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Zhong J, Li P, Zheng F, Li Y, Lu W, Chen H, Cai J, Xia D, Wu Y. Association between dietary vitamin C intake/blood level and risk of digestive system cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Food Funct 2024; 15:8217-8237. [PMID: 39039956 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Experimental studies have shown that vitamin C has anti-cancer effects, but previous meta-analyses have indicated that the role of vitamin C in digestive system cancers (DSCs) is controversial. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary intake/plasma concentration of vitamin C and the risk of DSC was conducted, evaluating 32 prospective studies with 1 664 498 participants. Dose-response and subgroup analyses were also performed. Systematic literature searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases until 9th September 2023. Vitamin C intake significantly reduced DSCs risk (RR = 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83 to 0.93). The subgroup analyses showed the risks of oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal (OPE) cancers (0.81, 0.72 to 0.93), gastric cancer (0.81, 0.68 to 0.95), and colorectal cancer (0.89, 0.82 to 0.98) were negatively correlated with vitamin C intake, and the effect of vitamin C was different between colon cancer (0.87, 0.77 to 0.97) and rectal cancer (1.00, 0.84 to 1.19). However, plasma vitamin C concentration was only inversely associated with gastric cancer risk (0.74, 0.59 to 0.92). Dose-response analysis revealed that 250 and 65 mg day-1 vitamin C intakes had the strongest protective effect against OPE and gastric cancers respectively. These estimates suggest that vitamin C intake could significantly reduce gastrointestinal cancer incidence, including OPE, gastric, and colon cancers. Plasma vitamin C has a significant reduction effect on the incidence of gastric cancer only, but additional large-scale clinical studies are needed to determine its impact on the incidence of DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhong
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Peiwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jianting Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumour Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Bulanda S, Lau K, Nowak A, Łyko-Morawska D, Kotylak A, Janoszka B. The Risk of Oral Cancer and the High Consumption of Thermally Processed Meat Containing Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Compounds. Nutrients 2024; 16:1084. [PMID: 38613117 PMCID: PMC11013896 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified the consumption of heat-processed meat as a direct human carcinogen and the consumption of red meat as a probable carcinogen. Mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds present in meat dishes include, among others, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs). These compounds can cause the development of gastrointestinal cancer. Oral cancer is one of the world's research priorities due to the ever-increasing incidence rate. However, the effect of diet on oral cancer is still a poorly recognized issue. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the risk of oral cancer and dietary ingredients with a particular emphasis on red meat and thermally processed meat. This study was conducted among patients with oral cancer in 2022 and 2023. The shortened standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and a multivariate regression statistical analysis were used. The high consumption of red meat in general and thermally processed meat, especially smoked, fried, roasted and boiled, increases the risk of oral cavity cancer. Limiting the consumption of meat products and modifying the methods of preparing meat dishes may reduce exposure to carcinogenic compounds from the diet and thus reduce the risk of developing oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bulanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Karolina Lau
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Dorota Łyko-Morawska
- Department of Vascular Surgery, General Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Anna Kotylak
- I Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Beata Janoszka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
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Saka-Herrán C, Pereira-Riveros T, Jané-Salas E, López-López J. Association between the Mediterranean Diet and Vitamin C and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:2846. [PMID: 37447173 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet may modulate the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To date, there is limited evidence regarding the effects of the Mediterranean diet on HNC risk. The purpose of the study was to assess the association between Mediterranean diet adherence, type of diet, and vitamin C and the risk of HNC. A case-control study was conducted at the Dentistry Hospital, University of Barcelona, including 101 cases of HNC and 101 controls matched by age and sex. Dietary habits were assessed using a 14-question Mediterranean diet score that classified the type of diet into healthy diet (10-14 points), regular diet (5-9 points), and unhealthy diet (≤4 points). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between Mediterranean diet adherence, type of diet, and vitamin C and the risk of HNC. Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a lower risk of HNC (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98). A healthy diet (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.84) and vitamin C intake (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.62) were strongly associated with lower odds of HNC. Moderate egg intake was the only type of food significantly associated with a lower risk of HNC. Dietary patterns that emphasize a high intake of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactive components may have a protective effect on the risk of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Saka-Herrán
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanya Pereira-Riveros
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Jané-Salas
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José López-López
