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Liao Y, Zhou W, Dai M, Zhou J, Wang Y, He X, Liu Y, Cheng W. Analysis of the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy in the treatment of benign or low-grade malignant tumors of the pancreas. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1231647. [PMID: 38023120 PMCID: PMC10652557 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1231647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy in the treatment of benign and junctional tumors of the pancreas. Methods Retrospective analysis of basic data, tumor diameter, statistical analysis, and evaluation of efficacy-related indicators such as operative time, intraoperative bleeding, pathological findings, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative pancreatic fistula incidence, and pancreatic endocrine function was carried out on 17 patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant tumors of the pancreas and laparoscopic middle pancreatic resection from January 2018 to January 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University. Results A total of 17 patients were screened. There were eight males and nine females; mean age was 42.8 ± 17.4 years (range: 15-69 years); BMI was 22.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2 (range: 18.4-27.5 kg/m2), and the tumor size was 3.4 ± 1.2 cm (range: 1.5-5.5 cm). Preoperative glycan antigen CA19-9 was negative and CA125 was negative. Surgical time was 393.2 ± 57.9 min; intraoperative bleeding was 211.7 ± 113.9 ml; tumor diameter size was 3.4 ± 1.2 cm; postoperative admission time was 19.4 ± 7.6 days; postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) grading was 17 cases, including nine cases of A-grade fistula, three cases of B-grade fistula, and none of C-grade fistula; postoperative pathology results were five cases of plasmacytoma, three cases of mucinous cystadenoma, four cases of SPN (solid pseudopapillary neoplasm), one case of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN), three cases of pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (pNEN), one case of inflammatory myofibroblastic osteoblastoma. All cases did not develop pancreatic origin diabetes or exacerbation of previous diabetes, and no cases presented symptoms of exocrine insufficiency such as dyspepsia and diarrhea. Conclusion Laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy is safe and feasible in the treatment of benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the body of the pancreatic neck and is not accompanied by increased risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications and endocrine dysfunction of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Manxiong Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyu He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Hunan Province, Yueyang, Hunan, China
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Khathi A, Dagogo-Jack S. Editorial: Prediabetes and endocrine function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1268552. [PMID: 37664837 PMCID: PMC10471125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1268552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Discipline of Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Guo Y, Pei L, Li Y, Li C, Gui S, Ni M, Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhong L. Characteristics and factors influencing hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction in patients with craniopharyngioma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1180591. [PMID: 37324266 PMCID: PMC10267662 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1180591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor originating from the sellar region. Damages in this area caused by the tumor itself, surgery, or radiotherapy may result in severe hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (HPD) and eventually lead to a significant impairment in the long-term quality of life of patients. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of HPD in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) or papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) and to identify the factors affecting HPD after surgery. Methods In this single-center retrospective study, a total of 742 patients with craniopharyngioma were included. The neuroendocrine function of these patients before and after surgery was investigated. The differences in hypothalamic-pituitary function between the ACP and PCP groups were compared. The factors influencing the aggravation of HPD after surgery were identified. Results The median follow-up after surgery was 15 months. Before surgery, the proportion of patients with diabetes insipidus (DI) and hyperprolactinemia in the PCP group was significantly higher than that in the ACP group (P<0.01), and the proportion of patients with adrenocortical hypofunction in the PCP group was significantly lower than that in the ACP group (P=0.03). Most cases of ACP originated in the sellar region, while most cases of PCP originated in the suprasellar region (P<0.01). More patients experienced adenohypophyseal hypofunction, DI, and hypothalamic obesity at postoperative follow-up than at onset in both the ACP and PCP groups (both P<0.01), with a higher increase observed in the ACP group (P<0.01). Older age at CP onset, tumor recurrence or progression, and ACP type were risk factors for postoperative aggravation of HPD in CP patients. Conclusion Surgical treatment significantly aggravated HPD in both the ACP and PCP groups, but the specific characteristics and risk factors leading to aggravation were different between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Pei
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzheng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunde Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songbai Gui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pinan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyong Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Xiao Y, Wu W, Jin L, Jia Y, Cai K, Qiao N, Cao L, Gui S. Effects of Craniotomy and Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery on Bodyweight in Adult-Onset Craniopharyngioma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041578. [PMID: 36836112 PMCID: PMC9962365 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniopharyngioma (CP) is a histologically benign tumor with high mortality and morbidity. Although surgical treatment is essential in managing CP, the best surgical approach is debated. A retrospective cohort of 117 patients with adult-onset CP (AOCP) treated between 2018 and 2020 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital was identified and examined. The effects of traditional craniotomy (TC) and endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) on the extent of surgical resection, hypothalamic involvement (HI), postoperative endocrine function, and postoperative weight were compared in the cohort. The cohort comprised 43 males and 74 females, divided into the TC (n = 59) and EETS (n = 58) groups. The EETS group possessed a higher rate of gross total resection (GTR) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.08, p = 0.029) and improved HI (aOR = 2.58, p = 0.041) than the TC group. Worse postoperative HI was only observed in the TC group (5 patients). The EETS was associated with fewer adverse hormonal outcomes, including posterior pituitary dysfunction (aOR = 0.386, p = 0.040) and hypopituitarism (aOR = 0.384, p = 0.031). Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that EETS was related to fewer cases of weight gain >5% (aOR = 0.376, p = 0.034), significant weight change (aOR = 0.379, p = 0.022), and postoperative obesity (aOR = 0.259, p = 0.032). Compared to TC, EETS shows advantages in accomplishing GTR, hypothalamus protection, postoperative endocrine function reservation, and postoperative weight control. These data suggest that the EETS deserves more application in managing patients with AOCP.
