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Kessabi K, Abbassi A, Lahmar S, Casado M, Banni M, Piña B, Messaoudi I. Combined toxic effects of cadmium and environmental microplastics in Aphanius fasciatus (Pisces, Cyprinodontidae). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 189:106071. [PMID: 37390514 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in diameter, have received extensive attention as new environmental pollutants with still unexplored potential ecological risks. The main objective of the present study is to see if the concomitant exposure to MPs and Cd is more toxic than that to MPs or Cd separately in Aphanius fasciatus. Immature female were exposed to Cd and/or MPs for 21 days, and the subsequent effects were monitored by a combination of biochemical, histological and molecular toxicity markers. Exposure to Cd, but not to MPs, increased metallothioneins content and mRNA levels of the metallothioneins gene MTA both in liver and gills. In addition, we observed a significant oxidative stress response at histological, enzymatic (Catalase and Superoxide dismutase), non-enzymatic (proteins sulfhydryl and malondialdehyde) and gene expression levels to both toxicants in both tissues, particularly in gills, but no clear evidence for interaction between the two factors. Our results indicate a major effect of MPs on gills at different organizational levels. Finally, exposure to both MPs and Cd induced spinal deformities, although bone composition was only altered by the latter, whereas MTA mRNA bone levels were only increased realtive to controls in doubly-exposed samples. Interestingly, the simultaneous use of both pollutants produced the same effects as Cd and MPs alone, probably due to reduced bioavailability of this heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Kessabi
- LR11ES41: Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
| | - Amira Abbassi
- LR11ES41: Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Samar Lahmar
- LR11ES41: Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Marta Casado
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Benjamin Piña
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Nikolić D, Poleksić V, Skorić S, Tasić A, Stanojević S, Rašković B. The European Chub (Squalius cephalus) as an indicator of reservoirs pollution and human health risk assessment associated with its consumption. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119871. [PMID: 35940479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Five reservoirs (Vlasina, Medjuvršje, Zaovine, Perućac, and Garaši) in Serbia were chosen as study sites, which differ by their position, purpose, stages of eutrophication, management policies, and levels of anthropogenic pressure. The objectives of this research were to: determine the concentrations of 26 elements in muscle, gills, and liver of the European chub by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES); determine the concentrations of 17 organochlorine pesticides in fish muscle by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS); compare these findings with condition factor (CF) and histopathological (HP) biomarkers; and assess the potential human health risks due to consumption of chub muscle tissue. The highest elemental accumulation was found in the gills. The European chub was not a good indicator of Pb pollution between reservoirs. Concentrations of Hg, As, and Cu were low and did not exceed the proscribed maximum allowed concentrations (MACs). 4,4'-DDE was detected only in individuals from Vlasina, 4,4'-DDD from Perućac and Zaovine, and heptachlor from Zaovine. Low to moderate levels of HP were observed for both gills and liver in all studied reservoirs. HP index for gills was significantly higher for Zaovine compared to Vlasina. Significantly lower HP index for liver and the total HP index value were observed for fish from Vlasina compared to Perućac. No significant human health risks due to the intake of examined pollutants in each reservoir were recorded; women were at higher risk compared to men. A reason for concern is a few muscle samples from Garaši, Vlasina, Perućac, and Medjuvršje in which Cd exceeded the MAC. A reservoir for water supply (Garaši) is generally considered the safest for fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Poleksić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Skorić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Tasić
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Stanojević
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Božidar Rašković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Porto - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
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Shahid S, Sultana T, Sultana S, Hussain B, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Bashir F, Riaz MN, Mahboob S. Detecting Aquatic Pollution Using Histological Investigations of the Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Muscles of Oreochromis niloticus. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10100564. [PMID: 36287844 PMCID: PMC9607227 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the degree of changes in the histological architecture of the liver, gills, kidneys, and muscles of fish Oreochromis niloticus collected from different polluted river sites. Fish samples collected from the Faisalabad Fish Hatchery and upstream of Chakbandi drain acted as a control. Necrosis, hemorrhage, and epithelial hyperplasia were observed in the gills of fish inhabiting the river downstream of the Chakbandi drain entrance. Liver tissues were found to be affected by vacuolated cytoplasm, bile duct proliferation, melanomacrophages, and necrosis. In kidney tissues, shrinkage of the renal cortex, necrosis, and destructive renal tubules were observed. Histopathology of muscles indicates the presence of hypertrophy and swollen myofibers. In contrast, upstream specimens of fish exhibited mild tissue alterations. Histopathology of gills tissue showed vacuolization. Liver tissues indicated the presence of hypertrophy and more frequent Kupffer cells than usual. The vacuolation was also observed in kidney tissues. Muscle tissues expressed splitting of muscle fibres and degeneration in muscle bundles. However, sections of tissues collected from farmed fish have normal morphology and no anomalies. The histopathological assessment indicated various cellular, biochemical, and histological changes in response to the contamination in the vicinity of the fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Shahid
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Salma Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Abdullah Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Bashir
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Dane H, Şi Şman T. A morpho-histopathological study in the digestive tract of three fish species influenced with heavy metal pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125212. [PMID: 31677508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the digestive tract of three freshwater fish species (Capoeta capoeta, Alburnus mossulensis and Squalius cephalus) was examined using a morpo-histopathological technique. Sediment and fish samples were taken from selected four stations in the Karasu River (Erzurum, Turkey) between June and September in 2015-2016. In water and sediment samples, the concentrations of some metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr and Pb) were determined. Histopathological changes in digestive tract were determined by histopathological alterations index (HAI). Intestinal coefficient (IC) and condition factor (CF), which are general indicators of exposure to environmental stress, were calculated for each fish. The highest CF was observed at the least contaminated site of the gradient. C. capoeta showed the highest values of IC among species. The detected abnormalities were infiltration, swelling, gastric degenerations, vacuolization, congestion, epithelial degenerations, hyperplasia, fibrosis and fusion at polluted site fish. It was also observed that the HAI and IC values in fish varied significantly from site to site. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the river water and sediment may affect the health status of the fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Dane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Turgay Şi Şman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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