1
|
Blumfield M, Abbott K, Duve E, Cassettari T, Marshall S, Fayet-Moore F. Examining the health effects and bioactive components in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms: a scoping review. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108453. [PMID: 32653808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence from both in vitro and animal models that the consumption of edible mushrooms has beneficial effects on health. It is unclear whether similar effects exist in humans and which bioactive compounds are present. This review synthesises the evidence on the world's most commonly consumed mushroom, Agaricus bisporus to (i) examine its effect on human health outcomes; and (ii) determine the nutrient density of its bioactive compounds, which may explain their health effects. A systematic literature search was conducted on the consumption of A. bisporus, without date and study design limits. Bioactive compounds included ergosterol, ergothioneine, flavonoids, glucans and chitin. Two authors independently identified studies for inclusion and assessed methodological quality. Beneficial effects of A. bisporus on metabolic syndrome, immune function, gastrointestinal health and cancer, with the strongest evidence for the improvement in Vitamin D status in humans, were found. Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposed mushrooms may increase and maintain serum 25(OH)D levels to a similar degree as vitamin D supplements. A. bisporus contain beta-glucans, ergosterol, ergothioneine, vitamin D and an antioxidant compound usually reported as flavonoids; with varying concentrations depending on the type of mushroom, cooking method and duration, and UVB exposure. Further research is required to fully elucidate the bioactive compounds in mushrooms using vigorous analytical methods and expand the immunological markers being tested. To enable findings to be adopted into clinical practice and public health initiatives, replication of existing studies in different population groups is required to confirm the impact of A. bisporus on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Blumfield
- BNutrDiet (Hons), PhD, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie Abbott
- BNutrDiet (Hons), PhD, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Emily Duve
- BPESS, MPH, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim Cassettari
- BSc(Hons), BAppSc, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Skye Marshall
- BNutrDiet (Hons), PhD, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Bond University, Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Flavia Fayet-Moore
- BSc(Hons), MNutrDiet, PhD, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parathodi Illam S, Hussain A, Elizabeth A, Narayanankutty A, Raghavamenon AC. Natural combination of phenolic glycosides from fruits resists pro-oxidant insults to colon cells and enhances intrinsic antioxidant status in mice. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:703-711. [PMID: 31372348 PMCID: PMC6661281 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A combination of fresh fruits adequately supplying required nutrients is likely to have better health benefits by virtue of the synergistic/additive effect of its natural constituents. With this view and aiming to obtain phenolic glycosides in combination, fresh apple, grape, orange, pomegranate, and sapota fruit juices were combined and lyophilized. An aqueous extract of this fruit combination (AEFC) had polyphenols as a major constituent (47.36 μg GAE/mL) and LC–MS analysis documented the presence of cyanidin and pallidol 3-O-glucosides, phloridzin, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-pentoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, trans-caffeic acid. Corroborating this, AEFC exhibited significant DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging activities (IC50values 43.63 and 49.01 μg/mL) and protected colon epithelial cells (HCT-15) against H2O2 and AAPH induced cell death by 40 and 72.62% and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) induced GSH depletion by 52.43%. In normal Swiss albino mice, administration of AEFC for over 30 days improved hepatic and renal GPx, SOD, and catalase activities and GSH levels. The study thus suggests the combinatorial effects of natural phenolic glycosides from fruits in resisting oxidative insults and associated disease pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashif Hussain
- Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, 680 555 Kerala, India
| | - Anu Elizabeth
- Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, 680 555 Kerala, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|