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Metcalf GAD. MicroRNAs: circulating biomarkers for the early detection of imperceptible cancers via biosensor and machine-learning advances. Oncogene 2024; 43:2135-2142. [PMID: 38839942 PMCID: PMC11226400 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the topic of microRNAs (miRNAs) for improved early detection of imperceptible cancers, with potential to advance precision medicine and improve patient outcomes. Historical research exploring miRNA's role in cancer detection collectively revealed initial hurdles in identifying specific miRNA signatures for early-stage and difficult-to-detect cancers. Early studies faced challenges in establishing robust biomarker panels and overcoming the heterogeneity of cancer types. Despite this, recent developments have supported the potential of miRNAs as sensitive and specific biomarkers for early cancer detection as well as having demonstrated remarkable potential as diagnostic tools for imperceptible cancers, such as those with elusive symptoms or challenging diagnostic criteria. This review discusses the advent of high-throughput technologies that have enabled comprehensive detection and profiling of unique miRNA signatures associated with early-stage cancers. Furthermore, advancements in bioinformatics and machine-learning techniques are considered, exploring the integration of multi-omics data which have potential to enhance both the accuracy and reliability of miRNA-based cancer detection assays. Finally, perspectives on the continuing development on technologies as well as discussion around challenges that remain, such as the need for standardised protocols and addressing the complex interplay of miRNAs in cancer biology are conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin A D Metcalf
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Jiang D, Zhang LY, Wang DH, Liu YR. Identification of an optimized glycolytic-related risk signature for predicting the prognosis in breast cancer using integrated bioinformatic analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34715. [PMID: 37656998 PMCID: PMC10476720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolic disorders and significant glycolytic alterations in tumor tissues and cells are hallmarks of breast cancer (BC) progression. This study aims to elucidate the key biomarkers and pathways mediating abnormal glycolysis in breast cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Differential genes expression analysis, gene ontology analysis, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis, gene set enrichment analyses, and correlation analysis were performed to explore the expression and prognostic implications of glycolysis-related genes. We effectively integrated 4 genes to construct a prognostic model of shorter survival in the high-risk versus low-risk group. The prognostic model showed promising predictive value and may be an integral part of the prognosis of BC. The survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves suggested that the signature showed a good predictive performance in both the The Cancer Genome Atlas training set and 2 gene expression omnibus validation sets. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the 4-gene signature had an independent prognostic value. Furthermore, all calibration curves exhibited robust validity in prognostic prediction. We established an optimized 4-gene signature to clarify the connection between glycolysis and BC, and offered an attractive platform for risk stratification and prognosis predication of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Dan-Hua Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-rong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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3
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Otsuka K, Nishiyama H, Kuriki D, Kawada N, Ochiya T. Connecting the dots in the associations between diet, obesity, cancer, and microRNAs. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 93:52-69. [PMID: 37156343 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached pandemic levels worldwide, leading to a lower quality of life and higher health costs. Obesity is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, although obesity is one of the major preventable causes of cancer. Lifestyle factors, such as dietary quality and patterns, are also closely related to the onset and development of obesity and cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the complex association between diet, obesity, and cancer remain unclear. In the past few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have been demonstrated to play critical roles in biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism, highlighting their importance in disease development and suppression and as therapeutic targets. miRNA expression levels can be modulated by diet and are involved in cancer and obesity-related diseases. Circulating miRNAs can also mediate cell-to-cell communications. These multiple aspects of miRNAs present challenges in understanding and integrating their mechanism of action. Here, we introduce a general consideration of the associations between diet, obesity, and cancer and review the current knowledge of the molecular functions of miRNA in each context. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between diet, obesity, and cancer could be valuable for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurataka Otsuka
- Tokyo NODAI Research Institure, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan; R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan; Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nishiyama
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuriki
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawada
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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Fatima S, Khan DA, Fatima F, Aamir M, Ijaz A, Hafeez A. Role of δ-tocotrienol and resveratrol supplementation in the regulation of micro RNAs in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2023; 74:102950. [PMID: 37086927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of δ-tocotrienol and resveratrol mixture (TRM) supplementation in comparison to placebo for 24 weeks, on the relative expression of miRNAs (miRNA-130b-5p, miRNA-221-5p, miR-15b-5p, miRNA-122-5p, and miRNA-376b-5p) in patients with Metabolic syndrome (MetS). DESIGN This randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted at the tertiary care institute of the NUMS, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. A total of 82 adult MetS patients were enrolled and randomly grouped into the TRM group (n=41) and the Placebo group (n=41). Patients in the TRM group were given 400mg capsules (δ-tocotrienol 250mg; Resveratrol 150mg) and placebo received (cellulose 400mg capsule) twice daily for 24 weeks. RESULTS The TRM supplementation revealed a significant (p<0.001) upregulation of 3.05-fold in miRNA-130b-5p and 2.45-fold in miRNA-221-5p while miRNA-122-5p was downregulated by 2.22-fold as compared to placebo. No significant difference was observed in miRNA-15b-5p and miRNA-376b-5p. Moreover, TRM group participants with reverted MetS had significantly (p<0.05) upregulated miRNA-130b-5p, miRNA-221-5p, and downregulated miRNA-122-5p relative to non-reverted patients with MetS. CONCLUSION Daily TRM supplementation may improve metabolic syndrome by upregulated miR-130b-5p, which is involved in central obesity and inflammation, as well as miR-221-5p, which is involved in insulin resistance. Additionally, TRM downregulate of miRNA 122, which improved dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Fatima
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | | | - Fozia Fatima
- Department of Health Professions Education, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP).
