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Michelot-Antalik A, Kergunteuil A, Genty L, Montagne P, Robin C, Tehranchi M, Lerch S. Ecological restoration combining mowing and competition limits the development of invasive Reynoutria japonica. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121818. [PMID: 39002462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Limiting the negative effects of an invasive species, such as Reynoutria japonica, has become a challenge for scientists and a necessity for managers. Ecologically relevant, technically feasible, and sustainable control methods must be created to reduce the development or spread of R. japonica in ecosystems. The objective of our study was to investigate how monthly mowing in association with plant competition affects the development of R. japonica over a three-year field experiment. Among the plant traits measured, the height growth of R. japonica was the most affected; it was strongly reduced in the presence of competing plants. Combined mowing and competition with restoration plants negatively affected the growth diameter of R. japonica. Most competitive sown species were well established and complementary in limiting the development of R. japonica. The plant communities showed interannual dynamics in which R. japonica declined progressively. The restoration methodology adopted in this study allows managers to make appropriate decisions to reduce the impact of R. japonica on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Kergunteuil
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, F-54000, Nancy, France; INRAE, PSH, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Léa Genty
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, F-54000, Nancy, France; Anses, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS30016, F-34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France
| | - Paul Montagne
- SPIGEst ENSAIA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye BP 20163 54505 NANCY, France
| | | | | | - Sylvain Lerch
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
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2
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Słowiński K, Grygierzec B, Baran A, Tabor S, Piatti D, Maggi F, Synowiec A. Microwave Control of Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Including Ecotoxicological Aspects and the Resveratrol Content in Rhizomes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38256706 PMCID: PMC10818956 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) is Poland's invasive weed, for which there is no efficient control method. The rhizomes of this species are rich in resveratrol. In this work, we evaluated (1) the effectiveness of electromagnetic microwaves (MV) in destroying Japanese knotweed using an original device, HOGWEED (MV of 2450 MHz), (2) the ecotoxic effect of the MV on the soil environment, and (3) the resveratrol content in knotweed rhizomes after MV treatment. The field studies were carried out in 2022 in southern Poland. Cut plants were MV-treated for times of 5.0-25.0 min. The MV efficiency was checked 10 and 56 days after treatment (DAT). After MV treatment, fresh soil samples were taken to analyze their ecotoxicity. As a result, at 56 DAT, knotweed was controlled if MV was used for at least 20.0 min. The MV did not affect the soil ecotoxicity. The MV-treated soils were classified as non-toxic or low-toxic. To analyze the resveratrol content, healthy knotweed rhizomes were dug out, treated with MV in the laboratory at 2.5-10.0 min, and analyzed for resveratrol content in HPLC-MS/MS. As a result, the resveratrol in the rhizomes significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner following MV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Słowiński
- Department of Forest Management, Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Beata Grygierzec
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Sylwester Tabor
- Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 116 B, 30-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Diletta Piatti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Synowiec
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
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3
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Šoln K, Žnidaršič N, Klemenčič M, Koce JD. Fallopia japonica and Fallopia × bohemica extracts cause ultrastructural and biochemical changes in root tips of radish seedlings. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14032. [PMID: 37882300 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) and Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia × bohemica) are invasive plants that use allelopathy as an additional mechanism for colonization of the new habitat. Allelochemicals affect the growth of roots of neighboring plants. In the present study, we analyze the early changes associated with the inhibited root growth of radish seedlings exposed to aqueous extracts of knotweed rhizomes for 3 days. Here, we show that cells in the root cap treated with the knotweed extracts exhibited reduced cell length and displayed several ultrastructural changes, including the increased abundance of dilated ER cisternae filled with electron-dense material (ER bodies) and the accumulation of dense inclusions. Moreover, mitochondrial damage was exhibited in the root cap and the meristem zone compared to the non-treated radish seedlings. Furthermore, malfunction of the intracellular redox balance system was detected as the increased total antioxidative capacity. We also detected increased metacaspase-like proteolytic activities and, in the case of 10% extract of F. japonica, increased caspase-like proteolytic activities. These ultrastructural and biochemical effects could be the reason for the more than 60% shorter root length of treated radish seedlings compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Šoln
