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Gonçalves AC, Rodrigues S, Fonseca R, Silva LR. Potential Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Reports. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:590. [PMID: 38794160 PMCID: PMC11124183 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex illness with both hereditary and environmental components. Globally, in 2019, 18 million people had RA. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, cartilage loss, and bone erosion. Phenolic molecules are the most prevalent secondary metabolites in plants, with a diverse spectrum of biological actions that benefit functional meals and nutraceuticals. These compounds have received a lot of attention recently because they have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-rheumatoid activity by modulating tumor necrosis factor, mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases, as well as other preventative properties. This article discusses dietary polyphenols, their pharmacological properties, and innovative delivery technologies for the treatment of RA, with a focus on their possible biological activities. Nonetheless, commercialization of polyphenols may be achievable only after confirming their safety profile and completing successful clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Sofia Rodrigues
- Health Superior School, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3500-843 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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2
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Zhou L, Jian T, Wan Y, Huang R, Fang H, Wang Y, Liang C, Ding X, Chen J. Luteolin Alleviates Oxidative Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Induced by Cigarette Smoke via Modulation of the TRPV1 and CYP2A13/NRF2 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:369. [PMID: 38203542 PMCID: PMC10779282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of luteolin (Lut), a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various medicinal plants, for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through both in vitro and in vivo studies. The results demonstrated that Lut increased body weight, reduced lung tissue swelling and lung damage indices, mitigated systemic oxidative stress levels, and decreased alveolar fusion in cigarette smoke (CS)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD mice. Additionally, Lut was observed to downregulate the expression of the TRPV1 and CYP2A13 proteins while upregulating SIRT6 and NRF2 protein expression in CS + LPS-induced COPD mice and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated A549 cells. The concentrations of total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS in A549 cells induced by CSE significantly increased. Moreover, CSE caused a notable elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels in A549 cells. Importantly, Lut exhibited inhibitory effects on the inward flow of Ca2+ and attenuated the overproduction of mitochondrial and intracellular ROS in A549 cells treated with CSE. In conclusion, Lut demonstrated a protective role in alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in CS + LPS-induced COPD mice and CSE-treated A549 cells by regulating TRPV1/SIRT6 and CYP2A13/NRF2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Z.); (T.J.); (C.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Tunyu Jian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Z.); (T.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Yan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Rizhong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hailing Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Z.); (T.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Z.); (T.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Jian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Z.); (T.J.); (C.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.W.); (R.H.); (H.F.); (Y.W.)
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3
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Sharifi-Rad J, Seidel V, Izabela M, Monserrat-Mequida M, Sureda A, Ormazabal V, Zuniga FA, Mangalpady SS, Pezzani R, Ydyrys A, Tussupbekova G, Martorell M, Calina D, Cho WC. Phenolic compounds as Nrf2 inhibitors: potential applications in cancer therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:89. [PMID: 37127651 PMCID: PMC10152593 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and involves an oxidative stress mechanism. The transcription factor Nrf2 has a crucial role in cytoprotective response against oxidative stress, including cancer growth and progression and therapy resistance. For this reason, inhibitors of Nrf2 are new targets to be studied. Traditional plant-based remedies rich in phytochemicals have been used against human cancers and phenolic compounds are known for their chemopreventive properties. This comprehensive review offers an updated review of the role of phenolic compounds as anticancer agents due to their action on Nrf2 inhibition. In addition, the role of naturally-occurring bioactive anticancer agents are covered in the clinical applications of polyphenols as Nrf2 inhibitors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michalak Izabela
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mequida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeska Ormazabal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe A Zuniga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Phytotherapy Lab, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Ospedale 105, 35128, Padova, Italy
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana Per La Ricerca Oncologica Di Base, Padova, Italy
| | - Alibek Ydyrys
- Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- The Elliott School of International Affairs, 1957 E St NW, George Washington UniversityWashington DC, 20052, USA
