsic pathway involving Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 proteins) and cell cycle arrest (by regulating mediators like cyclin A, cyclin B1, and cyclin D1), suppress cell proliferation [by signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B (PI3K/AKT), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway], and inhibit cell invasion [by regulating growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 proteins]. Co-treatment with other chemotherapy drugs such as bortezomib, LY2940002, U0126, sunitinib, epirubicin, doxorubicin, temozolomide, and metformin enhances the anticancer potential of both formononetin and the respective drugs through synergistic effect. Compiling the evidence thus far highlights the potential of formononetin to be a promising candidate for chemoprevention and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ching Tay
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Sok Lai Hong
- Centre for Research Services, Institute of Research Management and Services, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Medical Health and Translational Research Group (MHTR), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
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Gong N, Zhang B, Hu K, Gao Z, Du G, Lu Y. Development and Certification of Formononetin Reference Material for Quality Control of Functional Foods and Botanical Supplements. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180411152309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Formononetin is a common soy isoflavonoid that can be found abundantly in
many natural plants. Previous studies have shown that formononetin possesses a variety of activities
which can be applied for various medicinal purposes. Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) play a
fundamental role in the food, traditional medicine and dietary supplement fields, and can be used for
method validation, uncertainty estimation, as well as quality control.
Methods:
The purity of formononetin was determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),
Coulometric Titration (CT) and Mass Balance (MB) methods.
Results:
This paper reports the sample preparation methodology, homogeneity and stability studies,
value assignment, and uncertainty estimation of a new certified reference material of formononetin.
DSC, CT and MB methods proved to be sufficiently reliable and accurate for the certification purpose.
The purity of the formononetin CRM was therefore found to be 99.40% ± 0.24 % (k = 2) based on the
combined value assignments and the expanded uncertainty.
Conclusion:
This CRM will be a reliable standard for the validation of the analytical methods and for
quality assurance/quality control of formononetin and formononetin-related traditional herbs, food
products, dietary supplements and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningbo Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baoxi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhaolin Gao
- Shandong Key laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Tengzhou, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Formononetin Regulates Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Cascades and Enhances Sensitivity to Bortezomib in a Multiple Myeloma Mouse Model. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070262. [PMID: 31284669 PMCID: PMC6681380 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we determined the anti-neoplastic actions of formononetin (FT) against multiple myeloma (MM) and elucidated its possible mode of action. It was observed that FT enhanced the apoptosis caused by bortezomib (Bor) and mitigated proliferation in MM cells, and these events are regulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation. We further noted that FT treatment reduced the levels of diverse tumorigenic proteins involved in myeloma progression and survival. Interestingly, we observed that FT also blocked persistent NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and AP-1 activation in myeloma cells. FT suppressed the activation of these oncogenic cascades by affecting a number of signaling molecules involved in their cellular regulation. In addition, FT augmented tumor growth-inhibitory potential of Bor in MM preclinical mouse model. Thus, FT can be employed with proteasomal inhibitors for myeloma therapy by regulating the activation of diverse oncogenic transcription factors involved in myeloma growth.
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Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI) Enhances IFN- α Inhibitory Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Reducing VEGF Expression: Validation by Gene Silencing Technique. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8084109. [PMID: 31179333 PMCID: PMC6507437 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8084109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI) is a traditional Chinese medicine injection with anticancer properties and is mainly composed of ginseng and astragalus. Its efficacy has been confirmed in clinical trials, but the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effect of SFI on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and identified its possible mechanism of synergistic effects when combined with the chemotherapeutic drug interferon (IFN-) α. An MTT assay was used to measure the inhibition effects of low-dose IFN-α (6000 IU) with or without SFI (0.5 g/L) on the HCC cell line MHCC97. VEGF-silenced MHCC97L-mir200 cell lines were prepared using lentiviral vectors and evaluated by real-time PCR to determine the inhibition effect. We examined MHCC97L-mir200 and MHCC97L cells by MTT assay, using IFN-α alone or in combination with SFI. The inhibition ratio of IFN-α (6000 IU) was -29.5%, while that for IFN-α (6000 IU) + SFI (0.5 g/L) was 17.0%, which was significantly higher than that for the IFN-α group (P < 0.01). The VEGF gene was silenced successfully in MHCC97-L cells. After interference of VEGF, the inhibition by SFI and IFN-α in MHCC97L-mir200 did not differ from that in MHCC97-L cells (P > 0.05). SFI can reduce the expression of VEGF in HCC, which can increase the efficacy of IFN-α, providing a theoretical basis for clinical application.
