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Soni N, Bissa B. Exosomes, Circadian Rhythms, and Cancer Precision Medicine: New Frontiers. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00169-X. [PMID: 39032591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
"The environment shapes people's actions," a well-known proverb, strongly dictates that a change in our way of life changes our behavior. Circadian rhythms have been identified as a mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in the body, which, if disrupted by sleeping patterns, could result in significant metabolic alterations that adversely affect our health. The changes induced by circadian rhythm alter the secretion and cargo selection in exosomes which are nanovesicles important for intercellular communication. Exosomes were formerly known as "junk particles" but are now recognized as miniature copies of a cell's genetic material. Dysregulation of circadian rhythm has shown that it changes the gene expression of a cell to some extent and significantly alters the exosomal release. Meanwhile, cells secrete exosomes continuously to align the rhythmicity of the biological clock. In this study, we integrate circadian rhythms and exosomes with precision medicines to find better approaches to early diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Soni
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bhawana Bissa
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
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Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Nandi P, Manna S, Baral T, Niharika, Roy A, Mishra P, Patra SK. Epigenetic regulation of androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:223-320. [PMID: 39032951 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. Besides genetic alterations, epigenetic modulations including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA mediated alteration of gene expression are the key driving forces for the prostate tumor development and cancer progression. Aberrant expression and/or the activity of the epigenetic modifiers/enzymes, results in aberrant expression of genes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, autophagy, tumor suppression and hormone response and thereby disease progression. Altered epigenome is associated with prostate cancer recurrence, progression, aggressiveness and transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent phenotype. These epigenetic modifications are reversible and various compounds/drugs targeting the epigenetic enzymes have been developed that are effective in cancer treatment. This chapter focuses on the epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer initiation and progression, listing different epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease and their potential as therapeutic targets. This chapter also summarizes different epigenetic drugs approved for prostate cancer therapy and the drugs available for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prahallad Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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3
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Liang H, Zhang L, Rong J. Potential roles of exosomes in the initiation and metastatic progression of lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115222. [PMID: 37549459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) incidence and mortality continue to increase annually worldwide. LC is insidious and readily metastasizes and relapses. Except for its early diagnosis and surgical resection, there is no effective cure for advanced metastatic LC, and the prognosis remains dismal. Exosomes, a class of nano-sized extracellular vesicles produced by healthy or diseased cells, are coated with a bilayer lipid membrane and contain various functional molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They can be used for intracellular or intercellular signaling or the transportation of biological substances. A growing body of evidence supports that exosomes play multiple crucial roles in the occurrence and metastatic progression of many malignancies, including LC. The elucidation of the potential roles of exosomes in the initiation, invasion, and metastasis of LC and their underlying molecular mechanisms may contribute to improved early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Liang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 210 Baita Street, Hunnan District, Shenyang 110001, PR China.
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Parekh M, Ramos T, Ferrari S, Ahmad S. Inhibiting miR-195-5p Induces Proliferation of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11490. [PMID: 37511249 PMCID: PMC10380751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Transparency of the human cornea is responsible for clear vision, which is maintained by a monolayer of non-proliferative human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs). Dysfunction of these cells can result in irreversible corneal blindness. It is important to identify key factors that limit the proliferation of HCEnCs and thus attempt to reverse them. Extracellular vesicles contain cargo which includes microRNAs (miRNAs) that can modulate a cellular function. In non small cell lung cancer, expression of miR-195-5p has been shown to inhibit proliferation; therefore, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of miR-195-5p in inducing the proliferation of HCEnCs. Human corneal endothelial cell line (HCEC-12) and primary HCEnCs were cultured with miR-195-5p scramble, mimic or inhibitor. Corneal tissues from human cadaveric and FECD donors, and from pigs, mice and rabbits, were used for RT-PCR. miR-195-5p showed an abundance value of 11,363.31 a.u. When normalized against HCEnCs from cadaveric donors, FECD tissues showed a significant upregulation of miR-195-5p (p < 0.05) but was significantly downregulated in pig (p < 0.001), mouse (p < 0.01) and rabbit (p < 0.001) CEnCs, which have known proliferative capacity. Proliferation, cell doubling, and wound healing rates were significantly higher when miR-195-5p was inhibited. Inhibiting miR-195-5p showed a significant improvement in viability (HEC staining), decreased cell apoptosis (TdT-dNTP staining) and expression of ZO-1, NA+/K+-ATPase and Ki-67 markers. Expression of miR-195-5p is found in HCEnCs and FECD cells, which restricts the proliferation of these cells. However, inhibiting miR-195-5p can induce the proliferation of HCEnCs, which opens exciting directions for future research in prolonging FECD pathogenesis by increasing the proliferative capacity of HCEnCs using anti-miR therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Parekh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus, Via Paccagnella, 11, 30174 Venice, Italy
| | - Tiago Ramos
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus, Via Paccagnella, 11, 30174 Venice, Italy
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 162 City Rd, London EC1V 2PD, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 162 City Rd, London EC1V 2PD, UK
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The Potential of MicroRNAs as Non-Invasive Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: A Systematic Literature Review Based on a Machine Learning Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215418. [PMID: 36358836 PMCID: PMC9657574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men worldwide. Screening and diagnosis are based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood testing and digital rectal examination. Nevertheless, these methods are not specific and have a high risk of mistaken results. This has led to overtreatment and unnecessary radical therapy; thus, better prognostic tools are urgently needed. In this view, microRNAs (miRs) appear as potential non-invasive biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. As the scientific literature available in this field is huge and very often controversial, we identified and discussed three topics that characterize the investigated research area by combining the big data from the literature together with a novel machine learning approach. By analyzing the papers clustered into these topics we have offered a deeper understanding of the current research, which helps to contribute to the advancement of this research field. Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Although the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used in clinical practice for screening and/or early detection of PCa, it is not specific, thus resulting in high false-positive rates. MicroRNAs (miRs) provide an opportunity as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and recurrence of PCa. Because the size of the literature on it is increasing and often controversial, this study aims to consolidate the state-of-art of relevant published research. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was applied to analyze a set of 213 scientific publications through a text mining method that makes use of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm. Results and Conclusions: The result of this activity, performed through the MySLR digital platform, allowed us to identify a set of three relevant topics characterizing the investigated research area. We analyzed and discussed all the papers clustered into them. We highlighted that several miRs are associated with PCa progression, and that their detection in patients’ urine seems to be the more reliable and promising non-invasive tool for PCa diagnosis. Finally, we proposed some future research directions to help future scientists advance the field further.
