1
|
Kia P, Ruman U, Pratiwi AR, Hussein MZ. Innovative Therapeutic Approaches Based on Nanotechnology for the Treatment and Management of Tuberculosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1159-1191. [PMID: 36919095 PMCID: PMC10008450 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s364634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), derived from bacterium named Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has become one of the worst infectious and contagious illnesses in the world after HIV/AIDS. Long-term therapy, a high pill burden, lack of compliance, and strict management regimens are disadvantages which resulted in the extensively drug-resistant (XDR) along with multidrug-resistant (MDR) in the treatment of TB. One of the main thrust areas for the current scenario is the development of innovative intervention tools for early diagnosis and therapeutics towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). This review discusses various nanotherapeutic agents that have been developed for MTB diagnostics, anti-TB drugs and vaccine. Undoubtedly, the concept of employing nanoparticles (NPs) has strong potential in this therapy and offers impressive outcomes to conquer the disease. Nanocarriers with different types were designed for drug delivery applications via various administration methods. Controlling and maintaining the drug release might be an example of the benefits of utilizing a drug-loaded NP in TB therapy over conventional drug therapy. Furthermore, the drug-encapsulated NP is able to lessen dosage regimen and can resolve the problems of insufficient compliance. Over the past decade, NPs were developed in both diagnostic and therapeutic methods, while on the other hand, the therapeutic system has increased. These "theranostic" NPs were designed for nuclear imaging, optical imaging, ultrasound, imaging with magnetic resonance and the computed tomography, which includes both single-photon computed tomography and positron emission tomography. More specifically, the current manuscript focuses on the status of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches in the treatment of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Kia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Umme Ruman
- Nanomaterials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (NSCL), Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ariyati Retno Pratiwi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Nanomaterials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (NSCL), Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:278-284. [PMID: 32561408 PMCID: PMC7297158 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten leading causes of death worldwide. The causative agent of TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Acute tuberculous pneumonia (TP) is an acute form of pulmonary TB. However, acute TP and non-tuberculous community-acquired pneumonia can be easily confused, resulting in deterioration of TP due to delayed treatment. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute TP is crucial in order to stop the transmission of TB. Moreover, development of new diagnostic tools (technologies and approaches), and flexible application of different therapy schemes will help to reduce the incidence of TP and promote the goal of ending the TB epidemic.
Collapse
|
3
|
Urbanowski ME, Ordonez AA, Ruiz-Bedoya CA, Jain SK, Bishai WR. Cavitary tuberculosis: the gateway of disease transmission. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 20:e117-e128. [PMID: 32482293 PMCID: PMC7357333 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis continues to be a major threat to global health. Cavitation is a dangerous consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with poor outcomes, treatment relapse, higher transmission rates, and development of drug resistance. However, in the antibiotic era, cavities are often identified as the most extreme outcome of treatment failure and are one of the least-studied aspects of tuberculosis. We review the epidemiology, clinical features, and concurrent standards of care for individuals with cavitary tuberculosis. We also discuss developments in the understanding of tuberculosis cavities as dynamic physical and biochemical structures that interface the host response with a unique mycobacterial niche to drive tuberculosis-associated morbidity and transmission. Advances in preclinical models and non-invasive imaging can provide valuable insights into the drivers of cavitation. These insights will guide the development of specific pharmacological interventions to prevent cavitation and improve lung function for individuals with tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Urbanowski
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alvaro A. Ordonez
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camilo A. Ruiz-Bedoya
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanjay K. Jain
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William R. Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cavallazzi R, Maurici R, Ramirez JA. Tuberculosis is always a possibility (even in the intensive care unit). Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2016; 28:97-9. [PMID: 27410402 PMCID: PMC4943044 DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20160021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Cavallazzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine,
University of Louisville - Louisville (KY), USA
| | - Rosemeri Maurici
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade
Federal de Santa Catarina - Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Julio A. Ramirez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville
- Louisville (KY), USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hunter RL. Pathology of post primary tuberculosis of the lung: an illustrated critical review. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2011; 91:497-509. [PMID: 21733755 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post primary tuberculosis occurs in immunocompetent adults, is restricted to the lungs and accounts for 80% of all clinical cases and nearly 100% of transmission of infection. The supply of human tissues with post primary tuberculosis plummeted with the introduction of antibiotics decades before the flowering of research using molecular methods in animal models. Unfortunately, the paucity of human tissues prevented validation of the models. As a result, it is a paradigm of contemporary research that caseating granulomas are the characteristic lesion of all tuberculosis and that cavities form when they erode into bronchi. This differs from descriptions of the preantibiotic era when many investigators had access to thousands of cases. They reported that post primary tuberculosis begins as an exudative reaction: a tuberculous lipid pneumonia of foamy alveolar macrophages that undergoes caseation necrosis and fragmentation to produce cavities. Granulomas in post primary disease arise only in response to old caseous pneumonia and produce fibrosis, not cavities. We confirmed and extended these observations with study of 104 cases of untreated tuberculosis. In addition, studies of the lungs of infants and immunosuppressed adults revealed a second type of tuberculous pneumonia that seldom produces cavities. Since the concept that cavities arise from caseating granulomas was supported by studies of animals infected with Mycobacterium bovis, we investigated its pathology. We found that M. bovis does not produce post primary tuberculosis in any species. It only produces an aggressive primary tuberculosis that can develop small cavities by erosion of caseating granulomas. Consequently, a key unresolved question in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis is identification of the mechanisms by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis establish a localized safe haven in alveolar macrophages in an otherwise solidly immune host where it can develop conditions for formation of cavities and transmission to new hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Hunter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas, Houston Medical School, MSB 2.136, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Restrepo BI, Fisher-Hoch SP, Smith B, Jeon S, Rahbar MH, McCormick JB. Mycobacterial clearance from sputum is delayed during the first phase of treatment in patients with diabetes. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 79:541-4. [PMID: 18840741 PMCID: PMC3638903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although type 2 diabetes (DM) is a recognized risk factor for development of tuberculosis (TB), the impact on treatment is unclear. Among the few published reports, some suggest that mycobacterial clearance during treatment is delayed in TB patients with DM. Using survival analysis on data from 469 culture-positive TB patients retrospectively identified in south Texas, we found DM to be an independent risk factor for a 5-day delay in mycobacterial clearance within the first 60 days of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca I Restrepo
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Texas School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|