| | - Gulmira Tussupbekova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, 4070386, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Diao Y, Ding Q, Xu G, Li Y, Li Z, Zhu H, Zhu W, Wang P, Shi Y. Qingfei Litan Decoction Against Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The Potential Roles of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:857502. [PMID: 35677439 PMCID: PMC9168533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.857502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is an acute respiratory failure syndrome characterized by progressive arterial hypoxemia and dyspnea. Qingfei Litan (QFLT) decoction, as a classic prescription for the treatment of acute respiratory infections, is effective for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. In this study, the compounds, hub targets, and major pathways of QFLT in ALI/ARDS treatment were analyzed using Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and systemic pharmacology strategies. UHPLC-MS identified 47 main components of QFLT. To explore its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mechanisms, gene ontology (Go) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and network pharmacological analysis were conducted based on the main 47 components. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that TNF signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway may be the key pathways of ALI/ARDS. We explored the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pharmacological effects of QFLT in treatment of ALI/ARDS in vivo and in vitro. QFLT suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviated oxidative stress in LPS-challenged mice. In vitro, QFLT decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β secreted by LPS-activated macrophages, increased GSH level and decreased the LPS-activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung epithelial A549 cells. This study suggested that QFLT may have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects on ALI/ARDS, combining in vivo and in vitro experiments with systemic pharmacology, providing a potential therapeutic strategy option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Diao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gonghao Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiu Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanping Zhu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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5
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Cellular and Molecular Signatures of Oxidative Stress in Bronchial Epithelial Cell Models Injured by Cigarette Smoke Extract. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031770. [PMID: 35163691 PMCID: PMC8836577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of the airways epithelium to environmental insults, including cigarette smoke, results in increased oxidative stress due to unbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants. Oxidative stress is a feature of inflammation and promotes the progression of chronic lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Increased oxidative stress leads to exhaustion of antioxidant defenses, alterations in autophagy/mitophagy and cell survival regulatory mechanisms, thus promoting cell senescence. All these events are amplified by the increase of inflammation driven by oxidative stress. Several models of bronchial epithelial cells are used to study the molecular mechanisms and the cellular functions altered by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure, and to test the efficacy of molecules with antioxidant properties. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of human in-vitro and ex-vivo studies published from 2011 to 2021 describing the molecular and cellular mechanisms evoked by CSE exposure in bronchial epithelial cells, the most used experimental models and the mechanisms of action of cellular antioxidants systems as well as natural and synthetic antioxidant compounds.
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6
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Yang J, Sun Y, Cao F, Yang B, Kuang H. Natural Products from Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino: A Review on Their Structural Analysis, Quality Control, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030695. [PMID: 35163960 PMCID: PMC8840080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The calyxes and fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (P. alkekengi), a medicinal and edible plant, are frequently used as heat-clearing and detoxifying agents in thousands of Chinese medicine prescriptions. For thousands of years in China, they have been widely used in clinical practice to treat throat disease, hepatitis, and bacillary dysentery. This systematic review summarizes their structural analysis, quality control, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, the possible development trends and perspectives for future research studies on this medicinal plant are discussed. Relevant information on the calyxes and fruits of P. alkekengi was collected from electronic databases, Chinese herbal classics, and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, information was collected from ancient documents in China. The components isolated and identified in P. alkekengi include steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, nucleosides, terpenoids, megastigmane, aliphatic derivatives, organic acids, coumarins, and sucrose esters. Steroids, particularly physalins and flavonoids, are the major characteristic and bioactive ingredients in P. alkekengi. According to the literature, physalins are synthesized by the mevalonate and 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate pathways, and flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid pathway. Since the chemical components and pharmacological effects of P. alkekengi are complex and varied, there are different standards for the evaluation of its quality and efficacy. In most cases, the analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection. A pharmacological study showed that the crude extracts and isolated compounds from P. alkekengi had extensive in vitro and in vivo biological activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, immunosuppressive, antibacterial, anti-leishmanial, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative, anti-malarial, anti-Alzheimer's disease, and vasodilatory). Moreover, the relevant anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor mechanisms were elucidated. The reported activities indicate the great pharmacological potential of P. alkekengi. Similarly, studies on the pharmacokinetics of specific compounds will also contribute to the progress of clinical research in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Feng Cao
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China;
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-82197188
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7