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Rana S, Valbuena GN, Curry E, Bevan CL, Keun HC. MicroRNAs as biomarkers for prostate cancer prognosis: a systematic review and a systematic reanalysis of public data. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:502-513. [PMID: 35022525 PMCID: PMC8810870 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable prognostic biomarkers to distinguish indolent from aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) are lacking. Many studies investigated microRNAs (miRs) as PCa prognostic biomarkers, often reporting inconsistent findings. We present a systematic review of these; also systematic reanalysis of public miR-profile datasets to identify tissue-derived miRs prognostic of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Methods Independent PubMed searches were performed for relevant articles from January 2007 to December 2019. For the review, 128 studies were included. Pooled-hazard-ratios (HRs) for miRs in multiple studies were calculated using a random-effects model (REM). For the reanalysis, five studies were included and Cox proportional-hazard models, testing miR association with BCR, performed for miRs profiled in all. Results Systematic review identified 120 miRs as prognostic. Five (let-7b-5p, miR-145-5p, miR152-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-224-5p) were consistently associated with progression in multiple cohorts/studies. In the reanalysis, ten (let-7a-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR30a-3p, miR-30c-5p, miR-30e-3p, miR-374a-5p, miR-425-3p, miR-582-5p) were significantly prognostic of BCR. Of these, miR-148a-3p (HR = 0.80/95% CI = 0.68-0.94) and miR-582-5p (HR = 0.73/95% CI = 0.61-0.87) were also reported in prior publication(s) in the review. Conclusions Fifteen miRs were consistently associated with disease progression in multiple publications or datasets. Further research into their biological roles is warranted to support investigations into their performance as prognostic PCa biomarkers.
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Wu J, Zeng D, Zhi S, Ye Z, Qiu W, Huang N, Sun L, Wang C, Wu Z, Bin J, Liao Y, Shi M, Liao W. Single-cell analysis of a tumor-derived exosome signature correlates with prognosis and immunotherapy response. J Transl Med 2021; 19:381. [PMID: 34496872 PMCID: PMC8424990 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) are involved in tumor progression and the immune modulation process and mediate intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. Although exosomes are considered promising liquid biomarkers for disease diagnosis, it is difficult to discriminate TEXs and to develop TEX-based predictive biomarkers. Methods In this study, the gene expression profiles and clinical information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, IMvigor210 cohorts, and six independent Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. A TEXs-associated signature named TEXscore was established to predict overall survival in multiple cancer types and in patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Results Based on exosome-associated genes, we first constructed a tumor-derived exosome signature named TEXscore using a principal component analysis algorithm. In single-cell RNA-sequencing data analysis, ascending TEXscore was associated with disease progression and poor clinical outcomes. In the TCGA Pan-Cancer cohort, TEXscore was elevated in tumor samples rather than in normal tissues, thereby serving as a reliable biomarker to distinguish cancer from non-cancer sources. Moreover, high TEXscore was associated with shorter overall survival across 12 cancer types. TEXscore showed great potential in predicting immunotherapy response in melanoma, urothelial cancer, and renal cancer. The immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells was associated with high TEXscore in the TCGA and immunotherapy cohorts. Besides, TEXscore-associated miRNAs and gene mutations were also identified. Further experimental research will facilitate the extending of TEXscore in tumor-associated exosomes. Conclusions TEXscore capturing tumor-derived exosome features might be a robust biomarker for prognosis and treatment responses in independent cohorts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03053-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqiang Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Zhi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilan Ye
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Z, Zhang L, Chen W, Yuan F, Yang Z, Liu S, Le F. miR-195-5p regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of thyroid cancer by targeting telomerase reverse transcriptase. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6201-6209. [PMID: 34482792 PMCID: PMC8806884 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1963908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In most human primary cancers, the expression, or telomerase activity, of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is detectable. However, the mechanism ofTERTactivity within oncogenesis of thyroid cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified miR-195-5p as having involvement in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in human thyroid cancer. MTT was used to measure cell proliferation, Transwell chamber was used to measure invasion. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of TERT, PCNA, and Ki67. Target gene prediction software predicted that TERT may be the target gene of miR-195-5p. Luciferase reporting system was used to identify the targeting relationship. A significant increase of in TERT expression was observed by immunohistochemistry compared with normal tissue, however, a decrease in miR-195-5p expression using qRT-PCRand western blot compared with normal cells. Functional analysis demonstrates that miR-195-5p negatively correlated withTERTand inhibitedTERTexpression through its interaction with theTERT3ʹ-untranslatedregion (3ʹ-UTR). Overexpression of miR-195-5p was shown to inhibit proliferation and invasion, and promote apoptosis of CAL-62 thyroid cancer cells. miR-195-5p-mediatedeffects were rescued by the overexpression ofTERT. Altogether, our data demonstrate that miR-195-5p regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in human thyroid cancer viaTERT, providing evidence of a new potential therapeutic target for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Liu
- Department Of Neonatal Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Electrocardiography Room, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University ,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Oncology ,Jiangxi Cancer Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department Of Breast Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fenqian Yuan
- Department Of Head And Neck Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department Of Neonatal Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department Of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fei Le
- Department Of Head And Neck Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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El Founini Y, Chaoui I, Dehbi H, El Mzibri M, Abounader R, Guessous F. MicroRNAs: Key Regulators in Lung Cancer. Microrna 2021; 10:109-122. [PMID: 34047262 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210527102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs have emerged as key regulators of the genome upon gene expression profiling and genome-wide sequencing. Among these noncoding RNAs, microRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that regulate a plethora of functions, biological processes and human diseases by targeting the messenger RNA stability through 3'UTR binding, leading to either mRNA cleavage or translation repression, depending on microRNA-mRNA complementarity degree. Additionally, strong evidence has suggested that dysregulation of miRNAs contribute to the etiology and progression of human cancers, such as lung cancer, the most common and deadliest cancer worldwide. Indeed, by acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, microRNAs control all aspects of lung cancer malignancy, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, cancer stem cells, immune-surveillance escape, and therapy resistance; and their expressions are often associated with clinical parameters. Moreover, several deregulated microRNAs in lung cancer are carried by exosomes, microvesicles and secreted in body fluids, mainly the circulation where they conserve their stable forms. Subsequently, seminal efforts have been focused on extracellular microRNAs levels as noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in lung cancer. In this review, focusing on recent literature, we summarize the deregulation, mechanisms of action, functions and highlight clinical applications of miRNAs for better management and design of future lung cancer targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes El Founini