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biodiversity, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Nada Žnidaršič
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marina Klemenčič
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Dolenc Koce
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Levačić D, Perković L, Vuković N, Jelaska SD. Bohemian Knotweed Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek et Chrtková Seems Not to Rely Heavily on Allelopathy for Its Persistence in Invaded Sites in the Southwest Part of the Zagreb, Croatia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112222. [PMID: 37299201 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Notorious invasive Bohemian knotweed Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek et Chrtková is a hybrid of two species, Reynoutria japonica Houtt. and Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. S. Petrop.) Nakai in T. Mori which spontaneously developed in Europe, outside the natural distribution of its parental species. Its success could potentially lie in its allelopathic activity, which was confirmed in a number of experiments conducted with the leaf and root exudates, testing their effect on the germination and growth of various test plants. Here, we tested its allelopathic potential using different concentrations of leaf exudates on two test plants, Triticum aestivum L. and Sinapis alba L., in Petri dishes and pots with soil and by growing test plants in the soil sampled in knotweed stands on the edges of stands and outside of stands. Tests in Petri dishes and pots with soil to which leaf exudates were added have shown a decrease in germination and growth in comparison to the control, hence confirming the allelopathic effect. However, this was not confirmed in a test with in situ soil samples, where no statistically significant differences were observed, neither in the growth of test plants nor in the chemical characteristics (pH, soil organic matter, humus content) of the soil. Therefore, the persistence of Bohemian knotweed at already invaded sites could be attributed to its efficient use of resources (light and nutrients) through which it outcompetes native plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damjana Levačić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucia Perković
- Ekonerg-Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Koranska 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Vuković
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven D Jelaska
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Inhibitory effects of methanol extracts from Fallopia japonica and F. × bohemica rhizomes and selected phenolic compounds on radish germination and root growth. CHEMOECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-022-00375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAllelopathic plants release secondary compounds into the soil that then suppress the growth of nearby plants. Allelopathy has been shown for the invasive Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) and Bohemian knotweed (F. × bohemica). The aggressive and dominant invaders represent a serious threat to the local plant communities outside their native range. Here, we analysed the phenols in the knotweed rhizomes using nuclear magnetic resonance. We also evaluated the allelopathic potential of methanol extracts of F. japonica and F. × bohemica rhizomes and compared these with the effects of the individual knotweed phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture. Rhizomes of both knotweeds contained similar amounts of epicatechin and emodin, with 24% higher resveratrol in F. × bohemica. Only the F. × bohemica methanol extract inhibited radish (Raphanus sativus) seed germination. After 3 days of treatments with 10% (w/v) extracts of both knotweeds, radish seedlings showed up to 70% shorter roots. In contrast, root growth of seedlings treated with the individual phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture, was inhibited by up to 30%, similar to the 1% knotweed extracts. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress also increased in the roots of treated seedlings, with high levels of malondialdehyde in particular indicating lipid peroxidation. Total antioxidative capacity was also increased in seedlings exposed to 0.6 mg/mL resveratrol and emodin. This study shows higher allelopathic potential of the knotweed methanol extracts compared to the individual phenols and their mixture.
