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Goldmann K, Spiliopoulou A, Iakovliev A, Plant D, Nair N, Cubuk C, McKeigue P, Barnes MR, Barton A, Pitzalis C, Lewis MJ. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis in rheumatoid arthritis identifies tissue specific variants associated with severity and outcome. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:288-299. [PMID: 37979960 PMCID: PMC10894812 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified more than 100 loci associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, our understanding of the functional effects of genetic variants in causing RA and their effects on disease severity and response to treatment remains limited. METHODS In this study, we conducted expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis to dissect the link between genetic variants and gene expression comparing the disease tissue against blood using RNA-Sequencing of synovial biopsies (n=85) and blood samples (n=51) from treatment-naïve patients with RA from the Pathobiology of Early Arthritis Cohort. RESULTS This identified 898 eQTL genes in synovium and genes loci in blood, with 232 genes in common to both synovium and blood, although notably many eQTL were tissue specific. Examining the HLA region, we uncovered a specific eQTL at HLA-DPB2 with the critical triad of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs3128921 driving synovial HLA-DPB2 expression, and both rs3128921 and HLA-DPB2 gene expression correlating with clinical severity and increasing probability of the lympho-myeloid pathotype. CONCLUSIONS This analysis highlights the need to explore functional consequences of genetic associations in disease tissue. HLA-DPB2 SNP rs3128921 could potentially be used to stratify patients to more aggressive treatment immediately at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katriona Goldmann
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Athina Spiliopoulou
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrii Iakovliev
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Darren Plant
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester, UK
| | - Nisha Nair
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester, UK
| | - Cankut Cubuk
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul McKeigue
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael R Barnes
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anne Barton
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Qasim S, Saleem M, Alotaibi NH, Bukhari SNA, Alharbi KS, Irfan HM, Anwar R. Appraisal of the Antiarthritic Potential of Prazosin via Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokine TNF-α: A Key Player in Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2379-2388. [PMID: 33521476 PMCID: PMC7841939 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Prazosin, a selective α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, with documented anti-inflammatory potential, was evaluated for its antiarthritic efficacy by targeting specifically TNF-α. The antiarthritic attribute of prazosin validated through in vitro screening comprised thermally provoked denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin along with membrane stabilization evaluation at a concentration of 100-6400 μg/mL, while in vivo screening comprised formaldehyde-instigated arthritis at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis at 20 mg/kg dose. Paw swelling, body weight, arthritic score, hematological parameters, and histological and radiographic examination of ankle joints were assessed for a period of 28 days after CFA immunization. Moreover, the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α level was also assessed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Prazosin revealed significant antiarthritic effect evident through protein denaturation inhibition in the egg albumin and the BSA model, stabilization of red blood cell membrane in the membrane stabilizing assay, and reduction in paw volume in formaldehyde-induced arthritis. Likewise, prazosin exhibited propitious antiarthritic effects in the CFA-provoked arthritis model manifested by paw volume and arthritic score alleviation, substantial weight loss prevention, and preservation of the normal hematological and biochemical profile. Histological and X-ray investigation unveiled no substantive structural alterations in treated rat's ankle joints. The TNF-α expression level was also reduced. Thus, the current study is suggestive that prazosin exhibits a strong antiarthritic potential possibly through inhibition of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Qasim
- College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
- College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha University Road, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Canal Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hafiz Muhammad Irfan
- College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha University Road, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rukhsana Anwar
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Canal Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Punjab, Pakistan
