1
|
Kizhakkoottu S, Ramani P, Tilakaratne WM. Role of Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10744-0. [PMID: 38837114 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenesis and malignant potential of Oral submucous fibrosis(OSMF) have always been a topic of interest among the researchers. Despite OSMF being a collagen metabolic disorder, the alterations occurring in the connective tissue stroma affects the atrophic surface epithelium in later stages and progresses to malignant phenotypes. The present review aims to summarize the role of stem cells in the pathogenesis and malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried out using data banks like Medline and Embase, google scholar and manual method with no time frame, pertinent to the role of mucosal stem cells in OSMF and its malignisation. The relevant literature was reviewed, critically appraised by all the authors and compiled in this narrative review. RESULTS Critical appraisal and evaluation of the data extracted from the selected articles were compiled in this review. The collated results highlighted the upregulation and downregulation of various stem cell markers during the progression and malignisation of OSMF were depicted in a descriptive and detail manner in the present review. CONCLUSION We highlight the potential of mucosal stem cells in the regulation and malignisation of OSMF. However, future large-scale clinical studies will be needed to support whether manipulation of this stem cells at molecular level will be sufficient for the treatment and preventing the malignant transformation of OSMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna Kizhakkoottu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bin X, Cheng JY, Deng ZY, Li B, Xu XHY, Liu OS, Tang Z. circMTO1/miR-30c-5p/SOCS3 axis alleviates oral submucous fibrosis through inhibiting fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. J Oral Pathol Med 2024. [PMID: 38802299 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND circRNAs have been shown to participate in diverse diseases; however, their role in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), a potentially malignant disorder, remains obscure. Our preliminary experiments detected the expression of circRNA mitochondrial translation optimization 1 homologue (circMTO1) in OSF tissues (n = 20) and normal mucosa tissues (n = 20) collected from Hunan Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, and a significant decrease of circMTO1 expression was showed in OSF tissues. Therefore, we further explored circMTO1 expression in OSF. METHODS Target molecule expression was detected using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The migration and invasion of buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs) were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. The interaction between miR-30c-5p, circMTO1, and SOCS3 was evaluated using dual luciferase, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. The colocalisation of circMTO1 and miR-30c-5p was observed using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). RESULTS circMTO1 and SOCS3 expression decreased, whereas miR-30c-5p expression increased in patients with OSF and arecoline-stimulated BMFs. Overexpression of circMTO1 effectively restrained the fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMT), as evidenced by the increase in expression of Coll I, α-SMA, Vimentin, and the weakened migration and invasion functions in BMFs. Mechanistic studies have shown that circMTO1 suppresses FMT by enhancing SOCS3 expression by sponging miR-30c-5p and subsequently inactivating the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. FMT induced by SOCS3 silencing was reversed by the FAK inhibitor TAE226 or the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSION circMTO1/miR-30c-5p/SOCS3 axis regulates FMT in arecoline-treated BMFs via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Expanding the sample size and in vivo validation could further elucidate their potential as therapeutic targets for OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Yi Cheng
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Li
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing-Huan-Yu Xu
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ou-Sheng Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fathima JHS, Jayaraman S, Sekar R, Syed NH. The role of MicroRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of oral premalignant disorders. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00934-0. [PMID: 38619695 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oral premalignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of potentially malignant conditions that pose a significant health burden globally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules, have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression and have been implicated in various biological processes, including carcinogenesis. This review synthesizes existing knowledge to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying OPMDs and to highlight the potential of miRNAs as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Additionally, this review seeks to explore the potential of miRNA-based diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of OPMDs in the current literature on miRNAs in OPMDs, examining their involvement in disease pathogenesis, diagnostic potential, and therapeutic implications. Dysregulated miRNAs can target genes involved in critical cellular processes, such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and DNA repair, leading to disease progression. Notably, miR-21, miR-31, miR-135b, and miR-486-5p have shown promise as potential biomarkers for early detection of oral premalignant lesions. Furthermore, the paper discusses the therapeutic implications of miRNAs in OPMDs. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of miRNA-targeted therapies, such as miRNA mimics and inhibitors, in suppressing the growth of oral premalignant lesions. Early-phase clinical trials have shown promising results, indicating the potential for personalized treatment approaches. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders and provide insights for the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. However, they pose certain limitations given their intrinsic variability in expression profiles, the need for optimized isolation and detection methods, and potential hurdles in transitioning from preclinical success to clinical applications. Thus, future clinical studies are warranted to fully exploit the potential of miRNAs in the management of OPMDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Shazia Fathima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Sekar
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, MAHER, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai, 600095, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nazmul Huda Syed