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Šoln K, Žnidaršič N, Dolenc Koce J. Root growth inhibition and ultrastructural changes in radish root tips after treatment with aqueous extracts of Fallopia japonica and F. ×bohemica rhizomes. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:343-355. [PMID: 34089092 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathic compounds released by invasive alien plants can suppress the growth of plants in their vicinity. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in tissue and cell structure in roots of radish seedlings treated with 10% aqueous extracts of rhizomes from the invasive knotweeds Fallopia japonica and F. ×bohemica. After 7 days of growth without and with aqueous extracts from these rhizomes, the anatomical and ultrastructural changes in the radish seedling roots were analyzed with light and transmission electron microscopy, and hydrogen peroxide was localized with diaminobenzidine, to define oxidative stress. The roots of radish seedlings treated with the knotweed extracts were shorter and thicker, due to the shorter and wider shapes of their cortex cells, which were organized in more columns than the control roots. There were signs of cell damage and oxidative stress in the root cap cells, and to a lesser extent in the meristematic zone. As well as the irregularly shaped nuclei and plasma membrane detached from the cell wall, the most prominent ultrastructural effects in the root cap cells of these aqueous rhizome extracts were the ring-shaped form of the mitochondria and large endoplasmic reticulum bodies. Excessive vacuolization was seen for the cells of the root apical meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Šoln
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nada Žnidaršič
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Dolenc Koce
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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7
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Kato-Noguchi H. Allelopathy of Knotweeds as Invasive Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3. [PMID: 35009007 PMCID: PMC8747059 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Perennial herbaceous Fallopia is native to East Asia, and was introduced to Europe and North America in the 19th century as an ornamental plant. Fallopia has been spreading quickly and has naturalized in many countries. It is listed in the world's 100 worst alien species. Fallopia often forms dense monospecies stands through the interruption of the regeneration process of indigenous plant species. Allelopathy of Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), and Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia x bohemica) has been reported to play an essential role in its invasion. The exudate from their roots and/or rhizomes, and their plant residues inhibited the germination and growth of some other plant species. These knotweeds, which are non-mycorrhizal plants, also suppressed the abundance and species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere soil. Such suppression was critical for most territorial plants to form the mutualism with AMF, which enhances the nutrient and water uptake, and the tolerance against pathogens and stress conditions. Several allelochemicals such as flavanols, stilbenes, and quinones were identified in the extracts, residues, and rhizosphere soil of the knotweeds. The accumulated evidence suggests that some of those allelochemicals in knotweeds may be released into the rhizosphere soil through the decomposition process of their plant parts, and the exudation from their rhizomes and roots. Those allelochemicals may inhibit the germination and growth of native plants, and suppress the mycorrhizal colonization of native plants, which provides the knotweeds with a competitive advantage, and interrupts the regeneration processes of native plants. Therefore, allelopathy of knotweeds may contribute to establishing their new habitats in the introduced ranges as invasive plant species. It is the first review article focusing on the allelopathy of knotweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki 761-0795, Kagawa, Japan
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8
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Woch MW, Kapusta P, Stanek M, Zubek S, Stefanowicz AM. Functional traits predict resident plant response to Reynoutria japonica invasion in riparian and fallow communities in southern Poland. AOB PLANTS 2021; 13:plab035. [PMID: 34249308 PMCID: PMC8266581 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reynoutria japonica is one of the most harmful invasive species in the world, dramatically reducing the diversity of resident vegetation. To mitigate the impact of R. japonica on ecosystems and properly manage affected areas, understanding the mechanisms behind this plant's invasive success is imperative. This study aimed to comprehensively analyse plant communities invaded by R. japonica, taking into account species traits, habitat conditions and seasonal variability, and to determine the ecological profile of species that withstand the invader's pressure. The study was performed in fallow and riparian areas in southern Poland. Pairs of adjacent plots were established at 25 sites with no obvious signs of recent human disturbance. One plot contained R. japonica, and the other contained only resident vegetation. For each plot, botanical data were collected and soil physicochemical properties were determined. Twelve sites were surveyed four times, in two springs and two summers, to capture seasonal variability. The presence