- Unit of Biology and Medical Research, National Center of Energy, Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, Rabat, Morocco.,Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane Chaoui
- Unit of Biology and Medical Research, National Center of Energy, Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hind Dehbi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mzibri
- Unit of Biology and Medical Research, National Center of Energy, Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Roger Abounader
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Fadila Guessous
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
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Yan G, Yan S, Wang J, Lei S, Tian W, Yue X, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-296-5p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting HMGA1 in colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:793. [PMID: 34093749 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence indicates the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). miR-296-5p was recently identified as a tumor suppressor in a variety of human cancer types; however, its function in CRC remains largely unknown. The present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-296-5p was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. The overexpression of miR-296-5p markedly inhibited proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) may be a target of miR-296-5p in CRC cells. Further experiments showed that miR-296-5p bound the 3'-untranslated region of HMGA1 and decreased its expression in CRC cells. HMGA1 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and was inversely correlated with the expression of miR-296-5p. The restoration of HMGA1 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-296-5p on the proliferation of CRC cells. Overall, the findings of the present study indicate that miR-296-5p suppressed the progression of CRC, at least partially via targeting HMGA1. Thus, miR-296-5p is a potential target for novel therapies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Yan
- The Medical Department of the Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China.,The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China.,Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Shuidi Yan
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Shen Lei
- The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Tian
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yue
- Department of Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Medical Department of the Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China.,The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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11
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Fan B, Jin X, Ding Q, Cao C, Shi Y, Zhu H, Zhou W. Expression of miR-451a in Prostate Cancer and Its Effect on Prognosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:772-779. [PMID: 34183927 PMCID: PMC8219609 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i4.6002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: To investigate the expression of miR-451a in prostate cancer tissues and its effect on prognosis. Methods: Each of 78 specimens of prostate cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were collected from patients in Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China from Apr 2014 to Jun 2015. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-451a in tissues. The relationship between the expression of miR-451a and clinical pathological parameters was analyzed. The median expression of miR-451a in the experimental group was used to distinguish the high and low expressions of miR-451a in the experimental group. Kaplan-Meier was used to analyze the survival of miR-451a high and low expression groups. Results: The expressions of miR-451a in the patient’s tissues and serum were decreased, and the correlation analysis found that they were positively correlated. ROC curve analysis showed that miR-451a had a high clinical value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and the area under the curve was 0.921. The incidence of stage III+IV lymph node metastasis, Gleason score of >7 points and a serum Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of >20 ng/ml in patients of the low expression group increased significantly. The 5-yr survival rate of patients with low expression was significantly lower than that of those with high expression (P=0.005). MiR-451a was an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients. Conclusion: miR-451a is lowly expressed in prostate cancer, and patients with low expression have a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Jin
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Qi Ding
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, P.R. China
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Konoshenko MY, Laktionov PP. MiRNAs and radical prostatectomy: Current data, bioinformatic analysis and utility as predictors of tumour relapse. Andrology 2021; 9:1092-1107. [PMID: 33638886 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes have particular interest for cancer biology and medicine due to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and markers. These studies are extensively influenced by anticancer therapy, as miRNAs interfere with the therapy's efficacy in prostate cancer (PCa). OBJECTIVES In this article, we summarise the available data on the influence of radical prostatectomy (RP) and biochemical recurrence on miRNA expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular targets of these miRNAs, as well as the reciprocal relations between different miRNAs and their targets, were studied using the DIANA, STRING and TransmiR databases. Special attention was dedicated to the mechanisms of PCa development, miRNA, and associated genes as tumour development mediators. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Combined analysis of the databases and available literature indicates that expression of four miRNAs that are associated with prostate cancer relapse and alter their expression after RP, combined with genes that closely interact with selected miRNAs, has high potential for the prediction of PCa relapse after RP. PCa tissues and biofluids, both immediately after RP for diagnostics/prognostics and in long-term (relapse) monitoring, may be used as sources of these miRNAs. CONCLUSION An overview of the usefulness of published data and bioinformatics resources looking for diagnostic markers and molecular targets is presented in this article. The selected miRNA and gene panels have good potential as prognostic and PCa relapse markers after RP and likely could also serve as markers for therapeutic efficiency on a broader scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Yu Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel P Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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13