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Lim HM, Park SH. Regulation of reactive oxygen species by phytochemicals for the management of cancer and diabetes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5911-5936. [PMID: 34996316 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2025574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and diabetes mellitus are served as typical life-threatening diseases with common risk factors. Developing therapeutic measures in cancers and diabetes have aroused attention for a long time. However, the problems with conventional treatments are in challenge, including side effects, economic burdens, and patient compliance. It is essential to secure safe and efficient therapeutic methods to overcome these issues. As an alternative method, antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of phytochemicals from edible plants have come to the fore. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds, considered promising agent applicable in treatment of various diseases with beneficial effects. Either antioxidative or pro-oxidative activity of various phytochemicals were found to contribute to regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, which can exert preventive and therapeutic effects against cancer and diabetes. In this article, the antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects and underlying mechanisms of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins in cancer or diabetic models demonstrated by the recent studies are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heui Min Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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8
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Reis R, Orak D, Yilmaz D, Cimen H, Sipahi H. Modulation of cigarette smoke extract-induced human bronchial epithelial damage by eucalyptol and curcumin. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1445-1462. [PMID: 33686898 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121997986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is one of the most important leading death cause worldwide. From a toxicological perspective, cigarette smoke serves hazards especially for the human being exposed to passive smoke. Over the last decades, the effects of natural compounds on smoking-mediated respiratory diseases such as COPD, asthma, and lung cancer have been under investigation, as well as the mechanistic aspects of disease progression. In the present study, the protective mechanism of eucalyptol (EUC), curcumin (CUR), and their combination on BEAS-2B cells were investigated in vitro to understand their impact on cell death, oxidative cell injury, and inflammatory response induced by 3R4F reference cigarette extract (CSE). According to the present findings, EUC, CUR, and their combination improved cell viability, attenuated CSE-induced apoptosis, and LC3B expression. Further, CSE-induced oxidative damage and inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells were remarkably reduced by the combination treatment through modification of enzymatic antioxidant activity, GSH, MDA, and intracellular ROS levels as well as nitrite and IL-6 levels. In addition, nuclear translocation of Nrf2, a regulatory protein involved in the indirect antioxidant response, was remarkably up-regulated with the combination pre-treatment. In conclusion, EUC and CUR in combination might be a potential therapeutic against smoking-induced lung diseases through antioxidant and inflammatory pathways and results represent valuable background for future in vivo pulmonary toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reis
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Orak
- Drug, Cosmetic and Medical Device Research-Development and Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Yilmaz
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Cimen
- Yeditepe Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Laboratory (YediPROT), Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wu H, Luo Y, Xu D, Ke X, Ci T. Low molecular weight heparin modified bone targeting liposomes for orthotopic osteosarcoma and breast cancer bone metastatic tumors. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2583-2597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Ali F, Siddique YH. Bioavailability and Pharmaco-therapeutic Potential of Luteolin in Overcoming Alzheimer's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:352-365. [PMID: 30892166 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190319141835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin is a naturally occurring, yellow crystalline flavonoid found in numerous dietary supplements we frequently have in our meals. Studies in the last 2 decades have revealed its therapeutic potential to reduce the Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms in various in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-Alzheimer's potential of luteolin is attributed to its ability to suppress Aβ as well as tau aggregation or promote their disaggregation, down-regulate the expression of COX-2, NOS, MMP-9, TNF-α, interleukins and chemokines, reduce oxidative stress by scavenging ROS, modulate the activities of transcription factors CREB, cJun, Nrf-1, NF-κB, p38, p53, AP-1 and β-catenine and inhibiting the activities of various protein kinases. In several systems, luteolin has been described as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, we have also discussed about the bio-availability of the luteolin in the plasma. After being metabolized luteolin persists in plasma as glucuronides and sulphate-conjugates. Human clinical trials indicated no dose limiting toxicity when administered at a dose of 100 mg/day. Improvements in the formulations and drug delivery systems may further enhance the bioavailability and potency of luteolin. The current review describes in detail the data supporting these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Ali
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
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Tempol reduces inflammation and oxidative damage in cigarette smoke-exposed mice by decreasing neutrophil infiltration and activating the Nrf2 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 329:109210. [PMID: 32726580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture capable of triggering inflammation and oxidative damage in animals at pulmonary and systemic levels. Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) reduces tissue injury associated with inflammation in vivo by mechanisms that are not completely understood. Here we evaluated the effect of tempol on inflammation and oxidative damage induced by acute exposure to cigarette smoke in vivo. Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 32) were divided into 4 groups (n = 8 each): 1) control group exposed to ambient air (GC), 2) animals exposed to cigarette smoke for 5 days (CSG), mice treated 3) prior or 4) concomitantly with tempol (50 mg/kg/day) and exposed to cigarette smoke for 5 days. The results showed that the total number of leukocytes and neutrophils increased in the respiratory tract and lung parenchyma of mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Likewise, MPO levels and activity as well as lipid peroxidation and lung protein nitration and carbonylation also increased. Administration of tempol before or during exposure to cigarette smoke inhibited all the above parameters. Tempol also reduced the pulmonary expression of the inflammatory cytokines Il-6, Il-1β and Il-17 to basal levels and of Tnf-α by approximately 50%. In contrast, tempol restored Il-10 and Tgf-β levels and enhanced the expression of Nrf2-associated genes, such as Ho-1 and Gpx2. Accordingly, total GPx activity increased in lung homogenates of tempol-treated animals. Taken together, our results show that tempol protects mouse lungs from inflammation and oxidative damage resulting from exposure to cigarette smoke, likely through reduction of leukocyte infiltration and increased transcription of some of the Nrf2-controlled genes.