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gocol H, Zeng JH, Chang S, Koh BY, Nguyen H, Cirillo N. A Critical Interpretive Synthesis of the Role of Arecoline in Oral Carcinogenesis: Is the Local Cholinergic Axis a Missing Link in Disease Pathophysiology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1684. [PMID: 38139811 PMCID: PMC10748297 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arecoline is the primary active carcinogen found in areca nut and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). For this study, we conducted a stepwise review process by combining iterative scoping reviews with a post hoc search, with the aim of identifying the specific mechanisms by which arecoline initiates and promotes oral carcinogenesis. Our initial search allowed us to define the current trends and patterns in the pathophysiology of arecoline-induced OSF and OSCC, which include the induction of cell proliferation, facilitation of invasion, adhesion, and migration, increased collagen deposition and fibrosis, imbalance in immune and inflammatory mechanisms, and genotoxicity. Key molecular pathways comprise the activation of NOTCH1, MYC, PRDX2, WNT, CYR61, EGFR/Pl3K, DDR1 signaling, and cytokine upregulation. Despite providing a comprehensive overview of potential pathogenic mechanisms of OSF, the involvement of molecules functioning as areca alkaloid receptors, namely, the muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs), was not elucidated with this approach. Accordingly, our search strategy was refined to reflect these evidence gaps. The results of the second round of reviews with the post hoc search highlighted that arecoline binds preferentially to muscarinic AChRs, which have been implicated in cancer. Consistently, AChRs activate the signaling pathways that partially overlap with those described in the context of arecoline-induced carcinogenesis. In summary, we used a theory-driven interpretive review methodology to inform, extend, and supplement the conventional systematic literature assessment workflow. On the one hand, the results of this critical interpretive synthesis highlighted the prevailing trends and enabled the consolidation of data pertaining to the molecular mechanisms involved in arecoline-induced carcinogenesis, and, on the other, brought up knowledge gaps related to the role of the local cholinergic axis in oral carcinogenesis, thus suggesting areas for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia (B.Y.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Farshbaf A, Mohajertehran F, Sahebkar A, Garmei Y, Sabbagh P, Mohtasham N. The role of altered microRNA expression in premalignant and malignant head and neck lesions with epithelial origin. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e921. [PMID: 36381409 PMCID: PMC9637951 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The premalignant lesions of the oral cavity carry a risk of transformation to malignancy. Hence, early diagnosis followed by timely intervention remarkably affects the prognosis of patients. During tumorigenesis, particular microRNAs (miRNAs) show altered expressions and because of their post transcriptionally regulatory role could provide favorable diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic values in head and neck cancers. Methods In this review, we have demonstrated diagnostic, prognostic, and potential therapeutic roles of some miRNAs associated with oral premalignant and malignant lesions based on previous validate studies. Results It is previously documented that dysregulation of miRNAs contributes to cancer development and progression. MiRNAs could be tumor suppressors that normally suppress cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis or play as oncogenes that improved tumorigenesis process. Altered expression of miRNAs has also been reported in premalignant oral epithelial lesions such as leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, oral lichen planus and some malignant carcinoma like oral squamous cell, verrucous, spindle cell, Merkel cell carcinoma and basal cell. Conclusion Some of miRNAs could be new therapeutic candidates in miRNA‐based target gene therapy. Although more investigations are required to identify the most favorable miRNA candidate, altered expression of some miRNAs could be used as biomarkers in premalignant lesions and oral cancers with high sensitivity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Yasaman Garmei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Sistan and Balouchestan University Zahedan Iran
| | - Parisa Sabbagh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Dental Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panda A, Mishra P, Mohanty A, Sundaragiri KS, Singh A, Jha K. Is Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition a New Roadway in the Pathogenesis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29636. [PMID: 36321045 PMCID: PMC9606484 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) collectively refers to a series of episodes that reshape polarized, intact epithelial cells into discrete motile cells that can conquer the extracellular matrix (ECM). It performs a pivotal role in embryonic development, wound healing, and tissue repair. Surprisingly, the exact mechanism can also lead to the onset of malignancy and organ fibrosis contributing to scar formation and loss of function. transforming growth factor signaling, WNT signaling, Notch signaling, Hedgehog signaling, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, as well as non-transcriptional changes in response to extracellular cues, such as growth factors and cytokines, hypoxia, and contact with the surrounding ECM, are responsible for the initiation of EMT. Although the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is multifactorial, compelling evidence suggests that it results from collagen deregulation. EMT is one of the spotlight events in the pathogenesis of OSMF, with myofibroblasts and keratinocytes being the victim cells. EMT is an essential step in both physiological and pathological events. The importance of EMT in the malignant development of OSMF and the inflammatory reaction preceding fibrosis implies a new upcoming area of research. This review aims to focus on the EMT events that function as a double-edged sword between wound healing and fibrosis and further discuss the mechanisms along with the molecular pathways that direct changes in gene expression essential for the same in the oral cavity. As OSMF involves a risk of malignant transformation, understanding the cellular and molecular events will open more avenues for therapeutic breakthroughs targeting EMT.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jishnu PV, Shenoy US, Sharma M, Chopra A, Radhakrishnan R. Comprehensive analysis of microRNAs and their target genes in oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padacherri Vethil Jishnu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Manipal School of Life Sciences Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal
| | - U Sangeetha Shenoy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Manipal School of Life Sciences Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology SGT Dental College Hospital & Research Institute Gurugram Haryana‐122505
| | - Aditi Chopra
- Department of Periodontology Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents-Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031637. [PMID: 35163557 PMCID: PMC8836171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) is a package of mixed constituents that is chewed by more than 600 million people worldwide, particularly in Asia. The formulation of BQ depends on a variety of factors but typically includes areca nut, betel leaf, and slaked lime and may or may not contain tobacco. BQ chewing is strongly associated with the development of potentially malignant and malignant diseases of the mouth such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), respectively. We have shown recently that the constituents of BQ vary geographically and that the capacity to induce disease reflects the distinct chemical composition of the BQ. In this review, we examined the diverse chemical constituents of BQ and their putative role in oral carcinogenesis. Four major areca alkaloids—arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline and guvacine—together with the polyphenols, were identified as being potentially involved in oral carcinogenesis. Further, we propose that fibroblast senescence, which is induced by certain BQ components, may be a key driver of tumour progression in OSMF and OSCC. Our study emphasizes that the characterization of the detrimental or protective effects of specific BQ ingredients may facilitate the development of targeted BQ formulations to prevent and/or treat potentially malignant oral disorders and oral cancer in BQ users.