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Yang Y, Lu Q, Li Z, Wang C, Li Y. A large ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma with adrenal infiltration: a rare case report. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1116684. [PMID: 37168375 PMCID: PMC10165008 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1116684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) originates from the ectopic liver, which refers to a liver organ or tissue unrelated to surrounding tissues. EHCC is a rare disease that lacks specific clinical signs, and preoperative diagnosis is often difficult. In a 61-year-old male patient with positive hepatitis B virus antibody, abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a large heterogenously enhancing mass both on arterial and portal venous phase imaging arising from the right adrenal gland. Similar enhancement features were seen on magnetic resonance imaging. Serum potassium, aldosterone, cortisol, and plasma metanephrines were normal. The tumor markers of serum alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-fetoprotein-L3% were increased to 23.69 ng/mL and 82.1%, respectively. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and operative findings showed that the retroperitoneal tumor was disconnected from the right kidney and the liver, but invaded the right adrenal gland. Immunohistochemical examination showed that Arginase-1 was positive expression, and the retroperitoneal tumor was finally diagnosed as EHCC. We report a rare EHCC with adrenal infiltration that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and mimics a retroperitoneal tumor or adrenal tumor, and we present a review of the literature on EHCC case reports.
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Colmorn LB, Pedersen AT, Larsen EC, Hansen AS, Rosendahl M, Andersen CY, Kristensen SG, Macklon KT. Reproductive and Endocrine Outcomes in a Cohort of Danish Women following Auto-Transplantation of Frozen/Thawed Ovarian Tissue from a Single Center. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235873. [PMID: 36497354 PMCID: PMC9740843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is a method of fertility preservation in girls and young women prior to gonadotoxic treatment. It is a safe and promising method to restore fertility. The initial recovery of endocrine function is high, but the longevity of the grafted tissue varies. In this single-center, combined retro- and prospective cohort study, we report the reproductive outcome and hormonal recovery following ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) and evaluate possible predictors of the chance of pregnancy. The study includes 40 women from eastern Denmark undergoing 53 OTTs between 2003 and 2021. Permission to obtain retrospective data was given by the Danish Patient Safety Authorities and prospective data-collection by informed consent. Initial recovery of endocrine function was seen in 18/19 women with POI, and ongoing function of the grafted tissue in 7/14 two years from OTT. Live birth rate (LBR) was 41%, with 20 children to 39 women trying to conceive. Women who conceived had higher AFC at the time of OTC than women who did not (p ± 0.04). Repeated transplantations were not successful in terms of delivery. Half of all pregnancies were achieved by ART, but PRs were lower after ART than by spontaneous conception. LBRs after OTT are encouraging. Chance of pregnancy after OTT is correlated to ovarian reserve at OTC. Repeated transplantations were not successful in terms of unfulfilled pregnancy wish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte B Colmorn
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette T Pedersen
- Gynecological Department, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth C Larsen
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandra S Hansen
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Rosendahl
- Gynecological Department, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Yding Andersen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Biology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine G Kristensen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Biology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten T Macklon
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mun KS, Nathan JD, Lin TK, Elder DA, Jegga AG, Naren AP, Abu-El-Haija M. Is There a Benefit From Islet Autotransplantation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Total Pancreatectomy? Pancreas 2022; 51:399-403. [PMID: 35775640 PMCID: PMC9260907 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Children with acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis (CP) experience abdominal pain that leads to hospitalizations, opioid dependence, and poor quality of life. Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is offered as a surgical option in management of debilitating pancreatitis that fails medical and endoscopic therapy to reduce or eliminate pain. Given that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) lack insulin-producing β cells, the outcomes from autotransplanting islet isolates back into total pancreatectomy patients with T1DM are not fully known.We performed TPIAT in 2 CP patients who also had a diagnosis of T1DM for at least 6 years before the operation and evaluated the clinical and laboratory outcomes before and after the operation. Postoperatively both patients' abdominal pain had significantly subsided, they were weaned off opioid medications, and they were able to return to full-time school attendance. In addition, total daily dose of insulin in 1 patient was able to be slightly reduced at 12 months post-TPIAT. We observed in vitro that residual α cells and β cells in T1DM islets were able to secrete a small amount of glucagon and insulin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Shik Mun
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaimie D. Nathan
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Abdominal Transplant and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Tom K. Lin
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Deborah A. Elder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Anil G. Jegga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Anjaparavanda P. Naren
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Maisam Abu-El-Haija
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Farup PG, Jansen A, Hestad K, Aaseth JO, Rootwelt H. APOE Polymorphism and Endocrine Functions in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:222. [PMID: 35205269 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an interplay between genes and the environment, including lifestyle. The genetics of obesity is insufficiently understood. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genetic polymorphism has been associated with a wide range of disorders. Knowing that some APOE alleles are associated with obesity and endocrine disorders that are common in obesity, the present study aimed at exploring associations between APOE polymorphisms and endocrine functions in subjects with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS Analyses of hormones in blood collected before and one year after bariatric surgery were examined. The APOE alleles were grouped as follows: E2 = ε2ε2 + ε2ε3; E3 = ε3ε3 + ε2ε4; E4 = ε3ε4 + ε4ε4. The APOE groups were analysed as nominal and ordered groups (E2-E3-E4) with a linear mixed model to predict the hormonal effects of the groups. RESULTS Forty-nine women (79%) and thirteen (21%) men with a mean age of 47.7 (SD 8.5) years were included in the study. The adiponectin level was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the E2 group compared with the E4 group. Adiponectin and cortisol were positively and negatively associated, respectively, with the ordered APOE groups. CONCLUSIONS The ordered APOE groups E2-E3-E4 were significantly associated with high and low levels of adiponectin and cortisol, respectively. The findings indicate APOE-mediated effects on body weight and metabolic functions in subjects with morbid obesity.