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Galvão-Lima LJ, Morais AHF, Valentim RAM, Barreto EJSS. miRNAs as biomarkers for early cancer detection and their application in the development of new diagnostic tools. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:21. [PMID: 33593374 PMCID: PMC7885381 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important molecules associated with the regulation of gene expression in humans and other organisms, expanding the strategies available to diagnose and handle several diseases. This paper presents a systematic review of literature of miRNAs related to cancer development and explores the main techniques used to quantify these molecules and their limitations as screening strategy. The bibliographic research was conducted using the online databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct searching the terms "microRNA detection", "miRNA detection", "miRNA and prostate cancer", "miRNA and cervical cancer", "miRNA and cervix cancer", "miRNA and breast cancer", and "miRNA and early cancer diagnosis". Along the systematic review over 26,000 published papers were reported, and 252 papers were returned after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were considered during this review. The aim of this study is to identify potential miRNAs related to cancer development that may be useful for early cancer diagnosis, notably in the breast, prostate, and cervical cancers. In addition, we suggest a preliminary top 20 miRNA panel according to their relevance during the respective cancer development. Considering the progressive number of new cancer cases every year worldwide, the development of new diagnostic tools is critical to refine the accuracy of screening tests, improving the life expectancy and allowing a better prognosis for the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J. Galvão-Lima
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000 Brazil
| | - Antonio H. F. Morais
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000 Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Elio J. S. S. Barreto
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN Brazil
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Liu D, Li P, Wang X, Wang W. hsa-miR-195-5p inhibits cell proliferation of human thyroid carcinoma cells via modulation of p21/cyclin D1 axis. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5190-5199. [PMID: 35117886 PMCID: PMC8799136 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Based on existing evidence, microRNAs (miRs) are gene regulators that undertake key functions in the oncogenesis and tumor progression of every single human malignant disease, such as thyroid carcinoma (TC). Previous clinical findings showed that expression of miR-195 is down-regulated in TC, which implies that miR-195 may be practically involved in TC pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the function of hsa-miR-195-5p in TC is still largely unclear. Herein, we detected the conceivable involvement of hsa-miR-195-5p in TC cell proliferation. Methods Real time PCR examination was performed to assess the expression level of hsa-miR-195-5p in TC cell lines TPC-1 and B-CPAP. TPC-1 cells were transfected with either hsa-miR-195-5p mimics or hsa-miR-195-5p inhibitor. After confirmation of transfection efficiency, the effect of hsa-miR-195-5p on proliferation and cell cycle of TPC-1 cells was assessed. The expression of cyclin D1 and p21 was simultaneously detected by western blotting. Moreover, targetScan 6.2 was used to predict hsa-miR-195-5p target genes. Subsequently, luciferase reporter was performed to examine whether there is a possible binding of hsa-miR-195-5p to 3’-UTR of cyclin D1 mRNA. Furthermore, cyclin D1 mRNA and protein levels were measured to check whether hsa-miR-195-5p exerts its function at the post-transcriptional level. In addition, to explore the function of cyclin D1 in TPC-1 cells overexpressing hsa-miR-195-5p, cyclin D1 siRNA was used to silence the expression of cyclin D1 in TPC-1 cells overexpressing hsa-miR-195-5p. Results We quantified the expression of hsa-miR-195-5p in TC cells and normal thyroid cells and found a remarkable decrease in hsa-miR-195-5p expression in TC cells. Over-expression of hsa-miR-195-5p obviously resulted in downgraded proliferation of TC cells. Moreover, hsa-miR-195-5p caused cell arrest at the GO/G1 phase. Further in silico analyses and the dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that 3’-UTR of cyclin D1 is a direct target of hsa-miR-195-5p. Western blot analysis uncovered that hsa-miR-195-5p over-expression led to decreased levels of cyclin D1 and p21. In mechanistic analyses, we found that silencing of cyclin D1 reversed the inhibitory effect of hsa-miR-195-5p on the proliferation of TC cells, which indicates that hsa-miR-195-5p suppresses TC cell proliferation by adversely regulating cyclin D1. Conclusions We concluded that hsa-miR-195-5p is a candidate tumor-suppressor miRNA in TC and that the hsa-miR-195-5p/p21/cyclin D1 pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Rittig AH, Johansen C, Celis P, Odum N, Litman T, Woetmann A, Lindahl LM, Iversen L. Suppressed microRNA-195-5p expression in mycosis fungoides promotes tumor cell proliferation. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:1141-1149. [PMID: 32492224 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cancers, including mycosis fungoides (MF), have reported dysregulation of miR-195-5p. miR-195-5p plays a role in cell cycle regulation in several malignant diseases. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate: (a) the expression level of miR-195-5p in lesional MF skin biopsies and (b) the potential regulatory roles of miR-195-5p in MF. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine miR-195-5p expression in MF skin biopsies and cell lines. The effect of miR-195-5p and ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 (ARL2) on cell cycle and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assays. Changes in ARL2 expression were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting (WB). RESULTS We found lower expression levels of miR-195-5p in lesional skin from MF patients compared with non-lesional MF skin and skin from healthy volunteers. Additionally, miR-195-5p showed lower expression levels in the skin from patients with disease progression compared with patients with stable disease. In vitro studies showed that overexpression of miR-195-5p induced a cell cycle arrest in G0G1. Using microarray analysis, we identified several genes that were regulated after miR-195-5p overexpression. The most downregulated gene after miR-195-5p mimic transfection was ARL2. RT-qPCR and WB analyses confirmed downregulation of ARL2 following transfection with miR-195-5p mimic. Lastly, transfection with siRNA against ARL2 also induced a G0G1 arrest. CONCLUSION Upregulation of miR-195-5p in MF inhibits cycle arrest by downregulation of ARL2. miR-195-5p may thus function as a tumor suppressor in MF and low miR-195-5p expression in lesional MF skin may promote disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne H Rittig
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claus Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pamela Celis
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Odum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Litman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise M Lindahl
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Iversen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Ding H, Yu X, Hang C, Gao K, Lao X, Jia Y, Yan Z. Ailanthone: A novel potential drug for treating human cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1489-1503. [PMID: 32724391 PMCID: PMC7377054 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. In 2015, >8.7 million people died worldwide due to cancer, and by 2030 this figure is expected to increase to ~13.1 million. Tumor chemotherapy drugs have specific toxicity and side effects, and patients can also develop secondary drug resistance. To prevent and treat cancer, scientists have developed novel drugs with improved antitumor effects and decreased toxicity. Ailanthone (AIL) is a quassinoid extract from the traditional Chinese medicine plant Ailanthus altissima, which is known to have anti-inflammatory and antimalarial effects. An increasing number of studies have focused on AIL due to its antitumor activity. AIL can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by up- or downregulating cancer-associated molecules, which ultimately leads to cancer cell death. Antitumor effects of AIL have been observed in melanoma, acute myeloid leukemia, bladder, lung, breast, gastric and prostate cancer and vestibular neurilemmoma. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first review to describe the antitumor mechanisms of AIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Ding
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xiuchong Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of The Medical School of Ningbo University and Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Chen Hang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Kaijun Gao
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xifeng Lao
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yangtao Jia
