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Nascimento ÍF, Souza SSD, da Luz TM, Gomes LAS, Gonçalves SDO, Ahmed MAI, Guimarães ATB, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. Steel wools microfibers causes iron overload and induces biochemical changes in Gallus gallus domesticus chicks (Galliformes: Phasianidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133632. [PMID: 35033516 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Steel wool (SW) has a broad-spectrum of applicability, particularly as abrasives, cleaning household utensils and surfaces in general. However, when present in the natural environment, they can be ingested by animals, such as birds, and may represent a risk to the survival of individuals. Accordingly, in this study, we attempted the hypothesis that the ingestion of SW microfibers (SWMs) by Gallus gallus domesticus chicks (model system used) alters growth/development, induces redox imbalance and cholinesterasic effect, as well as promotes iron overload in different organs. For this, the animals received SWMs twice (within a 24-h interval) in an amount corresponding to 12% of their total stomach volume. At the end of the experiment, we observed less weight gain and less head growth, increased production of hydrogen peroxide (in the brain, liver, crop, and gizzard), nitrite (liver, crop, proventriculus and gizzard), malondialdehyde (brain, liver, muscle, proventriculus, and gizzard), along with increased superoxide dismutase activity in the liver, muscle and crop of animals exposed to SWMs. Such results were associated with iron overload observed in different organs, especially in liver, crop, and gizzard. Furthermore, we evidenced an anti-cholinesterasic effect in birds that ingested the SWMs, marked by a reduction in the acetylcholinesterase activity (in brain). Thus, our study sheds light on the (eco)toxicological potential of SWMs in avifauna, conceding us to associate their ingestion (despite ephemeral and occasional) with damage to the health of individuals, requiring a greater attention spotted to disposal of these materials in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Freitas Nascimento
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Sindoval Silva de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiarlen Marinho da Luz
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Lux Attiê Santos Gomes
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Sandy de Oliveira Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Kar I, Patra AK. Tissue Bioaccumulation and Toxicopathological Effects of Cadmium and Its Dietary Amelioration in Poultry-a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3846-3868. [PMID: 33405085 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been recognized as one of the most toxic heavy metals, which is continuously discharged into environments through anthropogenic (industrial activities, fertilizer production, and waste disposal) and natural sources with anthropogenic sources contributing greater than the natural sources. Therefore, Cd concentration sometimes increases in feeds, fodders, water bodies, and tissues of livestock including poultry in the vicinity of the industrial areas, which causes metabolic, structural, and functional changes of different organs of all animals. In poultry, bioaccumulation of Cd occurs in several organs mainly in the liver, kidney, lung, and reproductive organs due to its continuous exposure. Intake of Cd reduces growth and egg laying performance and feed conversion efficiency in poultry. Chronic exposure of Cd at low doses can also alter the microscopic structures of tissues, particularly in the liver, kidney, brain, pancreas, intestine, and reproductive organs due to increased content of Cd in these tissues. Continuous Cd exposure causes increased oxidative stress at cellular levels due to over-production of reactive oxygen species, exhausting antioxidant defense mechanisms. This leads to disruption of biologically relevant molecules, particularly nucleic acid, protein and lipid, and subsequently apoptosis, cell damage, and necrotic cell death. The histopatholocal changes in the liver, kidneys, and other organs are adversely reflected in hemogram and serum biochemical and enzyme activities. The present review discusses about Cd bioaccumulation and histopathological alterations in different tissues, pathogenesis of Cd toxicity, blood-biochemical changes, and its different ameliorative measures in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Kar
- Department of Avian Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India
| | - Amlan Kumar Patra
- Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India.