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Dong Z, Zhang W, Chen S, Liu C. Silibinin A decreases statin‑induced PCSK9 expression in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1383-1392. [PMID: 31173243 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. The most common drugs used to treat hypercholesterolemia are 3‑hydroxy‑3‑methyl‑glutaryl‑CoA reductase inhibitors, known as statins. Statins induce a beneficial increase in the levels of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and additionally upregulate proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which leads to LDLR degradation. This process causes a negative feedback response that attenuates the lipid lowering effects of statins. Therefore, the development of PCSK9 inhibitors may increase the lipid‑lowering functions of statins. In the present study, a drug‑screening assay was developed using the human PCSK9 promoter, based on data from a dual‑luciferase reporter assay, and the efficacies of various compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine were examined. Among the compounds examined, SIL was demonstrated to function by targeting PCSK9. It was identified that SIL treatment decreased the expression levels of PCSK9 in HepG2 cells by decreasing the activity of the PCSK9 promoter in a dose‑and time‑dependent manner. Notably, SIL antagonized the statin‑induced phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. The present study suggested that SIL may be developed as a novel PCSK9 inhibitor that may increase the efficiency of statin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewen Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medical Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medical Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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24
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Focus on Formononetin: Anticancer Potential and Molecular Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050611. [PMID: 31052435 PMCID: PMC6562434 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Formononetin, an isoflavone, is extracted from various medicinal plants and herbs, including the red clover (Trifolium pratense) and Chinese medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus. Formononetin's antioxidant and neuroprotective effects underscore its therapeutic use against Alzheimer's disease. Formononetin has been under intense investigation for the past decade as strong evidence on promoting apoptosis and against proliferation suggests for its use as an anticancer agent against diverse cancers. These anticancer properties are observed in multiple cancer cell models, including breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. Formononetin also attenuates metastasis and tumor growth in various in vivo studies. The beneficial effects exuded by formononetin can be attributed to its antiproliferative and cell cycle arrest inducing properties. Formononetin regulates various transcription factors and growth-factor-mediated oncogenic pathways, consequently alleviating the possible causes of chronic inflammation that are linked to cancer survival of neoplastic cells and their resistance against chemotherapy. As such, this review summarizes and critically analyzes current evidence on the potential of formononetin for therapy of various malignancies with special emphasis on molecular targets.
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25
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Meng J, Ai X, Lei Y, Zhong W, Qian B, Qiao K, Wang X, Zhou B, Wang H, Huai L, Zhang X, Han J, Xue Y, Liang Y, Zhou H, Chen S, Sun T, Yang C. USP5 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by stabilizing SLUG in hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2019; 9:573-587. [PMID: 30809294 PMCID: PMC6376178 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The role of SLUG in epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumor progression has been thoroughly studied, but its precise regulation remains poorly explored. Methods: The affinity purification, mass spectrometry and CO-IP were performed to identify the interaction between SLUG and ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5). Cycloheximide chase assays and deubiquitination assays confirmed that the effect of USP5 on the deubiquitin of SLUG. The dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to observe the direct transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin by SLUG effected by USP5. EMT related markers was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Molecular docking, SPR sensor (biacore) and co-location were detected to prove Formononetin targets USP5. Bioinformatics analysis was used to study the relation of USP5 and SLUG to malignancy degree of HCC. Cell migration, invasion in HCC cells and xenografts model in nude mouse were conducted to detect the promotion of USP5 and the inhibition of Formononetin on EMT. Results: USP5 interacts with and stabilizes SLUG to regulate its abundance through USP5 deubiquitination activities in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). USP5 is highly expressed and positively correlated with SLUG expression in HCC with high malignancy. Knockdown of USP5 inhibits SLUG deubiquitination and inhibits HCC cells proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, while overexpression of USP5 promotes SLUG stability and EMT in vitro and in vivo. Through virtual screening, we found that Formononetin exhibits excellent binding to USP5. Moreover, Formononetin inhibits deubiquitinating activities of USP5 to SLUG and consequently impedes the EMT and malignant progression of HCC. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that USP5 serve as a potential target for tumor intervention and provide a preliminary antitumor therapy for inhibit EMT by targeting USP5 or its interaction with SLUG in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyang Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoxin Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kailiang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bijiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Longcong Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingxia Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinyin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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26
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Kim C, Lee SG, Yang WM, Arfuso F, Um JY, Kumar AP, Bian J, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Formononetin-induced oxidative stress abrogates the activation of STAT3/5 signaling axis and suppresses the tumor growth in multiple myeloma preclinical model. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:123-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Song T, Zhao J, Jiang T, Jin X, Li Y, Liu X. Formononetin protects against balloon injury‑induced neointima formation in rats by regulating proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via the TGF‑β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2155-2162. [PMID: 30066831 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of formononetin (FMN) against balloon injury‑induced neointima formation in vivo and platelet‑derived growth factor (PDGF)‑BB‑induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro, and explored the underlying mechanisms. A rat model of carotid artery injury was established, in order to examine the effects of FMN on balloon injury‑induced neointima formation. Histological observation of the carotid artery tissues was conducted by hematoxylin and eosin staining. VSMC proliferation during neointima formation was observed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining. Subsequently, rat aortic VSMCs were isolated, and the effects of FMN on PDGF‑BB‑induced VSMC proliferation and migration were determined using Cell Counting Kit‑8 and Transwell/wound healing assays, respectively. Immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical staining was applied to measure the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β in carotid artery tissues and VSMCs, respectively. SMAD family member 3 (Smad3)/phosphorylated (p)‑Smad3 expression was examined by western blotting. FMN treatment significantly inhibited the abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells in neointima, and alterations to the vascular structure were attenuated. In addition, pretreatment with FMN effectively inhibited the proliferation of PDGF‑BB‑stimulated VSMCs (P<0.05). FMN also reduced the number of cells that migrated to the lower surface of the Transwell chamber and decreased wound‑healing percentage (P<0.05). The expression levels of TGF‑β were decreased by FMN treatment in vivo and in vitro, and Smad3/p‑Smad3 expression was also markedly inhibited. In conclusion, FMN significantly protected against balloon injury‑induced neointima formation in the carotid artery of a rat model; this effect may be associated with the regulation of VSMC proliferation and migration through altered TGF‑β1/Smad3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Peoples' Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Jingdong Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Peoples' Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Tongbai Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Peoples' Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Peoples' Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- Hemodialysis Center, Linyi Peoples' Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