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Zhilong Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of The Medical School of Ningbo University and Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Minervini A, Coccaro N, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Specchia G, Albano F. HMGA Proteins in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061456. [PMID: 32503270 PMCID: PMC7353061 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group AT-Hook (HMGA) proteins are a family of nonhistone chromatin remodeling proteins known as "architectural transcriptional factors". By binding the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences, they interact with the transcription apparatus, altering the chromatin modeling and regulating gene expression by either enhancing or suppressing the binding of the more usual transcriptional activators and repressors, although they do not themselves have any transcriptional activity. Their involvement in both benign and malignant neoplasias is well-known and supported by a large volume of studies. In this review, we focus on the role of the HMGA proteins in hematological malignancies, exploring the mechanisms through which they enhance neoplastic transformation and how this knowledge could be exploited to devise tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Albano
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)80-5478031; Fax: +39-(0)80-5508369
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18
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Wang H, Ren S, Xu Y, Miao W, Huang X, Qu Z, Li J, Liu X, Kong P. MicroRNA-195 reverses the resistance to temozolomide through targeting cyclin E1 in glioma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:81-88. [PMID: 30273182 PMCID: PMC6287895 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system with poor survival. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for initial and recurrent glioma treatment with a relatively good efficacy, which exerts its antitumor effects mainly through cell death induced by DNA double-strand breaks in the G1 and S phases. However, endogenous or acquired resistance to TMZ limits glioma patients’ clinical outcome and is also an important cause of glioma replase. MicroRNA-195 (miR-195) plays an important role in the regulation of G1-phase/S-phase transition, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis of tumor cells. We found that miR-195 expression was significantly decreased in TMZ-resistant glioma cells induced with TMZ and correlated to the resistance index negatively. Also, the exogenous expression of miR-195 reversed TMZ resistance and induced the apoptosis of TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells. Further bioinformatics analysis showed cyclin E1 (CCNE1) was a potential target gene of miR-195. Knockdown of CCNE1 partially reversed the effect of decreased miR-195 on TMZ resistance. The data from The Cancer Genome Atlas – Cancer Genome further suggested that hsa-miR-195 could negatively regulate the expression of CCNE1 in glioma. In conclusion, miR-195 reverses the resistance to TMZ by targeting CCNE1 in glioma cells and it could act as a potential target for treatment in glioma with TMZ resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuxian Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Third Centeral Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Yongming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital.,Department of Neurosurgery, QuZhou People's Hospital, QuZhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | | | - Zhizhao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | - Jinhu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital
| | | | - Pengzhou Kong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University
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Phan NN, Moreno CS, Lai YH. Overexpression of SOX4 induces up-regulation of miR-126 and miR-195 in LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:527-537. [PMID: 32419068 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the association between SOX4, Wnt signaling, and miRNAs under Wnt3 induction via bioinformatics analysis and functional essays. To briefly explore the expression of SOX4 protein in various types of cancer, we used ONCOMINE, a highly reputable cancer database, for comparison of its expression in prostate carcinoma relative to normal prostate gland. Concomitantly, we used CCLE to plot the copy number of SOX4 against its mRNA expression status in various cancerous cell lines to confirm the carcinogenesis role of SOX4. Afterward, whole profiling expression of microRNA in SOX4-stably expressed LNCaP cell line under the effect of Wnt3A were demonstrated. After identifying microRNA targets, STRING database and MIROB were used to explore the functional connection between proteins and microRNA with proteins. The results from our study shows that over-expressed of SOX4 was confirmed in both carcinogenesis tissue and cancer cell lines in Oncomine and CCLE database. In addition, five miRNAs, miR-16, miR-19a, miR320, miR-195, and miR-126, were differentially expressed in LNCaP cell line induced by Wnt3a. Pathway analysis of these targets proposed interaction networks of SOX4, Wnt3a with miR-126 and miR-195. Altogether, the miRNAs involved in Wnt and SOX4-mediated prostate cancer such as miR-126 and miR-195 could be potential biomarkers in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Nhut Phan
- NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Carlos S Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 111, Taiwan.
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High Mobility Group A (HMGA): Chromatin Nodes Controlled by a Knotty miRNA Network. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030717. [PMID: 31979076 PMCID: PMC7038092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group A (HMGA) proteins are oncofoetal chromatin architectural factors that are widely involved in regulating gene expression. These proteins are unique, because they are highly expressed in embryonic and cancer cells, where they play a relevant role in cell proliferation, stemness, and the acquisition of aggressive tumour traits, i.e., motility, invasiveness, and metastatic properties. The HMGA protein expression levels and activities are controlled by a connected set of events at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In fact, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated RNA stability is the most-studied mechanism of HMGA protein expression modulation. In this review, we contribute to a comprehensive overview of HMGA-targeting miRNAs; we provide detailed information regarding HMGA gene structural organization and a comprehensive evaluation and description of HMGA-targeting miRNAs, while focusing on those that are widely involved in HMGA regulation; and, we aim to offer insights into HMGA-miRNA mutual cross-talk from a functional and cancer-related perspective, highlighting possible clinical implications.
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21
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MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:7415909. [PMID: 31976313 PMCID: PMC6961786 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7415909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the leading diagnosed cancers worldwide, and microRNAs could be used as biomarkers to diagnose lung cancer. hsa-miR-195 has been demonstrated to affect the prognosis of NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) in a previous study. However, the diagnostic value of hsa-miR-195-5p in lung cancer has not been investigated. Methods To evaluate the ability of hsa-miR-195-5p to diagnose lung cancer, we compared the expression of hsa-miR-195-5p in lung cancer patients, COPD patients, and normal controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of hsa-miR-195-5p. Coexpression network and pathway analysis were carried out to explore the mechanism. Results We found that hsa-miR-195-5p had lower expression in lung cancer and COPD patients than in normal controls, and the AUC was 0.92 for diagnosing lung cancer. hsa-miR-143 correlated with hsa-miR-195-5p, and by combining these two microRNAs, the AUC was 0.97 for diagnosing lung cancer. Conclusions hsa-miR-195-5p may act as a biomarker that contributes to the diagnosis of lung cancer and the detection of its high-risk population.
