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Afshana, Reshi ZA, Shah MA, Malik RA, Rashid I. Species composition of root-associated mycobiome of ruderal invasive Anthemis cotula L. varies with elevation in Kashmir Himalaya. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:1053-1071. [PMID: 37093323 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the microbial communities associated with invasive plant species can provide insights into how these species establish and thrive in new environments. Here, we explored the fungal species associated with the roots of the invasive species Anthemis cotula L. at 12 sites with varying elevations in the Kashmir Himalaya. Illumina MiSeq platform was used to identify the species composition, diversity, and guild structure of these root-associated fungi. The study found a total of 706 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 8 phyla, 20 classes, 53 orders, 109 families, and 160 genera associated with roots of A. cotula, with the most common genus being Funneliformis. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constituted the largest guild at higher elevations. The study also revealed that out of the 12 OTUs comprising the core mycobiome, 4 OTUs constituted the stable component while the remaining 8 OTUs comprised the dynamic component. While α-diversity did not vary across sites, significant variation was noted in β-diversity. The study confirmed the facilitative role of the microbiome through a greenhouse trial in which a significant effect of soil microbiome on height, shoot biomass, root biomass, number of flower heads, and internal CO2 concentration of the host plant was observed. The study indicates that diverse fungal mutualists get associated with this invasive alien species even in nutrient-rich ruderal habitats and may be contributing to its spread into higher elevations. This study highlights the importance of understanding the role of root-associated fungi in invasion dynamics and the potential use of mycobiome management strategies to control invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshana
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
| | - Manzoor A Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Rayees A Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
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Kanmaz O, Şenel T, Dalfes HN. A Modeling Framework to Frame a Biological Invasion: Impatiens glandulifera in North America. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1433. [PMID: 37050059 PMCID: PMC10097319 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are a major component of global environmental change with severe ecological and economic consequences. Since eradicating biological invaders is costly and even futile in many cases, predicting the areas under risk to take preventive measures is crucial. Impatiens glandulifera is a very aggressive and prolific invasive species and has been expanding its invasive range all across the Northern hemisphere, primarily in Europe. Although it is currently spread in the east and west of North America (in Canada and USA), studies on its fate under climate change are quite limited compared to the vast literature in Europe. Hybrid models, which integrate multiple modeling approaches, are promising tools for making projections to identify the areas under invasion risk. We developed a hybrid and spatially explicit framework by utilizing MaxEnt, one of the most preferred species distribution modeling (SDM) methods, and we developed an agent-based model (ABM) with the statistical language R. We projected the I. glandulifera invasion in North America, for the 2020-2050 period, under the RCP 4.5 scenario. Our results showed a predominant northward progression of the invasive range alongside an aggressive expansion in both currently invaded areas and interior regions. Our projections will provide valuable insights for risk assessment before the potentially irreversible outcomes emerge, considering the severity of the current state of the invasion in Europe.
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Schwaiger H, Lenzer B, Essl F. No species loss, but pronounced species turnover in grasslands in the Northern Alps over 25 years. APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE 2022; 25:e12700. [PMID: 37082134 PMCID: PMC10107162 DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The abandonment of marginally productive habitats and the intensification of land use on productive sites have caused transformative changes in vegetation composition in Central Europe. In this study, after 25 years we resurveyed a total of 145 grassland relevés from the mid-1990s in a grassland-dominated valley of the Northern Alps of Upper Austria. We studied changes in richness and composition, and related these to underlying drivers. We found that the average species number in plots increased from 46 in the first survey period to 49 in the second one. Median species richness across sites significantly increased from 1995 to 2020 for Festuco-Brometea (55-61 species) and Galio-Urticetea (24-32 species), but did not show any significant change for the other classes. Further, we recorded substantial species turnover, with winners consisting mostly of species that prefer nutrient-rich sites, while losers were predominantly species of nutrient-poor sites. In particular, using Ellenberg Indicator Values for calculating community indices, we found an indication for ongoing eutrophication in vegetation types of nutrient-poor vegetation classes (Festuco-Brometea and Calluno-Ulicetea), and in wet habitats (Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae). Community indices of wet habitats also showed clear signs of becoming more mesic. Thermophilization of community indices was evident across several vegetation classes. Further, alien species that were very rare in the mid-1990s became more abundant in the resurveyed plots, although the level of invasion is still low. Finally, community values for nutrients of plots that are located in a protected area that has been established in 2014 did not increase significantly, while this was the case in plots outside the protected area, indicating that the management of the protected area has positive effects in halting eutrophication. We conclude that despite overall species richness changing only moderately between both surveys, substantial changes in community composition toward more nitrophilic and thermophilic conditions occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Schwaiger
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Bernd Lenzer
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Franz Essl
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