| | - Aamir Ijaz
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP).
| | - Ayesha Hafeez
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP).
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Recent Advances in the Knowledge of the Mechanisms of Leptin Physiology and Actions in Neurological and Metabolic Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021422. [PMID: 36674935 PMCID: PMC9860943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is frequently associated with low-grade inflammation. Evidence indicates a relationship between obesity and cancer, as well as with other diseases, such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in which inflammation and the actions of various adipokines play a role in the pathological mechanisms involved in these disorders. Leptin is mainly produced by adipose tissue in proportion to fat stores, but it is also synthesized in other organs, where leptin receptors are expressed. This hormone performs numerous actions in the brain, mainly related to the control of energy homeostasis. It is also involved in neurogenesis and neuroprotection, and central leptin resistance is related to some neurological disorders, e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In peripheral tissues, leptin is implicated in the regulation of metabolism, as well as of bone density and muscle mass. All these actions can be affected by changes in leptin levels and the mechanisms associated with resistance to this hormone. This review will present recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of leptin action and their underlying roles in pathological situations, which may be of interest for revealing new approaches for the treatment of diseases where the actions of this adipokine might be compromised.
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Brancaccio M, Giachino C, Iazzetta AM, Cordone A, De Marino E, Affinito O, Vivo M, Calabrò V, Pollice A, Angrisano T. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Novel miRNA as Biomarkers Associated with Preeclampsia. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101781. [PMID: 36292666 PMCID: PMC9601722 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of perinatal maternal-foetal mortality and morbidity. This study aims to identify the key microRNAs (miRNA) in preeclampsia and uncover their potential functions. We downloaded the miRNA expression profile of GSE119799 for plasma and GSE177049 for the placenta. Each dataset consisted of five patients (PE) and five controls (N). From a technical point of view, we analysed the counts per million (CPM) for both datasets, highlighting 358 miRNAs in common, 78 unique for plasma and 298 unique for placenta. At the same time, we performed an expression differential analysis (|logFC| ≥ 1|and FDR ≤ 0.05) to evaluate the biological impact of the miRNAs. This approach allowed us to highlight 321 miRNAs in common between plasma and placenta, within which four were upregulated in plasma. Furthermore, the same analysis revealed five miRNAs expressed exclusively in plasma; these were also upregulated. In conclusion, the in-depth bioinformatics analysis conducted during our study will allow us, on the one hand, to verify the targets of each of the nine identified miRNAs; on the other hand, to use them both as new non-invasive biomarkers and as therapeutic targets for the development of personalised treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (T.A.); Tel.: +39-33-93121924 (M.B.); +39-34-94670474 (T.A.)
| | - Caterina Giachino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Cordone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena De Marino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Affinito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vivo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Viola Calabrò
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pollice
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Angrisano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (T.A.); Tel.: +39-33-93121924 (M.B.); +39-34-94670474 (T.A.)
