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Siqueira PB, de Sousa Rodrigues MM, de Amorim ÍSS, da Silva TG, da Silva Oliveira M, Rodrigues JA, de Souza da Fonseca A, Mencalha AL. The APE1/REF-1 and the hallmarks of cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:47. [PMID: 38165468 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
APE1/REF-1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 / redox factor-1) is a protein with two domains, with endonuclease function and redox activity. Its main activity described is acting in DNA repair by base excision repair (BER) pathway, which restores DNA damage caused by oxidation, alkylation, and single-strand breaks. In contrast, the APE1 redox domain is responsible for regulating transcription factors, such as AP-1 (activating protein-1), NF-κB (Nuclear Factor kappa B), HIF-1α (Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha), and STAT3 (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3). These factors are involved in physiological cellular processes, such as cell growth, inflammation, and angiogenesis, as well as in cancer. In human malignant tumors, APE1 overexpression is associated with lung, colon, ovaries, prostate, and breast cancer progression, more aggressive tumor phenotypes, and worse prognosis. In this review, we explore APE1 and its domain's role in cancer development processes, highlighting the role of APE1 in the hallmarks of cancer. We reviewed original articles and reviews from Pubmed related to APE1 and cancer and found that both domains of APE1/REF-1, but mainly its redox activity, are essential to cancer cells. This protein is often overexpressed in cancer, and its expression and activity are correlated to processes such as proliferation, invasion, inflammation, angiogenesis, and resistance to cell death. Therefore, APE1 participates in essential processes of cancer development. Then, the activity of APE1/REF-1 in these hallmarks suggests that targeting this protein could be a good therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscyanne Barreto Siqueira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Mariana Moreno de Sousa Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Ísis Salviano Soares de Amorim
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Thayssa Gomes da Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biofotônica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Matheus da Silva Oliveira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Juliana Alves Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biofotônica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Andre Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Laboratório de Biologia do Câncer, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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2
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Zhao H, Ding Y, Zhang L. SIRT1/APE1 promotes the viability of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting p53 to suppress ferroptosis. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20220620. [PMID: 36820068 PMCID: PMC9938643 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common cancer worldwide with high mortality. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) are abnormally expressed in GC cells and related to p53, which is involved in ferroptosis. Thus, we explore the mechanism via which SIRT1, APE1, and p53 impact ferroptosis in GC cells. Specifically, GC cells were transfected with small-interfering RNA for SIRT1 (SiSIRT1) or small-interfering RNA for APE1 (SiAPE1) or with short-hairpin RNA for p53, and the cell viability, Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) contents were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were conducted to quantify SIRT1, APE1, p53, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels in GC cells. Silencing of SIRT1 decreased viability, GSH content, and expressions of GPX4 and SLC7A11, while increased Fe2+, MDA content, and p53 expression in GC cells. Such aforementioned effects were reversed by APE1 overexpression. Also, SiAPE1 generated the same effects as SiSIRT1 on the above aspects, which was offset by p53 silencing. In short, SIRT1/APE1 promotes the growth of GC cells by targeting p53 to inhibit ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China
| | - Yuanyi Ding
- Department of No. 2 General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China
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3
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Oxidative Stress, Genomic Integrity, and Liver Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103159. [PMID: 35630636 PMCID: PMC9147071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species production and free radical formation can lead to oxidative stress that can damage cells, tissues, and organs. Cellular oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between ROS production and antioxidants. This imbalance can lead to malfunction or structure modification of major cellular molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNAs. During oxidative stress conditions, DNA and protein structure modifications can lead to various diseases. Various antioxidant-specific gene expression and signal transduction pathways are activated during oxidative stress to maintain homeostasis and to protect organs from oxidative injury and damage. The liver is more vulnerable to oxidative conditions than other organs. Antioxidants, antioxidant-specific enzymes, and the regulation of the antioxidant responsive element (ARE) genes can act against chronic oxidative stress in the liver. ARE-mediated genes can act as the target site for averting/preventing liver diseases caused by oxidative stress. Identification of these ARE genes as markers will enable the early detection of liver diseases caused by oxidative conditions and help develop new therapeutic interventions. This literature review is focused on antioxidant-specific gene expression upon oxidative stress, the factors responsible for hepatic oxidative stress, liver response to redox signaling, oxidative stress and redox signaling in various liver diseases, and future aspects.