of R. japonica was strongly associated with reduced resident plant species diversity and/or abundance. In addition to the ability to quickly grow and form a dense canopy that shades the ground, the success of the invader likely resulted from the production of large amounts of hard-to-decompose litter. The indirect impact of R. japonica by controlling the availability of nutrients in the soil might also play a role. A few species coexisted with R. japonica. They can be classified into three groups: (i) spring ephemerals - geophytic forbs with a mixed life history strategy, (ii) lianas with a competitive strategy and (iii) hemicryptophytic forbs with a competitive strategy. Species from the first two groups likely avoided competition for light by temporal or spatial niche separation (they grew earlier than or above the invasive plant), whereas the high competitive abilities of species from the third group likely enabled them to survive in R. japonica patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin W Woch
- Institute of Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, PL- 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Paweł Kapusta
- Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stanek
- Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Zubek
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, PL-30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna M Stefanowicz
- Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
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9
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Invasive knotweed modifies predator–prey interactions in the soil food web. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Palmeri J, Kiviat E. Toxic effects of knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum s.l. rhizome on the mosses Atrichum angustatum and Thuidium delicatulum. LINDBERGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.25227/linbg.01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Palmeri
- J. Palmeri, Hudsonia, Annandale, NY, USA, and: New Paltz, NY, USA
| | - Erik Kiviat
- E. Kiviat ✉ , Hudsonia, PO Box 5000, Annandale, NY, USA
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11
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Ecological implications of the replacement of native plant species in riparian systems: unexpected effects of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. leaf litter. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Wilson MJ, Freundlich AE, Martine CT. Understory dominance and the new climax: Impacts of Japanese knotweed ( Fallopia japonica) invasion on native plant diversity and recruitment in a riparian woodland. Biodivers Data J 2018:e20577. [PMID: 29308042 PMCID: PMC5740475 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.5.e20577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Riparian forests exhibit levels of ecological disturbance that leave them especially prone to biological invasions. Japanese knotweed (Fallopiajaponica) is particularly suited to these habitats and is an aggressive invader along watercourses throughout its now-global range as an exotic invader. Using one of the few Silver Maple Floodplain Forest communities that has not been invaded by F.japonica in the West Branch Susquehanna River valley (Pennsylvania, USA) as a baseline, this study examines whether and how this primarily intact riparian forest community differs from nearby invaded communities in terms of 1) native species richness, 2) native species density, and 3) riparian forest tree recruitment. Defining a baseline (intact) community composition will inform restoration plans for local riparian forests where knotweed might be eradicated or reduced. Invaded and non-invaded sites differed statistically across species richness, species density, and tree recruitment. Our results suggest that F.japonica has reduced the diversity and abundance of native understory riparian plant species. The species also appears to have suppressed long-term tree recruitment, setting up a trajectory whereby the eventual decline of trees currently in the canopy could shift this community from a tree-dominated riparian forest to a knotweed-dominated herbaceous shrubland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wilson
- Friends of the Verde River, Cottonwood, AZ, United States of America
| | - Anna E Freundlich
- University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, United States of America
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13
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The impact of invasive knotweed species (Reynoutria spp.) on the environment: review and research perspectives. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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14
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Patočka J, Navrátilová Z, Ovando M. BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF KNOTWEED (Reynoutria spp.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2017.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Horáčková J, Juřičková L, Šizling AL, Jarošík V, Pyšek P. Invasiveness does not predict impact: response of native land snail communities to plant invasions in riparian habitats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108296. [PMID: 25238059 PMCID: PMC4169606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of plant invasions rarely address impacts on molluscs. By comparing pairs of invaded and corresponding uninvaded plots in 96 sites in floodplain forests, we examined effects of four invasive alien plants (Impatiens glandulifera, Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis, and F.