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Huang Y, Ma S, Xu JY, Qian K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Tan M, Xiao T. Prognostic biomarker discovery based on proteome landscape of Chinese lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38182978 PMCID: PMC10768252 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent innovations in imaging and genomic screening promotes advance in diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), there remains high mortality of LUAD and insufficient understanding of LUAD biology. Our previous study performed an integrative multi-omic analysis of LUAD, filling the gap between genomic alterations and their biological proteome effects. However, more detailed molecular characterization and biomarker resources at proteome level still need to be uncovered. In this study, a quantitative proteomic experiment of patient-derived benign lung disease samples was carried out. After that, we integrated the proteomic data with previous dataset of 103 paired LUAD samples. We depicted the proteomic differences between non-cancerous and tumor samples and among diverse pathological subtypes. We also found that up-regulated mitophagy was a significant characteristic of early-stage LUAD. Additionally, our integrative analysis filtered out 75 potential prognostic biomarkers and validated two of them in an independent LUAD serum cohort. This study provided insights for improved understanding proteome abnormalities of LUAD and the novel prognostic biomarker discovery offered an opportunity for LUAD precise management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun-Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, 528400, China.
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, 528400, China.
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase is associated with disease activity and declines in response to infliximab treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 133:886-891. [PMID: 32187052 PMCID: PMC7176457 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, can cause cartilage and bone damage as well as disability. The aim of this study was to explore whether serum glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) is correlated with disease activity and the value of GPI in the evaluation of infliximab treatment in patients with RA. Methods Sixty-two patients with RA who had an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX) were enrolled in Peking University People's Hospital from July 1, 2016 to July 31, 2018. Infliximab (3 mg/kg, intravenous at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and then every 8 weeks) was administered to patients with stable background MTX therapy. Serum samples were obtained at baseline and week 18. Serum GPI levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The associations between serum GPI levels and clinical features were analyzed. Results Serum GPI was positively correlated with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28), swollen joint count, tender joint count and C-reactive protein level (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.033, respectively). The change of DAS28 in GPI-positive patients was greater than that in GPI-negative patients (P < 0.001). Compared with those for patients receiving MTX monotherapy at baseline, the GPI levels were significantly declined when MTX was combined with infliximab (P < 0.001). Conclusion Serum GPI is related to disease activity and clinical response to infliximab treatment.
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Matsumoto I, Kurata I, Ohyama A, Kawaguchi H, Ebe H, Osada A, Kondo Y, Tsuboi H, Sumida T. Revisit of autoimmunity to glucose-6-phosphate isomerase in experimental and rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2019; 30:232-238. [PMID: 31441345 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2019.1659539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by synovial inflammation in multiple joints. Autoantibodies (Abs) are the hallmark of RA, and as disease-specific and diagnostic markers, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) are produced pre-clinically, but their pathogenic roles in RA remain elusive. In this review, we focus on one of the candidate autoantigens in RA; glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI). The arthritogenic role of GPI has been confirmed in two different mouse models: the K/BxN- and GPI-induced arthritis models. Both anti-GPI Abs and citrullinated-GPI peptide Abs have been detected in human RA. Studies conducted in these rodent models have confirmed that the pathogenesis of arthritis involves the localization of autoantigens not only in the joints but also in the circulation. In this review, we revisit and summarize the arthritogenic relevance of GPI in animal RA models and in human RA, and extend the discussion to joint-specific inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Matsumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Izumi Kurata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ayako Ohyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hoshimi Kawaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ebe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Atsumu Osada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuya Kondo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Tsuboi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Ma YT, Xing XF, Dong B, Cheng XJ, Guo T, Du H, Wen XZ, Ji JF. Higher autocrine motility factor/glucose-6-phosphate isomerase expression is associated with tumorigenesis and poorer prognosis in gastric cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4969-4980. [PMID: 30464597 PMCID: PMC6208529 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s177441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) is a glycolytic-related enzyme that inter-converts glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate in the cytoplasm. This protein is also secreted into the extracellular matrix by cancer cells and is, therefore, also called autocrine motility factor (AMF). Methods To clarify the roles of AMF/GPI in gastric cancer (GC), we collected 335 GC tissues and the corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues, performed immunohistochemical studies, and analyzed the relationship between AMF/GPI expression and the patients’ clinicopathologic features. Results AMF/GPI expression was found to be significantly higher in the GC group than in the corresponding noncancerous tissue group (P<0.001). Additionally, AMF/GPI expression positively associated with a higher TNM stage and poorer prognosis in patients. Through Kaplan–Meier analysis and according to the Oncomine database, we found that AMF/GPI was overexpressed in GC tissues compared to normal mucosa, and the patients with higher AMF/GPI expression had poorer outcomes. We used AMF/GPI-silenced GC cell lines to observe how changes in AMP/GPI affect cellular phenotypes. AMF/GPI knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis, and induced apoptosis in GC cells. Conclusion These findings suggest that AMF/GPI overexpression is involved in carcinogenesis and promotes the aggressive phenotypes of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Teng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, , .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China,
