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Zuo WF, Pang Q, Zhu X, Yang QQ, Zhao Q, He G, Han B, Huang W. Heat shock proteins as hallmarks of cancer: insights from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:81. [PMID: 39232809 PMCID: PMC11375894 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are essential molecular chaperones that play crucial roles in stabilizing protein structures, facilitating the repair or degradation of damaged proteins, and maintaining proteostasis and cellular functions. Extensive research has demonstrated that heat shock proteins are highly expressed in cancers and closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression. The "Hallmarks of Cancer" are the core features of cancer biology that collectively define a series of functional characteristics acquired by cells as they transition from a normal state to a state of tumor growth, including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, enabled replicative immortality, the induction of angiogenesis, and the activation of invasion and metastasis. The pivotal roles of heat shock proteins in modulating the hallmarks of cancer through the activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways has been well documented. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the roles of heat shock proteins in vital biological processes from the perspective of the hallmarks of cancer and summarizes the small-molecule inhibitors that target heat shock proteins to regulate various cancer hallmarks. Moreover, we further discuss combination therapy strategies involving heat shock proteins and promising dual-target inhibitors to highlight the potential of targeting heat shock proteins for cancer treatment. In summary, this review highlights how targeting heat shock proteins could regulate the hallmarks of cancer, which will provide valuable information to better elucidate and understand the roles of heat shock proteins in oncology and the mechanisms of cancer occurrence and development and aid in the development of more efficacious and less toxic novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qiwen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Finnegan E, Ding W, Ude Z, Terer S, McGivern T, Blümel AM, Kirwan G, Shao X, Genua F, Yin X, Kel A, Fattah S, Myer PA, Cryan SA, Prehn JHM, O'Connor DP, Brennan L, Yochum G, Marmion CJ, Das S. Complexation of histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat to Cu(II) prevents premature metabolic inactivation in vitro and demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and ex vivo in colon cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:533-553. [PMID: 37934338 PMCID: PMC11090832 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), belinostat, has had limited therapeutic impact in solid tumors, such as colon cancer, due to its poor metabolic stability. Here we evaluated a novel belinostat prodrug, copper-bis-belinostat (Cubisbel), in vitro and ex vivo, designed to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges of belinostat. METHODS The in vitro metabolism of each HDACi was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using mass spectrometry. Next, the effect of belinostat and Cubisbel on cell growth, HDAC activity, apoptosis and cell cycle was assessed in three colon cancer cell lines. Gene expression alterations induced by both HDACis were determined using RNA-Seq, followed by in silico analysis to identify master regulators (MRs) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The effect of both HDACis on the viability of colon cancer patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) was also examined. RESULTS Belinostat and Cubisbel significantly reduced colon cancer cell growth mediated through HDAC inhibition and apoptosis induction. Interestingly, the in vitro half-life of Cubisbel was significantly longer than belinostat. Belinostat and its Cu derivative commonly dysregulated numerous signalling and metabolic pathways while genes downregulated by Cubisbel were potentially controlled by VEGFA, ERBB2 and DUSP2 MRs. Treatment of colon cancer PDTOs with the HDACis resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability and downregulation of stem cell and proliferation markers. CONCLUSIONS Complexation of belinostat to Cu(II) does not alter the HDAC activity of belinostat, but instead significantly enhances its metabolic stability in vitro and targets anti-cancer pathways by perturbing key MRs in colon cancer. Complexation of HDACis to a metal ion might improve the efficacy of clinically used HDACis in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Finnegan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Ziga Ude
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Terer
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tadhg McGivern
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna M Blümel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne Kirwan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xinxin Shao
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Flavia Genua
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander Kel
- GeneXplain GmbH, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
- BIOSOFT.RU, LLC, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sarinj Fattah
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Parvathi A Myer
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darran P O'Connor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory Yochum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sudipto Das
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