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Ali S, Bashir S, Mumtaz S, Shakir HA, Ara C, Ahmad F, Tahir HM, Faheem M, Irfan M, Masih A, Ulhaq M, Andleeb S. Evaluation of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Toxicity in Chicks Via Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Cadmium Level in Tissues. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3457-3469. [PMID: 33125667 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal and a non-biodegradable environmental contaminant, and its omnipresence ensures its recurrent exposure to humans and animals. Its intake by chicks leads to fatal implications. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) because of its bio-accumulative nature is an emerging threat to the poultry industry as well as to the humans which consumes these cadmium-intoxicated chickens. In the current study, the target was to elucidate the toxic effects of CdCl2on body weight, hematological, and biochemical parameters as well as its bioaccumulation in different organs of broiler chicks. Various concentrations of CdCl2 (0, 12, 24, 38, and 48 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) of broiler chicks, respectively. The biometric screening of the exposed birds was carried out by hematological parameters such as packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total protein, white blood cells (WBC), and hemoglobin (Hb), as well as biochemical parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) with commercially available kits. Metal accumulation in different organs was detected using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The compound exposure produced a varied impact on broiler birds. Hematological parameters showed a significant decrease except for WBC. Biochemical parameters also decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. However, it was revealed that the body weight of chickens was not affected considerably after CdCl2 exposure. A direct relationship was detected between the accumulation of metal within tissues (lungs, heart, and flesh) and exposure frequency. It can be deduced that an increase in Cd deposition in tissues may lead to an alteration in hematological-biochemical markers which may significantly contribute to systemic toxicity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Saleha Bashir
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Mumtaz
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Chaman Ara
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farooq Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, TheIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, PK-63100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Faheem
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Azeem Masih
- Department of Zoology, Government Murray College Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Ulhaq
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PK-46300, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
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Shi J, Chang X, Zou H, Gu J, Yuan Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Bian J. Protective Effects of α-Lipoic Acid and Chlorogenic Acid on Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Three-Yellow Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061606. [PMID: 34072384 PMCID: PMC8228482 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cadmium (Cd) exerts pernicious influences on global health. We evaluated the protective effects of α-lipoic acid (α-LA) or chlorogenic acid (CGA) and their combination on counteracting Cd toxicity in vivo in three-yellow chickens. Administration of Cd (50 mg/L) alone lowered the production performance and resulted in biochemical, histologic and enzyme changes within the liver consistent with hepatic injury induced by oxidative stress and apoptosis of hepatocytes. However, the above variations of the Cd group were partially or fully reversed by administration of either α-LA or CGA; their combination showed an even better effect in attenuating Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. This study provided a practical and feasible approach to rescuing Cd intoxication in animal production. Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is a type of noxious heavy metal that is distributed widely. It can severely injure the hepatocytes and cause liver dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. We evaluated the protective effects of α-lipoic acid (α-LA) or chlorogenic acid (CGA) and their combination on counteracting cadmium toxicity in vivo in three-yellow chickens. For three months, CdCl2 (50 mg/L) was administrated through their drinking water, α-LA (400 mg/kg) was added to feed and CGA (45 mg/kg) was employed by gavage. The administration of Cd led to variations in growth performance, biochemical markers (of the liver, kidney and heart), hematological parameters, liver histopathology (which suggested hepatic injury) and ultrastructure of hepatocytes. Some antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress parameters showed significant differences in the Cd-exposure group when compared with the control group. The groups treated with Cd and administrated α-LA or CGA showed significant amelioration with inhibited mitochondrial pathway-induced apoptosis. Combining both drugs was the most effective in reducing Cd toxicity in the liver. In summary, the results demonstrated that α-LA and CGA may be beneficial in alleviating oxidative stress induced by oxygen free radicals and tissue injury resulting from Cd-triggered hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaocui Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.S.); (X.C.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-879-79042
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Aendo P, Netvichian R, Khaodhiar S, Thongyuan S, Songserm T, Tulayakul P. Pb, Cd, and Cu Play a Major Role in Health Risk from Contamination in Duck Meat and Offal for Food Production in Thailand. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:243-252. [PMID: 31933282 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zinc, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe, Cr, and Cu levels in duck meat from large-scale farms have been found to be significantly higher than those from free-grazing duck farms. Zinc, Co, Mn, Cr, and Cu contamination levels in duck liver from large-scale farms were significantly higher than those from free-grazing farms; only Cd in duck liver from free-grazing farms was higher than in liver samples from large-scale farms at P < 0.05. Lead, Cd, Fe, and Cr levels in duck intestine samples from free-grazing farms were higher than large-scale farms at P < 0.001. Moreover, the average concentrations of Pb in duck meat and liver samples from large-scale farms and Cd levels in duck liver samples from free-grazing farm also exceeded the FAO/WHO and Codex Alimentarius limits by 100% (55/55), 100% (54/54), and 67.6% (23/34), respectively. PCA analysis showed a strong positive relationship between the eight metals in meat, liver, and intestine was > 0.69, > 0.69, and > 0.72, in order. The relationship of the liver combined with the intestine was > 0.65. This study indicated that consumers may incur health risks from long-term consumption of duck due to high Pb and Cd concentrations from both types of farms, particularly from large-scale duck farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Aendo
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Ramnaree Netvichian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Sutha Khaodhiar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Suporn Thongyuan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Thaweesak Songserm
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Phitsanu Tulayakul
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