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Alvarado-Ortiz E, de la Cruz-López KG, Becerril-Rico J, Sarabia-Sánchez MA, Ortiz-Sánchez E, García-Carrancá A. Mutant p53 Gain-of-Function: Role in Cancer Development, Progression, and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607670. [PMID: 33644030 PMCID: PMC7905058 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent p53 mutations (mutp53) not only abolish tumor suppressor capacities but confer various gain-of-function (GOF) activities that impacts molecules and pathways now regarded as central for tumor development and progression. Although the complete impact of GOF is still far from being fully understood, the effects on proliferation, migration, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion, among others, certainly constitute major driving forces for human tumors harboring them. In this review we discuss major molecular mechanisms driven by mutp53 GOF. We present novel mechanistic insights on their effects over key functional molecules and processes involved in cancer. We analyze new mechanistic insights impacting processes such as immune system evasion, metabolic reprogramming, and stemness. In particular, the increased lipogenic activity through the mevalonate pathway (MVA) and the alteration of metabolic homeostasis due to interactions between mutp53 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) that impact anabolic pathways and favor metabolic reprograming. We address, in detail, the impact of mutp53 over metabolic reprogramming and the Warburg effect observed in cancer cells as a consequence, not only of loss-of-function of p53, but rather as an effect of GOF that is crucial for the imbalance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, transcriptional activation of new targets, resulting from interaction of mutp53 with NF-kB, HIF-1α, or SREBP1, are presented and discussed. Finally, we discuss perspectives for targeting molecules and pathways involved in chemo-resistance of tumor cells resulting from mutp53 GOF. We discuss and stress the fact that the status of p53 currently constitutes one of the most relevant criteria to understand the role of autophagy as a survival mechanism in cancer, and propose new therapeutic approaches that could promote the reduction of GOF effects exercised by mutp53 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Griselda de la Cruz-López
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jared Becerril-Rico
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Sarabia-Sánchez
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Laboratorio de Virus and Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Alejandro García-Carrancá
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5
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Codrich M, Comelli M, Malfatti MC, Mio C, Ayyildiz D, Zhang C, Kelley MR, Terrosu G, Pucillo CEM, Tell G. Inhibition of APE1-endonuclease activity affects cell metabolism in colon cancer cells via a p53-dependent pathway. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102675. [PMID: 31450087 PMCID: PMC7092503 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves different mechanisms, such as genomic and microsatellite instabilities. Recently, a contribution of the base excision repair (BER) pathway in CRC pathology has been emerged. In this context, the involvement of APE1 in the BER pathway and in the transcriptional regulation of genes implicated in tumor progression strongly correlates with chemoresistance in CRC and in more aggressive cancers. In addition, the APE1 interactome is emerging as an important player in tumor progression, as demonstrated by its interaction with Nucleophosmin (NPM1). For these reasons, APE1 is becoming a promising target in cancer therapy and a powerful prognostic and predictive factor in several cancer types. Thus, specific APE1 inhibitors have been developed targeting: i) the endonuclease activity; ii) the redox function and iii) the APE1-NPM1 interaction. Furthermore, mutated p53 is a common feature of advanced CRC. The relationship between APE1 inhibition and p53 is still completely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the inhibition of the endonuclease activity of APE1 triggers p53-mediated effects on cell metabolism in HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. In particular, the inhibition of the endonuclease activity, but not of the redox function or of the interaction with NPM1, promotes p53 activation in parallel to sensitization of p53-expressing HCT-116 cell line to genotoxic treatment. Moreover, the endonuclease inhibitor affects mitochondrial activity in a p53-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that 3D organoids derived from CRC patients are susceptible to APE1-endonuclease inhibition in a p53-status correlated manner, recapitulating data obtained with HCT-116 isogenic cell lines. These findings suggest the importance of further studies aimed at testing the possibility to target the endonuclease activity of APE1 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Codrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Marina Comelli
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Catia Mio
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark R Kelley
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Giovanni Terrosu
- General Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Carlo E M Pucillo
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy.