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Zhang Y, Zhang G, Wang Y, Ye L, Peng L, Shi R, Guo S, He J, Yang H, Dai Q. Current treatment strategies targeting histone deacetylase inhibitors in acute lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1324859. [PMID: 38450195 PMCID: PMC10915758 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1324859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphocytic leukemia is a hematological malignancy that primarily affects children. Long-term chemotherapy is effective, but always causes different toxic side effects. With the application of a chemotherapy-free treatment strategy, we intend to demonstrate the most recent results of using one type of epigenetic drug, histone deacetylase inhibitors, in ALL and to provide preclinical evidence for further clinical trials. In this review, we found that panobinostat (LBH589) showed positive outcomes as a monotherapy, whereas vorinostat (SAHA) was a better choice for combinatorial use. Preclinical research has identified chidamide as a potential agent for investigation in more clinical trials in the future. In conclusion, histone deacetylase inhibitors play a significant role in the chemotherapy-free landscape in cancer treatment, particularly in acute lymphocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuefang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Luyun Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siqi Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajing He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingkai Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Xie X, Zhang N, Li X, Huang H, Peng C, Huang W, Foster LJ, He G, Han B. Small-molecule dual inhibitors targeting heat shock protein 90 for cancer targeted therapy. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106721. [PMID: 37467620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90, also known as Hsp90, is an extensively preserved molecular chaperone that performs a critical function in organizing various biological pathways and cellular operations. As a potential drug target, Hsp90 is closely linked to cancer. Hsp90 inhibitors are a class of drugs that have been extensively studied in preclinical models and have shown promise in a variety of diseases, especially cancer. However, Hsp90 inhibitors have encountered several challenges in clinical development, such as low efficacy, toxicity, or drug resistance, few Hsp90 small molecule inhibitors have been approved worldwide. Nonetheless, combining Hsp90 inhibitors with other tumor inhibitors, such as HDAC inhibitors, tubulin inhibitors, and Topo II inhibitors, has been shown to have synergistic antitumor effects. Consequently, the development of Hsp90 dual-target inhibitors is an effective strategy in cancer treatment, as it enhances potency while reducing drug resistance. This article provides an overview of Hsp90's domain structure and biological functions, as well as a discussion of the design, discovery, and structure-activity relationships of Hsp90 dual inhibitors, aiming to provide insights into clinical drug research from a medicinal chemistry perspective and discover novel Hsp90 dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Dermatology & Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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El Omari N, Bakrim S, Khalid A, Albratty M, Abdalla AN, Lee LH, Goh KW, Ming LC, Bouyahya A. Anticancer clinical efficiency and stochastic mechanisms of belinostat. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115212. [PMID: 37541175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is strongly affected by epigenetic events in addition to genetic modifications. One of the key elements in the epigenetic control of gene expression is histone modification through acetylation, which is regulated by the synergy between histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs are thought to offer considerable potential for the development of anticancer medications, particularly when used in conjunction with other anticancer medications and/or radiotherapy. Belinostat (Beleodaq, PXD101) is a pan-HDAC unsaturated hydroxamate inhibitor with a sulfonamide group that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of refractory or relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and solid malignancies or and other hematological tissues. This drug modifies histones and epigenetic pathways. Because HDAC and HAT imbalance can lead to downregulation of regulatory genes, resulting in tumorigenesis. Inhibition of HDACs by belinostat indirectly promotes anti-cancer therapeutic effect by provoking acetylated histone accumulation, re-establishing normal gene expressions in cancer cells and stimulating other routes such as the immune response, p27 signaling cascades, caspase 3 activation, nuclear protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) degradation, cyclin A (G2/M phase), cyclin E1 (G1/S phase) and other events. In addition, belinostat has already been discovered to increase p21WAF1 in a number of cell lines (melanoma, prostate, breast, lung, colon, and ovary). This cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor actually has a role in processes that cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Belinostat's clinical effectiveness, comprising Phase I and II studies within the areas of solid and hematological cancers, has been evidenced through several investigative trials that have supported its potential to be a valuable anti-cancer drug. The purpose of this research was to provide insight on the specific molecular processes through which belinostat inhibits HDAC. The ability to investigate new therapeutic options employing targeted therapy and acquire a deeper understanding of cancer cell abnormalities may result from a better understanding of these particular routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Sunway Microbiomics Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia; Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia.
