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Masud N, Aldahish A, Iczkowski KA, Kale A, Shah GV. Zinc finger protein‑like 1 is a novel neuroendocrine biomarker for prostate cancer. Int J Oncol 2023; 62:38. [PMID: 36799165 PMCID: PMC9937688 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate‑derived calcitonin (CT) and its receptor induce tumorigenicity and increase metastatic potential of prostate cancer (PC). CT‑inducible genes in human prostate were identified by subtraction hybridization. Among these genes, zinc finger protein like 1 (ZFPL1) protein was interesting since it was abundantly expressed in malignant prostates but was almost absent in benign prostates. ZFPL1 expression was upregulated by CT and androgens, and ZFPL1 protein was secreted by prostate tumor cells through exosomal secretion. Serum levels of ZFPL1 in cancer patients were at least 4‑fold higher than those in the sera of cancer‑free individuals. Cell biology of ZFPL1 suggests its localization in Golgi bodies and exosomes, and its colocalization with chromogranin A and CD44. These results suggested that ZFPL1 is secreted by tumor cells of neuroendocrine (NE)/stem cell phenotype. The knockdown of endogenous ZFPL1 in (PC) cells led to a remarkable decrease in cell proliferation, and invasion while increasing their apoptosis. As expected, the overexpression of ZFPL1 in prostate cells had an opposite effect on these functions. The knockdown of ZFPL1 in PC cells also decreased Akt phosphorylation, suggesting the actions of ZFPL1 may be mediated through the PI3K‑Akt pathway. Moreover, the present results revealed that ZFPL1 is released by tumors cells of NE or androgen‑independent phenotype and its serum levels are significantly higher in cancer patients, suggesting that it may serve as a blood‑based non‑invasive biomarker of aggressive PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neshat Masud
- Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Afaf Aldahish
- Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth A. Iczkowski
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ajay Kale
- Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Girish V. Shah
- Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
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Calcitonin receptor is required for T-antigen-induced prostate carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2020; 11:858-874. [PMID: 32180899 PMCID: PMC7061735 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of calcitonin (CT) and its receptor (CTR) is frequently elevated in prostate cancer (PC) and activation of CT–CTR axis in non- invasive PC cells induces an invasive phenotype. However, the role of CT-CTR axis in prostate carcinogenesis has not been investigated. We employed a transgenic mouse prostate cancer model that uses long probasin promoter to target the expression of T-antigen in the prostate gland (LPB-Tag) along with CTR knock-out mice (CTRKO) to address this question. We cross-bred LPB-Tag mice with CTRKO to obtain four groups of mice. Prostates of these mice were obtained at the age of 90 days, fixed, paraffin-embedded, and used either for the extraction of RNA or for immunofluorescence. Prostate RNAs from different groups were reverse transcribed and used either for transcription profiling or for qRT-PCR. As expected, prostates of mice with LPB-Tag genotype displayed well-grown tumors with histologic features such as loss of normal morphology and nuclear atypia. WT as well as CTRKO mice displayed normal prostate morphology. Interestingly, LPB-Tag-CTRKO prostates also displayed relatively normal morphology which was indistinguishable from the WT. Microarray analysis as well as qRT-PCR suggested that CTRKO genotype reversed T-antigen-induced silencing of RB and PTEN gene expression as well as T-antigen-induced expression of several enzymes associated with lipid metabolism/ cholesterol biosynthesis, several cancer-related and androgen-regulated genes. The results for the first time identify mechanisms associated CTR-induced prostate carcinogenesis, and raise an exciting possibility of using a potent CT antagonist to attenuate progression of prostate cancer.
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Nooh MM, Kale A, Bahouth SW. Involvement of PDZ-SAP97 interactions in regulating AQP2 translocation in response to vasopressin in LLC-PK 1 cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F375-F387. [PMID: 31141395 PMCID: PMC6732448 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00228.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine-vasopressin (AVP)-mediated translocation of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) protein-forming water channels from storage vesicles to the membrane of renal collecting ducts is critical for the renal conservation of water. The type-1 PDZ-binding motif (PBM) in AQP2, "GTKA," is a critical barcode for its translocation, but its precise role and that of its interacting protein partners in this process remain obscure. We determined that synapse-associated protein-97 (SAP97), a membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein involved in establishing epithelial cell polarity, was an avid binding partner to the PBM of AQP2. The role of PBM and SAP97 on AQP2 redistribution in response to AVP was assessed in LLC-PK1 renal collecting cells by confocal microscopy and cell surface biotinylation techniques. These experiments indicated that distribution of AQP2 and SAP97 overlapped in the kidneys and LLC-PK1 cells and that knockdown of SAP97 inhibited the translocation of AQP2 in response to AVP. Binding between AQP2 and SAP97 was mediated by specific interactions between the second PDZ of SAP97 and PBM of AQP2. Mechanistically, inactivation of the PBM of AQP2, global delocalization of PKA, or knockdown of SAP97 inhibited AQP2 translocation as well as AVP- and forskolin-mediated phosphorylation of Ser256 in AQP2, which serves as the major translocation barcode of AQP2. These results suggest that the targeting of PKA to the microdomain of AQP2 via SAP97-AQP2 interactions in association with cross-talk between two barcodes in AQP2, namely, the PBM and phospho-Ser256, plays an important role in the translocation of AQP2 in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Nooh
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ajay Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Suleiman W Bahouth
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Cappagli V, Potes CS, Ferreira LB, Tavares C, Eloy C, Elisei R, Sobrinho-Simões M, Wookey PJ, Soares P. Calcitonin receptor expression in medullary thyroid carcinoma. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3778. [PMID: 28929017 PMCID: PMC5600720 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcitonin expression is a well-established marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC); yet the role of calcitonin receptor (CTR), its seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor, remains to be established in C-cells derived thyroid tumors. The aim of this work was to investigate CTR expression in MTC and to correlate such expression with clinicopathological features in order to evaluate its possible role as a prognostic indicator of disease aggressiveness and outcome. Methods Calcitonin receptor expression was analyzed in a series of 75 MTCs by immunohistochemistry, and by qPCR mRNA quantification in specimens from four patients. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the correlation between CTR expression and the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of patients and tumors. Results Calcitonin receptor expression was detected in 62 out of 75 samples (82.7%), whereas 13 of the 75 samples (17.3%) were completely negative. CTR expression was significantly associated with expression of cytoplasmatic phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 and osteopontin, as well as with wild type RET/RAS genes and absence of tumor stroma, suggesting that CTR expression do not associate with clinicopathological signs of worse prognosis. Discussion Calcitonin receptor expression appears to be associated in MTC with more differentiated status of the neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Cappagli
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Catarina Soares Potes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biomedicine - Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana Bueno Ferreira
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Tavares
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Eloy
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Hospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter J Wookey
- Department of Medicine at Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Paula Soares
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study is to highlight recent discoveries associated with the role of calcitonin peptide family and their receptors in prostate cancer progression and bone metastasis. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have linked adrenomedullin (AM), calcitonin (CT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to the spread of prostate tumours to the bone. AM can induce a metastatic phenotype in prostate cancer cells through its action on TRPV2 calcium channels and is also capable of influencing localised levels of RANKL in the bone to favour tumourigenesis. CT utilises A-kinase anchoring proteins to indirectly act on PKA and promote metastasis in prostate cancer. The receptor for CT contains a PDZ-binding domain, the deletion of which stops metastasis to the bone in orthotopic prostate models. SUMMARY Recent findings show strong evidence for the role of calcitonin peptides and receptors in prostate cancer and bone metastasis. Further research could provide potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for prostate cancer patients.
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