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Haider S, Lembrechts JJ, McDougall K, Pauchard A, Alexander JM, Barros A, Cavieres LA, Rashid I, Rew LJ, Aleksanyan A, Arévalo JR, Aschero V, Chisholm C, Clark VR, Clavel J, Daehler C, Dar PA, Dietz H, Dimarco RD, Edwards P, Essl F, Fuentes‐Lillo E, Guisan A, Gwate O, Hargreaves AL, Jakobs G, Jiménez A, Kardol P, Kueffer C, Larson C, Lenoir J, Lenzner B, Padrón Mederos MA, Mihoc M, Milbau A, Morgan JW, Müllerová J, Naylor BJ, Nijs I, Nuñez MA, Otto R, Preuk N, Ratier Backes A, Reshi ZA, Rumpf SB, Sandoya V, Schroder M, Speziale KL, Urbach D, Valencia G, Vandvik V, Vitková M, Vorstenbosch T, Walker TWN, Walsh N, Wright G, Zong S, Seipel T. Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8590. [PMID: 35222963 PMCID: PMC8844121 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and other global change drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for plant species to change their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic and difficult to generalize, partly due to variation in sampling methods. There is thus a need for a standardized monitoring strategy that can be applied across mountain regions to assess distribution changes and community turnover of native and non-native plant species over space and time. Here, we present a conceptually intuitive and standardized protocol developed by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) to systematically quantify global patterns of native and non-native species distributions along elevation gradients and shifts arising from interactive effects of climate change and human disturbance. Usually repeated every five years, surveys consist of 20 sample sites located at equal elevation increments along three replicate roads per sampling region. At each site, three plots extend from the side of a mountain road into surrounding natural vegetation. The protocol has been successfully used in 18 regions worldwide from 2007 to present. Analyses of one point in time already generated some salient results, and revealed region-specific elevational patterns of native plant species richness, but a globally consistent elevational decline in non-native species richness. Non-native plants were also more abundant directly adjacent to road edges, suggesting that disturbed roadsides serve as a vector for invasions into mountains. From the upcoming analyses of time series, even more exciting results can be expected, especially about range shifts. Implementing the protocol in more mountain regions globally would help to generate a more complete picture of how global change alters species distributions. This would inform conservation policy in mountain ecosystems, where some conservation policies remain poorly implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Haider
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Jonas J. Lembrechts
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Keith McDougall
- Department of Planning, Industry and EnvironmentQueanbeyanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
| | | | - Agustina Barros
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología y Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)Centro Científico Tecnológico (CCT)CONICET MendozaMendozaArgentina
| | - Lohengrin A. Cavieres
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
- Departamento de BotánicaFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y OceanográficasUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of BotanyUniversity of KashmirSrinagarIndia
| | - Lisa J. Rew
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | - Alla Aleksanyan
- Department of Geobotany and Plant EcophysiologyInstitute of Botany aft. A.L. Takhtajyan NAS RAYerevanArmenia
- Chair of Biology and BiotechnologiesArmenian National Agrarian UniversityYerevanArmenia
| | - José R. Arévalo
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of La LagunaLa LagunaSpain
| | - Valeria Aschero
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología y Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)Centro Científico Tecnológico (CCT)CONICET MendozaMendozaArgentina
| | | | - V. Ralph Clark
- Afromontane Research Unit & Department of GeographyUniversity of the Free State: Qwaqwa CampusPhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa
| | - Jan Clavel
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Curtis Daehler
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Hawai'i at ManoaHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | | | - Hansjörg Dietz
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Romina D. Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de InsectosIFAB (INTA‐CONICET)BarilocheArgentina
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Peter Edwards
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Franz Essl
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology GroupDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Eduardo Fuentes‐Lillo
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
- School of Education and Social SciencesAdventist University of ChileChillánChile
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics & Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Onalenna Gwate
- Afromontane Research Unit & Department of GeographyUniversity of the Free State: Qwaqwa CampusPhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa
| | | | - Gabi Jakobs
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Alejandra Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biologicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Christoph Kueffer
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Department of Botany and ZoologyCentre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatielandSouth Africa
| | - Christian Larson
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSANUMR 7058 CNRS)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Bernd Lenzner
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology GroupDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Maritza Mihoc
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
- Departamento de BotánicaFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y OceanográficasUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Ann Milbau
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest – INBOBrusselsBelgium
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and EvolutionLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jana Müllerová
- Department of GIS and Remote SensingInstitute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | | | - Ivan Nijs
- Research group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
- Grupo Ecología de InvasionesInstituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio AmbienteCONICET ‐ Universidad Nacional del ComahueBarilocheArgentina
| | - Rüdiger Otto
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of La LagunaLa LagunaSpain
| | - Niels Preuk
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | - Amanda Ratier Backes
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | | | - Sabine B. Rumpf
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Verónica Sandoya
- School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyYachay Tech UniversityUrcuquíEcuador
- CREAFCerdanyola del VallèsSpain
- Unitat d'EcologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain