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia; Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
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Cao Z, Zeng L, Wang Z, Wen X, Zhang J. Integrated pan-cancer analysis of centromere protein F and experimental verification of its role and clinical significance in cholangiocarcinoma. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:190. [PMID: 37247093 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Centromere protein F (CENPF), a protein related to the cell cycle, is a key part of the kinetochore-centromere complex involved in cell division, differentiation, and proliferation. CENPF expression is upregulated in various types of cancer and plays a role in oncogenesis and tumor progression. However, the expression pattern, prognostic significance, and biological role of CENPF in these cancer types are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis of the role of CENPF, which we considered a cut point, to investigate its utility as a prognostic and immunological indicator for malignancies, especially cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Using systematic bioinformatics analysis, we investigated the expression patterns, prognostic relevance, molecular function, signaling pathways, and immune infiltration patterns of CENPF in the pan-cancer analysis. Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining assays were performed to evaluate the expression profiles of CENPF in CCA tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays, as well as CCA xenograft mouse models, were employed to determine the role and function of CENPF in CCA. The results showed that CENPF expression was upregulated and strongly linked to a worse prognosis in most cancer types. CENPF expression was substantially associated with immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment, genes related to immune checkpoints, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and immunotherapy response in diverse malignancies. CENPF was considerably overexpressed in CCA tissues and cells. Functionally, inhibiting CENPF expression significantly reduced the proliferating, migrating, and invading abilities of CCA cells. CENPF expression also affects the prognosis of multiple malignancies, which is highly associated with immunotherapy response and tumor immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, CENPF may act as an oncogene and an immune infiltration-related biomarker and can accelerate tumor development in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Liyun Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Xueyi Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China.
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Lian B, Chen X, Shen K. Inhibition of histone deacetylases attenuates tumor progression and improves immunotherapy in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164514. [PMID: 36969235 PMCID: PMC10034161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the common malignancies with poor prognosis worldwide. The treatment of breast cancer patients includes surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has potentiated the survival of certain breast cancer patients; however, primary resistance or acquired resistance attenuate the therapeutic outcomes. Histone acetyltransferases induce histone acetylation on lysine residues, which can be reversed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Dysregulation of HDACs via mutation and abnormal expression contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Numerous HDAC inhibitors have been developed and exhibited the potent anti-tumor activity in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. HDAC inhibitors ameliorated immunotherapeutic efficacy in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the anti-tumor activity of HDAC inhibitors in breast cancer, including dacinostat, belinostat, abexinostat, mocetinotat, panobinostat, romidepsin, entinostat, vorinostat, pracinostat, tubastatin A, trichostatin A, and tucidinostat. Moreover, we uncover the mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors in improving immunotherapy in breast cancer. Furthermore, we highlight that HDAC inhibitors might be potent agents to potentiate immunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kunwei Shen
- *Correspondence: Xiaosong Chen, ; Kunwei Shen,
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Feng J, Meng X. Histone modification and histone modification-targeted anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer: Fundamentals and beyond. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946811. [PMID: 36188615 PMCID: PMC9522521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epigenetic enzymes and resultant abnormal epigenetic modifications (EMs) have been suggested to be closely related to tumor occurrence and progression. Histone modifications (HMs) can assist in maintaining genome stability, DNA repair, transcription, and chromatin modulation within breast cancer (BC) cells. In addition, HMs are reversible, dynamic processes involving the associations of different enzymes with molecular compounds. Abnormal HMs (e.g. histone methylation and histone acetylation) have been identified to be tightly related to BC occurrence and development, even though their underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. EMs are reversible, and as a result, epigenetic enzymes have aroused wide attention as anti-tumor therapeutic targets. At present, treatments to restore aberrant EMs within BC cells have entered preclinical or clinical trials. In addition, no existing studies have comprehensively analyzed aberrant HMs within BC cells; in addition, HM-targeting BC treatments remain to be further investigated. Histone and non-histone protein methylation is becoming an attractive anti-tumor epigenetic therapeutic target; such methylation-related enzyme inhibitors are under development at present. Consequently, the present work focuses on summarizing relevant studies on HMs related to BC and the possible mechanisms associated with abnormal HMs. Additionally, we also aim to analyze existing therapeutic agents together with those drugs approved and tested through pre-clinical and clinical trials, to assess their roles in HMs. Moreover, epi-drugs that target HMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors should be tested in preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of BC. Epi-drugs that target histone methylation (HMT inhibitors) and histone acetylation (HDAC inhibitors) have now entered clinical trials or are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, the review covers the difficulties in applying HM-targeting treatments in clinics and proposes feasible approaches for overcoming such difficulties and promoting their use in treating BC cases.
