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Kaya A, Kirbaş ZÖ, Medin ST. Evaluation of nurses' attitudes and behaviors regarding narcotic drug safety and addiction: a descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:435. [PMID: 38926826 PMCID: PMC11200842 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By evaluating nurses' attitudes and behaviors regarding narcotic drug safety and addiction, effective strategies need to be developed for combating addiction in healthcare institutions. This study, aimed at providing an insight into patient and staff safety issues through the formulation of health policies, aimed to evaluate nurses' attitudes and behaviors regarding narcotic drug safety and addiction. METHODS The study was conducted in a descriptive cross-sectional design. It was carried out with 191 nurses in a public hospital between March 2023 and August 2023. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, gathering socio-demographic information and utilizing the Addictive Substance Attitude Scale. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA tests, and regression analysis (P < .001 and p < .05). RESULTS The average age of the participants was determined to be 36.58 ± 8.40. It was reported by 85.3% of nurses that narcotic drug follow-ups in their units were conducted according to procedures. In the study, it was found that 63.9% of nurses did not know the procedure to be followed towards a healthcare professional identified as a narcotic substance addict. The total mean score of the Addictive Substance Attitude Scale of nurses participating in the study was 74.27 ± 14.70. A significant difference was found between the total scores of the scale and the level of education of nurses, the follow-up status of the drugs in the unit where they work, their status of receiving narcotic drug addiction training, and their routine use of the half-dose drug disposal form (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study underscore the importance of evaluating nurses' attitudes and behaviors regarding narcotic drug safety and addiction. These results indicate the need for nursing administrators, particularly in terms of patient and staff safety, to adopt more effective policies and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Kaya
- İkizce Vocational School, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye.
| | - Zila Özlem Kirbaş
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Türkiye
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Naegle MA, Kelly LA, Embree JL, Valentine N, Sharp D, Grinspun D, Hines-Martin VP, Crawford CL, Rosa WE. American Academy of Nursing consensus recommendations to advance system level change for nurse well-being. Nurs Outlook 2023; 71:101917. [PMID: 36736029 PMCID: PMC9889942 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2023.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has required close examination of workforce-related stressors that over decades have contributed to widespread burnout, negative health outcomes, including mental health outcomes, and the loss of the well-educated professionals who are the future of the nursing profession. In the United States and globally, evidence points to factors known to diminish well-being, including inequities, issues of minority status, persistent discrimination, and demanding work environments. The American Academy of Nursing (AAN), dedicated to organizational excellence, nursing leadership and evidence-based policy, develops statements reflecting its mission and those of its nursing affiliates and corporate member, The American Nurses Association. Within nursing, despite the efforts of its members toward advancement, professional fulfillment is often constrained by the systems in which nurses practice and workplace factors over which they have little control. Action by key organizations to initiate changes at systems levels in workplace safety, to increase professional mobility, and propel policies that increase access to health care resources could improve nurse well-being. This paper proposes recommendations from the AAN Expert Panels on Building Health Care System Excellence, Psychiatric Mental Health and Substance Use, and Global Health Expert Panels for the American Academy of Nursing to leverage related policy in the arenas of government and professional/healthcare organizations. Transforming health care work environments and advancing nurse well-being and equity can be accomplished through key, innovative policy changes. These will be achieved through collaboration among associations, organizations, nonprofit groups, and with the public and the media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline A Naegle
- Psychiatric Mental Health and Substance Use Expert Panel, New York, NY.