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Zhong Y, Zhuang Z, Mo P, Lin M, Gong J, Huang J, Mo H, Lu Y, Huang M. Overexpression of SKA3 correlates with poor prognosis in female early breast cancer. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12506. [PMID: 34993016 PMCID: PMC8675262 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and the progression of various tumors. But the relationship between SKA3 and early breast cancer remains unclear. The study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of SKA3 in breast cancer. METHODS In the study, SKA3 expression was initially assessed using the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Then, we presented validation results for RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The relationship between clinical characteristics and SKA3 expression was assessed by Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of SKA3. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to screen biological pathways using the TCGA dataset. Besides, single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was utilized to identify immune infiltration cells about SKA3. RESULTS SKA3 mRNA was expressed at high levels in breast cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test showed SKA3 expression was related to age, tumor (T) classification, node (N) classification, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), molecular subtype, and race. RT-qPCR results showed that SKA3 expression was overexpressed in ER, PR status, and molecular subtype in Chinese people. Kaplan-Meier curves implicated that high SKA3 expression was related to a poor prognosis in female early breast cancer patients. Cox regression models showed that high SKA3 expression could be used as an independent risk factor for female early breast cancer. Four signaling pathways were enriched in the high SKA3 expression group, including mTORC1 signaling pathway, MYC targets v1, mitotic spindle, estrogen response early. Besides, the SKA3 expression level was associate with infiltrating levels of activated CD4 T cells and eosinophils in breast cancer. CONCLUSION High SKA3 expression correlates with poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in breast cancer. SKA3 may become a biomarker for the prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhuang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiju Mo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mandi Lin
- Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqian Gong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiarong Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Mo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyun Lu
- Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Rajarajan D, Natesh J, Penta D, Meeran SM. Dietary Piperine Suppresses Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Regulating the miR-181c-3p/ PPARα Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15562-15574. [PMID: 34905918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte-derived leptin activates multiple oncogenic signaling, leading to breast cancer cell progression and metastasis. Hence, finding effective strategies to inhibit the oncogenic effects of leptin would provide a novel approach for disrupting obesity-associated breast cancer. In the current study, we explored the role of piperine, a major plant alkaloid from Piper nigrum (black pepper), against leptin-induced breast cancer. Piperine treatment significantly inhibited leptin-induced breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. We found that piperine downregulated the expression of PPARα, a predicted target of miR-181c-3p. Mechanistically, piperine potentiates miR-181c-3p-mediated anticancer potential in leptin-induced breast cancer cells. Interestingly, the knockdown of PPARα reduced the proliferative potential of leptin-induced breast cancer cells. Further, oral administration of piperine inhibited breast tumor growth in diet-induced obese mice, accompanied by the upregulation of miR-181c-3p and downregulation of PPARα expression. Together, piperine represents a potential candidate for further development as an anticancer agent for treating obesity-associated breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeran Rajarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jagadish Natesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dhanamjai Penta
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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9
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Overexpression of MAL2 Correlates with Immune Infiltration and Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5557873. [PMID: 34567213 PMCID: PMC8457941 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5557873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Myelin and lymphocyte, T cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) is highly expressed in various cancers and associated with the development and prognosis of cancer. However, the relationship between MAL2 and breast cancer requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of MAL2 in breast cancer. Methods MAL2 expression was initially assessed using the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to explore the association between clinical characteristics and MAL2 expression. The prognostic value of MAL2 in breast cancer was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the biological pathways correlated with MAL2 expression in breast cancer. Besides, a single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was used to assess the relationship between the level of immune infiltration and MAL2 in breast cancer. Results Both bioinformatics and RT-qPCR results showed that MAL2 was expressed at high levels in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test indicated that MAL2 expression was related to stage, M classification, and vital status. Kaplan–Meier curves implicated that high MAL2 expression was significantly associated with the poor prognosis. Cox regression models showed that high MAL2 expression could be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. GSEA showed that 14 signaling pathways were enriched in the high-MAL2-expression group. Besides, the MAL2 expression level negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer. Conclusion Overexpression of MAL2 correlates with poor prognosis and lower immune infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer and may become a biomarker for breast cancer prognosis.
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Tommasi C, Pellegrino B, Boggiani D, Sikokis A, Michiara M, Uliana V, Bortesi B, Bonatti F, Mozzoni P, Pinelli S, Squadrilli A, Viani MV, Cassi D, Maglietta G, Meleti M, Musolino A. Biological Role and Clinical Implications of microRNAs in BRCA Mutation Carriers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700853. [PMID: 34552867 PMCID: PMC8450578 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with pathogenic germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have an increased risk to develop breast and ovarian cancer. There is, however, a high interpersonal variability in the modality and timing of tumor onset in those subjects, thus suggesting a potential role of other individual’s genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors in modulating the penetrance of BRCA mutations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that can modulate the expression of several genes involved in cancer initiation and progression. MiRNAs are dysregulated at all stages of breast cancer and although they are accessible and evaluable, a standardized method for miRNA assessment is needed to ensure comparable data analysis and accuracy of results. The aim of this review was to highlight the role of miRNAs as potential biological markers for BRCA mutation carriers. In particular, biological and clinical implications of a link between lifestyle and nutritional modifiable factors, miRNA expression and germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are discussed with the knowledge of the best available scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tommasi