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
- Head Service of the Medical-Surgical Area of the Dentistry Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
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Wang J, Fan Y, Qian J, Wang S, Li Y, Xu M, Chen F, Wang J, Qiu Y, Lin L, He B, Liu F. Relationship Between Dietary Fiber and Vitamin C Intake and Oral Cancer. Front Public Health 2022; 10:880506. [PMID: 35646749 PMCID: PMC9133876 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fiber and vitamin C has been reported to play a possible role in tumorigenesis. However, few studies have estimated their association with oral cancer risk. In this project, we investigated the relationship between dietary fiber and vitamin C and oral cancer risk in adults in Southern China. Methods 382 patients newly diagnosed with oral cancer were matched to 382 hospital derived controls by frequency matching in age and sex. Pre-diagnostic consumption of dietary fiber and vitamin C intake were measured through food frequency questionnaire. Association between nutrients intake and oral cancer risk were evaluated by logistic regression. OR value and 95% confidence interval was calculated. Results Intake of dietary fiber and vitamin C was significantly lower in oral cancer patients (8.15 g/day) than in control participants (8.88 g/day). Increased dietary fiber or vitamin C intake was linked to a decreased incidence of OC after adjustment of age, marital status, residence, BMI, occupation, education, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and family history of cancer Ptrend< 0.001). Compared with the lowest tertile, the adjusted OR of the top tertile of dietary fiber was 0.47 (95 % CI 0.32, 0.68). While the adjusted OR of the highest tertile was 0.60 (95 % CI 0.42, 0.87) compared with the lowest tertile of vitamin C. Conclusions Dietary intake of fiber and vitamin C were lower in oral cancer patients than in control participants. Dietary fiber and vitamin C were inversely related to risk of oral cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Baochang He
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fengqiong Liu
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Xin J, Jiang X, Ben S, Yuan Q, Su L, Zhang Z, Christiani DC, Du M, Wang M. Association between circulating vitamin E and ten common cancers: evidence from large-scale Mendelian randomization analysis and a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Med 2022; 20:168. [PMID: 35538486 PMCID: PMC9092790 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between vitamin E and cancer risk has been widely investigated by observational studies, but the findings remain inconclusive. Here, we aimed to evaluate the causal effect of circulating vitamin E on the risk of ten common cancers, including bladder, breast, colorectal, esophagus, lung, oral and pharynx, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and kidney cancer. METHODS A Mendelian randomization (MR) analytic framework was applied to data from a cancer-specific genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising a total of 297,699 cancer cases and 304,736 controls of European ancestry. Three genetic instrumental variables associated with circulating vitamin E were selected. Summary statistic-based methods of inverse variance weighting (IVW) and likelihood-based approach, as well as the individual genotyping-based method of genetic risk score (GRS) were used. Multivariable IVW analysis was further performed to control for potential confounding effects. Furthermore, the UK Biobank cohort was used as external validation, supporting 355,543 European participants (incident cases ranged from 437 for ovarian cancer to 4882 for prostate cancer) for GRS-based estimation of circulating vitamin E, accompanied by a one-sample MR analysis of dietary vitamin E intake underlying the time-to-event analytic framework. RESULTS Specific to cancer GWAS, we found that circulating vitamin E was significantly associated with increased bladder cancer risk (odds ratios [OR]IVW = 6.23, PIVW = 3.05×10-3) but decreased breast cancer risk (ORIVW = 0.68, PIVW = 8.19×10-3); however, the significance of breast cancer was dampened (Pmultivariable IVW > 0.05) in the subsequent multivariable MR analysis. In the validation stage of the UK Biobank cohort, we did not replicate convincing causal effects of genetically predicted circulating vitamin E concentrations and dietary vitamin E intake on the risk of ten cancers. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale population study upon data from cancer-specific GWAS and a longitudinal biobank cohort indicates plausible non-causal associations between circulating vitamin E and ten common cancers in the European populations. Further studies regarding ancestral diversity are warranted to validate such causal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Xin
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuai Ben
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qianyu Yuan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Meilin Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
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Starska-Kowarska K. Dietary Carotenoids in Head and Neck Cancer-Molecular and Clinical Implications. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030531. [PMID: 35276890 PMCID: PMC8838110 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most common cancers in the world according to GLOBCAN. In 2018, it was reported that HNC accounts for approximately 3% of all human cancers (51,540 new cases) and is the cause of nearly 1.5% of all cancer deaths (10,030 deaths). Despite great advances in treatment, HNC is indicated as a leading cause of death worldwide. In addition to having a positive impact on general health, a diet rich in carotenoids can regulate stages in the course of carcinogenesis; indeed, strong epidemiological associations exist between dietary carotenoids and HNS, and it is presumed that diets with carotenoids can even reduce cancer risk. They have also been proposed as potential chemotherapeutic agents and substances used in chemoprevention of HNC. The present review discusses the links between dietary carotenoids and HNC. It examines the prospective anticancer effect of dietary carotenoids against intracellular cell signalling and mechanisms, oxidative stress regulation, as well as their impact on apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and chemoprevention; it also provides an overview of the limited preclinical and clinical research published in this arena. Recent epidemiological, key opinion-forming systematic reviews, cross-sectional, longitudinal, prospective, and interventional studies based on in vitro and animal models of HNC also indicate that high carotenoid content obtained from daily supplementation has positive effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of HNC. This article presents these results according to their increasing clinical credibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-604-541-412