Collapse
|
9
|
Manikkath J, Jishnu PV, Wich PR, Manikkath A, Radhakrishnan R. Nanoparticulate strategies for the delivery of miRNA mimics and inhibitors in anticancer therapy and its potential utility in oral submucous fibrosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:181-195. [PMID: 35014880 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring noncoding RNAs with multiple functionalities. They are dysregulated in several conditions and can serve as disease biomarkers, therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents. Translation of miRNA therapeutics to the clinic poses several challenges related to the safe and effective delivery of these agents to the site of action. Nanoparticulate carriers hold promise in this area by enhancing targeting efficiency and reducing off-target effects. This paper reviews recent advances in the delivery strategies of miRNAs in anticancer therapy, with a focus on lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic platforms, cell membrane-derived vesicles and bacterial minicells. Additionally, this review explores the potentiality of miRNAs in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis, a potentially premalignant condition of the oral cavity with no definitive treatment to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyothsna Manikkath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padacherri Vethil Jishnu
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Peter R Wich
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Aparna Manikkath
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu YH, Huang ZY. Global identification of circular RNAs in imatinib (IM) resistance of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by modulating signaling pathways of circ_0080145/miR-203/ABL1 and circ 0051886/miR-637/ABL1. Mol Med 2021; 27:148. [PMID: 34781898 PMCID: PMC8591874 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Imatinib (IM), targeting of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, is currently one of the first-line choices in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying IM resistance in CML treatment. 108 CML patients were recruited and grouped according to their sensitivity to IM as the responder group (N = 66) and the non-responder group (N = 42). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to evaluate the expression of candidate circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNAs). No significant difference was noted regarding demographic and clinicopathological characteristics between the responder group and the non-responder group. The expression of circ_0080145, circ_0051886 and ABL1 mRNA was significantly increased, while the expression of miR-203 and miR-637 was decreased in the non-responder group as compared with the responders. By using in-silicon analysis, it was predicted that circ_0080145 and circ_0051886 targeted miR-203 and miR-637 respectively, and ABL1 was found to be shared direct target gene of miR-203 and miR-637. Ectopic over-expression of circ_0080145 and circ_0051886 respectively reduced the expression of miR-203 and miR-637. The expression of ABL1 mRNA/protein was most upregulated in culture cells co-transfected with circ_0080145 and circ_0051886 as compared with those cells individually transfected. This study established the signaling pathways of circ_0080145/miR-203/ABL1 and circ 0051886/miR-637/ABL1. The deregulation of circ_0080145 and circ_0051886 is, at least partially, responsible for the development of IM chemoresistance in CML by regulating expression of ABL1 via modulating expression of miR-203 and miR-637.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hua Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zhong-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jing'an District Central Hospital, No 259 Xikang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He Y, Wang W, Jiang P, Yang L, Guo Q, Xiang J, Gao Y, Wang Y, Chen R. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Their Functional Mechanisms and Recent Research Progress. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5787-5800. [PMID: 34764671 PMCID: PMC8578048 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s337014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that most genomes are transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which can affect different cell characteristics. LncRNAs are long heterologous RNAs that regulate gene expression and various signaling pathways during homeostasis and development. Studies have shown that a lncRNA is an important regulatory molecule that can be targeted to change the physiology and function of cells. Expression or dysfunction of lncRNAs is closely related to various genetic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. The importance of ncRNAs in oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) has garnered much attention in recent years. However, most research has focused on miRs. The role of these molecules in OSF is incompletely understood. This review focuses on the emerging role and function of lncRNAs in OSF as novel regulators. Finally, the potential functional role of lncRNAs as biomarkers for OSF diagnosis is also described. LncRNAs are expected to become a new therapeutic target, but more research is needed to understand their biological functions more deeply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong He
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Xiang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Gao
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hsieh PL, Chen SH, Huang YF, Lu MY, Yu CC. The functional roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. J Dent Sci 2021; 17:683-687. [PMID: 35756801 PMCID: PMC9201545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are lesions that may precede the onset of cancers in the oral cavity, and oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is one of the OPMD that is usually found in the buccal mucosa. Considerable effort has been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of OSF, and emerging evidence has suggested that microRNAs may play significant roles in the development of OSF. Several studies demonstrated that aberrant expression of miRNAs is also observed in the fibrotic BMFs (fBMFs) derived from OSF tissues. For instance, it has been shown that miR-10b, miR-21, and miR-1246 are significantly elevated, and miR-29b, miR-200b, and miR-200c are reduced in fBMFs. This review systematically summarizes the current knowledge regarding the aberrant expression of microRNAs, molecular mechanisms underlying oral fibrogenesis by the dysregulated microRNAs, and how the interaction between microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs contributes to the progression of OSF. An overview of the modes of action by these microRNAs will provide a fundamental basis for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Han Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ansari A, Mahmood T, Bagga P, Ahsan F, Shamim A, Ahmad S, Shariq M, Parveen S. Areca catechu
: A phytopharmacological legwork. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Farogh Ahsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University Lucknow India
| | | | - Shoaib Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University Lucknow India
| | | | - Saba Parveen