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Zhang YZ, Zhang J, Tan L, Xia Z, Wang CZ, Zhou LD, Zhang Q, Yuan CS. Preparation and evaluation of temperature and magnetic dual-responsive molecularly imprinted polymers for the specific enrichment of formononetin. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3060-3068. [PMID: 29878532 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thermo-responsive magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared by simple surface molecular imprinting polymerization for the selective adsorption and enrichment of formononetin from Trifolium pretense by temperature regulation. Using formononetin as a template, N-isopropylacrylamide as the thermo-responsive functional monomer, and methacrylic acid as an assisting functional monomer, the polymers were synthesized on the surface of the magnetic substrate. The results show that imprinted polymers attained controlled adsorption of formononetin in response to the temperature change, with large adsorption capacity (16.43 mg/g), fast kinetics (60 min) and good selectivity at 35°C compared with that at 25 and 45°C. The selectivity experiment indicated that the materials had excellent recognition ability for formononetin and the selectivity factors were between 1.32 and 2.98 towards genistein and daidzein. The excellent linearity was attained in the range of 5-100 μg/mL, with low detection limits and low quantitation limits of 0.017 and 0.063 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the thermo-responsive magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were successfully utilized for enriching and purifying formononetin from Trifolium pretense. The analytical results indicate that the imprinted polymers are promising materials for selective identification and enrichment of formononetin in complicated herbal medicines by simple temperature-responsive regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Lian-Di Zhou
- Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qihui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
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Xu Y, Mao JJ, Sun L, Yang L, Li J, Hao Y, Li H, Hou W, Chu Y, Bai Y, Jia X, Wang J, Shen L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu J, Yang Y. Association Between Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Patients With Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2018; 2017:4617830. [PMID: 29140496 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgx015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chinese cancer patients often use Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbal medicine during or after active cancer treatments. However, little is known about how TCM herbal medicine impacts cancer outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between TCM herbal therapy and survival outcomes in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer. Methods We conducted an eight-center prospective cohort study in China among patients who had undergone radical resection for stage II and III colorectal cancer. All patients received comprehensive conventional treatments according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, and follow-up visits were conducted over five years. We defined high exposure as a patient's use of TCM individualized herbs for more than one year, ascertained via clinical interviews. The primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS), with overall survival (OS) as a secondary outcome. Results Between April 2007 and February 2009, we enrolled 312 patients into the cohort; 166 (53.2%) met the definition of high exposure to TCM herbs. Adjusting for covariates, high exposure to TCM was associated with both better DFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.39 to 0.98) and OS (HR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.68). In subgroup exploratory analysis, the effects demonstrated that the differences in outcomes were statistically significant in patients who had received chemotherapy. Conclusion Longer duration of TCM herbal use is associated with improved survival outcomes in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients in China. More research is needed to evaluate the effects and underlying mechanisms of herbal medicine on colorectal cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xu
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun J Mao
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxu Hao
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huashan Li
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Chu
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jia
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwan Wang
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Oncology Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Internal Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Gastroenterology Department, Peking University of Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Oncology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing China; Gastroenterology Department, No. 1 Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China; Epidemiology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wang AL, Li Y, Zhao Q, Fan LQ. Formononetin inhibits colon carcinoma cell growth and invasion by microRNA‑149‑mediated EphB3 downregulation and inhibition of PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7721-7729. [PMID: 29620230 PMCID: PMC5983960 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Formononetin (Form), a phytoestrogen extracted from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus, is one of the fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine because of its protective effects against certain malignant tumors. However, its role in colon carcinoma cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. The present study aimed to demonstrate that Form significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of the colon carcinoma cell lines SW1116 and HCT116. Mechanistic studies have suggested that Form suppresses colon carcinoma cell growth by downregulating cell cycle-associated protein (cyclin D1) expression and arresting the cell cycle at the G0-G1 checkpoint. Further studies revealed that treatment with Form inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression. Aditionally, the results demonstrated that Form significantly increased microRNA (miR)-149 expression. Following miR-149 overexpression in SW1116 and HCT116 cells using an miR-149 mimic, cell viability and Ephrin type-B receptor 3 (EphB3) levels decreased. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of Form were associated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. These results indicated the suppressive effect of Form on colon carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion, possibly via miR-149-induced EphB3 downregulation and the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. Overall, Form may be used as a novel candidate for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Lei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Graziani V, Scognamiglio M, Belli V, Esposito A, D'Abrosca B, Chambery A, Russo R, Panella M, Russo A, Ciardiello F, Troiani T, Potenza N, Fiorentino A. Metabolomic approach for a rapid identification of natural products with cytotoxic activity against human colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5309. [PMID: 29593231 PMCID: PMC5871890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of bioactive compounds from natural sources entails an extremely lengthy process due to the timescale and complexity of traditional methodologies. In our study, we used a rapid NMR based metabolomic approach as tool to identify secondary metabolites with anti-proliferative activity against a panel of human colorectal cancer cell lines with different mutation profiles. For this purpose, fourteen Fabaceae species of Mediterranean vegetation were investigated using a double screening method: 1H NMR profiling enabled the identification of the main compounds present in the mixtures, whilst parallel biological assays allowed the selection of two plant extracts based on their strong anti-proliferative properties. Using high-resolution 2D NMR spectroscopy, putative active constituents were identified in the mixture and isolated by performing a bio-guided fractionation of the selected plant extracts. As a result, we found two active principles: a cycloartane glycoside and protodioscin derivative. Interestingly, these metabolites displayed a preferential anti-proliferative effect on colon cancer cell lines with an intrinsic resistance to anti-EGFR therapies. Our work provides an NMR-based metabolomic approach as a powerful and efficient tool to discover natural products with anticancer activities circumventing time-consuming procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Graziani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Monica Scognamiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology - Beutenberg Campus, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8 D-, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Valentina Belli
- Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "Flaviano Magrassi", Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Via Pansini, 5 -, I-80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Assunta Esposito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Brigida D'Abrosca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marta Panella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "Flaviano Magrassi", Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Via Pansini, 5 -, I-80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Troiani
- Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "Flaviano Magrassi", Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Via Pansini, 5 -, I-80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi 43 I-, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
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Hwang JS, Kang ES, Han SG, Lim DS, Paek KS, Lee CH, Seo HG. Formononetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced release of high mobility group box 1 by upregulating SIRT1 in a PPARδ-dependent manner. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4208. [PMID: 29312829 PMCID: PMC5756453 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) induced by inflammatory signals acts as a cellular alarmin to trigger a chain of inflammatory responses. Although the inflammatory actions of HMGB1 are well studied, less is known about the therapeutic agents that can impede its release. This study investigated whether the isoflavonoid formononetin can modulate HMGB1 release in cellular inflammatory responses. Methods RAW264.7 murine macrophages were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence or absence of formononetin. The levels of HMGB1 release, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression, and HMGB1 acetylation were analyzed by immunoblotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of resveratrol and sirtinol, an activator and inhibitor of SIRT1, respectively, on LPS-induced HMGB1 release were also evaluated. Results Formononetin modulated cellular inflammatory responses by suppressing the release of HMGB1 by macrophages exposed to LPS. In RAW264.7 cells, formononetin significantly attenuated LPS-induced release of HMGB1 into the extracellular environment, which was accompanied by a reduction in its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In addition, formononetin significantly induced mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1 in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ)-dependent manner. These effects of formononetin were dramatically attenuated in cells treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against PPARδ or with GSK0660, a specific inhibitor of PPARδ, indicating that PPARδ is involved in formononetin-mediated SIRT1 expression. In line with these effects, formononetin-mediated inhibition of HMGB1 release in LPS-treated cells was reversed by treatment with SIRT1-targeting siRNA or sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor. By contrast, resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator, further potentiated the inhibitory effect of formononetin on LPS-induced HMGB1 release, revealing a possible mechanism by which formononetin regulates HMGB1 release through SIRT1. Furthermore, modulation of SIRT1 expression by transfection of SIRT1- or PPARδ-targeting siRNA significantly counteracted the inhibitory effects of formononetin on LPS-induced HMGB1 acetylation, which was responsible for HMGB1 release. Discussion This study shows for the first time that formononetin inhibits HMGB1 release by decreasing HMGB1 acetylation via upregulating SIRT1 in a PPARδ-dependent manner. Formononetin consequently exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Identification of agents, such as formononetin, which can block HMGB1 release, may help to treat inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Seok Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sil Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Geuk Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Wu Y, Zhang X, Li Z, Yan H, Qin J, Li T. Formononetin inhibits human bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness via regulation of miR-21 and PTEN. Food Funct 2017; 8:1061-1066. [PMID: 28139790 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01535b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The isoflavone formononetin is the main active component of Astragalus membranaceus and possesses anti-tumorigenic properties. However, the role of formononetin in human bladder cancer (BCa) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-tumor effects of formononetin on BCa cells and its potential molecular mechanism. T24 cells were treated with different concentrations of formononetin, and then the cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, cell apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 stain assay, cell invasiveness by transwell invasion assay, microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression by real-time PCR and the protein level of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and phosphorylated homolog of Akt (p-Akt) by western blotting. The results showed that formononetin significantly inhibited the proliferation of T24 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. T24 cells treated with formononetin displayed obvious morphological changes of apoptosis and lower invasiveness. In addition, miR-21 expression was significantly decreased in formononetin-treated T24 cells, followed by increase of PTEN, and down-regulation of p-Akt. Collectively, these results suggest that formononetin exerts an anti-carcinogenic effect on BCa in vitro, which might be due to miR-21-mediated regulation of the PTEN/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhengzhao Li
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Haibiao Yan
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology of Clinical Cancer Center, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Li G, Gao Q, Yuan S, Wang L, Altmeyer R, Lan K, Yin F, Zou G. Characterization of three small molecule inhibitors of enterovirus 71 identified from screening of a library of natural products. Antiviral Res 2017; 143:85-96. [PMID: 28412182 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Infection with EV-A71 is more often associated with neurological complications in children and is responsible for the majority of fatalities, but currently there is no approved antiviral therapy for treatment. Here, we identified auraptene, formononetin, and yangonin as effective inhibitors of EV-A71 infection in the low-micromolar range from screening of a natural product library. Among them, formononetin and yangonin selectively inhibited EV-A71 while auraptene could inhibit viruses within the enterovirus species A. Time of addition studies showed that all the three inhibitors inhibit both attachment and postattachment step of entry. We found mutations conferring the resistance to these inhibitors in the VP1 and VP4 capsid proteins and confirmed the target residues using a reverse genetic approach. Interestingly, auraptene- and formononetin-resistant viruses exhibit cross-resistance to other inhibitors while yangonin-resistant virus still remains susceptible to auraptene and formononetin. Moreover, auraptene and formononetin, but not yangonin protected EV-A71 against thermal inactivation, indicating a direct stabilizing effect of both compounds on virion capsid conformation. Finally, neither biochanin A (an analog of formononetin) nor DL-Kavain (an analog of yangonin) exhibited anti-EV-A71 activity, suggesting the structural elements required for anti-EV-A71 activity. Taken together, these compounds could become potential lead compounds for anti-EV-A71 drug development and also serve as tool compounds for studying virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shilin Yuan
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ralf Altmeyer
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Feifei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Translation Medicine Tropical Diseases, Department of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.