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22
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Wang J, Lv B, Su Y, Wang X, Bu J, Yao L. Exosome-Mediated Transfer of lncRNA HOTTIP Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating HMGA1/miR-218 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11325-11338. [PMID: 31908497 PMCID: PMC6930390 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s231846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance has become a major obstacle for cancer therapy in clinic. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in the development of chemoresistance in various tumors, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the role of HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) within extracellular vesicles (exosomes) in cisplatin-resistant GC cells remains largely unknown. Materials and methods Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays, respectively. Western blot assay was employed to analyze the protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, CD63, CD83, GRP78, HMGA1, and high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1). The expression levels of HOTTIP, microRNA-218 (miR-218) and HMGA1were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interaction between miR-218 and HOTTIP or HMGA1 was predicted by bioinformatics software and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Results Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were promoted in cisplatin-resistant GC cells. HOTTIP level was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant GC cells and its downregulation enhanced cisplatin sensitivity. Moreover, extracellular HOTTIP could be incorporated into exosomes and transmitted to sensitive cells, thus disseminating cisplatin resistance. Additionally, exosomal HOTTIP promoted cisplatin resistance via activating HMGA1 in GC cells. Interestingly, HMGA1 was a target of miR-218 and miR-218 could directly bind to HOTTIP. Clinically, high expression of exosomal HOTTIP in serum was associated with poor response to cisplatin treatment in GC patients. Conclusion Exosomal HOTTIP contributed to cisplatin resistance in GC cells by regulating miR-218/HMGA1 axis, providing a novel avenue for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Juyuan Bu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
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Yang Y, Wu F, Zhang J, Sun R, Li F, Li Y, Chang S, Wang L, Wang X, Liu L, Huang C. EGR1 interacts with DNMT3L to inhibit the transcription of miR-195 and plays an anti-apoptotic role in the development of gastric cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7372-7381. [PMID: 31515938 PMCID: PMC6815817 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
EGR1 regulates the expression of its downstream target genes and may exert different biological effects in different tumours. We found that the expression of EGR1 was increased in gastric cancer (GC), and silencing the expression of EGR1 promoted the apoptosis of GC cells. Moreover, overexpression of EGR1 repressed the apoptosis of GC cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that EGR1 had binding sites at the upstream promoter region of miR‐195; ChIP assays were applied to determine EGR1 occupancy of the miR‐195 promoter. The RT‐PCR results showed that EGR1 suppressed the expression of miR‐195. The mechanism by which EGR1 acts as a transcriptional repressor is still unclear. Bioinformatics analysis showed that EGR1 may interact with DNMT3L. We confirmed that EGR1 and DNMT3L formed a complex, and EGR1 was an important player in the transcriptional control of miR‐195. Overexpression of miR‐195 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in GC cells. We found a well‐matched miR‐195 binding site at the AKT3 3′‐UTR. Double luciferase reporter assays showed that AKT3 was a target of miR‐195, and silencing AKT3 repressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Our results indicated EGR1 may interact with DNMT3L to inhibit the miR‐195‐AKT3 axis and regulate the GC cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Public Health, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruifang Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of gastroenterology, Shaanxi provincial people's hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Su'e Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lumin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liying Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'anJiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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24
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Huang B, Chang C, Wang BL, Li H. ELK1-induced upregulation of lncRNA TRPM2-AS promotes tumor progression in gastric cancer by regulating miR-195/ HMGA1 axis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16921-16933. [PMID: 31104318 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to be aberrantly expressed in various diseases including tumors. Recently, a new tumor-related lncRNA, lncRNA TRPM2 antisense RNA (TRPM2-AS), was shown to be involved in many tumors, such as lung cancer and breast cancer. However, the expression and role of TRPM2-AS in the development of gastric cancer (GC) have not been elucidated. In the current study, we provided evidence that the expression levels of TRPM2-AS were increased in both GC tissues and cell lines. We also showed that overexpression of TRPM2-AS was modulated by ELK1, a transcription factor. The results of clinical assays showed that higher expressions of TRPM2-AS were significantly related with invasion depth, TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Further clinical assays using multivariate analysis suggested that TRPM2-AS expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with GC. Functional experiments illustrated that depression of TRPM2-AS suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC cells. In terms of mechanism, we found that TRPM2-AS directly inhibited miR-195, which targeted the 3'-untranslated region of high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) messenger RNA. Overall, these findings revealed that ELK1-induced overexpression of TRPM2-AS promoted the development and progression of GC in part through miR-195/HMGA1 signaling axis, and established its candidacy as a new cancer biomarker for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bai-Lin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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25
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Wang Y, Hu L, Zheng Y, Guo L. HMGA1 in cancer: Cancer classification by location. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2293-2302. [PMID: 30614613 PMCID: PMC6433663 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) gene plays an important role in numerous malignant cancers. HMGA1 is an oncofoetal gene, and we have a certain understanding of the biological function of HMGA1 based on its activities in various neoplasms. As an architectural transcription factor, HMGA1 remodels the chromatin structure and promotes the interaction between transcriptional regulatory proteins and DNA in different cancers. Through analysis of the molecular mechanism of HMGA1 and clinical studies, emerging evidence indicates that HMGA1 promotes the occurrence and metastasis of cancer. Within a similar location or the same genetic background, the function and role of HMGA1 may have certain similarities. In this paper, to characterize HMGA1 comprehensively, research on various types of tumours is discussed to further understanding of the function and mechanism of HMGA1. The findings provide a more reliable basis for classifying HMGA1 function according to the tumour location. In this review, we summarize recent studies related to HMGA1, including its structure and oncogenic properties, its major functions in each cancer, its upstream and downstream regulation associated with the tumourigenesis and metastasis of cancer, and its potential as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yushuang Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Retracted
: Ailanthone exerts an antitumor function on the development of human lung cancer by upregulating microRNA‐195. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10444-10451. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Foj L, Filella X. Identification of Potential miRNAs Biomarkers for High-Grade Prostate Cancer by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:1445-1456. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Wang R, Shen J, Wang Q, Zhang M. Bortezomib inhibited the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via targeting miR-198. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:43-49. [PMID: 30216798 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is an aggressive malignancy with high variance of clinical features and response to the treatment. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) has been demonstrated to suppress the progression of DLBCL, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which BTZ regulates the growth of DLBCL cells remain largely unknown. Increasing evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are novel targets of anti-cancer drugs to modulate the progression of cancers. Here, we showed BTZ treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of DLBCL CRL-2630 cells. Mechanistically, exposure of BTZ up-regulated the expression of miR-198 in DLBCL cells. Depletion of miR-198 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of BTZ on the proliferation of CRL-2630 cells. To further characterize the involvement of miR-198 in BTZ-induced growth defects of CRL-2630 cells, the downstream targets of miR-198 were predicted with the bioinformatics tools. The results showed that miR-198 bound the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) and suppressed the expression of HMGA1 in DLBCL cells. Consistently, BTZ treatment decreased the level of HMAG1 and inhibited the migration of DLBCL cells. Our results provided the possible mechanism by which BTZ suppressed the growth of DLBCL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihuan Wang
- The Second Hematology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 061001, China.