| | - Xiao-Fang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, ,
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, ,
| | - Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, ,
| | - Hong Du
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, ,
| | - Xian-Zi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, ,
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China, , .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China,
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Nättinen J, Jylhä A, Aapola U, Enríquez-de-Salamanca A, Pinto-Fraga J, López-Miguel A, González-García MJ, Stern ME, Calonge M, Zhou L, Nykter M, Uusitalo H, Beuerman R. Topical fluorometholone treatment and desiccating stress change inflammatory protein expression in tears. Ocul Surf 2018; 16:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Devillers M, Ahmad L, Korri-Youssoufi H, Salmon L. Carbohydrate-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of a cancer biomarker in human plasma. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 96:178-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mu F, Wu H, Wang Y. A Retrospective Study: The Significance of Combined Testing of Serum Markers for Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2017; 23:295-303. [PMID: 28855496 PMCID: PMC5590543 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.904563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There have been few studies on the value of various antibody combinations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis, and a lack of studies with large sample sizes, especially in the Chinese population. This study retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic value of a combined assay of five auto-antibodies [anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), anti-keratin (AKA), anti-RA 33, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), and rheumatoid factor (RF)] for RA. Material/Methods Data were obtained from 5,725 patients with rheumatic diseases in Southwest Hospital of Chongqing from 2011 to 2014. Detection of the five serological markers was performed for all study patients using the appropriate method for each antibody. Results It was found that of the 5,725 patients, the positive rates for RF, anti-CCP, anti-RA 33, AKA, and GPI were 52.5%, 40.1%, 12.8%, 12.0%, and 50.0% respectively. In RA patients, the positive rates were 83.3%, 68.5%, 16.6%, 20.8%, and 77.9% respectively, which were all significantly higher than those detected in patients with the other diseases (p<0.01). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for RF, anti-CCP, anti-RA 33, AKA, and GPI were 0.857, 0.831, 0.528, 0.602, and 0.822 respectively, indicating that these five serological markers display favorable diagnostic value for RA. There were positive correlations between anti-CCP antibody and RF and GPI (p<0.01) and between RF and GPI (p<0.01), but no correlation between anti-RA 33 and AKA (p<0.01). The specificity of the combination of anti-CCP, AKA, and GPI was 100% for RA diagnosis. Conclusions The combined assay of serological markers significantly improved the diagnostic specificity for RA. The diagnostic value of RF for RA was the highest and the combined assay for anti-CCP, AKA, and GPI had the highest specificity for RA diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiang Mu
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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PGK1, a glucose metabolism enzyme, may play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:815-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Zong M, Lu T, Fan S, Zhang H, Gong R, Sun L, Fu Z, Fan L. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis in fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:100. [PMID: 25889507 PMCID: PMC4422595 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the role of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) in the proliferation of RA-FLS. Methods The distribution of GPI in synovial tissues from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. FLS were isolated and cultured, cellular GPI level was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis, and secreted GPI was detected by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, ADR) was used to induce apoptosis. Cell proliferation was determined by MTS assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Results GPI was abundant in RA-FLS and was an autocrine factor of FLS. The proliferation of both RA and OA FLS was increased after GPI overexpression, but was decreased after GPI knockdown. Meanwhile, exogenous GPI stimulated, while GPI antibody inhibited, FLS proliferation. GPI positively regulated its receptor glycoprotein 78 and promoted G1/S phase transition via extracellular regulated protein kinases activation and Cyclin D1 upregulation. GPI inhibited ADR-induced apoptosis accompanied by decreased Fas and increased Survivin in RA FLS. Furthermore, GPI increased the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β by FLS. Conclusions GPI plays a pathophysiologic role in RA by stimulating the proliferation, inhibiting the apoptosis, and increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion of FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianbao Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shasha Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruhan Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lishan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyan Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lieying Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tong Ji University, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai, 200120, People's Republic of China.