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6
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Young D, Pedre B, Ezeriņa D, De Smet B, Lewandowska A, Tossounian MA, Bodra N, Huang J, Astolfi Rosado L, Van Breusegem F, Messens J. Protein Promiscuity in H 2O 2 Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1285-1324. [PMID: 29635930 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Decrypting the cellular response to oxidative stress relies on a comprehensive understanding of the redox signaling pathways stimulated under oxidizing conditions. Redox signaling events can be divided into upstream sensing of oxidants, midstream redox signaling of protein function, and downstream transcriptional redox regulation. Recent Advances: A more and more accepted theory of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling is that of a thiol peroxidase redox relay, whereby protein thiols with low reactivity toward H2O2 are instead oxidized through an oxidative relay with thiol peroxidases. CRITICAL ISSUES These ultrareactive thiol peroxidases are the upstream redox sensors, which form the first cellular port of call for H2O2. Not all redox-regulated interactions between thiol peroxidases and cellular proteins involve a transfer of oxidative equivalents, and the nature of redox signaling is further complicated through promiscuous functions of redox-regulated "moonlighting" proteins, of which the precise cellular role under oxidative stress can frequently be obscured by "polygamous" interactions. An ultimate goal of redox signaling is to initiate a rapid response, and in contrast to prokaryotic oxidant-responsive transcription factors, mammalian systems have developed redox signaling pathways, which intersect both with kinase-dependent activation of transcription factors, as well as direct oxidative regulation of transcription factors through peroxiredoxin (Prx) redox relays. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We highlight that both transcriptional regulation and cell fate can be modulated either through oxidative regulation of kinase pathways, or through distinct redox-dependent associations involving either Prxs or redox-responsive moonlighting proteins with functional promiscuity. These protein associations form systems of crossregulatory networks with multiple nodes of potential oxidative regulation for H2O2-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Young
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brandan Pedre
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Smet
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Lewandowska
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria-Armineh Tossounian
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nandita Bodra
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Astolfi Rosado
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- 2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Messens
- 1 Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,2 Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,3 Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Łuczaj W, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Antioxidants and HNE in redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:87-101. [PMID: 27888001 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, cells are in a stable state known as redox homeostasis, which is maintained by the balance between continuous ROS/RNS generation and several mechanisms involved in antioxidant activity. ROS overproduction results in alterations in the redox homeostasis that promote oxidative damage to major components of the cell, including the biomembrane phospholipids. Lipid peroxidation subsequently generates a diverse set of products, including α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Of these products, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is the most studied aldehyde on the basis of its involvement in cellular physiology and pathology. This review summarizes the current knowledge in the field of HNE generation, metabolism, and detoxification, as well as its interactions with various cellular macromolecules (protein, phospholipid, and nucleic acid). The formation of HNE-protein adducts enables HNE to participate in multi-step regulation of cellular metabolic pathways that include signaling and transcription of antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory factors, and anti-apoptotic proteins. The most widely described roles for HNE in the signaling pathways are associated with its activation of kinases, as well as transcription factors that are responsible for redox homeostasis (Ref-1, Nrf2, p53, NFκB, and Hsf1). Depending on its level, HNE exerts harmful or protective effects associated with the induction of antioxidant defense mechanisms. These effects make HNE a key player in maintaining redox homeostasis, as well as producing imbalances in this system that participate in aging and the development of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Common polymorphisms of the hOGG1, APE1 and XRCC1 genes correlate with the susceptibility and clinicopathological features of primary angle-closure glaucoma. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160644. [PMID: 28396513 PMCID: PMC5477560 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present case study aims to elucidate the correlation between the human 8-hydroxyguanineglycosylase (hOGG1), APE1 and X-ray repair cross-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1) gene polymorphisms to the susceptibility and clinicopathological features of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in a Chinese Han population. Blood samples were obtained from 258 PACG patients (case group) and 272 healthy volunteers (control group). PCR with sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) was used to determine the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of the hOGG1, APE1 and XRCC1 genes. The risk factors of PACG were determined using logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that hOGG1 Ser326Cys, APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms were correlated with the risk of PACG. Furthermore, there were thicker corneas, higher intraocular pressure (IOP) and a shorter axial length in patients carrying the mutant genotypes of hOGG1 Ser326Cys (Ser/Cys + Cys/Cys), APE1 Asp148Glu (Asp/Glu + Glu/Glu) and XRCC1 Arg399Gln (Arg/Gln + Glu/Glu) than those carrying the corresponding wild-type genotypes. According to the logistic regression analysis, Asp148Glu and Arg399Gln polymorphisms, a short axial length and high IOP are major risk factors for PACG. These findings reveal that hOGG1 Ser326Cys, APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms are correlated with the risk and clinicopathological features of PACG in a Chinese Han population.
