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Mora-Sandí A, Ramírez-González A, Castillo-Henríquez L, Lopretti-Correa M, Vega-Baudrit JR. Persea Americana Agro-Industrial Waste Biorefinery for Sustainable High-Value-Added Products. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1727. [PMID: 34070330 PMCID: PMC8197556 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant problems have arisen in recent years, such as global warming and hunger. These complications are related to the depletion and exploitation of natural resources, as well as environmental pollution. In this context, bioprocesses and biorefinery can be used to manage agro-industrial wastes for obtaining high-value-added products. A large number of by-products are composed of lignin and cellulose, having the potential to be exploited sustainably for chemical and biological conversion. The biorefinery of agro-industrial wastes has applications in many fields, such as pharmaceuticals, medicine, material engineering, and environmental remediation. A comprehensive approach has been developed toward the agro-industrial management of avocado (Persea americana) biomass waste, which can be transformed into high-value-added products to mitigate global warming, save non-renewable energy, and contribute to health and science. Therefore, this work presents a comprehensive review on avocado fruit waste biorefinery and its possible applications as biofuel, as drugs, as bioplastics, in the environmental field, and in emerging nanotechnological opportunities for economic and scientific growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Mora-Sandí
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
| | - Abigail Ramírez-González
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
| | - Luis Castillo-Henríquez
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Mary Lopretti-Correa
- Nuclear Research Center, Faculty of Science, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo 11300, Uruguay;
| | - José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica;
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Meramo
Hurtado SI, Puello P, Cabarcas A. Technical Evaluation of a Levulinic Acid Plant Based on Biomass Transformation under Techno-Economic and Exergy Analyses. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5627-5641. [PMID: 33681602 PMCID: PMC7931420 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) recently has attracted much attention as a promising biorefinery platform due to its potential to be economical and sustainable. This paper addresses technical, techno-economic, and exergetic analyses of an industrial LA production via acid-catalyzed dehydration. The process was simulated through Aspen Plus, considering a processing capacity of 15,175.60 kg/h of banana empty fruit bunches. The global productivity yield was 25.56%, producing 3883.13 kg/h of LA. The techno-economic analysis evidenced that this process may be an attractive alternative for biomass valorization, considering the obtained financial results. This process's total production cost was 0.178 $USD per kilogram of biomass and a total annualized cost of $USD 29,163,638.95. Exergy analysis revealed that this process had an irreversibility rate of 1.48 × 105 MJ/h. The pretreatment stage presented the lowest exergetic efficiency. Globally, the exergy efficiency was 53.76%, which is within the reported results for analogous biomass transformation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Isaac Meramo
Hurtado
- Samir
I. Meramo-Hurtado, Research Group on Information Technology, Modeling,
and Simulation (GITEMOS), Systems Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, 30th Street #39b-192, 130001 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Plinio Puello
- Plinio
Puello, Research Group on Information Technology, Modeling, and Simulation
(GITEMOS), Systems Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, 30th Street #39b-192, 130001 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Amaury Cabarcas
- Amaury
Cabarcas, Research Group in Communication Technologies and Informatics
(GIMATICA), Systems Engineering Program, University of Cartagena, 30th Street #39b-192, 130001 Cartagena, Colombia
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Meramo-Hurtado S, González-Delgado ÁD, Rehmann L, Quiñones-Bolaños E, Mehrvar M. Comparison of Biobutanol Production Pathways via Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation Using a Sustainability Exergy-Based Metric. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:18710-18730. [PMID: 32775873 PMCID: PMC7407575 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of sustainability aspects into the design of chemical processes has been increasing since the last century. Hence, there are several proposed methodologies and indicators to assess chemical facilities through process analysis techniques. A comprehensive assessment involving economic, environmental, safety, and exergy parameters of two alternatives for butanol production from Manihot esculenta Crantz (cassava waste) is presented in this study. The modeling of process topologies involved using Aspen Plus software. Topology 1 generated a product flow rate of 316,477 t/y of butanol, while this value was 367,037 t/y for topology 2. Both processes used a feed flow of 3,131,439 t/y of biomass. This study used seven technical indicators to evaluate both alternatives, which include the return of investment, discounted payback period, global warming potential, renewability material index, inherent safety index, exergy efficiency, and exergy of waste ratio. Otherwise, this study implemented an aggregate index to assess overall sustainability performance. The results revealed that topology 2 presented higher economic normalized scores for evaluated indicators, but the most crucial difference between these designs came from the safety and exergetic indexes. Topology 1 and topology 2 obtained weighted scores equaling to 0.48 and 0.53; therefore, this study found that the second alternative gives a more sustainable design for butanol production under evaluated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir
I. Meramo-Hurtado
- Bussines Management
and Productivity Research Group, Industrial Engineering Program, Fundación Universitaria Colombo International, Av. Pedro Heredia Sector Cuatro
Vientos #31-50, Cartagena 130000, Colombia
| | - Ángel D. González-Delgado
- Nanomaterials and
Computer-Aided Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, Piedra
de Bolívar. Street 30 # 48-152, Cartagena 130000, Colombia
| | - Lars Rehmann
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London N6A 5B9, Canada
| | | | - Mehrab Mehrvar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
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Chemical and Enzymatic Treatment of Hemp Biomass for Bioethanol Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9245348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study chemical and enzymatic treatment of hemp biomass were optimized to obtain maximum ethanol production. In the first stage, physical and chemical pretreatment of hemp biomass was carried out. It was found that the Tygra variety is susceptible to alkaline treatment at an optimum concentration of 2% NaOH. Next, the effect of NaOH on the value of reducing sugars and the chemical composition of the solid fraction before and after the treatment was determined. Hemp biomass before and after the chemical treatment was analysed by FTIR spectra and SEM. The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis, i.e., substrate content, temperature, time, pH and dose of enzyme by means of Response Surface Methodology on glucose content was determined. The highest glucose value was observed at 50 °C, in time process between 48 and 72 h, and the dose of enzyme was not less than 20 FPU·g−1. After the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis two processes of ethanol fermentation from hemp biomass, SHF and SSF, were carried out. In the SHF process a 40% higher concentration of ethanol was obtained (10.51 g/L). In conclusion, hemp biomass was found to be an interesting and promising source to be used for bioethanol production.