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Yang J, Song C, Zhan X. The role of protein acetylation in carcinogenesis and targeted drug discovery. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:972312. [PMID: 36171897 PMCID: PMC9510633 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.972312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein acetylation is a reversible post-translational modification, and is involved in many biological processes in cells, such as transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair, and energy metabolism, which is an important molecular event and is associated with a wide range of diseases such as cancers. Protein acetylation is dynamically regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) in homeostasis. The abnormal acetylation level might lead to the occurrence and deterioration of a cancer, and is closely related to various pathophysiological characteristics of a cancer, such as malignant phenotypes, and promotes cancer cells to adapt to tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic modalities targeting protein acetylation are a potential therapeutic strategy. This article discussed the roles of protein acetylation in tumor pathology and therapeutic drugs targeting protein acetylation, which offers the contributions of protein acetylation in clarification of carcinogenesis, and discovery of therapeutic drugs for cancers, and lays the foundation for precision medicine in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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10
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Nguyen HP, Tran QD, Nguyen CQ, Hoa TP, Duy Binh T, Nhu Thao H, Hue BTB, Tuan NT, Le Dang Q, Quoc Chau Thanh N, Van Ky N, Pham MQ, Yang SG. Anti-multiple myeloma potential of resynthesized belinostat derivatives: an experimental study on cytotoxic activity, drug combination, and docking studies. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22108-22118. [PMID: 36043105 PMCID: PMC9364358 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01969h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a deadly cancer that is a complex and multifactorial disease. In the present study, 12 belinostat derivatives (four resynthesized and eight new), HDAC inhibitors, were resynthesized via either Knoevenagel condensation, or Wittig reaction, or Heck reaction. Then an evaluation of the antiproliferative activities against myeloma cells MOPC-315 was carried out. Amongst them, compound 7f was the most bioactive compound with an IC50 of 0.090 ± 0.016 μM, being 3.5-fold more potent than the reference belinostat (IC50 = 0.318 ± 0.049 μM). Furthermore, we also confirmed the inhibitory activity of 7f in a cellular model. Additionally, we found that the inhibitory activity of 7f against histone deacetylase 6 catalytic activity (HDAC6) is more potent than that of belinostat. Finally, we observed the strong synergistic interaction between the derivative 7f and the proteasome bortezomib inhibitor (CI = 0.26), while belinostat and bortezomib showed synergism with a CI value of 0.36. Taken together, the above results suggest that 7f is a promising HDAC inhibitor deserving further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine Incheon 22212 South Korea +82-32-890-1199 +82-32-890-2832
| | - Quang De Tran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Cuong Quoc Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Tran Phuong Hoa
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine Incheon 22212 South Korea +82-32-890-1199 +82-32-890-2832
| | - Tran Duy Binh
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine Incheon 22212 South Korea +82-32-890-1199 +82-32-890-2832
| | - Huynh Nhu Thao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Nguyen Trong Tuan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Quang Le Dang
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi 100000 Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quoc Chau Thanh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Nguyen Van Ky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University Can Tho 90000 Vietnam +84934527817
| | - Minh Quan Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi 100000 Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi 100000 Vietnam
| | - Su-Geun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine Incheon 22212 South Korea +82-32-890-1199 +82-32-890-2832
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11
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Firoozbakht F, Rezaeian I, Rueda L, Ngom A. Computationally repurposing drugs for breast cancer subtypes using a network-based approach. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:143. [PMID: 35443626 PMCID: PMC9020161 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