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Mo YQ, Yang ZH, Wang JW, Li QH, Du XY, Huizinga TW, Matthijssen XME, Shi GZ, Shen J, Dai L. The value of MRI examination on bilateral hands including proximal interphalangeal joints for disease assessment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:279. [PMID: 31829263 PMCID: PMC6907274 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bilateral hands including proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPJs) are recommended on physical, X-ray radiographic, or ultrasonographic examination by clinical guidelines of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but MRI still tends to examine unilateral wrists and/or MCPJs. We aimed to demonstrate the advantages of MRI examination on bilateral hands including PIPJs for disease assessment in early RA patients. Methods Active early RA patients received 3.0T whole-body MRI examination with contrast-enhanced imaging on bilateral wrists, MCPJs, and PIPJs. MRI features were scored referring to the updated RAMRIS. Clinical assessments were conducted on the day of MRI examination. Results The mean time of MRI examination was 24 ± 3 min. MRI bone erosion in MCPJs would be missed-diagnosed in 23% of patients if non-dominant MCPJs were scanned unilaterally, while osteitis in MCPJs would be missed-diagnosed in 16% of patients if dominant MCPJs were scanned unilaterally. MRI synovitis severity was also asymmetric: 21% of patients showing severe synovitis unilaterally in non-dominant MCPJs/PIPJs and other 20% showing severe synovitis unilaterally in dominant MCPJs/PIPJs. Among these early RA patients, MRI tenosynovitis occurred the most frequently in wrist extensor compartment I, while MRI examination on bilateral hands demonstrated no overuse influence present. However, overuse should be considered in dominant PIPJ2, PIPJ4, and IPJ of thumb of which MRI tenosynovitis prevalence was respectively 18%, 17%, or 16% higher than the non-dominant counterparts. Early MRI abnormality of nervus medianus secondary to severe tenosynovitis occurred either in dominant or non-dominant wrists; MRI of unilateral hands would take a risk of missed-diagnosis. Common MRI findings in PIPJs were synovitis and tenosynovitis, respectively in 87% and 69% of patients. MRI tenosynovitis prevalence in IPJ of thumb or PIPJ5 was much higher than the continued wrist flexor compartments. MRI synovitis or tenosynovitis in PIPJs independently increased more than twice probability of joint tenderness (OR = 2.09 or 2.83, both p < 0.001). Conclusions In consideration of asymmetric MRI features in early RA, potential overuse influence for certain tenosynovitis in dominant hands, and high prevalence of MRI findings in PIPJs, MRI examination on bilateral hands including PIPJs is deserved for disease assessment in early RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Mo
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hong Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Wei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Hua Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yun Du
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - T W Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - X M E Matthijssen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Guang-Zi Shi
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Li ZY, Zhou JJ, Luo CL, Zhang LM. Activation of TGR5 alleviates inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in mice with collagen II‑induced arthritis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4540-4550. [PMID: 31702035 PMCID: PMC6797944 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic inflammatory synovitis resulting in progressive joint destruction. Persistent synovial inflammation is induced by activation of various inflammatory cells. G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5) is a G-protein-coupled receptor activated by various bile acids, which has been reported to act as a key adaptor in regulating various signaling pathways involved in inflammatory responses and a diverse array of physiological processes, including bile acid synthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, carcinogenesis, immunity and inflammation. In the present study, TGR5 expression was detected in RA peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and its association with clinical disease activity, histological synovitis severity and radiological joint destruction was analyzed. Subsequently, the role and potential underlying mechanisms of TGR5 in the PBMCs of patients with RA and mice with collagen II-induced arthritis (CIA) were investigated. PBMCs were obtained from 50 patients with RA and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TGR5 were detected in PBMCs via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Additionally, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed by RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and IκB kinase a was determined via western blot analysis. The anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of LCA on mice with CIA were then investigated. The arthritis score was assessed, and the protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the plasma of mice were detected via ELISA. TGR5 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in the PBMCs of patients with RA compared with in those of the HCs (0.53±0.58 for patients vs. 1.49±0.83 for HCs; P<0.001); similar findings were observed at the protein level. The mRNA expression levels of TGR5 in the PBMCs of patients with RA with a high 28-Joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) were significantly decreased compared with in patients with a low DAS28 (0.81±0.65 for low score vs. 0.35±0.46 for high score; P=0.002). Furthermore, TGR5 expression was significantly correlated with the levels of C-reactive protein (r=−0.429; P=0.002) and the DAS28 (r=−0.383; P=0.006). RT-qPCR and ELISA analyses indicated that lithocholic acid (LCA, 10 mg/kg/day) attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production via inhibition of NF-κB activity in the PBMCs of patients with RA. In addition, the arthritis score was significantly decreased in LCA-treated CIA mice compared with in non-treated CIA mice. The increased production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 was significantly reduced in the plasma of LCA-treated CIA mice compared with the control. In conclusion, TGR5 may contribute to the inflammation of PBMCs in patients with RA and mice with CIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310017, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lei Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 3150102, P.R. China