| | - Lesly A Kelly
- Building Health Care Systems Excellence Expert Panel
| | | | | | - Daryl Sharp
- Psychiatric Mental Health and Substance Use Expert Panel, New York, NY
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Arble E, Manning D, Arnetz BB, Arnetz JE. Increased Substance Use among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2674. [PMID: 36768040 PMCID: PMC9915151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe impact on the nursing profession worldwide. Occupational strain has disrupted nurses' emotional wellbeing and may have led to negative coping behaviors, such as increased substance use, which could impair cognitive functioning. The aim of this study was to examine whether increased substance use in a sample of U.S. nurses during the pandemic was related to greater workplace cognitive failure. An online questionnaire was administered in May 2020 to Michigan nurses statewide via three nursing organizations (n = 695 respondents). A path model was used to test the direct effects of reported increased substance use on workplace cognitive failure and via parallel psychological mediators. The model had excellent fit to the observed data, with statistically significant, unique mediating effects of greater symptoms of anxiety (b = 0.236, z = 2.22, p = 0.027), posttraumatic stress disorder (b = 0.507, z = 4.62, p < 0.001) and secondary trauma (b = 1.10, z = 2.82, p = 0.005). Importantly, the direct effect of increased substance use on workplace cognitive failure was not statistically significant independent of the mediators (b = 0.133, z = 0.56, p = 0.576; 95% confidence interval: -0.33, 0.60). These results point to the importance of further delineating the mechanistic pathways linking adverse stress to workplace cognitive failure. As we emerge from the pandemic, healthcare systems should focus resources on supporting cognitive health by addressing the psychological and emotional welfare of nurses, many of whom may be struggling with residual trauma and increased substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Arble
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA
| | - Dana Manning
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA
| | - Bengt B. Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Judith E. Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Evaluating the Operational Efficiency of Nursing Regulatory Boards’ Discipline Case Management. JOURNAL OF NURSING REGULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2155-8256(22)00035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Weigl T, Tölle AS, Seppelfrick T. Differential aspects of chronic work-related stress predict depression in registered and geriatric nurses. Pflege 2021; 34:133-140. [PMID: 33882720 DOI: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chronic work stress is a problem which persists among nurses for several reasons and studies suggest that both levels of stress and depression remain on an ongoing high level. However, not much is known about the impact of differential aspects of chronic work-related stress on levels of depression when investigating geriatric and registered nurses. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between various aspects of chronic work stress and levels of depression in geriatric and registered nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey among 370 nurses was carried out. Besides demographic information, several aspects of chronic work stress were assessed with the Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress and levels of depression with the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Statistical analyses included multiple linear regression. Results: Most important work-related predictors of depression scores in nurses were 'Work dissatisfaction' (ß = .237; 95 %-CI: [.194; .280]) and 'Work overload' (ß = .161; 95 %-CI: [.124; .198]) within blockwise multiple regression analysis. A previously diagnosed psychiatric disorder (ß = -.268; 95 %-CI: [-.313; -.223]) proved to be the strongest predictor of nurses' depression experience. Our model explained 37 % of variance in depression scores. However, being a geriatric or registered nurse did not predict levels of depression. Conclusions: Different aspects of chronic work stress seem to be associated with levels of depression in nurses. This should be taken into account when working on the improvement of working conditions for nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weigl
- Psychology School, Hochschule Fresenius - University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf
| | - Ann-Sophie Tölle
- Psychology School, Hochschule Fresenius - University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf.,Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum
| | - Thomas Seppelfrick
- Psychology School, Hochschule Fresenius - University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf
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Davidson JE, Ye G, Parra MC, Choflet A, Lee K, Barnes A, Harkavy-Friedman J, Zisook S. Job-Related Problems Prior to Nurse Suicide, 2003-2017: A Mixed Methods Analysis Using Natural Language Processing and Thematic Analysis. JOURNAL OF NURSING REGULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2155-8256(21)00017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Choflet A, Davidson J, Lee KC, Ye G, Barnes A, Zisook S. A comparative analysis of the substance use and mental health characteristics of nurses who complete suicide. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:1963-1972. [PMID: 33763857 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe the substance use and mental health characteristics of nurses who complete suicide compared to non-nurses. BACKGROUND Nurses are at higher risk of suicide than the general population. The relationship between substance use, mental health and suicide in a large sample of nurses in the USA has not been previously described. DESIGN Retrospective observational quantitative analysis. METHODS Suicide data were retrospectively analysed in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Violent Death Reporting System from 2003 to 2017. Data were compared between nurses who died by suicide (n = 2,306) and non-nurses who died by suicide (n = 185,620) using odds ratios calculations and chi-square test of proportions to detect independent risk factors of suicide completion in nurses. This study followed the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS Significant differences between nurses and non-nurses were found. Among decedents for whom substances were implicated as a cause of death, nurses were far more likely to be positive at the time of death for almost all substance classifications. Both male and female nurses were more likely than non-nurses to have a mental health problem reported. Among both female and male nurses, job problems were more prevalent compared to non-nurses (12.8% and 19.9% versus 7.2% and 11.9%, respectively). Female nurses were more likely to have a physical health problem compared to female non-nurses, male nurses and male non-nurses (26.2% versus 21.3%, 22% and 20.4%). CONCLUSION Unique relationships between substance use and mental health exist among nurses who complete suicide which may offer specific opportunities for interventions to reduce suicide. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Efforts to address workplace stress, facilitate self-referral for risky substance use, encourage mental health treatment and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help all offer potential interventions to reduce nurse suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judy Davidson