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Cui Y, Mo Z, Ji P, Zhong J, Li Z, Li D, Qin L, Liao Q, He Z, Guo W, Chen L, Wang Q, Dong G, Chen W, Xiao Y, Xing X. Benzene Exposure Leads to Lipodystrophy and Alters Endocrine Activity In Vivo and In Vitro. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937281. [PMID: 35909554 PMCID: PMC9326257 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene is a ubiquitous pollutant and mainly accumulates in adipose tissue which has important roles in metabolic diseases. The latest studies reported that benzene exposure was associated with many metabolic disorders, while the effect of benzene exposure on adipose tissue remains unclear. We sought to investigate the effect using in vivo and in vitro experiments. Male adult C57BL/6J mice were exposed to benzene at 0, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight by intragastric gavage for 4 weeks. Mature adipocytes from 3T3-L1 cells were exposed to hydroquinone (HQ) at 0, 1, 5 and 25 μM for 24 hours. Besides the routine hematotoxicity, animal experiments also displayed significant body fat content decrease from 1 mg/kg. Interestingly, the circulating non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) level increased from the lowest dose (ptrend < 0.05). Subsequent analysis indicated that body fat content decrease may be due to atrophy of white adipose tissue (WAT) upon benzene exposure. The average adipocyte area of WAT decreased significantly even from 1 mg/kg with no significant changes in total number of adipocytes. The percentages of small and large adipocytes in WAT began to significantly increase or decrease from 1 mg/kg (all p < 0.05), respectively. Critical genes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis were dysregulated, which may account for the disruption of lipid homeostasis. The endocrine function of WAT was also disordered, manifested as significant decrease in adipokine levels, especially the leptin. In vitro cell experiments displayed similar findings in decreased fat content, dysregulated critical lipid metabolism genes, and disturbed endocrine function of adipocytes after HQ treatment. Pearson correlation analysis showed positive correlations between white blood cell (WBC) count with WAT fat content and plasma leptin level (r = 0.330, 0.344, both p < 0.05). This study shed light on the novel aspect that benzene exposure could induce lipodystrophy and disturb endocrine function of WAT, and the altered physiology of WAT might in turn affect benzene-induced hematotoxicity and metabolic disorders. The study provided new insight into understanding benzene-induced toxicity and the relationship between benzene and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Mo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penglei Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongxin Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Qin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilong Liao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhini He
- School of Public Health, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiumei Xing,
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Ruan X, Cheng J, Du J, Jin F, Gu M, Li Y, Ju R, Wu Y, Wang H, Yang W, Cheng H, Li L, Bai W, Kong W, Yang X, Lv S, Wang Y, Yang Y, Xu X, Jiang L, Li Y, Mueck AO. Analysis of Fertility Preservation by Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation in Pediatric Children in China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:930786. [PMID: 35846295 PMCID: PMC9277002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.930786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is the only method of fertility preservation (FP) in prepubertal girls, but the experience remains limited. This study investigates the effectiveness and feasibility of FP of OTC in children facing gonadotoxicity treatment in Chinese first ovarian tissue cryobank. PROCEDURE OTC and evaluation of 49 children ≤14 years old in the cryobank of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, from July 2017 to May 19, 2022, were analyzed retrospectively. We compared children's general characteristics, follicle numbers, and hormone levels with and without chemotherapy before OTC. RESULTS The age of 49 children at the time of OTC was 7.55 (1-14) years old. There were 23 cases of hematological non-malignant diseases, eight cases of hematological malignant diseases, four cases of gynecological malignant tumors, one case of neurological malignant tumors, one case of bladder cancer, five cases of sarcoma, three cases of mucopolysaccharidosis, one case of metachromatic leukodystrophy, two cases of dermatomyositis, one case of Turner's syndrome. The median follicular count per 2-mm biopsy was 705. Age and AMH were not correlated (r = 0.084, P = 0.585). Age and follicle count per 2-mm biopsy was not correlated (r = -0.128, P = 0.403). Log10 (follicle count per 2-mm biopsy) and Log10 (AMH) were not correlated (r = -0.118, P = 0.456). Chemotherapy before OTC decreased AMH levels but had no significant effect on the number of follicles per 2-mm biopsy. CONCLUSIONS OTC is the only method to preserve the fertility of prepubertal girls, and it is safe and effective. Chemotherapy before OTC is not a contraindication to OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Ruan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyan Ruan,
| | - Jiaojiao Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyu Jin
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muqing Gu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanglu Li
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Ju
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yurui Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Huanmin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpei Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shulan Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuejiao Wang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Alfred O. Mueck
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tuebingen, University Women’s Hospital and Research Centre for Women’s Health, Tuebingen, Germany
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11
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Abstract