| | - Le-Meng Zhang
- Thoracic Medicine Department 1, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Sun Z, Wang W, Yu D, Mao Y. Differentially expressed genes between systemic sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Hereditas 2019; 156:17. [PMID: 31178673 PMCID: PMC6549285 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-019-0091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence is accumulating to characterise the key differences between systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are similar but distinct systemic autoimmune diseases. However, the differences at the genetic level are not yet clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify key differential genes between patients with SSc and RA. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SSc and RA biopsies. The DEGs were then functionally annotated using Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways with the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tools. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with Cytoscape software. The Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin was also used to evaluate the biological importance of the constructed gene modules. Results A total of 13,556 DEGs were identified between the five SSc patients and seven RA patients, including 13,465 up-regulated genes and 91 down-regulated genes. Interestingly, the most significantly enriched GO terms of up- and down-regulated genes were related to extracellular involvement and immune activity, respectively, and the top six highly enriched KEGG pathways were related to the same processes. In the PPI network, the top 10 hub nodes and top four modules harboured the most relevant genes contributing to the differences between SSc and RA, including key genes such as IL6, EGF, JUN, FGF2, BMP2, FOS, BMP4, LRRK2, CTNNB1, EP300, CD79, and CXCL13. Conclusions These genes such as IL6, EGF, JUN, FGF2, BMP2, FOS, BMP4, LRRK2, CTNNB1, EP300, CD79, and CXCL13 can serve as new targets for focused research on the distinct molecular pathogenesis of SSc and RA. Furthermore, these genes could serve as potential biomarkers for differential diagnoses or therapeutic targets for treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41065-019-0091-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Sun
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Degang Yu
- 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Huang Y, Zheng S, Wang R, Tang C, Zhu J, Li J. CCL5 and related genes might be the potential diagnostic biomarkers for the therapeutic strategies of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2629-2635. [PMID: 31011897 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disease of rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify gene signatures in RA and uncover their potential mechanisms. METHOD Gene expression profiles of GSE1919, GSE55235, GSE55457, and GSE77928 were downloaded from GEO database. The above four series contained 76 samples, including 44 RA patients and 32 normal controls. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was constructed by Cytoscape software. RESULTS Up-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes, including immune response, positive regulation of immune system process and regulation of immune system process, while down-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes, including response to oxygen-containing compound, cellular lipid metabolic process, and lipid metabolic process. KEGG pathway analysis showed the up-regulated DEGs were enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and primary immunodeficiency. The 104 hub genes, which were significantly differently expressed between patients and normal controls in at least two datasets, were identified from the PPI network, and subnetworks revealed that these genes were involved in significant pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and primary immunodeficiency. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that the identified DEGs and hub genes promote our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the development of RA, such as C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5), might have a negative impact in the development of RA. CCL5 and its related genes might be the potential diagnostic biomarkers for the therapeutic strategies of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinger Huang
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Songyuan Zheng
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran Wang
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiping Tang
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Junqing Zhu
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Li