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University Lucknow India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ren H, He G, Lu Z, He Q, Li S, Huang Z, Chen Z, Cao C, Wang A. Arecoline induces epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and promotes metastasis of oral cancer by SAA1 expression. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2173-2184. [PMID: 33626219 PMCID: PMC8177782 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arecoline, the main alkaloid of areca nut, is well known for its role in inducing submucosal fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), however the mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to establish an arecoline‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT) model of OSCC cells and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. CAL33 and UM2 cells were induced with arecoline to establish an EMT cell model and perform RNA‐sequence screening. Luminex multiplex cytokine assays, western blot, and RT‐qPCR were used to investigate the EMT mechanism. Arecoline at a concentration of 160 μg/ml was used to induce EMT in OSCC cells, which was confirmed using morphological analysis, transwell assays, and EMT marker detection. RNA‐sequence screening and Luminex multiplex cytokine assays showed that many inflammatory cytokines (such as serum amyloid A1 [SAA1], interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐36G, chemokine [CCL]2, and CCL20) were significantly altered during arecoline‐induced EMT. Of these cytokines, SAA1 was the most highly upregulated. SAA1 overexpression induced EMT and promoted the migration and invasion of CAL33 cells, while SAA1 knockdown attenuated arecoline‐induced EMT. Moreover, arecoline enhanced cervical lymph node metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft model of the tongue established using BALB/c nude mice. Our findings revealed that arecoline induced EMT and enhanced the metastatic capability of OSCC by the regulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion, especially that of SAA1. Our study provides a basis for understanding the mechanism of OSCC metastasis and suggests possible therapeutic targets to prevent the occurrence and development of OSCC associated with areca nut chewing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqin He
- Department of Stomatology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Medical Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianting He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhexun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Congyuan Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Anxun Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Das A, Giri S. A Review on Role of Arecoline and Its Metabolites in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Oral Lesions with an Insight into Current Status of Its Metabolomics. Prague Med Rep 2020; 121:209-235. [PMID: 33270010 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2020.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Areca nut consumption is a popular habit in Southeast Asian countries. One of the important biologically active alkaloids of areca nut is arecoline, which plays a role in mediating the development of several pathologies of the primary exposure site, the oral cavity. Studies on the metabolism of arecoline revealed the formation of several metabolites which themselves might be toxic. Moreover, polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes involved in the metabolism of arecoline might predispose an organism towards the development of oral cancer. The present review tries to accumulate all the relevant existing literature and then elucidate the molecular mechanism by which arecoline plays a role in the development of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer. Existing information regarding arecoline metabolism, enzymes involved in the metabolic process and biological effects of the metabolites of arecoline have also been compiled and compared to study the toxicity of metabolites with its parent compound arecoline and whether they play any role in the pathogenesis of oral cancer mediated by areca nut consumption. A repertoire of molecular targets has come up in the discussion whose expression profile is perturbed by arecoline. Construction of induction cascade from existing literature has given an idea about the process of molecular pathogenesis. The summarized and analysed data can help to determine the molecular mechanism and drug targets, which in turn could be helpful in the prevention or treatment of these pathological conditions. It also brings into light areas where further research needs to be directed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Das
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Sarbani Giri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao X, Yang Y, Yu H, Wu W, Sun Y, Pan Y, Kong L. Polydatin inhibits ZEB1-invoked epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fructose-induced liver fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13208-13222. [PMID: 33058500 PMCID: PMC7701525 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High fructose intake is a risk factor for liver fibrosis. Polydatin is a main constituent of the rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat liver fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of fructose-driven liver fibrosis as well as the actions of polydatin are not fully understood. In this study, fructose was found to promote zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) nuclear translocation, decrease microRNA-203 (miR-203) expression, increase survivin, activate transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signalling, down-regulate E-cadherin, and up-regulate fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP1), vimentin, N-cadherin and collagen I (COL1A1) in rat livers and BRL-3A cells, in parallel with fructose-induced liver fibrosis. Furthermore, ZEB1 nuclear translocation-mediated miR-203 low-expression was found to target survivin to activate TGF-β1/Smad signalling, causing the EMT in fructose-exposed BRL-3A cells. Polydatin antagonized ZEB1 nuclear translocation to up-regulate miR-203, subsequently blocked survivin-activated TGF-β1/Smad signalling, which were consistent with its protection against fructose-induced EMT and liver fibrosis. These results suggest that ZEB1 nuclear translocation may play an essential role in fructose-induced EMT in liver fibrosis by targeting survivin to activate TGF-β1/Smad signalling. The suppression of ZEB1 nuclear translocation by polydatin may be a novel strategy for attenuating the EMT in liver fibrosis associated with high fructose diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanzi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shen YW, Shih YH, Fuh LJ, Shieh TM. Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Review on Biomarkers, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197231. [PMID: 33008091 PMCID: PMC7582467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a collagen deposition disorder that affects a patient’s oral function and quality of life. It may also potentially transform into malignancy. This review summarizes the risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatments of OSF based on clinical and bio-molecular evidence. Betel nut chewing is a major risk factor that causes OSF in Asia. However, no direct evidence of arecoline-induced carcinogenesis has been found in animal models. Despite identification of numerous biomarkers of OSF lesions and conducting trials with different drug combinations, clinicians still adopt conservative treatments that primarily focus on relieving the symptoms of OSF. Treatments focus on reducing inflammation and improving mouth opening to improve a patient’s quality of life. In conclusion, high-quality clinical studies are needed to aid clinicians in developing and applying molecular biomarkers as well as standard treatment guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Wen Shen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Lih-Jyh Fuh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-J.F.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +88-642-205-3366 (ext. 2312) (L.-J.F.); +88-642-205-3366 (ext. 7707) (T.-M.S.)