This review aimed to discuss the anatomical properties of the left atrial appendage (LAA), its relationship with atrial fibrillation (AF), effectiveness of LAA occlusion (LAAO), techniques, and new devices used to perform this procedure. An electronic search was performed to identify studies, in the English language, on LAA management. Searches were performed on PubMed Central, Scopus, and Medline from the dates of database inception to February 2020. For the assessed papers, data were extracted from the reviewed text, tables, and figures, by two independent authors. Anticoagulant therapy for patients with AF has proven beneficial and is highly recommended, but it is challenging for many patients to maintain optimal treatment. Surgery is the most cost-effective option; surgical methods include simple LAA resection, thoracoscopic surgery, and catheter treatment. Each procedure has its advantages and disadvantages, and many prospective studies have been conducted to evaluate various treatment methods. In managing the LAA, dissection of the LAA, such as changes in its shape and size due to remodeling during AF, changes in autonomic nerve function, and thrombosis, must be understood anatomically and physiologically. We believe that early treatment intervention for the LAA should be considered particularly in cases of recurrent AF. Conclusion: SLET under artificial pneumothorax is feasible and safe in minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taira Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Endo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akie Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Asai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Amano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Otlyga D, Tsvetkova E, Junemann O, Saveliev S. Immunohistochemical Characteristics of the Human Carotid Body in the Antenatal and Postnatal Periods of Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8222. [PMID: 34360987 PMCID: PMC8348551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary and ontogenetic development of the carotid body is still understudied. Research aimed at studying the comparative morphology of the organ at different periods in the individual development of various animal species should play a crucial role in understanding the physiology of the carotid body. However, despite more than two centuries of study, the human carotid body remains poorly understood. There are many knowledge gaps in particular related to the antenatal development of this structure. The aim of our work is to study the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the human carotid body in the antenatal and postnatal periods of development. We investigated the human carotid bodies from 1 embryo, 20 fetuses and 13 adults of different ages using samples obtained at autopsy. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of βIII-tubulin and tyrosine hydroxylase in the type I cells and nerve fibers at all periods of ontogenesis; synaptophysin and PGP9.5 in the type I cells in some of the antenatal cases and all of the postnatal cases; 200 kDa neurofilaments in nerve fibers in some of the antenatal cases and all of the postnatal cases; and GFAP and S100 in the type II cells and Schwann cells in some of the antenatal cases and all of the postnatal cases. A high level of tyrosine hydroxylase in the type I cells was a distinctive feature of the antenatal carotid bodies. On the contrary, in the type I cells of adults, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase was significantly lower. Our data suggest that the human carotid body may perform an endocrine function in the antenatal period, while in the postnatal period of development, it loses this function and becomes a chemosensory organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Otlyga
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (E.T.); (O.J.); (S.S.)
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13
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Hernandez A. Spermatogonial Dio3 as a potential germ line sensor for thyroid hormone-driven epigenetic inheritance †. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:613-615. [PMID: 33962462 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone-clearing type 3 deiodinase is located in spermatogonia, where it may serve as a critical modulator of the thyroid hormone exposure of the male germ line and its epigenetic information, with implications for neurodevelopmental and endocrine disorders in subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Hernandez
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Maine Health, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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14
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Mamsen LS, Bøtkjær JA, Kristensen SG, Pors SE, Jeppesen JV, Kumar A, Kalra B, Ernst E, Andersen CY. High Variability of Molecular Isoforms of AMH in Follicular Fluid and Granulosa Cells From Human Small Antral Follicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:617523. [PMID: 33737910 PMCID: PMC7961079 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.617523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the TGF-β superfamily produced by follicular granulosa cells (GCs) in women from late gestation to the end of reproductive life. AMH is thought to inhibit aromatase (i.e., CYP19) expression and decrease the conversion of androgens to oestrogens, especially in small antral follicles before dominance is achieved. Thus, AMH acts as a gatekeeper of ovarian steroidogenesis. However, the exact function and processing of AMH has not been fully elucidated. The present study measured and determined AMH isoforms in human follicular fluid (FF) from small antral follicles and in human GCs using four ELISAs, western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. We evaluated the presence of the following isoforms: full-length AMH precursor (proAMH), cleaved associated AMH (AMHN,C), N-terminal pro-region (AMHN), and active C-terminal (AMHC) AMH. A negative correlation between follicle diameter and the AMH forms was detected. Moreover, western blot analysis detected various AMH forms in both FFs and GCs, which did not match our consensus forms, suggesting an unknown proteolytic processing of AMH. The presence of these new molecular weight isoforms of AMH differs between individual follicles of identical size in the same woman. This study detected several AMH forms in FF and GCs obtained from human small antral follicles, which suggests that intrafollicular processing of AMH is complex and variable. Thus, it may be difficult to develop an antibody-based AMH assay that detects all AMH isoforms. Furthermore, the variability between follicles suggests that designing a recombinant AMH standard will be difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Salto Mamsen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Linn Salto Mamsen,
| | - Jane Alrø Bøtkjær
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stine Gry Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Elisabeth Pors