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Pellegrino
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Boggiani
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
| | - Angelica Sikokis
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Michiara
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Vera Uliana
- Medical Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bortesi
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonatti
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Mozzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Squadrilli
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Viani
- Dental School, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Diana Cassi
- Unit of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maglietta
- GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy.,Research and Innovation Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Meleti
- Dental School, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonino Musolino
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,GOIRC (Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica), Parma, Italy
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11
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Rajarajan D, Kaur B, Penta D, Natesh J, Meeran SM. miR-145-5p as a predictive biomarker for breast cancer stemness by computational clinical investigation. Comput Biol Med 2021; 135:104601. [PMID: 34186326 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast tumors enriched with breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), play a crucial role in metastasis and tumor relapse. Hence, targeting BCSCs may lead to efficacious breast cancer therapy. BCSCs have a unique expression of stemness markers, including Nanog, POU5F1, SOX2, and CD44, which play a vital role in cancer stem cell properties. However, the regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs)-mediated cancer stem cell marker expressions is largely unclear. METHODS MIENTURNET was used to predict miRNA-target interactions. miR-TV, UALCAN and GEPIA databases were used to analyze the expression of miR-145-5p and SOX2. Survival analysis was obtained by cBioportal, KM plotter and Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner. RNAComposer was used to perform miRNA-mRNA duplex prediction. In vitro mRNA and miRNA analysis was performed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS It was observed that miR-145-5p was the common miRNA targeting stemness markers. miR-145-5p expression was found to be lower in breast cancer patients compared to healthy subjects. Based on survival analysis, low expression of miR-145-5p and high expression of SOX2 led to a poor overall survival rate in breast cancer patients. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that SOX2 was highly enriched with transcription factors. Moreover, SOX2 expression level was also upregulated in axillary metastatic lymph nodules. Further, in vitro ectopic expression of miR-145-5p by its mimic downregulated the SOX2 expression compared to the control mimic. Overall, SOX2 was a direct target for miR-145-5p as per the binding and minimal-free energy. CONCLUSIONS In this study, miR-145-5p targeting SOX2 was identified as a potential predictive biomarker for breast cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeran Rajarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Bhavjot Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhanamjai Penta
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Jagadish Natesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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12
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Fodor A, Lazar AL, Buchman C, Tiperciuc B, Orasan OH, Cozma A. MicroRNAs: The Link between the Metabolic Syndrome and Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126337. [PMID: 34199293 PMCID: PMC8231835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of a plethora of conditions, in particular type two diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancers. MetS is a complex entity characterized by a chronic inflammatory state that implies dysregulations of adipokins and proinflammatory cytokins together with hormonal and growth factors imbalances. Of great interest is the implication of microRNA (miRNA, miR), non-coding RNA, in cancer genesis, progression, and metastasis. The adipose tissue serves as an important source of miRs, which represent a novel class of adipokines, that play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Altered miRs secretion in the adipose tissue, in the context of MetS, might explain their implication in the oncogenesis. The interplay between miRs expressed in adipose tissue, their dysregulation and cancer pathogenesis are still intriguing, taking into consideration the fact that miRNAs show both carcinogenic and tumor suppressor effects. The aim of our review was to discuss the latest publications concerning the implication of miRs dysregulation in MetS and their significance in tumoral signaling pathways. Furthermore, we emphasized the role of miRNAs as potential target therapies and their implication in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrtion, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrada Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristina Buchman
- Department of Oncology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Brandusa Tiperciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
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13
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Lin YC, Chen TH, Huang YM, Wei PL, Lin JC. Involvement of microRNA in Solid Cancer: Role and Regulatory Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040343. [PMID: 33805515 PMCID: PMC8065716 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as the post-transcriptional factor that finetunes the gene expression by targeting to the specific candidate. Mis-regulated expression of miRNAs consequently disturbs gene expression profile, which serves as the pivotal mechanism involved in initiation or progression of human malignancy. Cancer-relevant miRNA is potentially considered the therapeutic target or biomarker toward the precise treatment of cancer. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism underlying the altered expression of miRNA in cancer is largely uncovered. Detailed knowledge regarding the influence of miRNAs on solid cancer is critical for exploring its potential of clinical application. Herein, we elucidate the regulatory mechanism regarding how miRNA expression is manipulated and its impact on the pathogenesis of distinct solid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Tso-Hsiao Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Min Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (P.-L.W.); (J.-C.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3330) (J.-C.L.)
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (P.-L.W.); (J.-C.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3330) (J.-C.L.)
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14
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Cellular and Molecular Players in the Interplay between Adipose Tissue and Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031359. [PMID: 33572982 PMCID: PMC7866411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and severity of obesity are rising in most of the world. In addition to metabolic disorders, obesity is associated with an increase in the incidence and severity of a variety of types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC). The bidirectional interaction between BC and adipose cells has been deeply investigated, although the molecular and cellular players involved in these mechanisms are far from being fully elucidated. Here, we review the current knowledge on these interactions and describe how preclinical research might be used to clarify the effects of obesity over BC progression and morbidity, with particular attention paid to promising therapeutic interventions.