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Hussain S, Ali S, Mumtaz S, Shakir HA, Ahmad F, Tahir HM, Ulhaq M, Khan MA, Zahid MT. Dose and duration-dependent toxicological evaluation of lead acetate in chicks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15149-15164. [PMID: 32072413 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead is one of the utmost contaminated and dangerous heavy metals. This toxicant ultimately enters into the human body through the food chain and accumulated in the body because the animal/human body has not an appropriate mechanism to excrete it from the body. The main objective of the present research was to assess the toxicological effects of lead on body weights, biochemical, and hematological parameters of chickens and also to measure its bioaccumulation in the brain. Lead acetate was administrated orally at doses of 0, 71, 142, 213, and 284 mg/kg of body weight of chicken for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Along with determination of biometry of all experimental chicks, hematological [hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total erythrocyte count (TEC), white blood cells (WBCs), leukocyte differential count (LDC)] and biochemical [low density lipoprotein (LDL), total protein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] parameters were measured. The present study showed that the bodyweight of chickens was not affected significantly by lead acetate exposure. The levels of MCHC, PCV, TEC, Hb, LDL, HDL, and total protein were found to be significantly decreased while WBC, LDC, and ALT profile were enhanced due to administration of lead acetate. Bioaccumulation of lead acetate was found to be higher in the brain. We conclude that the chronic administration of lead acetate affected the blood and biochemical profile of exposed chicken. These effects might be due to the accumulation of the chemical in certain vital organ(s). However, further studies in the future are suggested to refine such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeeda Hussain
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Shumaila Mumtaz
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Farooq Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Ulhaq
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeeb Khan
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Zahid
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Olgun O, Yildiz A, Şahin A. Evaluation of dietary presence or use of cadmium in poultry. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1729669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Olgun
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - A.O. Yildiz
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - A. Şahin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kirsehir Ahi Evran, Kirsehir, Turkey
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Haziri I, Haziri A, Ozuni E, Mehmeti I. Dynamics of Malondialdehyde Depending on Cadmium
Concentration and their Relation with the Daily Weight Gain on
the Chicken Hybrid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2017.38.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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The role of vitamin E or clay in growing Japanese quail fed diets polluted by cadmium at various levels. Animal 2015; 10:508-19. [PMID: 26585391 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115002578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to verify whether vitamin (Vit) E or natural clay as feed additives has the potential to modulate the deleterious effects resulting from exposure to cadmium (Cd) in growing Japanese quail. 648 Japanese quail chicks (1 week old) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary Cd (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg diet) and two levels of Vit E (0, 250 mg/kg diet) or two levels of natural clay (0 and 100 mg/kg diet) to study the influences of Cd, Vit E, clay or their different combinations on growth performance, carcass traits, some blood biochemical components and Cd residues in muscles and liver. Live BW and weight gain of quails were linearly decreased with increasing dietary Cd levels. Moreover, feed conversion was significantly worsened with increasing Cd level. Mortality percentage was linearly increased as dietary Cd level increased up to 120 mg/kg diet. Carcass percentage was linearly decreased as dietary Cd level increased. While, giblets percentage were linearly and quadratically differed as dietary Cd level increased. Cd caused significant changes in total plasma protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, creatinine, urea-N and uric acid concentrations as well as ALT, AST and ALP activities. Increasing dietary Cd level was associated with its increase in the muscles and liver. Dietary supplementation with 250 mg of Vit E/kg diet or 100 mg clay/kg improved live BW, BW gain and feed conversion when compared with the un-supplemented diet. Quails fed diet contained 250 mg Vit E/kg and those fed 100 mg clay/kg had the highest percentages of carcass and dressing than those fed the un-supplemented diet. Blood plasma biochemical components studied were better when birds received 250 mg of Vit E/kg diet and those received 100 mg clay/kg. Cd residues in the muscles and liver were significantly less in the birds had 250 mg of Vit E/kg or those received 100 mg clay/kg diet than those un-supplemented with Vit E. Growth performance traits and blood plasma biochemical components studied were significantly affected linearly by the interactions among Cd and each of Vit E and clay levels. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the deleterious effects induced by Cd plays a role in decreasing the performance of Japanese quail and that dietary supplementation with natural clay or Vit E may be useful in partly alleviating the adverse effects of Cd.
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10
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Salehi I, Karamian R, Komaki A, Tahmasebi L, Taheri M, Nazari M, Shahidi S, Sarihi A. Effects of vitamin E on lead-induced impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Brain Res 2015; 1629:270-81. [PMID: 26462654 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure during development is associated with impaired cognitive function and long-term potentiation (LTP). Vitamin E (VE) is an antioxidant that could have protective effects against Pb intoxication. In this study, we examined the protective effects of vitamin E against Pb-induced LTP impairments. Forty-six adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups: (1) control; (2) Pb exposure; (3) VE; (4) Pb +VE; (5) Pb exposure followed by VE 2 months after exposure; (6) VE followed by Pb exposure 1 month after treatment. Rats were exposed to Pb through daily consumption of Pb-contaminated distilled water; VE was administered by daily gavage for 3 months. After this period, the population spike (PS) amplitudes and the slopes of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were measured in the dentate gyrus (DG) area of the hippocampus in adult rats in response to electrical stimulation applied to the perforant pathway in vivo. Blood samples were also collected to evaluate malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS). Biochemical analyses demonstrated significant increases in plasma MDA and TOS levels in the Pb-exposed group compared to the control group. VE-protected groups revealed significant increases in TAC levels. Our results demonstrate that Pb decreased EPSP slopes and PS amplitudes compared to the control group, whereas VE increased these parameters compared to the control group. Co-administration of VE with Pb exposure inhibited Pb-induced effects. These findings suggest that VE via its antioxidant activity reverses Pb-induced impairments of synaptic plasticity in the DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ruhollah Karamian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Lida Tahmasebi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Taheri
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nazari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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