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janni Vikkelsø Jeppesen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Ansh Labs, LLC, Webster, TX, United States
| | | | - Erik Ernst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Hospital of Randers, Randers, Denmark
| | - Claus Yding Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Raison N, Warrington J, Alnajjar HM, Muneer A, Ahmed K. The role of partial orchidectomy in the management of small testicular tumours: Fertility and endocrine function. Andrology 2020; 8:988-995. [PMID: 32167663 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radical orchidectomy in patients who are subsequently diagnosed with benign testicular tumours represents an overtreatment due to the deleterious effects on endogenous testosterone, fertility and body image. For these reasons, the option of partial orchidectomy (PO) should be considered in certain groups of patients. Patients with bilateral tumours (synchronous or metachronous) or a solitary testis where the lesion is no greater than 30% of the volume of the testis could be considered for a PO. Evidence has shown that PO is effective for small testicular masses with excellent survival and recurrence rates. OBJECTIVES Highlight the feasibility of maintaining post-operative fertility or normal semen parameters and endocrine function following PO. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data for this review were obtained through a search of the PubMed database. Papers were required to be in English and focus on adult human males. RESULTS Eligible and relevant papers were assessed for data regarding fertility, semen parameters and endocrine function following PO for a small testicular mass (STM). CONCLUSION It is possible to preserve both fertility and endocrine function after PO. Although patients may still require adjuvant radiotherapy for concomitant intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) which results in subfertility, endocrine function is still conserved. However, it is possible to postpone radiotherapy and continue with clinical surveillance for the purposes of fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Raison
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jake Warrington
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hussain M Alnajjar
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Urology, Kings College Hospital, Kings Health Partners, London, UK
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16
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Wang L, Zheng S. Pancreatic senescence and its clinical manifestations. Aging Med (Milton) 2020; 3:48-52. [PMID: 32232192 PMCID: PMC7099748 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pancreas is a vital organ which has both endocrine and exocrine functions and plays an essential role in food digestion and glucose metabolism. Pancreatic structure and function undergo a series of changes with aging and senescence. Pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function gradually change, which may lead to conditions such as dyspepsia and diabetes mellitus. Hence, clinicians need to be familiar with the characteristics of pancreatic senescence. This article reviews the manifestations of pancreatic senescence and its significance for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Songbai Zheng
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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17
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk of breast and other cancers. However, the complexity of the underlying mechanisms, together with the interplay of diet and physical activity—contributing to energy balance—and the role of adipose tissue, pose challenges to our understanding of the basis of this increased risk. Epidemiologic studies have documented a higher obesity prevalence in US black women compared to white women. Elucidation of the contribution of potential biological differences among racially distinct groups to their differences in breast cancer (BC) risk and mortality have been topics of considerable interest in recent years. The racial and ethnic variation in body fat distribution may account for at least part of the differences in breast cancer rates in these populations. Yet, while black women exhibit higher rates of obesity compared to white women, this does not translate directly into higher rates of BC. In fact, overall, BC in black women occurs with a lower incidence than BC in white women. Obesity is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, and growing evidence suggests that abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, may increase risk for triple negative breast cancer, which is more common in premenopausal women. The positive association of postmenopausal BC risk and specifically estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BC, is presumably due largely to accumulation of estrogen in the adipose tissue of the breast and other tissues. Of the two main types of adipose tissue—subcutaneous and visceral—visceral adipocytes are more active metabolically. Such adipose tissue harbors multiple molecular entities that promote carcinogenesis: endocrine molecules/hormones, immunologic factors, inflammatory cytokines, metabolic alterations, and other components of the microenvironment. Expression of these culpable entities is largely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. The interrelationship between these entities and drivers of epigenetic alteration are critical to the regulation of pathways connecting obesity and cancer risk. Initiatives to counteract the carcinogenic effects of obesity have primarily involved modulation of energy balance by diet. However, targeting of specific molecular abnormalities characterizing adiposity offers an alternative approach to preventing cancer. Our goal in this review is to first discuss the major mechanisms contributing to the obesity-breast cancer link. We will also consider race, specifically black/white differences, as they relate to the association of obesity with breast cancer risk. Then we will enumerate strategies targeting these mechanisms to reduce BC risk, in large part by way of dietary interventions with potential to mitigate the cancer-promoting components of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Agurs-Collins
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Sharon A Ross
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Barbara K Dunn
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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18