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15
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Taroeno-Hariadi KW, Hardianti MS, Sinorita H, Aryandono T. Obesity, leptin, and deregulation of microRNA in lipid metabolisms: their contribution to breast cancer prognosis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:10. [PMID: 33482868 PMCID: PMC7821690 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome have been associated with cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer incidence. Obesity is a state of inflammation. There are cross-talks between adipocyte, adipokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, insulin, leptin, and other growth factors to initiate signals for proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Those networks lead to cancer initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis. Post menopause women with breast cancer commonly have overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, which are previously reported as conditions to be associated with breast cancer prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression, are known to play important roles either in metabolic or carcinogenesis process in patients with breast cancer. Some miRNAs expressions are deregulated in persons either with obesity, breast cancer, or breast cancer with co-morbid obesity. This literature review aimed at reviewing recent publications on the role of obesity, leptin, and microRNA deregulation in adverse prognosis of breast cancer. Understanding the influence of deregulated miRNAs and their target genes in patients with breast cancer and obesity will direct more studies to explore the potential prognostic role of obesity in breast cancer from epigenetic points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika W Taroeno-Hariadi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Farmako Street, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Mardiah S Hardianti
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Farmako Street, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Hemi Sinorita
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Aryandono
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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16
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Dogan H, Shu J, Hakguder Z, Xu Z, Cui J. Elucidation of molecular links between obesity and cancer through microRNA regulation. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:161. [PMID: 33121472 PMCID: PMC7596939 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity contributes to high cancer risk in humans and the mechanistic links between these two pathologies are not yet understood. Recent emerging evidence has associated obesity and cancer with metabolic abnormalities and inflammation where microRNA regulation has a strong implication. Methods In this study, we have developed an integrated framework to unravel obesity-cancer linkage from a microRNA regulation perspective. Different from traditional means of identifying static microRNA targets based on sequence and structure properties, our approach focused on the discovery of context-dependent microRNA-mRNA interactions that are potentially associated with disease progression via large-scale genomic analysis. Specifically, a meta-regression analysis and the integration of multi-omics information from obesity and cancers were presented to investigate the microRNA regulation in a dynamic and systematic manner. Results Our analysis has identified a total number of 2,143 unique microRNA-gene interactions in obesity and seven types of cancer. Common interactions in obesity and obesity-associated cancers are found to regulate genes in key metabolic processes such as fatty acid and arachidonic acid metabolism and various signaling pathways related to cell growth and inflammation. Additionally, modulated co-regulations among microRNAs targeting the same functional processes were reflected through the analysis. Conclusion We demonstrated the statistical modeling of microRNA-mediated gene regulation can facilitate the association study between obesity and cancer. The entire framework provides a powerful tool to understand multifaceted gene regulation in complex human diseases that can be generalized in other biomedical applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1186/s12920-020-00797-8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haluk Dogan
- Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68588-0115, NE, USA
| | - Jiang Shu
- Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68588-0115, NE, USA
| | - Zeynep Hakguder
- Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68588-0115, NE, USA
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wright State University, Dayton, 45435, OH, USA
| | - Juan Cui
- Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68588-0115, NE, USA.
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17
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Rakhmetullina A, Pyrkova A, Aisina D, Ivashchenko A. In silico prediction of human genes as potential targets for rice miRNAs. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 87:107305. [PMID: 32570176 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) enter the human body through food, and their effects on metabolic processes can be considerable. It is important to determine which miRNAs from plants affect the expression of human genes and the extent of their influence. METHOD The binding sites of 738Oryza sativa miRNAs (osa-miRNAs) that interact with 17 508 mRNAs of human genes were determined using the MirTarget program. RESULT The characteristics of the binding of 46 single osa-miRNAs to 86 mRNAs of human genes with a value of free energy (ΔG) interaction equal 94%-100% from maximum ΔG were established. The findings showed that osa-miR2102-5p, osa-miR5075-3p, osa-miR2097-5p, osa-miR2919 targeted the largest number of genes at 38, 36, 23, 19 sites, respectively. mRNAs of 86 human genes were identified as targets for 93 osa-miRNAs of all family osa-miRNAs with ΔG values equal 94%-98% from maximum ΔG. Each miRNA of the osa-miR156-5p, osa-miR164-5p, osa-miR168-5p, osa-miR395-3p, osa-miR396-3p, osa-miR396-5p, osa-miR444-3p, osa-miR529-3p, osa-miR1846-3p, osa-miR2907-3p families had binding sites in mRNAs of several human target genes. The binding sites of osa-miRNAs in mRNAs of the target genes for each family of osa-miRNAs were conserved when compared to flanking nucleotide sequences. CONCLUSION Target mRNA human genes of osa-miRNAs are also candidate genes of cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhan Rakhmetullina
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Anna Pyrkova
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Dana Aisina
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Anatoliy Ivashchenko
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan.