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-J.F.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +88-642-205-3366 (ext. 2312) (L.-J.F.); +88-642-205-3366 (ext. 7707) (T.-M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Loss of oral mucosal stem cell markers in oral submucous fibrosis and their reactivation in malignant transformation. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:23. [PMID: 32826859 PMCID: PMC7442837 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the basal stem cell layer is critical for epithelial homoeostasis. In this paper, we review the expression of oral mucosal stem cell markers (OM-SCMs) in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to understand the role of basal cells in potentiating cancer stem cell behaviour in OSF. While the loss of basal cell clonogenicity triggers epithelial atrophy in OSF, the transition of the epithelium from atrophic to hyperplastic and eventually neoplastic involves the reactivation of basal stemness. The vacillating expression patterns of OM-SCMs confirm the role of keratins 5, 14, 19, CD44, β1-integrin, p63, sex-determining region Y box (SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), c-MYC, B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukaemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in OSF, OPMDs and OSCC. The downregulation of OM-SCMs in the atrophic epithelium of OSF and their upregulation during malignant transformation are illustrated with relevant literature in this review.
Collapse
|
19
|
Fu F, Yang X, Zheng M, Zhao Q, Zhang K, Li Z, Zhang H, Zhang S. Role of Transmembrane 4 L Six Family 1 in the Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:202. [PMID: 33015133 PMCID: PMC7461813 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L six family 1 (TM4SF1) is a protein with four transmembrane domains that belongs to the transmembrane 4 L six family members (TM4SFs). Structurally, TM4SF1 consists of four transmembrane domains (TM1–4), N- and C-terminal intracellular domains, two extracellular domains, a smaller domain between TM1 and TM2, and a larger domain between TM3 and TM4. Within the cell, TM4SF1 is located at the cell surface where it transmits extracellular signals into the cytoplasm. TM4SF1 interacts with tetraspanins, integrin, receptor tyrosine kinases, and other proteins to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. This interaction affects the pro-migratory activity of the cells, and thus it plays important roles in the development and progression of cancer. TM4SF1 has been shown to be overexpressed in many malignant tumors, including gliomas; malignant melanomas; and liver, prostate, breast, pancreatic, bladder, colon, lung, gastric, ovarian, and thyroid cancers. TM4SF1 promotes the migration and invasion of cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, self-renewal ability, tumor angiogenesis, invadopodia formation, and regulating the related signaling pathway. TM4SF1 is an independent prognostic indicator and biomarker in several cancers. It also promotes drug resistance, which is a major cause of therapeutic failure. These characteristics make TM4SF1 an attractive target for antibody-based immunotherapy. Here, we review the many functions of TM4SF1 in malignant tumors, with the aim to understand the interaction between its expression and the biological behaviors of cancer and to supply a basis for exploring new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Fu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Tianjin Rehabilitation Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zugui Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He X, Xu C, Wu X, Wang M, Guo Y, Zhang W, Sun Y, Stha A. Expression and methylation of Dickkopf-1 in the pathogenesis and malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:809-815. [PMID: 32794220 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dickkopf-1 is an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, but the role of Dickkopf-1 in oral submucous fibrosis remains unclear. We evaluated the protein expression and gene methylation levels of dickkopf-1 to determine the mechanism underlying abnormal Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. METHODS Healthy mucosa, oral submucous fibrosis, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and cancer-adjacent tissues were collected. The expression and promoter methylation levels of dickkopf-1 were analyzed. RESULTS The expression levels of dickkopf-1 in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues were lower than those in healthy and cancer-adjacent tissues. The methylation levels of the dickkopf-1 gene in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues were higher than those in healthy and cancer-adjacent tissues. Dickkopf-1 expression was negatively correlated with dickkopf-1 gene methylation. CONCLUSIONS High dickkopf-1 methylation levels in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues may decrease dickkopf-1 expression, which may induce an abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and oral submucous fibrosis pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang He
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University (The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan City), Wuhan, China
| | - Chunjiao Xu
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Alisha Stha
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Polyakova EA, Zaraiskii MI, Mikhaylov EN, Baranova EI, Galagudza MM, Shlyakhto EV. Association of myocardial and serum miRNA expression patterns with the presence and extent of coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study. Int J Cardiol 2020; 322:9-15. [PMID: 32798621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNAs) participate in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expressions of myocardial and serum miRNA-27а, miRNA-133а, and miRNA-203 in CAD patients. METHOD This cross-sectional observational study comprised 100 subjects (60.9 ± 1.0 years; 67% men). The right atrial and serum expressions of miRNA-27a, miRNA -133a, and miRNA-203 in 80 patients referred for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and 20 control patients scheduled for heart valve surgery were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between the SYNTAX score I index and serum miRNA-203 expression level (r = 0.693; p < .001). Patients with ≥3 coronary artery lesions had significantly higher myocardial expressions of miRNA-27a, miRNA-133а, and miRNA-203 than patients with 1-2 vessel disease in the atrial myocardium (miRNA-27a: 234.62 ± 29.51 vs. 182.39 ± 19.62 relative expression unit (REU); miRNA-133а: 127.53 ± 13.41 vs. 111.35 ± 12.31 REU; and miRNA-203: 5.25 ± 0.96 vs. 4.71 ± 0.67 REU; р < 0.05); the same association was found for serum miRNA expressions (miRNA-27a: 11.41 ± 3.85 vs. 4.82 ± 1.82 REU; miRNA-133а: 8.42 ± 2.43 vs. 4.35 ± 1.23 REU; and miRNA-203: 145.71 ± 15.73 vs. 43.70 ± 9.67 REU; р < 0.05). The decision tree method established that the risk of multivessel lesions was increased five-fold if the miRNA-203 serum expression was >101.00 REU (OR, 5.90; 95% CI, 2.34-9.46; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Both myocardial and serum miRNA-27а, miRNA-133а, and miRNA-203 expressions are higher in CABG patients than in non-CAD subjects. The serum miRNA-203 expression level corresponds to myocardial expression and is strongly correlated with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A Polyakova
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova str., 2, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
| | - M I Zaraiskii
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - E N Mikhaylov