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Taso M, Papadopoulou F, Smith MP, Tsai LL, Mortele KJ, Alsop DC. Pancreatic perfusion modulation following glucose stimulation assessed by noninvasive arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:854-860. [PMID: 31410924 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 100 million adults in the US suffer from prediabetes or type-2 diabetes. Noninvasive imaging of pancreas endocrine function might provide a surrogate marker of β-cell functional integrity loss linked to this disease. PURPOSE To noninvasively assess pancreatic blood-flow modulation following a glucose challenge using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Fourteen adults (30 ± 7 years old, 3M/11F, body mass index [BMI] = 24 ± 3 kg.m-2 ). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T MRI / background-suppressed pseudocontinuous PCASL preparation with single-shot fast-spin-echo (FSE) readout before and after an oral glucose challenge using either fruit juice (n = 7) or over-the-counter glucose gel (n = 7). ASSESSMENT Subjects were fasting prior to initiation of oral stimulation, then dynamic perfusion measurements were performed every 2 minutes for 30 minutes. We quantified absolute blood flow at each timepoint. STATISTICAL TESTS Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by paired t-tests to assess for a significant effect of glucose challenge on measured perfusion. RESULTS Measured basal blood flow was 187 ± 53 mL/100g/min. A significant blood flow increase of +38 ± 26% was observed 10 minutes poststimulation (P < 0.05) and continuing until the end of the experiment. The gel stimulation provided the most consistent results, with an early rise followed by an additional later increase consistent with the known pancreatic insulin response to elevated blood glucose. Across-subject variations in blood flow increase were partially attributable to basal flow, with a negative correlation of r = -0.84 between basal and maximal relative flow increase in the gel group. DATA CONCLUSION ASL can be used to measure pancreatic flow in response to a glucose challenge, which could be linked to insulin release and secretion. This paradigm might be useful to characterize disorders of glucose regulation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:854-860.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Taso
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fotini Papadopoulou
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin P Smith
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leo L Tsai
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Koenraad J Mortele
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Alsop
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Wan S, Chen X, He Y, Yu X. Novel Functions of MicroRNA-17-92 Cluster in the Endocrine System. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 19:191-200. [PMID: 29149826 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666171117125319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-17-92 cluster is coded by MIR17HG in chromosome 13, which is highly conserved in vertebrates. Published literatures have proved that miR-17-92 cluster critically regulates tumorigenesis and metastasis. Recent researches showed that the miR-17-92 cluster also plays novel functions in the endocrine system. OBJECTIVE To summarize recent findings on the physiological and pathological roles of miR-17-92 cluster in bone, lipid and glucose metabolisms. RESULTS MiR-17-92 cluster plays significant regulatory roles in bone development and metabolism through regulating the differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In addition, miR-17- 92 cluster is nearly involved in every aspect of lipid metabolism. Last but not the least, the miR-17-92 cluster is closely bound up with pancreatic beta cell function, development of type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance. However, whether miR-17-92 cluster is involved in the communication among bone, fat and glucose metabolisms remains unknown. CONCLUSION Growing evidence indicates that miR-17-92 cluster plays significant roles in bone, lipid and glucose metabolisms through a variety of signaling pathways. Fully understanding its modulating mechanisms may necessarily facilitate to comprehend the clinical and molecule features of some metabolic disorders such as osteoporosis, arthrosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. It may provide new drug targets to prevent and cure these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041. China
| | - Yuedong He
- Department of Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041. China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041. China
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20
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Guo Y, Wang Y, Ni M, Zhang Y, Zhong L. Comparative evaluation of neuroendocrine dysfunction in children with craniopharyngiomas before and after mass effects are removed. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:127-133. [PMID: 30694793 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of mass effects in situ (MEIS) and after neurosurgery (ANS) on neuroendocrine function in children with craniopharyngioma. Methods We retrospectively investigated 185 cases of children with craniopharyngioma who underwent neurosurgical treatment at the Beijing Tiantan Hospital from 2011 to 2016. The neuroendocrine function of patients was compared before and after tumor removal. Results Compared with the MEIS, the incidence of growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 axis dysfunction (47.03% vs. 57.30%), pituitary-thyroid axis dysfunction (20.00% vs. 50.27%), pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction (18.38% vs. 43.78%) and diabetes insipidus (26.49% vs. 44.86%) was significantly increased in the ANS status. The incidence of hyperprolactinemia significantly decreased from 28.11% in the MEIS status to 20.54% in the ANS status. Compared with the MEIS group, changes in appetite, development of diabetes insipidus, body temperature dysregulation, sleeping disorders, personality abnormalities and cognitive abnormalities were more frequent after ANS, yet no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions Endocrine dysfunction is common in children with craniopharyngioma. Both MEIS and ANS can be harmful to neuroendocrine function, and neurosurgical treatment may increase the level of neuroendocrine dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liyong Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China, Phone: +13661307913
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21
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Abstract