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18
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Pedroza-Torres A, Romero-Córdoba SL, Justo-Garrido M, Salido-Guadarrama I, Rodríguez-Bautista R, Montaño S, Muñiz-Mendoza R, Arriaga-Canon C, Fragoso-Ontiveros V, Álvarez-Gómez RM, Hernández G, Herrera LA. MicroRNAs in Tumor Cell Metabolism: Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1404. [PMID: 31921661 PMCID: PMC6917641 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated metabolism is a common feature of cancer cells and is considered a hallmark of cancer. Altered tumor-metabolism confers an adaptive advantage to cancer cells to fulfill the high energetic requirements for the maintenance of high proliferation rates, similarly, reprogramming metabolism confers the ability to grow at low oxygen concentrations and to use alternative carbon sources. These phenomena result from the dysregulated expression of diverse genes, including those encoding microRNAs (miRNAs) which are involved in several metabolic and tumorigenic pathways through its post-transcriptional-regulatory activity. Further, the identification of key actionable altered miRNA has allowed to propose novel targeted therapies to modulated tumor-metabolism. In this review, we discussed the different roles of miRNAs in cancer cell metabolism and novel miRNA-based strategies designed to target the metabolic machinery in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Pedroza-Torres
- Cátedra CONACyT-Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra L Romero-Córdoba
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Justo-Garrido
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iván Salido-Guadarrama
- Biología Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Rodríguez-Bautista
- Unidad de Oncología Torácica y Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sarita Montaño
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (FCQB-UAS), Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Muñiz-Mendoza
- Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristian Arriaga-Canon
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Greco Hernández
- Laboratorio de Traducción y Cáncer, Unidad de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolgía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis A Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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Gholami M, Larijani B, Zahedi Z, Mahmoudian F, Bahrami S, Omran SP, Saadatian Z, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Taslimi R, Bastami M, Amoli MM. Inflammation related miRNAs as an important player between obesity and cancers. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:675-692. [PMID: 31890692 PMCID: PMC6915181 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The growing trend in addition to their burden, prevalence, and death has made obesity and cancer two of the most concerning diseases worldwide. Obesity is an important risk factor for common types of cancers where the risk of some cancers is directly related to the obesity. Various inflammatory mechanisms and increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been investigated in many previous studies, which play key roles in the pathophysiology and development of both of these conditions. On the other hand, in the recent years, many studies have individually focused on the biomarker's role and therapeutic targeting of microRNAs (miRNAs) in different types of cancers and obesity including newly discovered small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) which regulate gene expression and RNA silencing. This study is a comprehensive review of the main inflammation related miRNAs in obesity/obesity related traits. For the first time, the main roles of miRNAs in obesity related cancers have been discussed in response to the question raised in the following hypothesis; do the main inflammatory miRNAs link obesity with obesity-related cancers regarding their role as biomarkers? Graphical abstractConceptual design of inflammatory miRNAs which provide link between obesity and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Gholami
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhila Zahedi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mahmoudian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Parvizi Omran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Saadatian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Taslimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa M. Amoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Agurs-Collins T, Ross SA, Dunn BK. The Many Faces of Obesity and Its Influence on Breast Cancer Risk. Front Oncol 2019; 9:765. [PMID: 31555578 PMCID: PMC6737012 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk of breast and other cancers. However, the complexity of the underlying mechanisms, together with the interplay of diet and physical activity—contributing to energy balance—and the role of adipose tissue, pose challenges to our understanding of the basis of this increased risk. Epidemiologic studies have documented a higher obesity prevalence in US black women compared to white women. Elucidation of the contribution of potential biological differences among racially distinct groups to their differences in breast cancer (BC) risk and mortality have been topics of considerable interest in recent years. The racial and ethnic variation in body fat distribution may account for at least part of the differences in breast cancer rates in these populations. Yet, while black women exhibit higher rates of obesity compared to white women, this does not translate directly into higher rates of BC. In fact, overall, BC in black women occurs with a lower incidence than BC in white women. Obesity is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, and growing evidence suggests that abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, may increase risk for triple negative breast cancer, which is more common in premenopausal women. The positive association of postmenopausal BC risk and specifically estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BC, is presumably due largely to accumulation of estrogen in the adipose tissue of the breast and other tissues. Of the two main types of adipose tissue—subcutaneous and visceral—visceral adipocytes are more active metabolically. Such adipose tissue harbors multiple molecular entities that promote carcinogenesis: endocrine molecules/hormones, immunologic factors, inflammatory cytokines, metabolic alterations, and other components of the microenvironment. Expression of these culpable entities is largely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. The interrelationship between these entities and drivers of epigenetic alteration are critical to the regulation of pathways connecting obesity and cancer risk. Initiatives to counteract the carcinogenic effects of obesity have primarily involved modulation of energy balance by diet. However, targeting of specific molecular abnormalities characterizing adiposity offers an alternative approach to preventing cancer. Our goal in this review is to first discuss the major mechanisms contributing to the obesity-breast cancer link. We will also consider race, specifically black/white differences, as they relate to the association of obesity with breast cancer risk. Then we will enumerate strategies targeting these mechanisms to reduce BC risk, in large part by way of dietary interventions with potential to mitigate the cancer-promoting components of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Agurs-Collins