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova str., 2, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia; Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Professor Popov str., 5, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - E I Baranova
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova str., 2, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - M M Galagudza
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova str., 2, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - E V Shlyakhto
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova str., 2, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang YC, Huang JL, Lee KW, Lu HH, Lin YJ, Chen LF, Wang CS, Cheng YC, Zeng ZT, Chu PY, Lin CS. Downregulation of the DNA Repair Gene DDB2 by Arecoline Is through p53's DNA-Binding Domain and Is Correlated with Poor Outcome of Head and Neck Cancer Patients with Betel Quid Consumption. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082053. [PMID: 32722430 PMCID: PMC7465463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arecoline is the principal alkaloid in the areca nut, a component of betel quids (BQs), which are carcinogenic to humans. Epidemiological studies indicate that BQ-chewing contributes to the occurrence of head and neck cancer (HNC). Previously, we have reported that arecoline (0.3 mM) is able to inhibit DNA repair in a p53-dependent pathway, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we demonstrated that arecoline suppressed the expression of DDB2, which is transcriptionally regulated by p53 and is required for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Ectopic expression of DDB2 restored NER activity in arecoline-treated cells, suggesting that DDB2 downregulation was critical for arecoline-mediated NER inhibition. Mechanistically, arecoline inhibited p53-induced DDB2 promoter activity through the DNA-binding but not the transactivation domain of p53. Both NER and DDB2 promoter activities declined in the chronic arecoline-exposed cells, which were consistent with the downregulated DDB2 mRNA in BQ-associated HNC specimens, but not in those of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (no BQ exposure). Lower DDB2 mRNA expression was correlated with a poor outcome in HNC patients. These data uncover one of mechanisms underlying arecoline-mediated carcinogenicity through inhibiting p53-regulated DDB2 expression and DNA repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
| | - Jau-Ling Huang
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (J.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Z.-T.Z.)
| | - Ka-Wo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
| | - Hsing-Han Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (J.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Z.-T.Z.)
| | - Yuan-Jen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
| | - Long-Fong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Medical Research, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Sheng Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
| | - Yun-Chiao Cheng
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (J.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Z.-T.Z.)
| | - Zih-Ting Zeng
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (J.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Z.-T.Z.)
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology and Medical Research, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (H.-H.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (L.-F.C.); (C.-S.W.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xu M, Sun J, Yu Y, Pang Q, Lin X, Barakat M, Lei R, Xu J. TM4SF1 involves in miR-1-3p/miR-214-5p-mediated inhibition of the migration and proliferation in keloid by regulating AKT/ERK signaling. Life Sci 2020; 254:117746. [PMID: 32376266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) is a small plasma membrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in cancers. However, the role of TM4SF1 that plays in keloids remains unknown. We investigated the expression, function and the microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network of TM4SF1 in keloids. MAIN METHODS Small interfering RNAs and lentivirus were used to alter the expression of TM4SF1 in fibroblasts. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied to determine the miRNA targets. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, qRT-PCR, wound healing assays, Transwell assays, cell count kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were also employed in this study. KEY FINDINGS TM4SF1 was frequently upregulated in human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) compared with human normal skin fibroblasts (HSFs). The downregulation of TM4SF1 significantly inhibited proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis in HKFs. Furthermore, si-TM4SF1 inhibited the AKT/ERK signaling. Meanwhile, the upregulation of TM4SF1 promoted proliferation, migration and the activation of AKT/ERK signaling in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF-1). Moreover, TM4SF1 can be regulated by miRNAs, which have been validated to play important roles in keloids by posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. After screening, we found miR-1-3p and miR-214-5p targeted TM4SF1, inhibited TM4SF1 expression, cell proliferation, migration, and induced apoptosis in HKFs. And the level of miR-1-3p and miR-214-5p were found lower in HKFs than in HSFs. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrates a novel regulatory mechanism by which miR-1-3p, miR-214-5p, and TM4SF1 are involved in proliferation, cell motility, and apoptosis, suggesting that they may be potential targets in therapies for keloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijia Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - May Barakat
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rui Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
You A, Fu L, Li Y, Li X, You B. MicroRNA-203 restrains epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration of papillary thyroid cancer by downregulating AKT3. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1105-1121. [PMID: 32308106 PMCID: PMC7217351 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1746490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to serve pivotal roles in the regulation of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) development; thus, the aim of this study is to identify the impact of miR-203 and AKT3 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion of PTC. MiR-203 and AKT3 expression in PTC tissues and cells were tested. TPC-1 cells and K1 cells were screened for follow-up experiments. Apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax), EMT-related proteins (Vimentin and E-cadherin), proliferation-associated proteins (Ki67 and CDK4), invasion- and migration-related protein (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were verified. The effects of upregulated miR-203 and downregulated AKT3 on the biological characteristics of PTC cells in each group were detected via the gain- and loss-of-function assays. The targeting relationship between miR-203 and AKT3 was verified.MiR-203 expression declined and AKT3 heightened in PTC tissues and cells. Upregulated miR-203 and downregulated AKT3 reduced the tumor volume and weight, suppressed cell migration, colony formation, proliferation, invasion, proliferation-associated proteins (Ki67 and CDK4), invasion- and migration-related protein (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and promoted cell apoptosis, raised E-cadherin and decreased Vimentin protein expression in TPC-1 cells. On the contrary, the K1 cells with the downregulated miR-203 or upregulated AKT3 exhibited an opposite result. This study suggests that upregulated miR-203 suppresses EMT, invasion, proliferation and migration as well as induces apoptosis of PTC cells via downregulated AKT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anmin You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Liwu Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yongjiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xingyi Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Bin You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chemistry, metabolism and pharmacology of carcinogenic alkaloids present in areca nut and factors affecting their concentration. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 110:104548. [PMID: 31805361 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Areca Nut (AN), the seed of tropical palm tree Areca catechu, is a widely chewed natural product with estimated 600 million users across the world. Various AN products, thriving in the market, portray 'Areca nut' or 'Supari' as mouth freshener and safe alternative to smokeless tobacco. Unfortunately, AN is identified as a Group 1 human carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Wide variation in the level of alkaloids, broadly ranging from 2 to 10 mg/gm dry weight, is observed in diverse variety of AN sold worldwide. For the first time, various factors influencing the formation of carcinogenic alkaloids in AN at various stages, including during the growth, processing, and storage of the nut, are discussed. Current review illustrates the mechanism of cancer induction by areca alkaloids in humans and also compiles dose-dependent pharmacology and toxicology data of arecoline, the most potent carcinogenic alkaloid in AN. Careful monitoring of the arecoline content in AN can potentially be used as a tool in product surveillance studies to identify the variations in characteristics of various AN sample sold worldwide. The article will help to generate public awareness and sensitize the government bodies to initiate campaigns against AN use and addiction.
Collapse
|
26
|
Ray JG, Chatterjee R, Chaudhuri K. Oral submucous fibrosis: A global challenge. Rising incidence, risk factors, management, and research priorities. Periodontol 2000 2019; 80:200-212. [PMID: 31090137 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity, with a high rate of malignant transformation. It is very common among habitual areca nut chewers. The pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis is not well established, but it is believed to be a disease of multifactorial origin, including areca nut chewing, ingestion of chilies, genetic factors, immunologic processes and nutritional deficiencies. Genetically susceptible individuals when exposed to areca nut chewing develop this disease over a variable period of time. Oral submucous fibrosis is considered to be a disease of collagen metabolism. Several genetic factors are reported but there is no consensus about the exact mechanism of disease initiation. Variations in histopathological presentation are noted among oral submucous fibrosis patients with habitual areca nut chewing in different forms and other additive agents, eg betel quid, pan masala and gutkha, together with a variety of tobacco habits. The role of epigenetic modifications, such as miRNA regulation, and DNA methylation is also being reported as part of the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. A combined approach, including analysis of genetic and epigenetic regulations with different habits, might be helpful to better understand the contributory factors and pathogenesis of this serious disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gopal Ray
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College & Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Keya Chaudhuri
- Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yuan Y, Li N, Zeng L, Shen Z, Jiang C. Pathogenesis investigation of miR-199-5p in oral submucous fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:456-465. [PMID: 30485610 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibrosis diseases are one of the leading causes of suffering and death. However, no systematic investigation has been carried out on fibrosis-related genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS By querying PubMed using keywords "fibrosis" and "gene" or "protein," we identified fibrosis-related genes in the last decade. Bioinformatics analysis was performed by MAS 3.0 software. Key miRNA was selected to assess its relationship with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and fibroblast functions. RESULTS A total of 1,310 genes related to fibrosis were identified. TGF-β1, CTGF, MMP9, HSP47, and S1P were found to be associated with mainly fibrotic organs. In total, 244 cellular components terms, 595 molecular function terms, 1,816 cellular component terms, and 136 KEGG pathway annotations were predicted. miR-199-5p was selected as the key miRNA, which has higher level in OSF. Upregulated miR-199-5p was significantly related to OSF duration and OSF histological grade (p = 0.028 and 0.012, respectively). Overexpressive miR-199-5p reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis in buccal fibroblasts. Additionally, expression levels of collagen I (COL I) and III (COL III) were promoted by overexpressive miR-199-5p in buccal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION These results indicate that fibrosis-related genes are related to a series of complex mechanisms. The characteristics of miR-199-5p may supply important clues for developing therapeutic strategy for OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengzhong Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shi K, Qiu X, Zheng W, Yan D, Peng W. MiR-203 regulates keloid fibroblast proliferation, invasion, and extracellular matrix expression by targeting EGR1 and FGF2. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1282-1288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
29
|
Piperigkou Z, Götte M, Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Insights into the key roles of epigenetics in matrix macromolecules-associated wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:16-36. [PMID: 29079535 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic network of macromolecules, playing a regulatory role in cell functions, tissue regeneration and remodeling. Wound healing is a tissue repair process necessary for the maintenance of the functionality of tissues and organs. This highly orchestrated process is divided into four temporally overlapping phases, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling. The dynamic interplay between ECM and resident cells exerts its critical role in many aspects of wound healing, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, matrix degradation and biosynthesis. Several epigenetic regulatory factors, such as the endogenous non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), are the drivers of the wound healing response. microRNAs have pivotal roles in regulating ECM composition during wound healing and dermal regeneration. Their expression is associated with the distinct phases of wound healing and they serve as target biomarkers and targets for systematic regulation of wound repair. In this article we critically present the importance of epigenetics with particular emphasis on miRNAs regulating ECM components (i.e. glycoproteins, proteoglycans and matrix proteases) that are key players in wound healing. The clinical relevance of miRNA targeting as well as the delivery strategies designed for clinical applications are also presented and discussed.
