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Pandey N, Vaishnav R, Rajavat AS, Singh AN, Kumar S, Tripathi RM, Kumar M, Shrivastava N. Exploring the potential of Bacillus for crop productivity and sustainable solution for combating rice false smut disease. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1405090. [PMID: 38863756 PMCID: PMC11165134 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice false smut, which is caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens (U. virens), is one of the most threatening diseases in most of the rice-growing countries including India that causes 0.5-75% yield loss, low seed germination, and a reduction in seed quality. The assessment of yield loss helps to understand the relevance of disease severity and facilitates the implementation of appropriate management strategies. This study aimed to mitigate biotic stress in rice by employing a rhizobacterial-based bioformulation, which possesses diverse capabilities as both a plant growth promoter and a biocontrol agent against U. virens. Rhizobacteria were isolated from the soil of the rice rhizospheres from the healthy plant of the false smut affected zone. Furthermore, they were identified as Bacillus strains: B. subtilis (BR_4), B. licheniformis (BU_7), B. licheniformis (BU_8), and B. vallismortis (KU_7) via sequencing. Isolates were screened for their biocontrol potential against U. virens under in vitro conditions. The antagonistic study revealed that B. vallismortis (KU_7) inhibited U. virens the most (44.6%), followed by B. subtilis BR_4 (41.4%), B. licheniformis BU_7 (39.8%), and B. licheniformis BU_8 (43.5%). Various biochemical and plant growth promoting attributes, such as phosphate and Zn solubilization, IAA, ammonium, siderophore, and chitinase production, were also investigated for all the selected isolates. Furthermore, the potential of the isolates was tested in both in vitro and field conditions by employing talc-based bioformulation through bio-priming and root treatment. The application of bioformulation revealed a 20% decrease in disease incidence in plants treated with B. vallismortis (KU_7), a 60.5% increase in the biological yield, and a 45% increase in the grain yield. This eco-friendly approach not only controlled the disease but also improved the grain quality and reduced the chaffiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Pandey
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Vaishnav
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Singh Rajavat
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Nath Singh
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Mani Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madan Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Garhkhatanga, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Neeraj Shrivastava
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Eswaran SUD, Sundaram L, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Sayyed RZ. Osmolyte-producing microbial biostimulants regulate the growth of Arachis hypogaea L. under drought stress. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:165. [PMID: 38745279 PMCID: PMC11094965 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, drought stress poses a significant threat to crop productivity. Improving the drought tolerance of crops with microbial biostimulants is a sustainable strategy to meet a growing population's demands. This research aimed to elucidate microbial biostimulants' (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) role in alleviating drought stress in oil-seed crops. In total, 15 bacterial isolates were selected for drought tolerance and screened for plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes like phosphate solubilization and production of indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and exopolysaccharide. This research describes two PGPR strains: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus AC06 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BA01. The present study demonstrated that these strains (AC06 and BA01) produced abundant osmolytes under osmotic stress, including proline (2.21 and 1.75 µg ml- 1), salicylic acid (18.59 and 14.21 µg ml- 1), trehalose (28.35 and 22.74 µg mg- 1 FW) and glycine betaine (11.35 and 7.74 mg g- 1) respectively. AC06 and BA01 strains were further evaluated for their multifunctional performance by inoculating in Arachis hypogaea L. (Groundnut) under mild and severe drought regimes (60 and 40% Field Capacity). Inoculation with microbial biostimulants displayed distinct osmotic-adjustment abilities of the groundnut, such as growth parameters, plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, proline, and soluble sugar in respective to control during drought. On the other hand, plant sensitivity indexes such as electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were decreased as well as cooperatively conferred plant drought tolerance by induced alterations in stress indicators such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Thus, Acinetobacter sp. AC06 and Bacillus sp. BA01 can be considered as osmolyte producing microbial biostimulants to simultaneously induce osmotic tolerance and metabolic changes in groundnuts under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lalitha Sundaram
- Soil Biology and PGPR Lab, Department of Botany, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A Bukhari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Z Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal's S I Arts, G B Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada, 425409, India.