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Sharon A Ross
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Barbara K Dunn
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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21
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Circular RNA hsa_circ_0006848 Related to Ribosomal Protein L6 Acts as a Novel Biomarker for Early Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:3863458. [PMID: 31565098 PMCID: PMC6746163 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3863458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be widely involved in pathological processes of various cancers. However, little is known about their diagnostic values in early gastric cancer (EGC). This study is aimed at exploring whether circulating circRNAs in plasma could act as biomarkers for EGC diagnosis. Materials and Methods Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed to identify the proteins that at significantly aberrantly levels in gastric cancer (GC) tissues. The target circRNA was identified by bioinformatics analysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to evaluate the diagnostic utility. Results MS revealed that the ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6) expression was significantly downregulated only in EGC tissues vs. nontumorous tissues; this was validated by western blotting (n = 30, p = 0.0094). Bioinformatics analysis predicted that there is a hsa_circ_0006848/hsa_miR-329-5p/RPL6 axis in GC progression. The hsa_circ_0006848 expression was significantly downregulated in EGC tissues (vs. nontumorous tissues, n = 30, p = 0.0073) and plasma samples from EGC patients (vs. paired healthy volunteers, n = 30, p = 0.0089). In addition, the hsa_circ_0006848 plasma level in postoperative patients was significantly higher than that of preoperative patients (n = 30, p = 0.047). Furthermore, the decreased hsa_circ_0006848 expression in plasma was negatively correlated with poor differentiation (p = 0.037) and tumor size (p = 0.046). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of hsa_circ_0006848 in plasma was 0.733, suggesting a good diagnostic value. The plasma hsa_circ_0006848 level combined with the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate-associated antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carbohydrate-associated antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) level increased the AUC to 0.825. Conclusion Our results indicated that plasma hsa_circ_0006848 may be a novel noninvasive biomarker in EGC diagnosis.
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22
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Ghasemi A, Hashemy SI, Azimi-Nezhad M, Dehghani A, Saeidi J, Mohtashami M. The cross-talk between adipokines and miRNAs in health and obesity-mediated diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 499:41-53. [PMID: 31476303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have revealed a direct correlation between obesity and the development of multiple comorbidities, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disorders, chronic inflammatory disease, and cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the link between obesity and the progression of these diseases is not completely understood. Adipokines are factors that are secreted by adipocytes and play a key role in whole body homeostasis. Collaboratively, miRNAs are suggested to have key functions in the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders. Based on recently emerging evidence, obesity leads to the dysregulation of both adipokines and obesity-related miRNAs. In the present study, we described the correlations between obesity and its related diseases that are mediated by the mutual regulatory effects of adipokines and miRNAs. METHODS We reviewed current knowledge of the modulatory effects of adipokines on miRNAs activity and their relevant functions in pathological conditions and vice versa. RESULTS Our research reveals the ability of adipokines and miRNAs to control the expression and activity of the other class of molecules, and their effects on obesity-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study may help researchers develop a roadmap for future investigations and provide opportunities to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic methods for treating obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV, Interactions Gène-Environment en Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Alireza Dehghani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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The Effects of Adipocytes on the Regulation of Breast Cancer in the Tumor Microenvironment: An Update. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080857. [PMID: 31398937 PMCID: PMC6721665 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global pandemic and it is well evident that obesity is associated with the development of many disorders including many cancer types. Breast cancer is one of that associated with a high mortality rate. Adipocytes, a major cellular component in adipose tissue, are dysfunctional during obesity and also known to promote breast cancer development both in vitro and in vivo. Dysfunctional adipocytes can release metabolic substrates, adipokines, and cytokines, which promote proliferation, progression, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells. The secretion of adipocytes can alter gene expression profile, induce inflammation and hypoxia, as well as inhibit apoptosis. It is known that excessive free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, hormones, leptin, interleukins, and chemokines upregulate breast cancer development. Interestingly, adiponectin is the only adipokine that has anti-tumor properties. Moreover, adipocytes are also related to chemotherapeutic resistance, resulting in the poorer outcome of treatment and advanced stages in breast cancer. Evaluation of the adipocyte secretion levels in the circulation can be useful for prognosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of cancer therapy in the patients. Therefore, understanding about functions of adipocytes as well as obesity in breast cancer may reveal novel targets that support the development of new anti-tumor therapy. In this systemic review, we summarize and update the effects of secreted factors by adipocytes on the regulation of breast cancer in the tumor microenvironment.