Collapse
|
30
|
El-Sakka H, Kujan O, Farah CS. Assessing miRNAs profile expression as a risk stratification biomarker in oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review. Oral Oncol 2017; 77:57-82. [PMID: 29362128 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper aims to systematically review current findings on altered expression of miRNAs in OPMDs and whether they can be used as risk stratification biomarkers. METHODS Studies were collated after searching three different electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Medline. Additional searches were carried out through cross checking the bibliographies of selected articles. After a thorough selection process made by two of the authors, 40 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Studies were assessed and analysed in terms of how the candidate miRNA biomarkers were differentially expressed and validated. RESULTS The included studies examined the expression of miRNAs from human specimens (blood serum/plasma, saliva, tissue) as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in patients with OPMDs, some of which have been utilised as risk stratification biomarkers for malignant transformation and have showed promising findings. CONCLUSION The current evidence to support or refute the prognostic utility of miRNAs in predicting cancer progression in OPMDs is equivocal. Further longitudinal prospective studies with solid study design are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haytham El-Sakka
- UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Camile S Farah
- UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zheng L, Guan ZJ, Pan WT, Du TF, Zhai YJ, Guo J. Tanshinone Suppresses Arecoline-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Epigenetically Reactivating the p53 Pathway. Oncol Res 2017; 26:483-494. [PMID: 28550687 PMCID: PMC7844836 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14941825760362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) induced by chewing of the areca nut has been considered to be a precancerous lesion with a high probability of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tanshinone (TSN) is the main component extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicine, which was found to have diverse pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antitumor. In the current study, we aimed to identify the inhibitory effects and the underlying mechanism of TSN on OSF progress. We found that treatment with TSN inhibited the arecoline-mediated proliferation of primary human oral mucosal fibroblasts and reversed the promotive effects of arecoline on the EMT process. By RNA deep sequencing, we screened two possible targets for TSN: LSD1 and p53. We confirmed that p53 is much lower in OSF than in normal mucous tissues. In addition, p53 and its downstream molecules were decreased by arecoline treatment in oral mucosal fibroblasts, which was reversed by treatment with TSN in a dose-dependent manner. Our results also revealed that arecoline stimulation resulted in hypermethylation of the promoter of TP53 and subsequent downregulation of p53 levels, which was reversed by TSN. Furthermore, we identified that LSD1 could epigenetically activate TP53 by recruiting H3K27me1 and H3K4m2 to its promoter. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which TSN influences arecoline-induced OSF and rationale for the development of clinical intervention strategies for OSF and even oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zheng
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Zhen-Jie Guan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Pan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Tian-Feng Du
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Zhai
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Jia Guo
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu YJ, Peng W, Hu MB, Xu M, Wu CJ. The pharmacology, toxicology and potential applications of arecoline: a review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2753-2760. [PMID: 27046150 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1160251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Arecoline is an effective constituent of Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae) with various pharmacological effects. However, investigations also revealed that long use of arecoline could arouse some oral diseases. OBJECTIVE The present review gathers the fragmented information available in the literature (before 1 October 2015) regarding pharmacology and toxicology of arecoline. We also discussed the potential developments and applications of arecoline in the future. METHODS All the available information regarding the arecoline is compiled from scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. RESULTS Previous research demonstrated that arecoline is one of the major effective constituents in A. catechu. Additionally, arecoline has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including effects on nervous, cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine systems and anti-parasitic effects. What's more, arecoline is reported to be the primary toxic constituent of A. catechu, and the main toxic effects include oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and genotoxicity. CONCLUSION Arecoline has great potential to be a therapeutic drug for various ailments. However, further investigations are needed in the future to reduce or eliminate its toxicities before developing into new drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Liu
- a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Wei Peng
- a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Mei-Bian Hu
- a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Min Xu
- a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , PR China
| |
Collapse
|