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Abstract
Fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation with the application of lignocellulosic biomass requires a multistep pre-treatment procedure, due to the complexed structure of the raw material. Hence, the comparison of the hydrogen productivity potential of different lignocellulosic materials (LCMs) in relation to the lignocellulosic biomass composition is often considered as an interesting field of research. In this study, several types of biomass, representing woods, cereals and grass were processed by means of mechanical pre-treatment and alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Hydrolysates were used in fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation process with Enterobacter aerogenes (model organism). The differences in the hydrogen productivity regarding different materials hydrolysates were analyzed using chemometric methods with respect to a wide dataset collected throughout this study. Hydrogen formation, as expected, was positively correlated with glucose concentration and total reducing sugars amount (YTRS) in enzymatic hydrolysates of LCMs, and negatively correlated with concentrations of enzymatic inhibitors i.e., HMF, furfural and total phenolic compounds in alkaline-hydrolysates LCMs, respectively. Interestingly, high hydrogen productivity was positively correlated with lignin content in raw LCMs and smaller mass loss of LCM after pre-treatment step. Besides results of chemometric analysis, the presented data analysis seems to confirm that the structure and chemical composition of lignin and hemicellulose present in the lignocellulosic material is more important to design the process of its bioconversion than the proportion between the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content in this material. For analyzed LCMs we found remarkable higher potential of hydrogen production via bioconversion process of woods i.e., beech (24.01 mL H2/g biomass), energetic poplar (23.41 mL H2/g biomass) or energetic willow (25.44 mL H2/g biomass) than for cereals i.e., triticale (17.82 mL H2/g biomass) and corn (14.37 mL H2/g biomass) or for meadow grass (7.22 mL H2/g biomass).
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Characterization and Identification of Cellulose-degrading Bacteria Isolated from a Microbial Fuel Cell Reactor. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Palakawong Na Ayutthaya P, Charoenrat T, Krusong W, Pornpukdeewattana S. Repeated cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC90 to tolerate inhibitors generated during cassava processing waste hydrolysis for bioethanol production. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:76. [PMID: 30800587 PMCID: PMC6370576 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Large amount of cassava pulp is produced as by-product of industrial tapioca production. The value-added process of this low-cost waste is to use it as a substrate for bioethanol production. However, during the pulp pretreatment by acidification combined with steam explosion, many yeast inhibitors including acetic acid, formic acid, levulinic acid, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural are generated and these compounds have negative effects on the subsequent fermentation step. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the repeated cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC90 could alleviate this problem. To obtain the inhibitor tolerable cells, the repeated culture was performed by growing yeast cells to a specific growth rate (µ) of 0.22 h-1 or higher (80% of the µ in control) and then transferring them to progressively higher concentrations of hydrolysate ranging from 20 to 100% (v/v). The results showed a tendency of longer lag phase as well as time to reach maximum cell number (t maxc) with an increase in hydrolysate concentration. However, the repeated culture at the same hydrolysate concentration could shorten both lag period and t maxc. Interestingly, the growth and fermentation efficiency of adapted cells in 100% hydrolysate were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than those of non-adapted cells by 38% and 27%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakathamon Palakawong Na Ayutthaya
- Division of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520 Thailand
| | - Theppanya Charoenrat
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Warawut Krusong
- Division of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520 Thailand
| | - Soisuda Pornpukdeewattana
- Division of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520 Thailand
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Wi SG, Cho EJ, Lee DS, Lee SJ, Lee YJ, Bae HJ. Lignocellulose conversion for biofuel: a new pretreatment greatly improves downstream biocatalytic hydrolysis of various lignocellulosic materials. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:228. [PMID: 26705422 PMCID: PMC4690250 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive renewable resource for future liquid transport fuel. Efficient and cost-effective production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass depends on the development of a suitable pretreatment system. The aim of this study is to investigate a new pretreatment method that is highly efficient and effective for downstream biocatalytic hydrolysis of various lignocellulosic biomass materials, which can accelerate bioethanol commercialization. RESULTS The optimal conditions for the hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) pretreatment were 80 °C, 2 h, and an equal volume mixture of H2O2 and CH3COOH. Compared to organo-solvent pretreatment under the same conditions, the HPAC pretreatment was more effective at increasing enzymatic digestibility. After HPAC treatment, the composition of the recovered solid was 74.0 % cellulose, 20.0 % hemicelluloses, and 0.9 % lignin. Notably, 97.2 % of the lignin was removed with HPAC pretreatment. Fermentation of the hydrolyzates by S. cerevisiae resulted in 412 mL ethanol kg(-1) of biomass after 24 h, which was equivalent to 85.0 % of the maximum theoretical yield (based on the amount of glucose in the raw material). CONCLUSION The newly developed HPAC pretreatment was highly effective for removing lignin from lignocellulosic cell walls, resulting in enhanced enzymatic accessibility of the substrate and more efficient cellulose hydrolysis. This pretreatment produced less amounts of fermentative inhibitory compounds. In addition, HPAC pretreatment enables year-round operations, maximizing utilization of lignocellulosic biomass from various plant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Gon Wi
- />Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- />Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seok Lee
- />Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- />Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- />Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- />Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
- />Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 Republic of Korea
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