×bohemica) in the Czech Republic on communities of land snails. The richness and abundance of living land snail species were recorded separately for all species, rare species listed on the national Red List, and small species with shell size below 5 mm. The significant impacts ranged from 16–48% reduction in snail species numbers, and 29–90% reduction in abundance. Small species were especially prone to reduction in species richness by all four invasive plant taxa. Rare snails were also negatively impacted by all plant invaders, both in terms of species richness or abundance. Overall, the impacts on snails were invader-specific, differing among plant taxa. The strong effect of I. glandulifera could be related to the post-invasion decrease in abundance of tall nitrophilous native plant species that are a nutrient-rich food source for snails in riparian habitats. Fallopia sachalinensis had the strongest negative impact of the three knotweeds, which reflects differences in their canopy structure, microhabitat humidity and litter decomposition. The ranking of Fallopia taxa according to the strength of impacts on snail communities differs from ranking by their invasiveness, known from previous studies. This indicates that invasiveness does not simply translate to impacts of invasion and needs to be borne in mind by conservation and management authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Horáčková
- Department of Ecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Lucie Juřičková
- Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Arnošt L. Šizling
- Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Jarošík
- Department of Ecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Department of Ecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
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16
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Parepa M, Fischer M, Krebs C, Bossdorf O. Hybridization increases invasive knotweed success. Evol Appl 2014; 7:413-20. [PMID: 24665343 PMCID: PMC3962301 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which rapid evolution can occur in exotic species. If hybrids show increased vigour, this could significantly contribute to invasion success. Here, we compared the success of the two invasive knotweeds, Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, and their hybrid, F. × bohemica, in competing against experimental communities of native plants. Using plant material from multiple clones of each taxon collected across a latitudinal gradient in Central Europe, we found that knotweed hybrids performed significantly better in competition with a native community and that they more strongly reduced the growth of the native plants. One of the parental species, F. sachalinensis, regenerated significantly less well from rhizomes, and this difference disappeared if activated carbon was added to the substrate, which suggests allelopathic inhibition of F. sachalinensis regeneration by native plants. We found substantial within-taxon variation in competitive success in all knotweed taxa, but variation was generally greatest in the hybrid. Interestingly, there was also significant variation within the genetically uniform F. japonica, possibly reflecting epigenetic differences. Our study shows that invasive knotweed hybrids are indeed more competitive than their parents and that hybridization increased the invasiveness of the exotic knotweed complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalin Parepa
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland ; Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Bossdorf
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland ; Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
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Mincheva T, Barni E, Varese G, Brusa G, Cerabolini B, Siniscalco C. Litter quality, decomposition rates and saprotrophic mycoflora in Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene and in adjacent native grassland vegetation. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Novoa A, González L, Moravcová L, Pyšek P. Effects of soil characteristics, allelopathy and frugivory on establishment of the invasive plant Carpobrotus edulis and a co-occurring native, Malcolmia littorea. PLoS One 2012; 7:e53166. [PMID: 23300885 PMCID: PMC3532479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The species Carpobrotus edulis, native to South Africa, is one of the major plant invaders of Mediterranean coastal ecosystems around the world. Invasion by C. edulis exerts a great impact on coastal habitats. The low number of native species in invaded communities points to the possible existence of mechanisms suppressing their germination. In this study we assessed whether soil factors, endozoochory, competition and allelopathic effects of the invader affect its own early establishment and that of the native species Malcolmia littorea. We used laboratory solutions representing different chemical composition and moisture of the soil, herbivore feeding assays to simulate seed scarification and rainwater solutions to account for the effect of differently aged C. edulis litter. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We show that unlike that of the native species, germination and early growth of C. edulis was not constrained by low moisture. The establishment of C. edulis, in terms of germination and early growth, was increased by scarification of seeds following passage through the European rabbit intestines; the rabbits therefore may have potential implications for plant establishment. There was no competition between C. edulis and M. littorea. The litter of the invasive C. edulis, which remains on the soil surface for several years, releases allelopathic substances that suppress the native plant germination process and early root growth. CONCLUSIONS The invasive species exhibits features that likely make it a better colonizer of sand dunes than the co-occurring native species. Allelopathic effects, ability to establish in drier microsites and efficient scarification by rabbits are among the mechanisms allowing C. edulis to invade. The results help to explain the failure of removal projects that have been carried out in order to restore dunes invaded by C. edulis, and the long-lasting effects of C. edulis litter need to be taken into account in future restoration projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Novoa