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Sharma K, Sharma S, Vaishnav A, Jain R, Singh D, Singh HB, Goel A, Singh S. Salt tolerant PGPR strain Priestia endophytica SK1 promotes Fenugreek growth under salt stress by inducing nitrogen assimilation and secondary metabolites. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2802-2813. [PMID: 35880391 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Soil salinity is a huge obstacle in crop production worldwide. Saline soil can reduce active chemical contents in medicinal plants of Leguminosae family through crippled normal nodule function. Intensive efforts are underway to improve yield and medicinal value of leguminous herbs under salt stress condition by using benign microbes. Here, an attempt was made to explore the salt tolerant bacteria associated with rhizosphere of fenugreek plant (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and to evaluate their impact on host plant growth and metabolite of pharmaceutical importance. METHODS AND RESULTS A salt tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain Priestia endophytica SK1 isolated from fenugreek rhizospheric soil, which increased biomass and metabolite content in plants grown under saline stress. SK1 bacterial application induced nodule formation and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus content under salt (100 mM NaCl) stress as compared to control plants. H2O2 production and lipid peroxidation as a measure of stress were observed high in control plants, while a reduction in these parameters was observed in plants inoculated with SK1. In addition, a significant effect was found on the phenolic compounds and trigonelline content in fenugreek plant inoculated with SK1 bacterium. An increased trigonelline content of about 54% over uninoculated control was recorded under salt stress. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that application of salt tolerant PGPR strain P. endophytica SK1 induced nitrogen fixation machinery that leads to alleviate salt stress and improved the biosynthesis of trigonelline content in fenugreek. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This study extends our understanding on significance of rhizosphere microbiome and their beneficial role in plant health under environmental stress to promote agro-eco-farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonal Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Plant-Soil Interaction Group, Agroscope (Reckenholz), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahul Jain
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shoorvir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Naamala J, Smith DL. Microbial Derived Compounds Are a Promising Approach to Mitigating Salinity Stress in Agricultural Crops. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:765320. [PMID: 34867895 PMCID: PMC8640360 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.765320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of microbial derived compounds is a technological approach currently gaining popularity among researchers, with hopes of complementing, supplementing and addressing key issues associated with use of microbial cells for enhancing plant growth. The new technology is a promising approach to mitigating effects of salinity stress in agricultural crops, given that these compounds could be less prone to effects of salt stress, are required in small quantities and are easier to store and handle than microbial cells. Microorganism derived compounds such as thuricin17, lipochitooligosaccharides, phytohormones and volatile organic compounds have been reported to mitigate the effects of salt stress in agricultural crops such as soybean and wheat. This mini-review compiles current knowledge regarding the use of microbe derived compounds in mitigating salinity stress in crops, the mechanisms they employ as well as future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Naamala
- Smith Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Donald L Smith
- Smith Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Singh J, Singh P, Vaishnav A, Ray S, Rajput RS, Singh SM, Singh HB. Belowground fungal volatiles perception in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) facilitates plant growth under biotic stress. Microbiol Res 2021; 246:126721. [PMID: 33581445 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) have great potential in plant ecophysiology, yet the role of belowground VOCs in plant stress management remains largely obscure. Analysis of biocontrol producing VOCs into the soil allow detailed insight into their interaction with soil borne pathogens for plant disease management. A root interaction trial was set up to evaluate the effects of VOCs released from Trichoderma viride BHU-V2 on soil-inhabiting fungal pathogen and okra plant growth. VOCs released into soil by T. viride BHU-V2 inhibited the growth of collar rot pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. Okra plants responded to VOCs by increasing the root growth (lateral roots) and total biomass content. VOCs exposure increased defense mechanism in okra plants by inducing different enzyme activities i.e. chitinase (0.89 fold), β-1,3-glucanase (0.42 fold), peroxidase (0.29 fold), polyphenol oxidase (0.33 fold) and phenylalanine lyase (0.7 fold) when inoculated with S. rolfsii. In addition, T. viride BHU-V2 secreted VOCs reduced lipid peroxidation and cell death in okra plants under pathogen inoculated condition. GC/MS analysis of VOCs blend revealed that T. viride BHU-V2 produced more number of antifungal compounds in soil medium as compared to standard medium. Based on the above observations it is concluded that okra plant roots perceive VOCs secreted by T. viride BHU-V2 into soil that involved in induction of plant defense system against S. rolfsii. In an ecological context, the findings reveal that belowground microbial VOCs may play an important role in stress signaling mechanism to interact with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India; Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Prachi Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India.
| | - Shatrupa Ray
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rahul Singh Rajput
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shiv Mohan Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India; Somvanshi Research Foundation, 13/21, Vikas Nagar, Lucknow, 226022, India.
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Fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. PF17 as an efficient plant growth regulator and biocontrol agent for sunflower crop under saline conditions. Symbiosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-016-0389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kumari S, Vaishnav A, Jain S, Varma A, Choudhary DK. Induced drought tolerance through wild and mutant bacterial strain Pseudomonas simiae in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 32:4. [PMID: 26712619 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study focused on the overproducing mutant of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Pseudomonas simiae strain AU (MTCC-12057) for significant drought tolerance in mung bean plants. Five mutants namely AU-M1, AU-M2, AU-M3, AU-M4 and AU-M5 were made after treatment of wild type strain with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Mutant strain AU-M4 was recorded for enhanced ACC deaminase (ACC-D) activity, indole acetic acid (IAA) production and inorganic phosphate (Pi) solubilization compared to wild strain and other four mutant strains under drought condition. AU-M4 showed higher phosphate solubilization index (8.17) together with higher ACC-D activity (98 nmol/mg/h) and IAA concentration (69.35 µg/ml) compared with the wild type P. simiae strain AU ACC-D activity (79 nmol/mg/h) and IAA concentration (38.98 µg/ml) respectively. In this report, we investigated the effect of both wild and mutant type bacterial strain on mung bean plants under drought stress. Results showed that mutant AU-M4 and wild type strain AU inoculated plants exhibited superior tolerance against drought stress, as shown by their enhanced plant biomass (fresh weight), higher water content, higher proline accumulation and lower osmotic stress injury. Mutant AU-M4 and wild strain AU inoculated plants reduced the ethylene level by 59 and 45% respectively, compared to the control under stress condition. Furthermore, bacterial inoculated plants showed enhanced induced systemic drought tolerance by reducing stomata size and net photosynthesis resulting higher water content in mung bean plants that may help in survival of plants during drought condition. To mitigate the effects of drought stress, use of PGPR will be needed to ensure sufficient production of food from crop plants. Taking current leads available, concerted future research is needed in this area, particularly on field evaluation with application of potential microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Kumari
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts, Science and Humanities (CASH), Mody University of Science & Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332311, India
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Block 'E-3', 4th Floor, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts, Science and Humanities (CASH), Mody University of Science & Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332311, India
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Block 'E-3', 4th Floor, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Shekhar Jain
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts, Science and Humanities (CASH), Mody University of Science & Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332311, India
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Block 'E-3', 4th Floor, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Block 'E-3', 4th Floor, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts, Science and Humanities (CASH), Mody University of Science & Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332311, India.
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Block 'E-3', 4th Floor, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida, UP, 201303, India.
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