The study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) has gained significant scientific interest since the discovery of functional BAT in adult humans. The thermogenic properties of BAT are well recognized; however, data generated in the last decade in both rodents and humans reveal therapeutic potential for BAT against metabolic disorders and obesity. Here we review the current literature in light of a potential role for BAT in beneficially mediating cardiovascular health. We focus mainly on BAT's actions in obesity, vascular tone, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the recently discovered endocrine factors that have a potential beneficial role in cardiovascular health. These BAT-secreted factors may have a favorable effect against cardiovascular risk either through their metabolic role or by directly affecting the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robrecht Thoonen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allyson G Hindle
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no criterion reference for assessing healthy ageing and this creates difficulties when conducting and comparing research on ageing across studies. A cardinal feature of ageing is loss of function which translates into wide-ranging consequences for the individual and for family, carers and society. We undertook comprehensive reviews of the literature searching for biomarkers of ageing on five ageing-related domains including physical capability and cognitive, physiological and musculoskeletal, endocrine and immune functions. Where available, we used existing systematic reviews, meta-analyses and other authoritative reports such as the recently launched NIH Toolbox for assessment of neurological and behavioural function, which includes test batteries for cognitive and motor function (the latter described here as physical capability). We invited international experts to comment on our draft recommendations. In addition, we hosted an experts workshop in Newcastle, UK, on 22-23 October 2012, aiming to help capture the state-of-the-art in this complex area and to provide an opportunity for the wider ageing research community to critique the proposed panel of biomarkers. DISCUSSION Here we have identified important biomarkers of healthy ageing classified as subdomains of the main areas proposed. Cardiovascular and lung function, glucose metabolism and musculoskeletal function are key subdomains of physiological function. Strength, locomotion, balance and dexterity are key physical capability subdomains. Memory, processing speed and executive function emerged as key subdomains of cognitive function. Markers of the HPA-axis, sex hormones and growth hormones were important biomarkers of endocrine function. Finally, inflammatory factors were identified as important biomarkers of immune function. We present recommendations for a panel of biomarkers that address these major areas of function which decline during ageing. This biomarker panel may have utility in epidemiological studies of human ageing, in health surveys of older people and as outcomes in intervention studies that aim to promote healthy ageing. Further, the inclusion of the same common panel of measures of healthy ageing in diverse study designs and populations may enhance the value of those studies by allowing the harmonisation of surrogate endpoints or outcome measures, thus facilitating less equivocal comparisons between studies and the pooling of data across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Lara
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine and Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Rachel Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
| | - Jack Nissan
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Annie T Ginty
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's University Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Janet M Lord
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine and Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
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Maqdasy S, Bogenmann L, Batisse-Lignier M, Roche B, Franck F, Desbiez F, Tauveron I. Leydig cell tumor in a patient with 49,XXXXY karyotype: a review of literature. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:72. [PMID: 26160035 PMCID: PMC4496935 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
49,XXXXY pentasomy or Fraccaro's syndrome is the most severe variant of Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) affecting about 1/85000 male births. The classical presentation is the triad: mental retardation, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and radio ulnar synostosis. Indeed, the reproductive function of Fraccaro's syndrome is distinguished from KS. Besides, Leydig cell tumors are described in cases of KS, but never documented in the Klinefelter variants.We describe a young adult of 22 years old who presented with hyper gonadotropic hypogonadism, delayed puberty and bilateral micro-cryptorchidism. Chromosomal pentasomy was confirmed since infancy. Bilateral orchidectomy revealed a unilateral well-circumscribed Leydig cell tumor associated with bilateral Leydig cell hyperplasia.Inspired from reporting the first case of Leydig cell tumor in a 49,XXXXY patient, we summarize the particularities of testicular function in 49,XXXXY from one side, and the risk and mechanisms of Leydig cell tumorigenesis in Klinefelter variants on the other side. The histological destructions in 49,XXXXY testes and hypogonadism are more profound than in Klinefelter patients, with early Sertoli, Leydig and germ cell destruction. Furthermore, the risk of Leydigioma development in KS and its variants remains a dilemma. We believe that the risk of Leydigioma is much higher in KS than the general population. By contrast, the risk could be lower in the Klinefelter variants with more than 3 supplementary X chromosomes, owing to an earlier and more profound destruction of Leydig cells rendering them irresponsive to chronic Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwan Maqdasy
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Génétique Reproduction et Développement, BP 10448, 63177, Aubiere, France.
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Jean Perrin, 58 rue Montalembert, F-63011, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Laura Bogenmann
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Marie Batisse-Lignier
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Génétique Reproduction et Développement, BP 10448, 63177, Aubiere, France.
| | - Béatrice Roche
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | - Françoise Desbiez
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Igor Tauveron
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Génétique Reproduction et Développement, BP 10448, 63177, Aubiere, France.