| | - Mellesa Schroder
- Department of Planning, Industry and EnvironmentJindabyneNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Davnah Urbach
- Global Mountain Biodiversity AssessmentInstitute of Plant SciencesUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Graciela Valencia
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB)SantiagoChile
- Departamento de BotánicaFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y OceanográficasUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Michaela Vitková
- Department of Invasion EcologyInstitute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | - Tom Vorstenbosch
- Bioinvasions, Global Change, Macroecology GroupDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Tom W. N. Walker
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
| | - Neville Walsh
- Royal Botanic Gardens VictoriaMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Genevieve Wright
- Department of Planning, Industry and EnvironmentNSW Government, Biodiversity and ConservationQueanbeyanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Shengwei Zong
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai MountainsMinistry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Tim Seipel
- Department of Land Resource and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
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Anđelković AA, Pavlović DM, Marisavljević DP, Živković MM, Novković MZ, Popović SS, Cvijanović DL, Radulović SB. Plant invasions in riparian areas of the Middle Danube Basin in Serbia. NEOBIOTA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.71.69716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Riparian areas experience strong invasion pressures worldwide and represent important points of spread for invasive alien plants (IAPs) in the European mainland. The Danube Basin is a well-known point of high plant invasion levels. Given that the middle part of the Danube Basin is critically understudied and the general lack of data for Serbia, the study aimed to provide an insight into the spatial patterns of plant invasions in the riparian areas of Serbia (Middle Danube Basin area). A total of 250 field sites, distributed along 39 rivers (nine catchment areas) and six canal sections, were studied during a four-year period (2013–2016) for the presence and abundance of IAPs. At the landscape scale, we studied distribution patterns of IAPs, differences in invasion levels in different catchment areas and between rivers and canals. At the local scale, we investigated how the proximity to roads/railway lines, housing areas, different land-use types (primarily agriculture), and dominant vegetation on site related to invasion patterns. Of the 26 studied IAPs, those with a well-known weedy behavior, long history of cultivation and strong affinity for riparian areas prevailed in the study area. Riparian zones of the Danube catchment exhibited the highest invasion levels in terms of IAPs richness and abundance, followed by the catchment areas of the Timok, Sava and Zapadna Morava rivers. Surprisingly, the Danube-Tisa-Danube canal network had the lowest invasion level. At the local scale, agriculture in proximity of the field site and dominant vegetation on site were observed as significant predictors of the invasion level. On the other hand, proximity to roads/railway lines and housing areas was not related to the invasion level. Finally, our study provides the first systematic overview of IAPs’ distribution data for riparian areas of the Middle Danube Basin in Serbia, which could provide a basis for long-term monitoring of IAPs and development of future management plans.
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Szilassi P, Soóky A, Bátori Z, Hábenczyus AA, Frei K, Tölgyesi C, van Leeuwen B, Tobak Z, Csikós N. Natura 2000 Areas, Road, Railway, Water, and Ecological Networks May Provide Pathways for Biological Invasion: A Country Scale Analysis. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10122670. [PMID: 34961140 PMCID: PMC8706988 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity worldwide. Controlling their rapid spread can only be effective if we consider the geographical factors that influence their occurrence. For instance, roads, railway networks, green and blue infrastructure, and elements of ecological networks (e.g., ecological corridors) can facilitate the spread of invasive species. In our study, we mapped the occurrence of five invasive plant taxa (tree of heaven, common milkweed, Russian olive, black locust, and goldenrods) in Hungary, using field photos from the EUROSTAT Land Use and Coverage Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) database from the year 2015. Species point occurrence data were compared with the spatial characteristics of linear transport infrastructure and with the green and blue infrastructure. We found that the occurrence of tree of heaven and Russian olive was strongly related to the road and railway network. The average Euclidean distance of LUCAS points infected with these species from railway embankments and roads was much smaller than that of uninfected points. However, black locust and goldenrods were more common only along the road network. According to our results, the occurrence of some investigated invasive plants was over-represented in the HEN and within Natura 2000 areas of Hungary compared to non-infected points. Our results may provide important information for predicting the rate of invasion and for applying targeted management within the HEN, and Natura 2000 protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Szilassi
- Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Egyetem utca 2, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary; (B.v.L.); (Z.T.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Soóky
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (A.A.H.); (K.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Zoltán Bátori
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (A.A.H.); (K.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Alida Anna Hábenczyus
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (A.A.H.); (K.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Kata Frei
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (A.A.H.); (K.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Csaba Tölgyesi
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (A.A.H.); (K.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Boudewijn van Leeuwen
- Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Egyetem utca 2, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary; (B.v.L.); (Z.T.); (N.C.)
| | - Zalán Tobak
- Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Egyetem utca 2, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary; (B.v.L.); (Z.T.); (N.C.)
| | - Nándor Csikós
- Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Egyetem utca 2, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary; (B.v.L.); (Z.T.); (N.C.)
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