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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Parepa M, Schaffner U, Bossdorf O. Sources and modes of action of invasive knotweed allelopathy: the effects of leaf litter and trained soil on the germination and growth of native plants. NEOBIOTA 2012. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.13.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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te Beest M, Le Roux JJ, Richardson DM, Brysting AK, Suda J, Kubesová M, Pysek P. The more the better? The role of polyploidy in facilitating plant invasions. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2012; 109:19-45. [PMID: 22040744 PMCID: PMC3241594 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcr277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological invasions are a major ecological and socio-economic problem in many parts of the world. Despite an explosion of research in recent decades, much remains to be understood about why some species become invasive whereas others do not. Recently, polyploidy (whole genome duplication) has been proposed as an important determinant of invasiveness in plants. Genome duplication has played a major role in plant evolution and can drastically alter a plant's genetic make-up, morphology, physiology and ecology within only one or a few generations. This may allow some polyploids to succeed in strongly fluctuating environments and/or effectively colonize new habitats and, thus, increase their potential to be invasive. SCOPE We synthesize current knowledge on the importance of polyploidy for the invasion (i.e. spread) of introduced plants. We first aim to elucidate general mechanisms that are involved in the success of polyploid plants and translate this to that of plant invaders. Secondly, we provide an overview of ploidal levels in selected invasive alien plants and explain how ploidy might have contributed to their success. CONCLUSIONS Polyploidy can be an important factor in species invasion success through a combination of (1) 'pre-adaptation', whereby polyploid lineages are predisposed to conditions in the new range and, therefore, have higher survival rates and fitness in the earliest establishment phase; and (2) the possibility for subsequent adaptation due to a larger genetic diversity that may assist the 'evolution of invasiveness'. Alternatively, polyploidization may play an important role by (3) restoring sexual reproduction following hybridization or, conversely, (4) asexual reproduction in the absence of suitable mates. We, therefore, encourage invasion biologists to incorporate assessments of ploidy in their studies of invasive alien species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska te Beest
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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Kühn I, Kowarik I, Kollmann J, Starfinger U, Bacher S, Blackburn T, Bustamante R, Celesti-Grapow L, Chytrý M, Colautti R, Essl F, Foxcroft L, Gollasch S, García-Berthou E, Hierro J, Hufbauer R, Hulme P, Jarošik V, Jeschke J, Karrer G, Mack R, Molofsky J, Murray B, Nentwig W, Osborne B, Pyšek P, Rabitsch W, Rejmanek M, Roques A, Shaw R, Sol D, van Kleunen M, Vilà M, von der Lippe M, Wolfe L, Penev L. Open minded and open access: introducing NeoBiota, a new peer-reviewed journal of biological invasions. NEOBIOTA 2011. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.9.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kühn I, Kowarik I, Kollmann J, Starfinger U, Bacher S, Blackburn T, Bustamante R, Celesti-Grapow L, Chytrý M, Colautti R, Essl F, Foxcroft L, Gollasch S, García-Berthou E, Hierro J, Hufbauer R, Hulme P, Jarošik V, Jeschke J, Karrer G, Mack R, Molofsky J, Murray B, Nentwig W, Osborne B, Pyšek P, Rabitsch W, Rejmanek M, Roques A, Shaw R, Sol D, van Kleunen M, Vilà M, von der Lippe M, Wolfe L, Penev L. Open minded and open access: introducing NeoBiota, a new peer-reviewed journal of biological invasions. NEOBIOTA 2011. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.9.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Editorial presents the focus, scope, policies, and the inaugural issue of NeoBiota, a new open access peer-reviewed journal of biological invasions. The new journal NeoBiota is a continuation of the former NEOBIOTA publication series. The journal will deal with all aspects of invasion biology and impose no restrictions on manuscript size neither on use of color. NeoBiota implies an XML-based editorial workflow and several cutting-edge innovations in publishing and dissemination, such as semantic markup of and enhancements to published texts, data publication, and extensive cross-linking within the journal and to external sources.
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