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Lodz, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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The Association between Carotenoids and Head and Neck Cancer Risk. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010088. [PMID: 35010963 PMCID: PMC8746385 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) includes oral cavity cancer (OCC), pharyngeal cancer (PC), and laryngeal cancer (LC). It is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. Smoking and alcohol consumption are the typical well-known predictors of HNC. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an increasing etiological factor for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Moreover, food and nutrition play an important role in HNC etiology. According to the World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research, an intake of non-starchy vegetables and fruits could decrease HNC risk. The carotenoids included in vegetables and fruits are well-known antioxidants which have anti-mutagenic and immune regulatory functions. Numerous studies have shown the relationship between carotenoid intake and a lower HNC risk, but the role of carotenoids in HNC risk is not well defined. The goal of this review is to present the current literature regarding the relationship between various carotenoids and HNC risk.
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Association between Oral Cancer and Diet: An Update. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041299. [PMID: 33920788 PMCID: PMC8071138 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer, included within head and neck cancer, is the sixth most common malignant neoplasm in the world. The main etiological factors are tobacco and alcohol, although currently, diet is considered an important determinant for its development. Several dietary nutrients have specific mechanisms of action, contributing to both protection against cancer and increasing the risk for development, growth, and spread. Foods such as fruits, vegetables, curcumin, and green tea can reduce the risk of oral cancer, while the so-called pro-inflammatory diet, rich in red meat and fried foods, can enhance the risk of occurrence. Dietary factors with a protective effect show different mechanisms that complement and overlap with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-proliferative effects. The main limitation of in vivo studies is the complexity of isolating the effects related to each one of the nutrients and the relationship with other possible etiological mechanisms. On the contrary, in vitro studies allow determining the specific mechanisms of action of some of the dietary compounds. In conclusion, and despite research limitations, the beneficial effects of a diet rich in vegetables and fruits are attributed to different micronutrients that are also found in fish and animal products. These compounds show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-proliferative properties that have a preventive role in the development of oral and other types of cancer.
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Study of the Ability of Lutein and Neoxanthin as Standards and in the Extract of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to Prevent Oxidatively Induced DNA Base Damage Using Ultrasensitive GC–MS/MS Analysis. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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The association between vitamin deficiency and otolaryngologic diseases: A therapeutic target. Med Hypotheses 2020; 135:109448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Galvão De Podestá OP, Peres SV, Salaroli LB, Cattafesta M, De Podestá JRV, von Zeidler SLV, de Oliveira JC, Kowalski LP, Ikeda MK, Brennan P, Curado MP. Consumption of minimally processed foods as protective factors in the genesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Brazil. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220067. [PMID: 31344089 PMCID: PMC6657870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer, and two-fifths of cases could be avoided by changing lifestyle and eating habits. METHODS This multicenter case-control study was conducted under the International Consortium on Head and Neck Cancer and Genetic Epidemiology, coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This consortium evaluated associations between minimally processed food consumption and the risk of HNC in three Brazilian states. RESULTS We evaluated 1740 subjects (847 cases and 893 controls). In multiple analyses including recognized risk factors for HNC, the consumption of apples and pears was associated with reduced risks of oral cavity and laryngeal cancers; the consumption of citrus fruits and fresh tomatoes was associated with a reduced risk of oral cavity cancer; the consumption of bananas was associated with a reduced risk of oropharynx cancer; the consumption of broccoli, cabbage, and collard greens was associated with reduced risks of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers; and the consumption of carrots and fresh fruits was associated with a reduced risk of hypopharyngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of a heathy diet rich in fruits and vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Public policies, including government subsidies, are essential to facilitate logistical and financial access to minimally processed foods, thereby strengthening environments that promote healthy behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stela Verzinhasse Peres