‘De novo’ drug discovery is costly, slow, and with high risk. Repurposing known drugs for treatment of other diseases offers a fast, low-cost/risk and highly-efficient method toward development of efficacious treatments. The emergence of large-scale heterogeneous biomolecular networks, molecular, chemical and bioactivity data, and genomic and phenotypic data of pharmacological compounds is enabling the development of new area of drug repurposing called ‘in silico’ drug repurposing, i.e., computational drug repurposing (CDR). The aim of CDR is to discover new indications for an existing drug (drug-centric) or to identify effective drugs for a disease (disease-centric). Both drug-centric and disease-centric approaches have the common challenge of either assessing the similarity or connections between drugs and diseases. However, traditional CDR is fraught with many challenges due to the underlying complex pharmacology and biology of diseases, genes, and drugs, as well as the complexity of their associations. As such, capturing highly non-linear associations among drugs, genes, diseases by most existing CDR methods has been challenging. We propose a network-based integration approach that can best capture knowledge (and complex relationships) contained within and between drugs, genes and disease data. A network-based machine learning approach is applied thereafter by using the extracted knowledge and relationships in order to identify single and pair of approved or experimental drugs with potential therapeutic effects on different breast cancer subtypes. Indeed, further clinical analysis is needed to confirm the therapeutic effects of identified drugs on each breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Firoozbakht
- School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Iman Rezaeian
- School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, Canada.,Rocket Innovation Studio, 156 Chatham St W, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Luis Rueda
- School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, Canada.
| | - Alioune Ngom
- School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, Canada
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12
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Ebrahimpour M, Mohammadian M, Pourheydar B, Moradi Z, Behrouzkia Z. Effects of Radiotherapy in Combination With Irinotecan and 17-AAG on Bcl-2 and Caspase 3 Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 13:e9. [DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2022.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In this study, the cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects of Irinotecan as a conventional chemotherapeutic agent compared to 17-(allyl amino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) as possible radiosensitizers in the HCT-116 cell line were investigated. Methods: HCT-116 cells were treated with various concentrations of irinotecan and 17-AAG and also irradiated with a 2-Gy of X-ray radiation. Then, the cell viability was examined by a water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay after 24 hours. For single therapies and double and triple combination cases, IC50, 0.5×IC50 and 0.25×IC50 concentrations of each drug were selected respectively for a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and other tests. In treated and untreated cells, the caspase 3 and Bcl-2 gene expression ratios were evaluated by the real-time PCR method. Likewise, caspase 3 activity was detected with a colorimetric assay. Results: In all combined treatments, including 17-AAG- radiation, irinotecan - radiation, irinotecan -17-AAG, and irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation, decreased cellular viability and increased TUNEL positive cells were presented versus the control group (P<0.05). There were increased TUNEL positive cells in the triple combination, in concentrations of 0.25×IC50 of each drug, in comparison with single and double agent treatments. Moreover, in triple combination, the caspase 3 mRNA level and caspase 3 activity increased versus related single treatments. Likewise, in the irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation combined treatment and the 17-AAG-radiation double treatment, the Bcl-2 gene expression level decreased in comparison with single therapies. Conclusion: It can be indicated that the combination of chemo-radiotherapy versus single treatments has significant anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Ebrahimpour
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahshid Mohammadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zhino Moradi
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Behrouzkia
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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13
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With or without You: Co-Chaperones Mediate Health and Disease by Modifying Chaperone Function and Protein Triage. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113121. [PMID: 34831344 PMCID: PMC8619055 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of molecular chaperones that regulate essential protein refolding and triage decisions to maintain protein homeostasis. Numerous co-chaperone proteins directly interact and modify the function of HSPs, and these interactions impact the outcome of protein triage, impacting everything from structural proteins to cell signaling mediators. The chaperone/co-chaperone machinery protects against various stressors to ensure cellular function in the face of stress. However, coding mutations, expression changes, and post-translational modifications of the chaperone/co-chaperone machinery can alter the cellular stress response. Importantly, these dysfunctions appear to contribute to numerous human diseases. Therapeutic targeting of chaperones is an attractive but challenging approach due to the vast functions of HSPs, likely contributing to the off-target effects of these therapies. Current efforts focus on targeting co-chaperones to develop precise treatments for numerous diseases caused by defects in protein quality control. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding selected HSP70/HSP90 co-chaperones, with a concentration on cardioprotection, neuroprotection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. We also discuss therapeutic approaches that highlight both the utility and challenges of targeting co-chaperones.