| | - Jie Shen
- The Second Hematology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 061001, China
| | - Qing Wang
- The Second Hematology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 061001, China
| | - Minjuan Zhang
- The Second Hematology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 061001, China
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29
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Zheng H, Zhan Y, Liu S, Lu J, Luo J, Feng J, Fan S. The roles of tumor-derived exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and their clinical implications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:226. [PMID: 30217217 PMCID: PMC6137883 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases, and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in both men and women worldwide due to diagnosis in the advanced stage, rapid metastasis, and recurrence. At present, precision molecular targeted therapeutics directed toward NSCLC driven genes has made great progress and significantly improved the overall survival of patients with NSCLC, but can easily lead to acquired drug resistance. New methods are needed to develop real-time monitoring of drug efficacy and drug resistance, such as new molecular markers for more effective early detection and prediction of prognosis. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles, containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which are secreted by various cells, and they play an important role in the development of lung cancer by controlling a wide range of pathways. Tumor-derived exosomes are of great significance for guiding the targeted therapy of NSCLC and exosomes themselves can be a target for treatment. In this review, we describe the potential roles of tumor-derived exosomes and their clinical significance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Sile Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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30
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Bryzgunova OE, Konoshenko MY, Laktionov PP. MicroRNA-guided gene expression in prostate cancer: Literature and database overview. J Gene Med 2018; 20:e3016. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olga E. Bryzgunova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Maria Yu Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Pavel P. Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia and ‘E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Russia
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31
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Ma X, Zou L, Li X, Chen Z, Lin Q, Wu X. MicroRNA-195 regulates docetaxel resistance by targeting clusterin in prostate cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:445-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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32
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Sekhon K, Bucay N, Majid S, Dahiya R, Saini S. MicroRNAs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67597-67611. [PMID: 27588490 PMCID: PMC5341899 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of male cancer-related deaths. A significant fraction of prostate tumors are very aggressive, often metastasizing to bone, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Also, PCa is associated with high rates of recurrence, often attributed to the existence of cancer stem cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process characterized by decreased expression of epithelial genes and increased expression of mesenchymal genes, plays a critical role in tumor invasion, metastasis and recurrence. In PCa, EMT has been implicated particularly in the context of metastatic disease and microRNAs have emerged as critical post-transcriptional regulators of PCa EMT. In this review, we summarize the role of miRNAs in PCa EMT that play a role in progression, metastasis and recurrence. Studies till date suggest that microRNAs mediate efficient and reversible control of PCa EMT via multiple mechanisms including either by (i) directly repressing single or multiple EMT-TFs or regulating cytoskeletal components (epithelial/mesenchymal genes) or (ii) regulating key signaling pathways involved in EMT. Oncogenic microRNAs often act as EMT promoters by repressing epithelial characteristics and tumor suppressive miRNAs act by inhibiting mesenchymal progression. Further, EMT is mechanistically linked to stem cell signatures in PCa and several miRNAs implicated in EMT have been reported to influence PCa stem cells. Loss of EMT-inhibiting miRNAs and/or gain of EMT promoting miRNAs lead to induction of PCa EMT, leading to tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence. Restoring expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs and inhibiting oncogenic miRNAs represent potential therapeutic opportunities to prevent disease metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Sekhon
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Bucay
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shahana Majid
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sharanjot Saini
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
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33
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Qi C, Cao J, Li M, Liang C, He Y, Li Y, Li J, Zheng X, Wang L, Wei B. HMGA1 Overexpression is Associated With the Malignant Status and Progression of Breast Cancer. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:1061-1067. [PMID: 29316384 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women, and the incidence and mortality of breast cancer has rapidly increased in recent years. Studies have indicated that high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), an important member of the HMGA family, plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of malignant tumors, including breast cancer. This study aims to evaluate the effect of HMGA1 in breast cancer. Interestingly, we found that HMGA1 expression was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in adenoma tissues and closely correlated with the clinical stage and histological grade in breast cancer patients. Further study showed that HMGA1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Thus, the results demonstrated that HMGA1 could act as an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer. HMGA1 expression was closely correlated with the clinical stage, histological grade, and tumor size in breast cancer patients and breast cancer progression in transgenic MMTV-PyMT mice. Anat Rec, 301:1061-1067, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Qi
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinghua Cao
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengshi Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenghua Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Yajun He
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
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34
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Hassan N, Zhao JT, Sidhu SB. The role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of adrenal tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 456:36-43. [PMID: 28007658 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. Due to its association with an assortment of diseases, miRNAs have been extensively studied in the last decade. In this review, the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of adrenal tumors is discussed. The recent contributions of high-throughput miRNA profiling studies have identified miRNAs that have functional and molecular roles in adrenal tumorigenesis. With respect to the biological heterogeneity of adrenal tumors and the limitations of the current treatments, an improved understanding of miRNAs may hold potential diagnostic and therapeutic value to facilitate better clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunki Hassan
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia; University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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35
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Liu Y, Liu J, Wang L, Yang X, Liu X. MicroRNA‑195 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting ROCK1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7154-7162. [PMID: 28901478 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is the second most common malignancy of the head and neck cancers. The most common type of laryngeal carcinoma comprises laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), which accounts for ~95% of laryngeal carcinoma cases. Despite great progress in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques over the last few decades, the prognosis for patients with LSCC remains poor. A number of studies reported that various miRNAs are dysregulated in LSCC and serve critical roles in LSCC tumorigenesis and tumor development. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression level of microRNA (miR)‑195 and its possible roles in LSCC. Briefly, miR‑195 was downregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. In addition, low miR‑195 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of LSCC patients. Further study has demonstrated that miR‑195 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC. Moreover, rho‑associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑195. Downregulation of ROCK1 exerted similar roles to that of miR‑195 overexpression in LSCC, suggesting ROCK1 was a direct downstream target of miR‑195. These findings elucidated a novel molecular mechanism for the pathogenic mechanism in LSCC carcinogenesis and progression, and may have a potential role in the treatment of patients with LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Jixiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Xiangli Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