| | - Gang Zou
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Bidirectional regulation of angiogenesis by phytoestrogens through estrogen receptor-mediated signaling networks. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:241-254. [PMID: 27114311 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormone estrogen is one of the most active intrinsic angiogenesis regulators; its therapeutic use has been limited due to its carcinogenic potential. Plant-derived phytoestrogens are attractive alternatives, but reports on their angiogenic activities often lack in-depth analysis and sometimes are controversial. Herein, we report a data-mining study with the existing literature, using IPA system to classify and characterize phytoestrogens based on their angiogenic properties and pharmacological consequences. We found that pro-angiogenic phytoestrogens functioned predominantly as cardiovascular protectors whereas anti-angiogenic phytoestrogens played a role in cancer prevention and therapy. This bidirectional regulation were shown to be target-selective and, for the most part, estrogen-receptor-dependent. The transactivation properties of ERα and ERβ by phytoestrogens were examined in the context of angiogenesis-related gene transcription. ERα and ERβ were shown to signal in opposite ways when complexed with the phytoestrogen for bidirectional regulation of angiogenesis. With ERα, phytoestrogen activated or inhibited transcription of some angiogenesis-related genes, resulting in the promotion of angiogenesis, whereas, with ERβ, phytoestrogen regulated transcription of angiogenesis-related genes, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis. Therefore, the selectivity of phytoestrogen to ERα and ERβ may be critical in the balance of pro- or anti-angiogenesis process.
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Wu XY, Xu H, Wu ZF, Chen C, Liu JY, Wu GN, Yao XQ, Liu FK, Li G, Shen L. Formononetin, a novel FGFR2 inhibitor, potently inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in preclinical models. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44563-78. [PMID: 26575424 PMCID: PMC4792576 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most anti-angiogenic therapies currently being evaluated in clinical trials target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, however, the tumor vasculature can acquire resistance to VEGF-targeted therapy by shifting to other angiogenesis mechanisms. Therefore, other potential therapeutic agents that block non-VEGF angiogenic pathways need to be evaluated. Here we identified formononetin as a novel agent with potential anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer activities. Formononetin demonstrated inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in response to basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). In ex vivo and in vivo angiogenesis assays, formononetin suppressed FGF2-induced microvessel sprouting of rat aortic rings and angiogenesis. To understand the underlying molecular basis, we examined the effects of formononetin on different molecular components in treated endothelial cell, and found that formononetin suppressed FGF2-triggered activation of FGFR2 and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. Moreover, formononetin directly inhibited proliferation and blocked the oncogenic signaling pathways in breast cancer cell. In vivo, using xenograft models of breast cancer, formononetin showed growth-inhibitory activity associated with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, formononetin enhanced the effect of VEGFR2 inhibitor sunitinib on tumor growth inhibition. Taken together, our results indicate that formononetin targets the FGFR2-mediated Akt signaling pathway, leading to the suppression of tumor growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Feng Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Che Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Yun Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guan Nan Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Quan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fu Kun Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biological Resource Utilization in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong Province, China
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Fang LH, Liu SL, Wang RP, Hu SY, Ju WZ, Li CY. Tounong Powder () extracts induce G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in LoVo cells. Chin J Integr Med 2016:10.1007/s11655-016-2597-8. [PMID: 27358203 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To further explore the anti-cancer effect of Tounong Powder () extracts (TNSEs) on human colon cancer LoVo cells and examine the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS The contents of TNSEs were determined by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis after extraction with water and methanol. Variations of cell morphological features were observed using fluorescence microscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry at different TNSE doses (0, 62.5, 125, or 250 μg/mL). Protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphate protein kinase B (p-AKT), phosphate mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), p-p70s6k1, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 were detected using Western blot analysis. RESULTS TNSEs induced cell growth inhibition in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed apoptotic cells and cell cycle arrest at the G phase after TNSEs treatment compared with controls. Furthermore, TNSEs significantly down-regulated the proteins PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, and p-p70s6k1, and up-regulated the proteins cleaved caspase-9 and -3 dosedependently, as determined by Western blot. CONCLUSIONS TNSEs reduced LoVo cell proliferation, and caused apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in LoVo cells. This effect might be associated with regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hua Fang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Shen-Lin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui-Ping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Shou-You Hu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Ju
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chang-Yin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