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12
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Schomberg J, Wang Z, Farhat A, Guo KL, Xie J, Zhou Z, Liu J, Kovacs B, Liu-Smith F. Luteolin inhibits melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo via regulating ECM and oncogenic pathways but not ROS. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:114025. [PMID: 32413425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin inhibited growth of several cancer cells in vitro in previous studies, with limited in vivo studies, and no comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanisms at genomics level. This study identified luteolin as an effective agent to inhibit melanoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Molecular studies and genomic profiling were used to identify the mechanism of action of luteolin in melanoma cells. As a ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenger, luteolin unexpectedly induced ROS; but co-treatment with antioxidants NAC or mito-TEMPO did not rescue cell growth inhibition, although the levels of ROS levels were reduced. Next, we profiled luteolin-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 4 melanoma cell lines using RNA-Seq, and performed pathway analysis using a combination of bioinformatics software including PharmetRx which was especially effective in discovering pharmacological pathways for potential drugs. Our results show that luteolin induces changes in three main aspects: the cell-cell interacting pathway (extracellular matrix, ECM), the oncogenic pathway and the immune response signaling pathway. Based on these results, we further validated that luteolin was especially effective in inhibiting cell proliferation when cells were seeded at low density, concomitantly with down-regulation of fibronectin accumulation. In conclusion, through extensive DEG profiling in a total of 4 melanoma cell lines, we found that luteolin-mediated growth inhibition in melanoma cells was perhaps not through ROS induction, but likely through simultaneously acting on multiple pathways including the ECM (extracellular matrix) pathway, the oncogenic signaling and the immune response pathways. Further investigations on the mechanisms of this promising compound are warranted and likely result in application to cancer patients as its safety pharmacology has been validated in autism patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Schomberg
- Afecta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2102 Business Center Dr, Irvine, CA 92612, United States.
| | - Zi Wang
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ahmed Farhat
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
| | - Katherine L Guo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States.
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Bruce Kovacs
- Afecta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2102 Business Center Dr, Irvine, CA 92612, United States.
| | - Feng Liu-Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
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13
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Yahyazadeh A, Altunkaynak BZ. Protective effects of luteolin on rat testis following exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic field. Biotech Histochem 2019; 94:298-307. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1566568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Yahyazadeh
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - B. Z. Altunkaynak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang M, Chen X, Jin W, Xu X, Li X, Sun L. Ginsenoside Rb3 exerts protective properties against cigarette smoke extract-induced cell injury by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB and TGF-β1/VEGF pathways in fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1751-1758. [PMID: 30372878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke causes many adverse effects such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Ginsenoside Rb3 has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, which may contribute to delaying the injury caused by cigarette smoke. In this study, we used cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to establish cell injury models in WI-38 human fetal lung fibroblasts and 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cells. Our results showed that Rb3 protected against CSE-induced cytotoxicity in both cell lines. In addition, it significantly inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, Rb3 pre-treatment led to an increase in the levels of glutathione (GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase to reduce the oxidative stress induced by CSE. Additionally, Rb3 decreased the levels of ECM proteins including collagen I (Col I), Col III, and elastin after CSE treatment by inhibiting the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Our findings suggest that Rb3 prevented CSE-induced inflammation and oxidative stress as well as the excessive accumulation of ECM in WI-38 and 16HBE cells to protect against cell injury by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB and TGF-β1/VEGF pathways. The results of this study may be valuable for the development of Rb3 to combat the damage caused by cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manying Wang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Xuenan Chen
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Wenqi Jin
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Liwei Sun
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China; Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology, College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132013, PR China.