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Fundação Antônio Prudente, Cancer Center of A.C.Camargo, São Paulo—SP / BR
| | | | - Monica Cattafesta
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória—ES / BR
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Fundação Antônio Prudente, Cancer Center of A.C.Camargo, São Paulo—SP / BR
| | - Mauro Kasuo Ikeda
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Fundação Antônio Prudente, Cancer Center of A.C.Camargo, São Paulo—SP / BR
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Paula Curado
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Fundação Antônio Prudente, Cancer Center of A.C.Camargo, São Paulo—SP / BR
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12
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Wang K, Yu XH, Tang YJ, Tang YL, Liang XH. Obesity: An emerging driver of head and neck cancer. Life Sci 2019; 233:116687. [PMID: 31348948 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become pandemic and emerged as one of the most critical global health care problems worldwide since last century. Recent studies have demonstrated that there may be a causal link between obesity and higher risks and mortality of cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, and thyroid cancers, head and neck cancer (HNC). This review focuses on the relationship between obesity and HNC, and the molecular mechanism of abnormal lipid metabolism in HNC. Elucidating the mechanism may open up new possibilities for strategies to reduce risk and mortality of HNC in an increasingly obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Chen X, Mims J, Huang X, Singh N, Motea E, Planchon SM, Beg M, Tsang AW, Porosnicu M, Kemp ML, Boothman DA, Furdui CM. Modulators of Redox Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1660-1690. [PMID: 29113454 PMCID: PMC6207163 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is a complex disease characterized by high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity. Radiation therapy (RT) alone or combined with systemic chemotherapy is widely used for treatment of HNSCC as definitive treatment or as adjuvant treatment after surgery. Antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor are used in definitive or palliative treatment. Recent Advances: Emerging targeted therapies against other proteins of interest as well as programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 immunotherapies are being explored in clinical trials. CRITICAL ISSUES The disease heterogeneity, invasiveness, and resistance to standard of care RT or chemoradiation therapy continue to constitute significant roadblocks for treatment and patients' quality of life (QOL) despite improvements in treatment modality and the emergence of new therapies over the past two decades. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As reviewed here, alterations in redox metabolism occur at all stages of HNSCC management, providing opportunities for improved prevention, early detection, response to therapies, and QOL. Bioinformatics and computational systems biology approaches are key to integrate redox effects with multiomics data from cells and clinical specimens and to identify redox modifiers or modifiable target proteins to achieve improved clinical outcomes. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jade Mims
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Naveen Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Edward Motea
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Muhammad Beg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Allen W. Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mercedes Porosnicu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Melissa L. Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David A. Boothman
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cristina M. Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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14
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Adadi P, Barakova NV, Krivoshapkina EF. Selected Methods of Extracting Carotenoids, Characterization, and Health Concerns: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5925-5947. [PMID: 29851485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are the most powerful nutrients (medicine) on earth due to their potent antioxidant properties. The ability of these tetraterpenoids in obviating human chronic ailments like cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and diabetes has drawn public attention toward these novel compounds. Conventionally, carotenoids have been extracted from plant materials and agro-industrial byproduct using different solvents, but these procedures result in contaminating the target compound (carotenoids) with extraction solvents. Furthermore, some utilized solvents are not safe and hence are harmful to the environment. This has attracted criticism from consumers, ecologists, environmentalists, and public health workers. However, there is clear consumer preference for carotenoids from natural origin without traces of extracting solvent. Therefore, this review seeks to discuss methods for higher recovery of pure carotenoids without contamination from a solvent. Methods such as enzyme-based extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and postextraction treatment (saponification) are discussed. Merits and demerits of these methods along with health concerns during intake of carotenoids were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parise Adadi
- ITMO University , Lomonosova Street 9 , 191002 , St. Petersburg , Russia Federation
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15