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Auyeung KK, Han QB, Ko JK. Astragalus membranaceus: A Review of its Protection Against Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Cancers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:1-22. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus is a major medicinal herb commonly used in many herbal formulations in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat a wide variety of diseases and body disorders. Among its diversified clinical applications, the potential use of this herb and its chemical constituents in treatments of inflammatory diseases and cancers has been actively investigated in recent years. Astragalus-based treatments have demonstrated significant amelioration of the toxicity induced by other concurrently administered orthodox drugs (e.g., immunosuppressants and cancer chemotherapeutics). The major components of Astragalus membranaceus are polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins. Contemporary use of Astragalus membranaceus mainly focuses on its immunomodulating, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory, as well as anticancer effects. In this paper, we summarize the properties of Astragalus membranaceus and its major constituents in the biological system based on experimental and clinical studies. The antitumorigenic mechanisms of a novel Astragalus saponins extract called AST in treating various gastrointestinal cancers are highlighted. We discuss in detail how the Astragalus herb and AST influence the immune system, modulate various cancer signaling pathways, and interact with specific transcription molecules during protection against gastrointestinal inflammation and cancers. This information could help clinicians and scientists develop novel target-specific and effective therapeutic agents that are deprived of major systemic side effects, so as to establish a better treatment regimen in the battle against inflammatory diseases and cancers of the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy K. Auyeung
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Joshua K. Ko
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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Plant Natural Product Formononetin Protects Rat Cardiomyocyte H9c2 Cells against Oxygen Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation via Inhibiting ROS Formation and Promoting GSK-3β Phosphorylation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2060874. [PMID: 27034732 PMCID: PMC4806648 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2060874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a major cause of cell death in ischemia reperfusion injury. Based on our pilot experiments, plant natural product formononetin enhanced the survival of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells during oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) and reoxygenation. For mechanistic studies, we focused on two major cellular factors, namely, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), in the regulation of mPTP opening. We found that formononetin suppressed the formation of ROS and superoxide in a concentration-dependent manner. Formononetin also rescued OGD/reoxygenation-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity. Further studies suggested that formononetin induced Akt activation and GSK-3β (Ser9) phosphorylation, thereby reducing GSK-3β activity towards mPTP opening. PI3K and PKC inhibitors abolished the effects of formononetin on mPTP opening and GSK-3β phosphorylation. Immunoprecipitation experiments further revealed that formononetin increased the binding of phosphor-GSK-3β to adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) while it disrupted the complex of ANT with cyclophilin D. Moreover, immunofluorescence revealed that phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9) was mainly deposited in the space between mitochondria and cell nucleus. Collectively, these results indicated that formononetin protected cardiomyocytes from OGD/reoxygenation injury via inhibiting ROS formation and promoting GSK-3β phosphorylation.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the anticancer effects of Radix astragali (RA), one of the most commonly used herbs to manage cancer in East Asia, and its constituents and to provide evidence of clinical usage through previously performed clinical studies. METHODS Preclinical and clinical studies related to the anticancer effects of RA were searched from inception to November 2013 in electronic databases. Two reviewers independently investigated 92 eligible studies, extracted all the data of studies and appraised methodological quality of clinical trials. The studies were categorized into in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and clinical studies, and analyzed by saponins, polysaccharides, and flavonoids of RA constituents, RA fraction, and whole extract. RESULTS In preclinical studies, RA was reported to have tumor growth inhibitory effects, immunomodulatory effects, and attenuating adverse effects by cytotoxic agents as well as chemopreventive effects. Saponins seemed to be the main constituents, which directly contributed to suppression of tumor growth through the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway, modulation of intracellular signaling pathway, and inhibition of invasion and angiogenesis. Flavonoids suppressed tumor growth through the similar mechanisms with saponins. Polysaccharides showed immunomodulatory effects, contributing tumor shrinkages in animal models, despite the low cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Most of the clinical studies were performed with low evidence level of study designs because of various limitations. RA whole extracts and polysaccharides of RA were reported to improve the quality of life and ameliorate myelosuppression and other adverse events induced by cytotoxic therapies. CONCLUSION The polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids of RA, and the whole extract of RA have been widely reported with their anticancer effects in preclinical studies and showed a potential application as a adjunctive cancer therapeutics with the activities of immunomodulation, anti-proliferation and attenuation of adverse effects induced by cytotoxic therapy.