- The Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- The Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Mo YQ, Zhang YN, Jing J, Ma JD, Chen YL, Wu CY, Dai L. A Novel Hypothesis on Excessive Activation of Residual B Lymphocytes in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Concurrent with Aseptic, Erosive Polyarthritis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4952-4960. [PMID: 30011399 PMCID: PMC6067681 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to report aseptic, erosive polyarthritis in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), which is quite different from the vastly more common nonerosive form. Material/Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient were isolated. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion and function of lymphocytes. A Parker-Pearson needle biopsy was performed on the right knee. Four of her unaffected family members were enrolled as controls. Results A 21-year-old woman was admitted for recurrent polyarthritis of 3-year duration. The right knee, hip, wrist, proximal interphalangeal joints, and left elbow were involved, with progressive joint destruction. She was diagnosed as having CVID based on her recurrent infections, poor response to vaccines, and marked hypogammaglobulinemia. No bacterium or mycobacterium was detected in synovium or synovial fluid. The synovium was infiltrated by lymphocytes rather than neutrophils. Polyarthritis did not resolve by adequate intravenous immunoglobulin substitution and empirical antibiotic treatment, but resolved gradually after treatment with methylprednisolone and tacrolimus, supporting the diagnosis of aseptic polyarthritis. Further analyses showed that although only 0.5% of residual B lymphocytes were existent in peripheral blood of the patient, expressions of activation marker CD69 and production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were high. Marked infiltration with CD19+B lymphocytes (as well as CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes) was detected in the synovium. The proportion of IL21+CD4+Th cells from peripheral blood of the patient was high. CD4+ Th cells from the patient secreted nearly 3 times more IL-21 than the same cell type analyzed from unaffected family members, perhaps due to excessive compensation to assist the function of residual B lymphocytes. Conclusions A novel hypothesis in CVID concurrent with aseptic, erosive polyarthritis is that excessive activation of residual B lymphocytes infiltrate into the synovium of the involved joints and lead to polyarthritis and joint destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Mo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yan-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Division of Kidney Transplantation, Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Jing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jian-Da Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Lan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Chang-You Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Lie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Mo YQ, Yang ZH, He HN, Ma JD, Liang JJ, Zeng WK, Shi GZ, Shen J, Dai L. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bilateral Hands Is More Optimal Than MRI of Unilateral Hands for Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Rheumatol 2018; 45:895-904. [PMID: 29717034 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the advantages of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of bilateral hands in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Consecutive patients with active RA were recruited for clinical assessments, radiographs, and MRI of bilateral hands. Bilateral hands were scanned simultaneously on 3.0 T whole-body MRI system and were scored on synovitis, osteitis, and bone erosion according to the RA MRI scoring (RAMRIS) system. RESULTS Among 120 patients included, wrist bones and metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) 2 proximal showed bone erosion in early RA. The second to fifth metacarpal bases and the second to fourth MCPJ distal showed more bone erosion in mid-stage or late-stage RA. When MRI of dominant unilateral hand was analyzed, MRI synovitis and osteitis in 5% of wrists and 3 MRI features in 5-14% of MCPJ were misdiagnosed (McNemar test, all p < 0.05). There were 46% wrist synovitis, 29-52% MCPJ2-5 synovitis, 45% wrist osteitis, and 20%-34% MCPJ2-5 osteitis not detected by joint tenderness and/or swelling. When the clinically more severe hand was selected for MRI of unilateral hand according to physical examination, MRI synovitis in 5% of wrists and 3 MRI features in 7-15% of MCPJ were misdiagnosed (all p < 0.05). Scatter plots and linear regression analyses were used to illustrate RAMRIS between dominant or selected hand (Y values) and nondominant or nonselected hand (X values). All linear models were markedly different from a Y = X linear model, indicating the dominant or clinically more severe hand could not represent the contralateral hand to evaluate RAMRIS. CONCLUSION MRI of bilateral hands is more optimal than MRI of the unilateral hand in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Mo
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Ze-Hong Yang
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Hai-Ning He
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Jian-Da Ma
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Jin-Jian Liang
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Wei-Ke Zeng
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Guang-Zi Shi
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Jun Shen
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work
| | - Lie Dai
- From the Departments of Rheumatology and Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Y.Q. Mo, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Z.H. Yang, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; H.N. He, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.D. Ma, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J.J. Liang, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; W.K. Zeng, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; G.Z. Shi, MD, Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; J. Shen, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; L. Dai, MD, PhD, Prof., Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Drs. Mo and Yang contributed equally to this work.