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Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Rosato V, Garavello W, Serraino D, La Vecchia C. Inflammatory potential of diet and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer in a large case-control study from Italy. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:471-479. [PMID: 28340515 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diet and inflammation have been suggested to be important risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer. We examined the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII™) and oral and pharyngeal cancer in a large case-control study conducted between 1992 and 2009 in Italy. This study included 946 cases with incident, histologically confirmed oral and pharyngeal cancer, and 2,492 controls hospitalized for acute non-neoplastic diseases. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed by a valid 78-item food frequency questionnaire and was adjusted for nonalcohol energy intake using the residual approach (E-DII™). Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age, sex, non-alcohol energy intake, study center, year of interview, education, body mass index, tobacco smoking, and alcohol drinking. Subjects with higher DII scores (i.e., with a more pro-inflammatory diet) had a higher risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer, the OR being 1.80 (95% CI 1.36-2.38) for the highest versus the lowest DII quartile and 1.17 (95% CI 1.10-1.25) for a one-unit increase (8% of the DII range). When stratified by selected covariates, a stronger association was observed among women (ORquartile4 v.1 3.30, 95% CI 1.95-5.57). We also observed a stronger association for oral cancers and a strong combined effect of higher DII score and tobacco smoking or alcohol consumption on oral and pharyngeal cancer. These results indicate that the pro-inflammatory potential of the diet, as shown by higher DII scores, is associated with higher odds of oral and pharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC.,Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Valentina Rosato
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, (PN), Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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16
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Malnutrition and Oral Disease in the Elderly––Is There Any Bidirectional Relationship? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-017-0127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Juneja S, Rathore AS, Sharma K, Shetty D, Jain A. Antioxidant-Oxidant Index as a Biomarker in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Biochemical Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC05-ZC08. [PMID: 28511498 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/22909.9371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress has been implicated in tumourigenesis by affecting the actions of various protein kinases and transcription factors, and resulting in damage to DNA structure by the deamination of nucleotides and the generation of free radicals. Derangements in the antioxidant defence mechanism have been considered in the pathogenesis of oral cancer. AIM To evaluate and compare the serum levels of nitric oxide and vitamin C in cases of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum from 20 patients with OSCC, 20 patients with OPMDs and 10 healthy subjects were analyzed for levels of nitric oxide and vitamin C using UV spectrophotometry. Antioxidant-Oxidant Index (AOI) was calculated by calculating the ratio between the levels of nitric oxide and vitamin C. RESULTS The mean nitric oxide levels were elevated in OSCC group, as compared to OPMD and control group, whereas, mean serum vitamin C levels were reduced in OSCC group as compared to OPMDs and control group (statistically significant, p<0.05). There was significant increase in AOI from control group (0.023), OPMDs (0.167) and OSCC group (0.279) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Assessment of levels of antioxidant oxidant markers are useful tools in monitoring the progression of OPMDs to OSCC. AOI is an objective tool to assess the oxidative stress in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Juneja
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S. Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajit Singh Rathore
- Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kanika Sharma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S. Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devicharan Shetty
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S. Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshi Jain
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S. Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zaheer K. Hen egg carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and nutritional impacts on human health: a review. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2016.1266033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Zaheer
- Health and Nutrition, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Zhao LG, Shu XO, Li HL, Zhang W, Gao J, Sun JW, Zheng W, Xiang YB. Dietary antioxidant vitamins intake and mortality: A report from two cohort studies of Chinese adults in Shanghai. J Epidemiol 2016; 27:89-97. [PMID: 28142039 PMCID: PMC5363781 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have evaluated dietary antioxidant vitamins intake in relation to risk of mortality in Asia. Methods We examined the associations between total carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E from diet and risk of mortality from all causes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease in 134,358 participants (59,739 men and 74,619 women) from the Shanghai Men's Health Study and Shanghai Women's Health Study, two prospective cohort studies of middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults in urban Shanghai. Participants were followed up for a median period of 8.3 and 14.2 years for men and women, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results During the 495,332 and 1,029,198 person-years of follow-up for men and women, respectively, there were 10,079 deaths (4170 men and 5909 women). For men, compared with the lowest quintiles, the multivariable-adjusted risk reductions in the highest categories were 17% (HR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76–0.92) for dietary total carotene and 17% (HR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75–0.91) for dietary vitamin C. Associations were weaker in women than in men, though they were still statistically significant (highest versus lowest quintiles of dietary total carotene, HR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80–0.95; dietary vitamin C: HR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77–0.91). Significant inverse associations were observed between dietary total carotene, vitamin C, and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality but not cancer mortality. Conclusion This study suggests that total carotene and vitamin C intake from diet were inversely associated with deaths from all causes and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged or elderly people in China. Dietary vitamin C and carotene were inversely associated with total deaths in China. These associations were more pronounced for cardiovascular disease mortality. Dietary antioxidant vitamins might not be associated with cancer mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Gang Zhao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Gao