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Tseng A, Yang CH, Chen CH, Chen CH, Hsu SL, Lee MH, Lee HC, Su LJ. An in vivo molecular response analysis of colorectal cancer treated with Astragalus membranaceus extract. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:659-68. [PMID: 26719057 PMCID: PMC4689484 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The fact that many chemotherapeutic drugs cause chemoresistance and side effects during the course of colorectal cancer treatment necessitates development of novel cytotoxic agents aiming to attenuate new molecular targets. Here, we show that Astragalus membranaceus (Fischer) Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao (AM), a traditional Chinese medicine, can inhibit tumor growth in vivo and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The antitumor effect of AM was assessed on the subcutaneous tumors of human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 grafted into nude mice. The mice were treated with either water or 500 mg/kg AM once per day, before being sacrificed for extraction of tumors, which were then subjected to microarray expression profiling. The gene expression of the extraction was then profiled using microarray analysis. The identified genes differentially expressed between treated mice and controls reveal that administration of AM suppresses chromosome organization, histone modification, and regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. A separate analysis focused on differentially expressed microRNAs revealing involvement of macromolecule metabolism, and intracellular transport, as well as several cancer signaling pathways. For validation, the input of the identified genes to The Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures led to many chemopreventive agents of natural origin that produce similar gene expression profiles to that of AM. The demonstrated effectiveness of AM suggests a potential therapeutic drug for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailun Tseng
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hsueh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hoong-Chien Lee
- Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li S, Dang Y, Zhou X, Huang B, Huang X, Zhang Z, Kwan YW, Chan SW, Leung GPH, Lee SMY, Hoi MPM. Formononetin promotes angiogenesis through the estrogen receptor alpha-enhanced ROCK pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16815. [PMID: 26568398 PMCID: PMC4645220 DOI: 10.1038/srep16815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Formononetin is an isoflavone that has been shown to display estrogenic properties and induce angiogenesis activities. However, the interrelationship between the estrogenic properties and angiogenesis activities of formononetin are not well defined. In the present study, docking and enzymatic assay demonstrated that formononetin displayed direct binding to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) with an agonistic property. Results from Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) by using real-time migration xCELLigence system, immunofluorescence and western blotting provided strong evidences of formononetin induced endothelial cell migration and dramatic actin cytoskeleton spatial modification through ERα-enhanced-ROCK-II/MMP2/9 signaling pathways. In addition, results from co-immunoprecipitation suggested formononetin induced cell migration via recruiting of ERα/ROCK-II activated complex formation. More interestingly, in zebrafish embryo we observed that formononetin significantly promoted angiogenic sproutings in the subintestinal vessels (SIVs) that could be completely abolished by ROCK inhibitor. In this study, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms that formononetin produced proangiogenesis effects through an ERα-enhanced ROCK-II signaling pathways. Results from the present study also expand our knowledge about the enigmatic underlying mechanisms of phytoestrogenic compounds in the promotion of angiogenesis in relation to ERα and ROCK interaction in endothelial cells and their relationship with actin assembly and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yuanye Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zherui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yiu Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Shun Wan Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - George Pak Heng Leung
- Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Ming Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Srinivas C, Ramaiah MJ, Lavanya A, Yerramsetty S, Kavi Kishor PB, Basha SA, Kamal A, Bhadra U, Bhadra MP. Novel Etoposide Analogue Modulates Expression of Angiogenesis Associated microRNAs and Regulates Cell Proliferation by Targeting STAT3 in Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142006. [PMID: 26551008 PMCID: PMC4638343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment play role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Etoposide, a known topoisomerase II inhibitor induces DNA damage resulting in cell cycle arrest. We developed a novel Etoposide analogue, Quinazolino-4β-amidopodophyllotoxin (C-10) that show better efficacy in regulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We evaluated its role on expression of microRNAs-15, 16, 17 and 221 and its targets Bcl-2, STAT3 and VEGF that dictate cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Docking studies clearly demonstrated the binding of Etoposide and C-10 to STAT3. We conclude that combination of Etoposide or C-10 with miR-15, 16, 17 and 221 as a new approach to induce apoptosis and control angiogenesis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatla Srinivas
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - M. Janaki Ramaiah
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - A. Lavanya
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Yerramsetty
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Shaik Anver Basha
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Utpal Bhadra
- Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manika-Pal Bhadra
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- * E-mail:
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Flavonoids as a scaffold for development of novel anti-angiogenic agents: An experimental and computational enquiry. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 577-578:35-48. [PMID: 25937258 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Relationship between structural diversity and biological activities of flavonoids has remained an important discourse in the mainstream of flavonoid research. In the current study anti-angiogenic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory activities of diverse class of flavonoids including hydroxyl and methoxy substituted flavones, flavonones and flavonols have been evaluated in the light of developing flavonoids as a potential scaffold for designing novel anti-antiangiogenic agents. We demonstrate anti-angiogenic potential of flavonoids using in vivo chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) and further elaborate the possible structural reasoning behind observed anti-angiogenic effect using in silico methods. Additionally, we report antioxidant potential and kinetics of free radical scavenging activity using DPPH and SOR scavenging assays. Current study indicates that selected flavonoids possess considerable COX inhibition potential. Furthermore, we describe cytotoxicity of flavonoids against selected cancer cell lines using MTT cell viability assay. Structural analysis of in silico docking poses and predicted binding free energy values are not only in accordance with the experimental anti-angiogenic CAM values from this study but also are in agreement with the previously reported literature on crystallographic data concerning EGFR and VEGFR inhibition.