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9
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Implication of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitides. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:996-1004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Hu Y, Chen G. Pathogenic mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma in smokers and non-smokers determined by gene expression interrogation. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1350-1370. [PMID: 26622675 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor for lung cancer, which accounts for the highest number of cancer-related mortalities worldwide in men and women. Individuals with a history of smoking are 15-30 times more likely to develop lung cancer compared with those who do not smoke. However, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to lung tumorigenesis in smokers versus non-smokers remains incomplete. In order to investigate such mechanisms, the present study aimed to systemically interrogate microarray datasets from tumor biopsies and matching normal tissues from stage I and II lung adenocarcinoma patients who had never smoked or were current smokers. The gene expression analysis identified 422 (99 upregulated and 323 downregulated) and 534 (174 upregulated and 360 downregulated) differentially-expressed genes from the never-smokers and current smokers, respectively, and the two groups shared 277 genes that exhibited similar trends of alteration. These genes encode regulators that are involved in a variety of cellular functions, including collagen metabolism and homeostasis of caveolae plasma membranes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes characterization indicated that biological pathways, including extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and cell migration and proliferation, were all affected in the lung cancer patients regardless of the smoking status. However, smoking induced a unique gene expression pattern characterized by upregulation of cell cycle regulators (CDK1, CCNB1 and CDC20), as well as significantly affected biological networks, including p53 signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest novel mechanistic insights, and provide an improved understanding of the smoking-induced molecular alterations that contribute to the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Hu
- Department of Respiration, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Guohan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
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11
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Liu T, Lin X, Yu H. Identifying genes related with rheumatoid arthritis via system biology analysis. Gene 2015; 571:97-106. [PMID: 26117171 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease that mainly attacks synovial joints. However, the underlying systematic relationship among different genes and biological processes involved in the pathogenesis are still unclear. By analyzing and comparing the transcriptional profiles from RA, OA (osteoarthritis) patients as well as ND (normal donors) with bioinformatics methods, we tend to uncover the potential molecular networks and critical genes which play important roles in RA and OA development. Initially, hierarchical clustering was performed to classify the overall transcriptional profiles. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ND and RA and OA patients were identified. Furthermore, PPI networks were constructed, functional modules were extracted, and functional annotation was also applied. Our functional analysis identifies 22 biological processes and 2 KEGG pathways enriched in the commonly-regulated gene set. However, we found that number of set of genes differentially expressed genes only between RA and ND reaches up to 244, indicating this gene set may specifically accounts for processing to disease of RA. Additionally, 142 biological processes and 19 KEGG pathways are over-represented by these 244 genes. Meanwhile, although another 21 genes were differentially expressed only in OA and ND, no biological process nor pathway is over-represented by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, No. 661 Huanghe Er Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province 256603, China.
| | - Xinmei Lin
- Department of Joint Surgery, affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, No. 661 Huanghe Er Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province 256603, China.
| | - Hongjian Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics in Binzhou People Hospital, No. 515 Huanghe Qi Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province 256603, China.
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12
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Elevated serum IgG4 defines specific clinical phenotype of rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:635293. [PMID: 25548435 PMCID: PMC4273547 DOI: 10.1155/2014/635293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the correlation of serum IgG4 (sIgG4) with clinical manifestations or therapeutic response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Consecutive 136 RA patients were recruited and followed up at regular interval. SIgG4 was detected by immunonephelometry. Serial synovial tissue sections from 46 RA patients were stained immunohistochemically for IgG4. RESULTS Forty-six percent of 136 RA patients had elevated sIgG4. Patients with elevated sIgG4 had higher sIgG4/sIgG ratio, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor, and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies than those with normal sIgG4 (all P < 0.05). Among 45 patients who received methotrexate and leflunomide therapy, 50% (9/18) of patients with elevated sIgG4 and 85% (23/27) of patients with normal sIgG4 reached therapeutic target (disease activity score of 28 joints < 3.2) at 6-month visit (χ(2) = 6.508, P = 0.011). IgG4-positive plasma cell count correlated positively with sIgG4, total synovitis score, and CD3-, CD20-, and CD38-positive cell counts (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that elevated sIgG4 in RA is common and disproportional to total IgG and RA with elevated sIgG4 may be a specific clinical phenotype with higher disease activity, higher level of autoantibodies, and poor response to methotrexate and leflunomide therapy.