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Umeda N, Matsumoto I, Ito I, Kawasaki A, Tanaka Y, Inoue A, Tsuboi H, Suzuki T, Hayashi T, Ito S, Tsuchiya N, Sumida T. Anti-citrullinated glucose-6-phosphate isomerase peptide antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are associated with HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles and disease activity. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:44-53. [PMID: 23480184 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify and characterize anti-citrullinated glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) peptide antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nine GPI arginine-bearing peptides in human GPI protein were selected and cyclic citrullinated GPI peptides (CCG-1-9) were constructed. Samples were obtained from RA (n = 208), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 101), Sjögren's syndrome (SS; n = 101) and healthy controls (n = 174). Antibodies against CCG-1-9 were measured, and anti-citrullinated α-enolase-1 (CEP-1), -cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) and -GPI proteins antibodies were also examined. Patients with RA were genotyped for HLA-DRB1. The numbers of shared epitope (SE) alleles were counted and compared with those of the autoantibodies. Rabbit GPI was citrullinated with rabbit peptidylarginine deiminase and immunoblot analysis of RA sera performed. The levels of autoantibodies were compared before and after treatment with TNF antagonists in 58 RA patients. Anti-CCG-2, -4 and -7 antibodies were detected in 25·5, 33·2 and 37·0% patients with RA, respectively, and these antibodies were very specific for RA (specificity, 98·1-99·7%). Altogether, 44·2, 86·1 and 13·9% of RA sera were positive for anti-CEP-1, -CCP and -GPI protein antibodies, respectively. Anti-CCG-2, -4 and -7 antibodies were correlated with anti-CCP and anti-CEP-1 antibodies and with the presence of HLA-DRB1 SE alleles. Citrullinated GPI protein was detected using RA sera. Treatment with tumour necrosis factor antagonists reduced significantly the levels of anti-CCG-2 and -7 but not of anti-CEP-1 antibodies. This is the first report documenting the presence of anti-CCG antibodies in RA. Anti-CCG-2 and -7 antibodies could be considered as markers for the diagnosis of RA and its disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Umeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Rengaraj D, Lee SI, Yoo M, Kim TH, Song G, Han JY. Expression and knockdown analysis of glucose phosphate isomerase in chicken primordial germ cells. Biol Reprod 2012; 87:57. [PMID: 22699485 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is an important monosaccharide required to generate energy in all cells. After entry into cells, glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate and then transformed into glycogen or metabolized to produce energy. Glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. Without GPI activity or fructose-6-phosphate, many steps of glucose metabolism would not occur. The requirement for GPI activity for normal functioning of primordial germ cells (PGCs) needs to be identified. In this study, we first examined the expression of chicken GPI during early embryonic development and germ cell development. GPI expression was strongly and ubiquitously detected in chicken early embryos and embryonic tissues at Embryonic Day 6.5 (E6.5). Continuous GPI expression was detected in PGCs and germ cells of both sexes during gonadal development. Specifically, GPI expression was stronger in male germ cells than in female germ cells during embryonic development and the majority of post-hatching development. Then, we used siRNA-1499 to knock down GPI expression in PGCs. siRNA-1499 caused an 85% knockdown in GPI, and PGC proliferation was also affected 48 h after transfection. We further examined the knockdown effects on 28 genes related to the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and the endogenous glucose level in chicken PGCs. Among genes related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, 20 genes showed approximately 3-fold lower expression, 4 showed approximately 10-fold lower, and 2 showed approximately 100-fold lower expression in knockdown PGCs. The endogenous glucose level was significantly reduced in knockdown PGCs. We conclude that the GPI gene is crucial for maintaining glycolysis and supplying energy to developing PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Matsumoto I, Iwanami K, Tanaka Y, Inoue A, Tanaka Y, Umeda N, Sumida T. [Autoimmunity to glycolytic enzyme in rheumatoid arthritis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 34:456-63. [PMID: 22214806 DOI: 10.2177/jsci.34.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients has significantly improved with the recent use of biologics targeting TNFα, IL-6, and co-stimulatory molecule. In US and Europe, clear therapeutic benefit of anti-CD20 antibodies is also confirmed. As a disease specific marker, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibody are crucial in RA, although the pathology of them is not defined. Here we focus on glycolytic enzyme such as glucose-6-phospate isomerase, that is confirmed as arthritogenic in two different mouse models, and discuss about pathogenic relevance to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Matsumoto
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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