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14
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Li W, Wu H, Sui S, Wang Q, Xu S, Pang D. Targeting Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer: A Precise Weapon on the Way. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736935. [PMID: 34595180 PMCID: PMC8476812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications (HMs) contribute to maintaining genomic stability, transcription, DNA repair, and modulating chromatin in cancer cells. Furthermore, HMs are dynamic and reversible processes that involve interactions between numerous enzymes and molecular components. Aberrant HMs are strongly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer (BC), although the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Moreover, there is no comprehensive overview of abnormal HMs in BC, and BC therapies that target HMs are still in their infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing evidence regarding HMs that are involved in BC and the potential mechanisms that are related to aberrant HMs. Moreover, this review examines the currently available agents and approved drugs that have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies to evaluate their effects on HMs. Finally, this review covers the barriers to the clinical application of therapies that target HMs, and possible strategies that could help overcome these barriers and accelerate the use of these therapies to cure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyao Sui
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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15
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Wawruszak A, Borkiewicz L, Okon E, Kukula-Koch W, Afshan S, Halasa M. Vorinostat (SAHA) and Breast Cancer: An Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4700. [PMID: 34572928 PMCID: PMC8468501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vorinostat (SAHA), an inhibitor of class I and II of histone deacetylases, is the first histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDI) approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in 2006. HDIs are promising anticancer agents that inhibit the proliferation of many types of cancer cells including breast carcinoma (BC). BC is a heterogeneous disease with variable biological behavior, morphological features, and response to therapy. Although significant progress in the treatment of BC has been made, high toxicity to normal cells, serious side effects, and the occurrence of multi-drug resistance limit the effective therapy of BC patients. Therefore, new active agents which improve the effectiveness of currently used regimens are highly needed. This manuscript analyzes preclinical and clinical trials data of SAHA, applied individually or in combination with other anticancer agents, considering different histological subtypes of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.B.); (E.O.); (M.H.)
| | - Lidia Borkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.B.); (E.O.); (M.H.)
| | - Estera Okon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.B.); (E.O.); (M.H.)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Syeda Afshan
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland;
| | - Marta Halasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.B.); (E.O.); (M.H.)
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16
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Han XL, Du J, Zheng YD, Dai JJ, Lin SW, Zhang BY, Zhong FB, Lin ZG, Jiang SQ, Wei W, Fang ZY. CXCL1 Clone Evolution Induced by the HDAC Inhibitor Belinostat Might Be a Favorable Prognostic Indicator in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5089371. [PMID: 33959656 PMCID: PMC8075662 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5089371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer due to its lack of treatment options. Patients with TNBC frequently develop resistance to chemotherapy. As epigenetic-based antineoplastic drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have achieved particular efficacy in lymphoma but are less efficacious in solid tumors, and the resistance mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, the GSE129944 microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was downloaded, and fold changes at the transcriptome level of a TNBC line (MDA-MB-231) after treatment with belinostat were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify the critical biological processes. Construction and analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed to screen candidate genes related to cancer prognosis. A total of 465 DEGs were identified, including 240 downregulated and 225 upregulated genes. The cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway was identified as being significantly changed. Furthermore, the expression of CXCL1 was implicated as a favorable factor in the overall survival of breast cancer patients. With in vitro approaches, we also showed that belinostat could induce the expression of CXCL1 in another 2 TNBC cell lines (BT-549 and HCC-1937). We speculate that belinostat-induced CXCL1 expression could be one of the results of the stress clone evolution of cells after HDACi treatment. These findings provide new insights into clone evolution during HDACi treatment, which might guide us to a novel perspective that various mutation-targeted treatments should be implemented during the whole treatment cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-le Han
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ya-dan Zheng
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Jia-jing Dai
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Su-wen Lin
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Bing-yue Zhang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Fu-bo Zhong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Zhe-guang Lin
- Department of Biobank, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Shu-qi Jiang
- Department of Biobank, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Zheng-yu Fang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Department of Biobank, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
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