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Wang H, Zhang D, Ge M, Li Z, Jiang J, Li Y. Formononetin inhibits enterovirus 71 replication by regulating COX- 2/PGE₂ expression. Virol J 2015; 12:35. [PMID: 25890183 PMCID: PMC4351682 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of ERK, p38 and JNK signal cascade in host cells has been demonstrated to up-regulate of enterovirus 71 (EV71)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/ prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) expression which is essential for viral replication. So, we want to know whether a compound can inhibit EV71 infection by suppressing COX-2/PGE2 expression. Methods The antiviral effect of formononetin was determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) assay and the time course assays. The influence of formononetin for EV71 replication was determined by immunofluorescence assay, western blotting assay and qRT-PCR assay. The mechanism of the antiviral activity of formononetin was determined by western blotting assay and ELISA assay. Results Formononetin could reduce EV71 RNA and protein synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The time course assays showed that formononetin displayed significant antiviral activity both before (24 or 12 h) and after (0–6 h) EV71 inoculation in SK-N-SH cells. Formononetin was also able to prevent EV71-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) and suppress the activation of ERK, p38 and JNK signal pathways. Furthermore, formononetin could suppress the EV71-induced COX-2/PGE2 expression. Also, formononetin exhibited similar antiviral activities against other members of Picornaviridae including coxsackievirus B2 (CVB2), coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and coxsackievirus B6 (CVB6). Conclusions Formononetin could inhibit EV71-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production via MAPKs pathway including ERK, p38 and JNK. Formononetin exhibited antiviral activities against some members of Picornaviridae. These findings suggest that formononetin could be a potential lead or supplement for the development of new anti-EV71 agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Dajun Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Miao Ge
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhuorong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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The effect of tou nong san on transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:518454. [PMID: 25788964 PMCID: PMC4348604 DOI: 10.1155/2015/518454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tou Nong San (TNS) is a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction used to treat sores and carbuncles. It contains four herbal drugs and one animal medicine: Radix Astragaliseu Seu Hedysari, Angelica sinensis, Ligustici Chuanxiong, Spina Gleditsiae, and stir-baked Squama Manis. Previous studies have shown that it has anticancer effects. This report validates in vivo antitumor properties of TNS. The compounds contained in TNSE were confirmed by liquid chromatographmass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis. The in vivo antitumor activity of TNS extract (TNSE) was tested by feeding it to athymic mice harboring a human colonic tumor subcutaneous xenograft. Toxicity was monitored by recording behavior and weight parameters. Seven compounds were detected in TNSE by LC-MS. TNSE was fed to athymic mice for 2 weeks. No adverse reactions were reported. Compared to the control group, administration of TNSE to tumor bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor weight and volume. The expressions of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-p70s6k1, VEGF, and CD31 were significantly reduced, the expression levels of cleaved Caspase-9 and cleaved Caspase-3 were significantly increased in the TNSE groups compared to the control group as determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry. TNSE produced anticolonic cancer effects and the underlying mechanisms involved inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, inhibition of angiogenesis, and promotion of apoptotic proteins.
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Li J, Li Z, Li C, Gou J, Zhang Y. Molecular cloning and characterization of an isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase from Pueraria lobata. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:1173-85. [PMID: 24700248 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel isoflavone 7- O -glucosyltransferase PlUGT1 was isolated from Pueraria lobata . PlUGT1 could convert daidzein to daidzin, genistein to genistin as well as formononetin to ononin. Pueraria lobata roots are traditionally consumed as a rich source of isoflavone glycosides that have various human health benefits. However, to date, the genes encoding isoflavone UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) have only been isolated from the roots of soybean seedlings (GmIF7GT), soybean seeds (UGT73F2) and Glycyrrhiza echinata cell suspension cultures (GeIF7GT). To investigate the isoflavone metabolism in P. lobata, 40 types of partial UGT cDNAs were isolated from P. lobata, and seven full-length UGT candidates with preferential expression in roots were identified. Functional assays in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that one of these UGT candidates, designated PlUGT1 (official UGT designation UGT88E12), efficiently glycosylated isoflavone aglycones at the 7-hydroxy group. Recombinant PlUGT1 purified from Escherichia coli cells was characterized and shown to be relatively specific for isoflavone aglycones, while flavonoid substrates were poorly accepted. The biochemical results suggested that PlUGT1 was an isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase. The deduced amino acid sequence of PlUGT1 shared only 26 % identity with GeIF7GT, 27 % with UGT73F2 and 63 % with GmIF7GT. The PlUGT1 gene was highly expressed in P. lobata roots relative to other organs and strongly induced by methyl jasmonate signal in P. lobata cell suspension culture. The transcript abundance of PlUGT1 was correlated with the accumulation pattern of isoflavone glycosides such as daidzin in P. lobata plants or in cell suspension culture. The biochemical properties and gene expression profile supported the idea that PlUGT1 could play a role in isoflavone glycosylation in P. lobata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China,
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Zhang X, Bi L, Ye Y, Chen J. Formononetin Induces Apoptosis in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells Through Enhancing the Bax/Bcl-2 Ratios and Regulating the p38/Akt Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:656-61. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.894098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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MIYOSHI HISAAKI, MORISHITA ASAHIRO, TANI JOJI, SAKAMOTO TEPPEI, FUJITA KOJI, KATSURA AKIKO, TATSUTA MIWA, NOMURA TAKAKO, YONEYAMA HIROHITO, IWAMA HISAKAZU, SUZUKI YASUYUKI, MASAKI TSUTOMU. Expression profiles of 507 proteins from a biotin label-based antibody array in human colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:1277-81. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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