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9
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Brym P, Kamiński S. Microarray analysis of differential gene expression profiles in blood cells of naturally BLV-infected and uninfected Holstein-Friesian cows. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 44:109-127. [PMID: 27812893 PMCID: PMC5310575 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine gene expression changes in response to bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection, in an effort to determine genes that take a part in molecular events leading to persistent lymphocytosis (PL), and to better define genes involved in host response to BLV infection. Using bovine 70-mer oligonucleotide spotted microarrays (BLOPlus) and qRT-PCR validation, we studied global gene expression profiles in blood cells in vivo of 12 naturally BLV-infected Polish Holstein cows, and 12 BLV non-infected controls of the same breed and reared in herds with high BLV seroprevalence. With an arbitrary cut-off value of 1.5-fold change in gene expression, we identified the down-regulation of 212 genes (M value ≤-0.585) and the up-regulation of 158 genes (M value of ≥0.585) at 1% false discovery rate in BLV-positive animals in comparison to the BLV-negative group. The gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed (DE) genes could be classified to diverse biological processes, including immune response of host blood cells. Interestingly, our data indicated the potential involvement of the innate immunity, including complement system activation, NK-cell cytotoxicity and TREM-1 signaling, during the BLV-induced pathogenesis. We showed the occurrence of numerous regulatory processes that are targeted by BLV-infection. We also suggest that a complex network of interrelated pathways is disturbed, causing the interruption of the control of B-cell proliferation and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Brym
- Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - S Kamiński
- Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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10
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Abstract
The cells in the human body are continuously challenged by a variety of genotoxic attacks. Erroneous repair of the DNA can lead to mutations and chromosomal aberrations that can alter the functions of tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, thus causing cancer development. As a central tumor suppressor, p53 guards the genome by orchestrating a variety of DNA-damage-response (DDR) mechanisms. Already early in metazoan evolution, p53 started controlling the apoptotic demise of genomically compromised cells. p53 plays a prominent role as a facilitator of DNA repair by halting the cell cycle to allow time for the repair machineries to restore genome stability. In addition, p53 took on diverse roles to also directly impact the activity of various DNA-repair systems. It thus appears as if p53 is multitasking in providing protection from cancer development by maintaining genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley B Williams
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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11
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Nguyen DN, Jiang P, Stensballe A, Bendixen E, Sangild PT, Chatterton DEW. Bovine lactoferrin regulates cell survival, apoptosis and inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells and preterm pig intestine. J Proteomics 2016; 139:95-102. [PMID: 26996464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) may modulate neonatal intestinal inflammation. Previous studies in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) indicated that moderate bLF doses enhance proliferation whereas high doses trigger inflammation. To further elucidate cellular mechanisms, we profiled the porcine IEC proteome after stimulation with bLF at 0, 0.1, 1 and 10g/L by LC-MS-based proteomics. Key pathways were analyzed in the intestine of formula-fed preterm pigs with and without supplementation of 10g/L bLF. Levels of 123 IEC proteins were altered by bLF. Low bLF doses (0.1-1g/L) up-regulated 11 proteins associated with glycolysis, energy metabolism and protein synthesis, indicating support of cell survival. In contrast, a high bLF dose (10g/L) up-regulated three apoptosis-inducing proteins, down-regulated five anti-apoptotic and proliferation-inducing proteins and 15 proteins related to energy and amino acid metabolism, and altered three proteins enhancing the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. In the preterm pig intestine, bLF at 10g/L decreased villus height/crypt depth ratio and up-regulated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and HIF-1α, indicating elevated intestinal apoptosis and inflammation. In conclusion, bLF dose-dependently affects IECs via metabolic, apoptotic and inflammatory pathways. It is important to select an appropriate dose when feeding neonates with bLF to avoid detrimental effects exerted by excessive doses. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The present work elucidates dose-dependent effects of bLF on the proteomic changes of IECs in vitro supplemented with data from a preterm pig study confirming detrimental effects of enteral feeding with the highest dose of bLF (10g/L). The study contributes to further understanding on mechanisms that bLF, as an important milk protein, can regulate the homeostasis of the immature intestine. Results from this study urge neonatologists to carefully consider the dose of bLF to supplement into infant formula used for preterm neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Ninh Nguyen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Denmark
| | - Emøke Bendixen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Per T Sangild
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark
| | - Dereck E W Chatterton
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark.
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Poletto M, Legrand AJ, Fletcher SC, Dianov GL. p53 coordinates base excision repair to prevent genomic instability. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:3165-75. [PMID: 26773055 PMCID: PMC4838360 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA constantly undergoes chemical modification due to endogenous and exogenous mutagens. The DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway is the frontline mechanism handling the majority of these lesions, and primarily involves a DNA incision and subsequent resealing step. It is imperative that these processes are extremely well-coordinated as unrepaired DNA single strand breaks (SSBs) can be converted to DNA double strand breaks during replication thus triggering genomic instability. However, the mechanism(s) governing the BER process are poorly understood. Here we show that accumulation of unrepaired SSBs triggers a p53/Sp1-dependent downregulation of APE1, the endonuclease responsible for the DNA incision during BER. Importantly, we demonstrate that impaired p53 function, a characteristic of many cancers, leads to a failure of the BER coordination mechanism, overexpression of APE1, accumulation of DNA strand breaks and results in genomic instability. Our data provide evidence for a previously unrecognized mechanism for coordination of BER by p53, and its dysfunction in p53-inactivated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Poletto
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Arnaud J Legrand
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Sally C Fletcher
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrenteva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zhu J, Zhang C, Qing Y, Cheng Y, Jiang X, Li M, Yang Z, Wang D. Genistein induces apoptosis by stabilizing intracellular p53 protein through an APE1-mediated pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:209-18. [PMID: 26032169 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genistein (GEN) has been previously shown to have a proapoptotic effect on cancer cells through a p53-dependent pathway, the mechanism of which remains unclear. One of its intracellular targets, APE1, protects against apoptosis under genotoxic stress and interacts with p53. In this current study, we explored the mechanism of the proapoptotic effect of GEN by examining the APE1-p53 protein-protein interaction. We initially showed that the p53 protein level was elevated in GEN-treated human non-small lung cancer A549 cells and cervical cancer HeLa cells. By examining both protein synthesis and degradation, we found that GEN enhances p53 intracellular stability by interfering with the interaction of APE1 and p53, which provided a plausible explanation for how GEN initiates apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that the interaction between APE1 and p53 is important for the degradation of p53 and is dependent on the redox domain of APE1 by utilizing the redox domain mutant APE1 C65A. Our data suggest that the degradation of wild-type p53 is blocked when the redox domain of APE1 is masked or interrupted. Based on this evidence, we hereby report a novel mechanism of p53 degradation through an APE1-mediated, redox-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Zhu
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Qing
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
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