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Rajarajan D, Selvarajan S, Charan Raja MR, Kar Mahapatra S, Kasiappan R. Genome-wide analysis reveals miR-3184-5p and miR-181c-3p as a critical regulator for adipocytes-associated breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17959-17974. [PMID: 30847933 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is considered as an independent risk factor for breast cancer (BCa) and plays a major role in the breast tumor microenvironment. The etiology and mechanisms by which obesity contributes to BCa development is not yet understood. Herein, we show that in vitro coculture of BCa cells with mature adipocytes (MA-BCa) increased proliferation, migration, and invasive phenotype of BCa cells. MA-BCa coculture led to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. To identify microRNAs (miRNAs) in BCa cells that are modulated by the presence of adipocytes, we used small RNA sequencing analysis. Sequencing data revealed that 98 miRNAs were differentially expressed in MA-BCa. Among them, miR-3184-5p and miR-181c-3p were found to be the most upregulated and downregulated miRNAs, and direct targets are FOXP4 and PPARα, respectively. In vitro functional assays using a combination of miR-3184-5p inhibitor and miR-181c-3p mimic synergistically decreased adipocytes-induced cell proliferation and invasive capacity of BCa cells. Gene Set Enrichment analysis indicated that transcription factors were highly enriched followed by protein kinases, oncogene, and protein regulators in MA-BCa. GeneGo Metacore pathway analysis uncovered "NOTCH-induced EMT pathway" was found to be the most abundant in MA-BCa. Consistently, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated markers were also increased in MA-BCa. The disease enrichment analysis of the predict target genes revealed that diabetes mellitus was significantly affected disease in MA-BCa. Taken together, our data suggest that miRNA-based regulatory mechanism associated with deregulation of pathways and biological functions orchestrated by adipocytes-secreted factors might drive the BCa progression and metastasis in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeran Rajarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sweetha Selvarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, The Graduate Centre of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York
| | - Mamilla R Charan Raja
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed To Be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Santanu Kar Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed To Be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Ravi Kasiappan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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25
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Luo X, Yu H, Song Y, Sun T. Integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic data reveals metabolic pathway alteration in breast cancer and impact of related signature on survival. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13021-13031. [PMID: 30556899 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Breast Surgery China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
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26
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Wang L, Wang R, Ye Z, Wang Y, Li X, Chen W, Zhang M, Cai C. PVT1 affects EMT and cell proliferation and migration via regulating p21 in triple-negative breast cancer cells cultured with mature adipogenic medium. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1211-1218. [PMID: 30371726 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive adiposity has long been proved to be associated with greater incidence and mortality of breast cancer in post-menopausal women. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of human adipocytes on breast cancer cells remain largely unknown. In recent years, several reports have revealed the oncogenic role of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in breast cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of PVT1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells cultured with mature adipogenic medium. At first, we successfully induced adipogenic differentiation from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and collected the mature adipogenic medium to mimic excessive adiposity. Our results demonstrated that the mature adipogenic medium promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, enhanced the cell viability and migration potential of TNBC cells. In addition, we proved that mature adipogenic medium affected the PVT1 expression and inhibition of the PVT1 disturbed the role of mature adipogenic medium in TNBC cells. Finally, we illustrated that repression of p21 restored the phenotype caused by PVT1 knockdown in TNBC cells treated with mature adipogenic medium. Taken together, our results demonstrated that PVT1 affected the role of mature adipogenic medium in TNBC cells via modulating p21 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Wang
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weizhen Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheguo Cai
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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27
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Liu X, Xu T, Hu X, Chen X, Zeng K, Sun L, Wang S. Elevated circulating miR-182 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for early colorectal cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:857-865. [PMID: 29731665 PMCID: PMC5927061 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s158016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers with high mortality. Although CRC patients in stages I–II are curable after surgical resection, due to the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers, many patients are in the advanced stages when diagnosed. This study aimed to investigate whether circulating miRNAs in plasma could act as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis. Patients and methods All healthy subjects and patients were from Nanjing First Hospital. We first selected 2 differential miRNAs by integrated analysis of 4 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Next, the expression of these 2 miRNAs in tissue and plasma samples were examined through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Training phase and validation phase were designed to investigate the diagnostic utility of these differential miRNAs using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results After integrated analysis of 4 GEO and TCGA databases, upregulated miR-182 and miR-20a were selected to further investigate their diagnostic potential for CRC. We discovered that miR-182 and miR-20a were upregulated in CRC tissue and plasma and that circulating miR-182 and miR-20a in the plasma of CRC patients were tumor derived. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of circulating miR-182 was 0.929 (95% CI 0.875–0.983) in the training phase and 0.891 (95% CI 0.821–0.961) in the validation phase. The AUC of circulating miR-20a expression was 0.801 (95% CI 0.695–0.906) in the training phase and 0.736 (95% CI 0.631–0.842) in the validation phase. Conclusion Circulating miR-182 is a novel potential biomarker for early CRC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Hu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoXiang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Zeng
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shukui Wang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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