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15
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Zheng W, Cao L, Xu Z, Ma Y, Liang X. Anti-Angiogenic Alternative and Complementary Medicines for the Treatment of Endometriosis: A Review of Potential Molecular Mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:4128984. [PMID: 30402122 PMCID: PMC6191968 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4128984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is caused by the growth or infiltration of endometrial tissues outside of the endometrium and myometrium. Symptoms include pain and infertility. Surgery and hormonal therapy are widely used in Western medicine for the treatment of endometriosis; however, the side effects associated with this practice include disease recurrence and menopause, which can severely influence quality of life. Angiogenesis is the main biological mechanism underlying the development of endometriosis. Numerous natural products and Chinese medicines with potent anti-angiogenic effects have been investigated, and the molecular basis underlying their therapeutic effects in endometriosis has been explored. This review aims to describe natural products and compounds that suppress angiogenesis associated with endometriosis and to assess their diverse molecular mechanisms of action. Furthermore, this review provides a source of information relating to alternative and complementary therapeutic products that mediate anti-angiogenesis. An extensive review of the literature and electronic databases, such as the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, and Embase, was conducted using the keywords 'endometriosis,' 'traditional Chinese medicine,' 'Chinese herbal medicine,' 'natural compounds,' and 'anti-angiogenic' therapy. Anti-angiogenic therapy is an emerging strategy for the treatment of endometriosis. Natural anti-angiogenic products and Chinese medicines provide several beneficial clinical effects, including pain relief. In this review, we summarize clinical trials and experimental studies of endometriosis using natural products and Chinese medicines. In particular, we focus on anti-angiogenic products and alternative and complementary medicines for the treatment of endometriosis and additionally examine their therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. Anti-angiogenic natural products and/or compounds provide a new approach for the treatment of endometriosis. Future work will require randomized trials with larger numbers of subjects, as well as long-term follow-up to confirm the findings described here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lixing Cao
- Team of Application of Chinese Medicine in Perioperative Period, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Anyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China
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A Novel In Vivo Model to Study Impaired Tissue Regeneration Mediated by Cigarette Smoke. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10926. [PMID: 30026555 PMCID: PMC6053433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is associated with several pathologies including chronic respiratory diseases and cancer. In addition, exposure to cigarette smoke is correlated with impaired wound healing, where a significant decrease in the regenerative capacity of smokers is well documented and broadly considered a negative risk factor after trauma or surgery. So far, some in vitro and in vivo models have been described to study how exposure to cigarette smoke diminishes the regenerative potential in different organisms. However, although useful, many of these models are difficult and expensive to implement and do not allow high-throughput screening approaches. In order to establish a reliable and accessible model, we have evaluated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on zebrafish development and regeneration. In this work, zebrafish embryos and larvae were exposed to low doses of aqueous CSE showing severe developmental abnormalities in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, when adult zebrafish were subjected to caudal fin amputation, we observed a significant decrease in the regenerative capacity of animals exposed to CSE. The effect was exacerbated in male and aged fish compared to female or young organisms. The establishment of a zebrafish model to assess the consequences of cigarette smoke and its effects on animal physiology could provide a new tool to study the underlying mechanisms involved in impaired tissue regeneration, and aid the development of novel approaches to treat complications associated with cigarette smoke toxicity.