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kelly C Lee
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gordon Ye
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sidney Zisook
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Scholze AR, Martins JT, Galdino MJQ, Moreira AAO, Costa VML, Trevisan GS. Nurses' perceptions about the influence of the labor environment in the use of psychoactive substances. Rev Bras Med Trab 2020; 18:30-36. [PMID: 32783001 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520200378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The work environment of nurses is characterized by physical and mental hazards liable to cause exhaustion and lead them to take psychoactive substances as coping strategy. Objective To investigate nurses' perception of the work environment influence on psychoactive substance intake. Methods Exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study with 14 nurses in two public hospitals. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and subjected to content analysis. Results Staff and material shortages, submission, lack of autonomy, conflict in interpersonal relationships and power struggles were the main reasons for nurses to take psychoactive substances. Conclusion Nurses are exposed to stressors in the workplace, including understaffing, power struggles, interpersonal conflict and lack of autonomy, which may lead them to take legal or illegal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rolim Scholze
- Nursing, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná - Bandeirantes (PR), Brazil. Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná Brazil
| | - Júlia Trevisan Martins
- Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - Londrina (PR), Brazil. Universidade Estadual de Londrina Universidade Estadual de Londrina Brazil
| | - Maria José Quina Galdino
- Nursing, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná - Bandeirantes (PR), Brazil. Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida Oliveira Moreira
- Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - Londrina (PR), Brazil. Universidade Estadual de Londrina Universidade Estadual de Londrina Brazil
| | - Vanessa Monique Luiz Costa
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Evangélico de Londrina - Londrina (PR), Brazil. Department of Nursing Hospital Evangélico de Londrina Brazil
| | - Gabriela Schmitt Trevisan
- Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil. Universidade do Oeste Paulista Medicine Universidade do Oeste Paulista Brazil
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Smiley R, Reneau K. Outcomes of Substance Use Disorder Monitoring Programs for Nurses. JOURNAL OF NURSING REGULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2155-8256(20)30107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pezaro S, Patterson J, Moncrieff G, Ghai I. A systematic integrative review of the literature on midwives and student midwives engaged in problematic substance use. Midwifery 2020; 89:102785. [PMID: 32570093 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic integrative review was to review the literature in relation to problematic substance use (PSU) in midwifery populations. Associated aims were to aggregate existing knowledge about midwives and student midwives' personal engagement in PSU, to generate a holistic conceptualisation and synthesis of the existing literature regarding midwives and student midwives personally engaged in PSU and to present new understandings and perspectives to inform the development of future research questions. This review is the first of its kind. DESIGN Systematic searches were conducted in CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, PSYCInfo, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. Findings were grouped into themes and subthemes relating to both midwives and student midwives and then analysed critically in relation to the wider literature. A quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The PRISMA statement was used to guide reporting. SETTING Included studies were conducted in Scotland, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. PARTICIPANTS Studies included a total of 6,182 participants. FINDINGS A total of 3 studies were included. All included study types comprised quantitative survey designs, yet one also included a mixed methods design with the use of semi structured interviews. Two overarching themes emerged relating to both midwives and student midwives engaged in problematic substance use. For midwives, three subthemes are described: harmful daily alcohol consumption, working hours and harmful daily alcohol consumption and features associated with harmful daily alcohol consumption. For student midwives, two subthemes are presented: escape avoidance and alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use. KEY CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence available in relation to problematic substance use in midwifery populations in comparison to that available for other healthcare populations. Further research is required, and could usefully focus upon midwives and student midwives as distinct professions to be separated out from the wider healthcare workforce. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Problematic substance use among the healthcare workforce is associated with an increase in medical errors and inadequate care. Those affected can be reluctant to seek help, experience psychological distress and even contemplate suicide. Whilst evidence remains lacking for midwifery populations, they form a part of the general healthcare workforce and are exposed to similar workplace stressors. As such, it is likely that they too would be affected in similar ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Pezaro
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, England.
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