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13
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Serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 as a noninvasive biomarker of histological synovitis for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:179284. [PMID: 25147433 PMCID: PMC4132319 DOI: 10.1155/2014/179284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To explore the correlation between matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 3 and histological synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Serum MMP-3 of 62 patients with active RA was detected by ELISA. Serial synovial tissue sections from all RA patients, 13 osteoarthritis, and 10 orthopedic arthropathies patients were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically for MMP-3, CD3, CD20, CD38, CD68, and CD15. Results. The percentage of lining MMP3+ cells was significantly higher in RA patients especially with high grade synovitis and it was significantly correlated with Krenn's synovitis score (r = 0.574, P < 0.001) and sublining inflammatory cells. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that the association of the percentage of lining MMP3+ cells with activation of synovial stroma, sublining CD68+ macrophages, and CD15+ neutrophils was stronger than other histological indicators. The percentage of lining MMP3+ cells was significantly correlated with serum MMP-3 in RA (r = 0.656, P < 0.001). Serum MMP-3 was higher in RA patients with high grade synovitis than that of low grade synovitis and significantly correlated with synovitis score and activation of synovial stroma subscore (all P < 0.05). Conclusion. Serum MMP-3 may be an alternative noninvasive biomarker of histological synovitis and RA diagnosis.
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B cells in rheumatoid arthritis: from pathogenic players to disease biomarkers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:681678. [PMID: 24877127 PMCID: PMC4022166 DOI: 10.1155/2014/681678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic benefit of depleting B cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has refocused attention on B cells with increasing awareness on their role in autoimmunity and their function beyond autoantibody production. The rapid increase in our comprehension of B-cell pathobiology is progressively opening novel perspectives in the area of B cell-targeted therapies with the expectation to define more specific approaches able to preserve the homeostasis of the humoral response while disrupting the pathogenic components. In parallel, B-cell activity in RA is starting to be explored in its clinical value, in search of novel biomarkers embedded in the pathogenic process that could help classifying the disease and predicting its heterogeneous outcome beyond inflammation dynamics. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the multiple roles that B cells play in several aspects of RA. We also analyze their distribution and potential function in different anatomic compartments with specific reference to the main sites in which the disease may be sustained and exert its detrimental effects: the systemic circulation, synovium, bone marrow, and draining lymph nodes. We also highlight novel data encouraging further research in the field of biomarkers related to B cells and their regulatory factors.
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Moura RA, Canhão H, Polido-Pereira J, Rodrigues AM, Navalho M, Mourão AF, Resende C, Campanilho-Marques R, Madruga Dias J, da Silva JAP, Graca L, Fonseca JE. BAFF and TACI gene expression are increased in patients with untreated very early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:1293-302. [PMID: 23772083 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.121110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE B cells play important roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Given the beneficial effect of B cell depletion therapy in RA as well as the observed alterations in B cell subpopulations in this disease, we evaluated whether changes in the expression of genes related to B cell survival and activation were already present in patients with untreated very early RA (VERA; < 6 weeks of disease duration). METHODS The expression of a group of B cell-related activation and survival genes was quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with VERA by real-time PCR and compared with untreated early RA (< 1 year), established treated RA, and other untreated early arthritis conditions. Serum B cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS BAFF gene expression and serum levels were highest in patients with VERA. The expression of BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) increased with disease progression, while transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) was elevated since the first weeks of RA onset. Paired box 5 gene expression was also increased at all RA stages. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5 was elevated only in established RA. No differences were observed in B cell maturation antigen, activation-induced cytidine deaminase, B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein, and B cell lymphoma 2 expression. CONCLUSION Disturbances in the expression of B cell-related activation and survival genes, particularly BAFF and TACI, occur from the onset of RA and precede changes in BAFF-R. These alterations can lead to the development of autoreactive B cells from the first weeks of RA onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Moura
- Rheumatology Research Unit, and the Cellular Immunology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2013; 25:398-409. [DOI: 10.1097/bor.0b013e3283604218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bugatti S, Manzo A, Caporali R, Montecucco C. Inflammatory lesions in the bone marrow of rheumatoid arthritis patients: a morphological perspective. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:229. [PMID: 23270711 PMCID: PMC3674615 DOI: 10.1186/ar4115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The synovial tissue stands at the epicenter of joint pathology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As a primary target of the disease, studies on the synovium have provided invaluable insights into the mechanisms involved in disease pathogenesis. Recent work has, however, revealed the importance of a previously unseen anatomic compartment in direct contact with the joint space, namely the subchondral bone marrow. Bone marrow edema (BME) visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is clinically meaningful in both early and late RA as it associates with future development of bone erosions and poor functional outcomes. Although the histopathologic correlates of MRI-based BME in early RA remain obscure, studies in advanced disease are consistent in describing lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates within the subchondral marrow cavity of affected joints. In this review, we discuss the nature of bone marrow lesions in patients with RA, analyze their relationship with synovitis, and explore their potential contribution to the pathological processes of the disease.