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17
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Jin SP, Li Z, Choi EK, Lee S, Kim YK, Seo EY, Chung JH, Cho S. Urban particulate matter in air pollution penetrates into the barrier-disrupted skin and produces ROS-dependent cutaneous inflammatory response in vivo. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:S0923-1811(18)30202-0. [PMID: 29731195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) is an integral part of air pollution, which is a mixture of particles suspended in the air. Recently, it has been reported that PM is associated with increased risks of skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis in children. However, it is unclear if PM directly goes into the skin and what mechanisms are involved in response to PM. OBJECTIVE To see whether PM could penetrate into the barrier-disrupted skin, produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), and elicit an inflammatory response. METHODS We collected PMs during a winter in Seoul and used cultured keratinocytes for in vitro study and tape-stripped BALB/c mice for in vivo study. RESULTS Keratinocyte cytotoxicity increased in a dose-dependent manner by PM treatment. IL-8 and MMP-1 mRNA expression and protein levels were significantly increased compared to control by qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Cellular ROS production was increased by PM treatment, and antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine pretreatment prevented induction of inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and MMP-1. In PM-treated keratinocytes, electron-dense subcellular particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. PM was observed inside hair follicles in both intact and barrier-disrupted skin in vivo. Additionally, intercellular penetration of PM was seen in the barrier-disrupted skin. Repeated PM application induced epidermal thickening and dermal inflammation with neutrophil infiltration. Finally, N-acetyl cysteine could ameliorate skin inflammation induced by PM application. CONCLUSION PM penetrates into the barrier-disrupted skin, causing inflammation, demonstrating detrimental effects in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Pil Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Deparment of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Deparment of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Laboratory of Electron Microscope, Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Serah Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoen Kyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Deparment of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyun Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environmental Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Guo T, Liu C, Gao Z, He Y. [Study on Effects and Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Vegetables and Fruits
in Preventing and Treating Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 20:841-846. [PMID: 29277184 PMCID: PMC5973392 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
无论是在全球还是我国,肺癌都是严重危害人类健康的恶性肿瘤。研究表明肺癌与环境因素以及生活方式密切相关,流行病学发现多吃蔬菜水果可以预防肺癌。蔬菜水果中含有丰富的植物化学物质,如异硫氰酸酯类、吲哚类、黄酮类等。这些植物化学物质通过调节与抗肿瘤相关的通路从而抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,降低肺癌发生的危险性。本文旨在对蔬菜水果中的植物化学物质在肺癌发生发展中的作用机制进行综述,为更好地预防和治疗肺癌提供理论依据与方向。
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province,
Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Congmin Liu
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province,
Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Zhaoyu Gao
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province,
Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Yutong He
- Cancer Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province,
Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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19
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Amararathna M, Johnston MR, Rupasinghe HPV. Plant Polyphenols as Chemopreventive Agents for Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1352. [PMID: 27548149 PMCID: PMC5000748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer may be prevented by a diet rich in fruits and vegetables as they are enriched with dietary antioxidant polyphenols, such as flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, lignans, stilbenes, and phenolic acids. Dietary polyphenols exert a wide range of beneficial biological functions beyond their antioxidative properties and are involved in regulation of cell survival pathways leading to anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic functions. There are sufficient evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies to suggest that the dietary intervention of polyphenols in cancer prevention, including the chemopreventive ability of dietary polyphenols, act against lung carcinogens. Cohort and epidemiological studies in selected risk populations have evaluated clinical effects of polyphenols. Polyphenols have demonstrated three major actions: antioxidative activity, regulation of phase I and II enzymes, and regulation of cell survival pathways against lung carcinogenesis. They have also shown an inverse association of lung cancer occurrences among high risk populations who consumed considerable amounts of fruits and vegetables in their daily diet. In in vitro cell culture experimental models, polyphenols bind with electrophilic metabolites from carcinogens, inactivate cellular oxygen radicals, prevent membrane lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidative damage, and adduct formation. Further, polyphenols enhance the detoxifying enzymes such as the phase II enzymes, glutathione transferases and glucuronosyl transferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madumani Amararathna
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Michael R Johnston
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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20