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36
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Xu Z, Li C, Qu H, Li H, Gu Q, Xu J. MicroRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28639885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs are critical regulators of cancer development and progression. MicroRNA-195 has been reported as a cancer-related microRNA in many human cancers. However, the role of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we show that microRNA-195 is downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell line. Also, we show that overexpression of microRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, whereas suppression of microRNA-195 promotes proliferation and invasion. We show that microRNA-195 directly targets the fatty acid synthase enzyme and negatively regulates the expression of fatty acid synthase. Also, we show that fatty acid synthase expression is inversely correlated with microRNA-195 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, our results show that microRNA-195 inhibits Wnt signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. By restoring fatty acid synthase expression, we were able to reverse the antitumor effects of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our findings show that microRNA-195 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for microRNA-195 in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Thus, inhibiting fatty acid synthase by microRNA-195 may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Li
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hui Qu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Li
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Gu
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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37
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Jayaraman M, Radhakrishnan R, Mathews CA, Yan M, Husain S, Moxley KM, Song YS, Dhanasekaran DN. Identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic miRNA signatures in endometrial cancer. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:566-576. [PMID: 28740575 PMCID: PMC5511890 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
With the goal of identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in endometrial cancer, miRNA-profiling was carried out with formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 49 endometrial cancer patients. Results using an 84-cancer specific miRNA panel identified the upregulation of miR-141-3p and miR-96-5p along with a downregulation of miR-26, miR-126-3p, miR-23b, miR-195-5p, miR-374a and let-7 family of miRNAs in endometrial cancer. We validated the dysregulated expression of the identified miRNAs in a panel of endometrial cancer cell-lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tissue micro array derived from these patients established the functional correlation between the decreased expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs and their target oncogenes: ERBB2, EGFR, EPHA2, BAX, GNA12, GNA13, and JUN. Comparative analysis of the samples from the patients with extended progression-free survival (PFS) ( > 21 months) versus the patients with the PFS of < 21 months indicated increased expression of tumor suppressive miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, and miR-15a-5p in samples from extended PFS patients. In addition to defining a specific set of miRNAs and their target genes as potential diagnostic biomarkers, our studies have identified tumor suppressive miR-142 cluster and miR-15a as predictors of favorable prognosis for therapy response in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralidharan Jayaraman
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Cara A Mathews
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mingda Yan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sanam Husain
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Katherine M Moxley
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, S. Korea
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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38
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Wang Y, Yang T, Liu Y, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Lu M, Zhang W. Decrease of miR-195 Promotes Chondrocytes Proliferation and Maintenance of Chondrogenic Phenotype via Targeting FGF-18 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050975. [PMID: 28471382 PMCID: PMC5454888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow growth and rapid loss of chondrogenic phenotypes are the major problems affecting chronic cartilage lesions. The role of microRNA-195 (miR-195) and its detailed working mechanism in the fore-mentioned process remains unknown. Fibroblastic growth factor 18 (FGF-18) plays a key role in cartilage homeostasis; whether miR-195 could regulate FGF-18 and its downstream signal pathway in chondrocyte proliferation and maintenance of chondrogenic phenotypes still remains unclear. The present research shows elevated miR-195 but depressed FGF-18 expressed in joint fluid specimens of 20 patients with chronic cartilage lesions and in CH1M and CH3M chondrocytes when compared with that in joint fluid specimens without cartilage lesions and in CH1W and CH2W chondrocytes, respectively. The following loss of function test revealed that downregulation of miR-195 by transfection of miR-195 inhibitors promoted chondrocyte proliferation and expression of a type II collagen α I chain (Col2a1)/aggrecan. Through the online informatics analysis we theoretically predicted that miR-195 could bind to a FGF-18 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), also, we verified that a miR-195 could regulate the FGF-18 and its downstream pathway. The constructed dual luciferase assay further confirmed that FGF-18 was a direct target of miR-195. The executed anti-sense experiment displayed that miR-195 could regulate chondrocyte proliferation and Col2a1/aggrecan expression via the FGF-18 pathway. Finally, through an in vivo anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model, downregulation of miR-195 presented a significantly protective effect on chronic cartilage lesions. Evaluating all of the outcomes of the current research revealed that a decrease of miR-195 protected chronic cartilage lesions by promoting chondrocyte proliferation and maintenance of chondrogenic phenotypes via the targeting of the FGF-18 pathway and that the miR-195/FGF-18 axis could be a potential target in the treatment of cartilage lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
- The 4th Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- The 4th Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
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miR-195 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis through Inhibiting the mTOR/p70s6k Signaling Pathway by Targeting HMGA2 in Esophageal Carcinoma Cells. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:8317913. [PMID: 28487599 PMCID: PMC5402242 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8317913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
miR-195 is related to tumorigenesis and frequently inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in various cancers, including esophageal carcinoma (EC). The mTOR/p70s6k signaling pathway, which is the major target pathway for HMGA2, regulates the survival and cell proliferation of many tumors and is commonly active in EC. The relationships of miR-195, HMGA2, and the mTOR/p70s6k signaling pathway in EC, however, remain unknown. In the present study, we found that the miR-195 level was significantly downregulated in EC tissues, while the mRNA expressions of HMGA2 were significantly upregulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that HMGA2 is a target of miR-195. MTT assay and flow cytometry revealed that miR-195 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by targeting HMGA2. We also found that HMGA2 restored the inhibitory effect of miR-195 on phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K. Furthermore, rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway, decreased the levels of Ki-67 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio, inhibited cell proliferation, and promoted apoptosis in EC cells. In conclusion, upregulation of miR-195 significantly suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis of EC cells via suppressing the mTOR/p70s6k signaling pathway by targeting HMGA2.
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40
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Comment on 'MicroRNA-214 suppresses growth, migration and invasion through a novel target, high mobility group AT-hook 1, in human cervical and colorectal cancer cells'. Br J Cancer 2016; 116:e7. [PMID: 27997527 PMCID: PMC5294474 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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