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Sun
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Sanders K, Moran Z, Shi Z, Paul R, Greenlee H. Natural Products for Cancer Prevention: Clinical Update 2016. Semin Oncol Nurs 2016; 32:215-40. [PMID: 27539278 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To present a clinical update of natural products for cancer prevention and provide oncology nurses with an evidence-based review of natural products for patient counseling and education. DATA SOURCES Clinical trials published in PubMed. CONCLUSION In the past 4 years since the publication of the original review there have been minimal changes in the conclusions of the published literature on the use of natural products for cancer prevention. To date, clinical trials have not demonstrated conclusive benefit of using natural products for cancer prevention, and current guidelines do not recommend their use. This review provides an update on published and ongoing trials and can serve as an updated resource for nurses. Evidence-based natural products databases can help nurses stay current with the scientific literature and be effective educators and health coaches for their patients, who can be influenced by marketing of unregulated products. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Patients often discuss the use of natural products with nurses. Nurses have an opportunity to educate and coach patients in effective preventive lifestyle practices.
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Campbell EJ, Vissers MC, Dachs GU. Ascorbate availability affects tumor implantation-take rate and increases tumor rejection in Gulo -/- mice. HYPOXIA 2016; 4:41-52. [PMID: 27800507 PMCID: PMC5085285 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In solid tumors, HIF1 upregulates the expression of hundreds of genes involved in cell survival, tumor growth, and adaptation to the hypoxic microenvironment. HIF1 stabilization and activity are suppressed by prolyl and asparagine hydroxylases, which require oxygen as a substrate and ascorbate as a cofactor. This has led us to hypothesize that intracellular ascorbate availability could modify the hypoxic HIF1 response and influence tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the effect of variable intracellular ascorbate levels on HIF1 induction in cancer cells in vitro, and on tumor-take rate and growth in the Gulo-/- mouse. These mice depend on dietary ascorbate, and were supplemented with 3,300 mg/L, 330 mg/L, or 33 mg/L ascorbate in their drinking water, resulting in saturating, medium, or low plasma and tissue ascorbate levels, respectively. In Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LL/2) in culture, optimal ascorbate supplementation reduced HIF1 accumulation under physiological but not pathological hypoxia. LL/2, B16-F10 melanoma, or CMT-93 colorectal cancer cells were implanted subcutaneously into Gulo-/- mice at a range of cell inocula. Establishment of B16-F10 tumors in mice supplemented with 3,300 mg/L ascorbate required an increased number of cancer cells to initiate tumor growth compared with the number of cells required in mice on suboptimal ascorbate intake. Elevated ascorbate intake was also associated with decreased tumor ascorbate levels and a reduction in HIF1α expression and transcriptional activity. Following initial growth, all CMT-93 tumors regressed spontaneously, but mice supplemented with 33 mg/L ascorbate had lower plasma ascorbate levels and grew larger tumors than optimally supplemented mice. The data from this study indicate that improved ascorbate intake is consistent with increased intracellular ascorbate levels, reduced HIF1 activity and reduced tumor initiation and growth, and this may be advantageous in the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margreet Cm Vissers
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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22
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Das Gupta S, Suh N. Tocopherols in cancer: An update. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1354-63. [PMID: 26751721 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tocopherols exist in four forms designated as α, β, δ, and γ. Due to their strong antioxidant properties, tocopherols have been suggested to reduce the risk of cancer. Cancer prevention studies with tocopherols have mostly utilized α-tocopherol. Large-scale clinical trials with α-tocopherol provided inconsistent results regarding the cancer-preventive activities of tocopherols. This review summarizes our current understanding of the anticancer activities of different forms of tocopherols based on follow-up of the clinical trials, recent epidemiological evidences, and experimental studies using in vitro and in vivo models. The experimental data provide strong evidence in support of the anticancer activities of δ-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and the natural tocopherol mixture rich in γ-tocopherol, γ-TmT, over α-tocopherol. Such outcomes emphasize the need for detailed investigation into the cancer-preventive activities of different forms of tocopherols to provide a strong rationale for intervention studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyasri Das Gupta
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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