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Lin ZC, Lee CW, Tsai MH, Ko HH, Fang JY, Chiang YC, Liang CJ, Hsu LF, Hu SCS, Yen FL. Eupafolin nanoparticles protect HaCaT keratinocytes from particulate matter-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3907-26. [PMID: 27570454 PMCID: PMC4986973 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM), a major form of air pollution, can induce oxidative stress and inflammation and may lead to many diseases in various organ systems including the skin. Eupafolin, a flavonoid compound derived from Phyla nodiflora, has been previously shown to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Unfortunately, eupafolin is characterized by poor water solubility and skin penetration, which limits its clinical applications. To address these issues, we successfully synthesized a eupafolin nanoparticle delivery system (ENDS). Our findings showed that ENDS could overcome the physicochemical drawbacks of raw eupafolin with respect to water solubility and skin penetration, through reduction of particle size and formation of an amorphous state with hydrogen bonding. Moreover, ENDS was superior to raw eupafolin in attenuating PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT keratinocytes, by mediating the antioxidant pathway (decreased reactive oxygen species production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity) and anti-inflammation pathway (decreased cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production through downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling). In summary, ENDS shows better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than raw eupafolin through improvement of water solubility and skin penetration. Therefore, ENDS may potentially be used as a medicinal drug and/or cosmeceutical product to prevent PM-induced skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Chan Lin
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, Chang Gung University
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan; Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Institute of Technology and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chiayi
| | - Ming-Horng Tsai
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin
| | - Horng-Huey Ko
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, Chang Gung University; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital; Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Lee-Fen Hsu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Feng-Lin Yen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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21
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Pardo M, Porat Z, Rudich A, Schauer JJ, Rudich Y. Repeated exposures to roadside particulate matter extracts suppresses pulmonary defense mechanisms, resulting in lipid and protein oxidative damage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 210:227-37. [PMID: 26735168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution in cities and urban canyons can be harmful to the exposed population. However, the underlying mechanisms that lead to health effects are not yet elucidated. It is postulated that exposure to repeated, small, environmentally relevant concentrations can affect lung homeostasis. This study examines the impact of repeated exposures to urban PM on mouse lungs with focus on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. Aqueous extracts from collected urban PM were administered to mice by 5 repeated intra-tracheal instillations (IT). Multiple exposures, led to an increase in cytokine levels in both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and in the blood serum, indicating a systemic reaction. Lung mRNA levels of antioxidant/phase II detoxifying enzymes decreased by exposure to the PM extract, but not when metals were removed by chelation. Finally, disruption of lung tissue oxidant-inflammatory/defense balance was evidenced by increased levels of lipid and protein oxidation. Unlike response to a single IT exposure to the same dose and source of extract, multiple exposures result in lung oxidative damage and a systemic inflammatory reaction. These could be attributed to compromised capacity to activate the protective Nrf2 tissue defense system. It is suggested that water-soluble metals present in urban PM, potentially from break and tire wear, may constitute major drivers of the pulmonary and systemic responses to multiple exposure to urban PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pardo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Assaf Rudich
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and the National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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22
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Kang N, Chen P, Chen Y, Zeng H, He X, Zhu Y. PRMT6 mediates CSE induced inflammation and apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 24:95-101. [PMID: 25481537 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces apoptosis and inflammation, but the mechanism is unknown. Arginine methyltransferase (PRMT6) catalyzes the asymmetric di-methylation of histone H3 arginine 2 (H3R2me2a) to control global level transcription. We hypothesized that PRMT6 mediates CSE induced apoptosis and inflammation through H3R2me2a. The apoptosis after CSE treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was fully measured with real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blotting and Annexin-V staining. Meanwhile, the inflammation in HUVECs after CSE exposure was detected with real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blotting and ELISA. CSE treatment promoted apoptosis and inflammation in HUVECs, coinciding with the decreased protein abundance of PRMT6. Meanwhile, HUVECs transfected with PRMT6 expressing plasmid inhibited the CSE-induced apoptosis and inflammation. Also, the inhibition of PRMT6 promoted the apoptosis and inflammation in HUVECs induced by CSE. Notably, H3R2me2a was associated with the modulation of PRMT6 in CSE induced apoptosis and inflammation in HUVECs. In conclusion, PRMT6 mediates CSE induced apoptosis and inflammation through H3R2me2a in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixing Kang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Huihui Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xue He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yingqun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
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