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Scheinberg M, Filippi RZ, Hands R, Pitzalis C. Failure to control progression of rheumatoid arthritis after a decade of biologic therapy. J Rheumatol 2012; 39:2049-2050. [PMID: 23028032 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.120385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Bugatti S, Manzo A, Caporali R, Montecucco C. Assessment of synovitis to predict bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2012; 4:235-44. [PMID: 22859922 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x12453092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is traditionally considered as the prototype of destructive arthritis, the course of the disease varies considerably, with some patients experiencing more rapid progression of joint damage and disability than others. Given the increasing availability of treatment targets and options, timely recognition of individual's outcomes could allow therapeutic allocation according to personalized benefit-risk profiles. Research efforts are thus increasingly focused at discovering predictive markers that could identify patients with aggressive, rapidly progressive disease and poor prognosis. As joint destruction in RA is the result of the cumulative burden of inflammation, variables reflecting the severity of synovitis and its persistence over time might refine our ability to build early prognostic algorithms. The goal of this article is to review the clinical implications of the assessment of synovitis in relation to radiographic outcomes. Traditional and novel assessment tools will be discussed, including clinical measures, imaging techniques and tissue biomarkers. Achievements in the field of synovial tissue analysis and peripheral blood biomarkers of synovitis represent only the first steps of ongoing progress, which still need to be integrated into the phenotypic heterogeneity of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Bugatti
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pavia School of Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Fondation, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Zhu LJ, Dai L, Zheng DH, Mo YQ, Ou-Yang X, Wei XN, Shen J, Zhang BY. Upregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 correlated with synovitis severity in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R133. [PMID: 22656185 PMCID: PMC3446516 DOI: 10.1186/ar3866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to joint destruction and disability. Focal bone erosion is due to excess bone resorption of osteoclasts. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is one of the critical mediators both in inflammatory signal pathway and differentiation and resorption activity of osteoclasts. Here we aimed to investigate TRAF6 expression in RA synovium and its correlation with histological synovitis severity and radiological joint destruction in RA. METHODS Synovitis score was determined in needle biopsied synovium from 44 patients with active RA. Synovium from nine patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and seven with orthopedic arthropathies (Orth.A) were enrolled as "less inflamed" disease controls. Serial sections were stained immunohistochemically for TRAF6 as well as CD68 (macrophage), CD3 (T cell), CD20 (B cell), CD38 (plasmocyte), CD79a (B lineage cells from pre-B cell to plasmocyte stage), and CD34 (endothelial cell). Double immunofluorescence staining of TRAF6 and CD68 were tested. Densities of positive staining cells were determined and correlated with histological disease activity (synovitis score) and radiographic joint destruction (Sharp score). RESULTS TRAF6 expression was found in the intimal and subintimal area of RA synovium, with intense staining found in the endochylema and nucleus of intimal synoviocytes and subintimal inflammatory cells. Double immunofluorescence staining showed TRAF6 was expressed in most of the intimal cells and obviously expressed in CD68+ cells and some other CD68- cells in subintimal area. Synovial TRAF6 was significantly over-expressed in the RA group compared with the OA and Orth.A group (2.53 ± 0.94 vs. 0.72 ± 0.44 and 0.71 ± 0.49, P < 0.0001). Synovial TRAF6 expression in RA correlated significantly with synovitis score (r = 0.412, P = 0.006), as well as the inflammatory cell infiltration (r = 0.367, P = 0.014). Significant correlation was detected between synovial TRAF6 expression and intimal CD68+ cells, as well as the cell density of subintimal CD68+ cells, CD3+ cells, CD20+ cells, CD38+ cells, and CD79a+ cells (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Elevated synovial TRAF6 expression correlated with synovitis severity and CD68+ cell density in RA. It is, therefore, hypothesized that synovial TRAF6 is involved in the pathogenesis of synovial inflammation and osteoclast differentiation in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Jing Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, P,R China
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