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Pashmakova MB, Bishop MA, Steiner JM, Suchodolski JS, Barr JW. Evaluation of serum thyroid hormones in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2014; 24:264-71. [PMID: 24698053 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis have derangements in serum thyroid hormone concentrations and to evaluate whether such derangements relate to illness severity or outcome. DESIGN Prospective observational study. Dogs hospitalized with SIRS or sepsis between May and December 2010 were included. Serum thyroid hormone concentrations were measured in all dogs. Data obtained on admission were used to calculate the Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE) scores. SETTING University teaching hospital. ANIMALS Twenty-two consecutive client-owned dogs hospitalized with SIRS or sepsis were enrolled; 18 dogs completed the study and 4 dogs were excluded for incomplete data. Forty-nine healthy dogs owned by volunteers were used as controls. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Decreased total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations were documented in all septic and 7/9 dogs with SIRS. Free T4 concentrations were decreased, but were within the reference interval in 12/18 dogs with SIRS or sepsis compared to control dogs (P < 0.001). Dogs with increased APPLE(fast) scores were less likely to survive (P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Dogs with SIRS or sepsis have derangements in measured serum thyroid hormones. No relationships were identified between thyroid hormone concentrations and survival. The APPLE(fast) score was the only variable predictive of poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medora B Pashmakova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
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25
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Wessels Q, Hoogland PVJM, Vorster W. Anatomical evidence for an endocrine activity of the vomeronasal organ in humans. Clin Anat 2014; 27:856-60. [PMID: 24554552 DOI: 10.1002/ca.22382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a well-adjusted chemosensory structure that facilitates social and reproductive behavior in mammals. The existence, locality, and function of this organ in human adults remain a matter of discussion. Most authors now agree that a neuroreceptive function of the adult human VNO can be excluded due to the absence of both neural receptive cells associated with the VNO in other mammals despite the enigmatic reports on the effects of pheromones on human behavior. Adult cadavers form European (Caucasoid) descent were used in this article and parasagittal dissection of the heads allowed access to the nasal septa, which were grossly examined for the VNO openings. Tissue samples were collected, embedded in gelatin and serially sectioned through cryomicrotomy. Nissl staining was performed as well as immunohistochemically stained with an antibody against calcium-binding protein. The findings presented here confirm the bilateral presence of the VNO in adult cadavers and demonstrate morphological connections of VNO receptor cells with the underlying capillaries. In addition, possible endocrine activity associated with the epithelium of this chemosensory structure has been demonstrated by the expression of calcium-binding protein in a part of these receptor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quenton Wessels
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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26
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Xiao G, Yuan X, Yuan J, Krumtally NA, Li Y, Feng C, Liu Q, Peng Z, Li X, Ding X. Pituitary stalk management during the microsurgery of craniopharyngiomas. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1055-1064. [PMID: 24940387 PMCID: PMC3991534 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, 203 patients that had previously undergone microsurgery for craniopharyngiomas (CPs) between 1992 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively on a long-term follow-up basis to investigate the differences in the recurrence rate and endocrine function between patients with preserved and resected pituitary stalks. To summarize the possible outcomes of microsurgery, the 203 patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A that had preserved pituitary stalks and Group B that had undergone resections of the pituitary stalk. Tumor origins and the involvement of the pituitary stalk during surgery were observed. From 2010 onwards, an ultra-electron microscope was used postoperatively to detect whether pituitary stalk specimens were infiltrated or invaded with tumor cells. Long-term follow-up observations of the patients included tumor recurrence, postoperative endocrine dysfunction and visual acuity and field. Among the 203 patients, 175 patients received gross-total resection (GTR) (175/203, 86.2%), 28 patients underwent subtotal resection (28/203, 13.8%) and 34 patients had surgery that preserved the pituitary stalk (34/203, 16.7%). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between Group A (4/34, 11.8%) and the patients in Group B (10/123, 8.1%) who underwent GTR and also received follow-ups. Of the 157 patients who were followed up, 91 individuals underwent endocrine evaluation and the outcome was divided into normal, satisfactory and poor grades. The results for Group A were 5, 18 and 0, respectively, while the results for Group B were 1, 60 and 7, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference between the groups. Pituitary stalk specimens of 15 patients were studied postoperatively using an ultra-electron microscope and all samples showed tumor cells had invaded the pituitary stalk (15/15, 100%). Total resections of CPs with the pituitary stalk were recommended if the pituitary stalk was intraoperatively invaded. In cases where the pituitary stalk was not involved, microsurgical excisions preserving the pituitary stalk were preferred, as there was no significant increase in the recurrence rate and the patients experienced less endocrine dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelei Xiao
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xianrui Yuan
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Nadeem Akhtar Krumtally
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chengyuan Feng
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zefeng Peng
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiping Ding
- Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Abstract
Long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an absolute loss of endogenous insulin secretion (circulating C-peptide is undetectable) and a related defect in glucose counter-regulation that is often complicated by hypoglycemia unawareness, markedly increasing the risk for severe hypoglycemia. Both the transplantation of isolated islets and a whole pancreas can restore β-cell secretory capacity, improve glucose counter-regulation, and return hypoglycemia awareness, thus alleviating severe hypoglycemia. The transplantation of islets may require more than one donor pancreas, and the recovery of endocrine function for now appears more durable with a whole pancreas; however, islet transplantation outcomes are steadily improving. Because not all patients with T1D experiencing severe hypoglycemia are candidates to receive a whole pancreas, and since not all pancreata are technically suitable for whole organ transplantation, islet and pancreas transplantation are evolving as complementary approaches for the recovery of endocrine function in patients with the most problematic T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Rickels
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, 12-134 Translational Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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28
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Ishiguro H, Yasuda Y, Hyodo H, Tomita Y, Koike T, Shinagawa T, Shimizu T, Morimoto T, Hattori K, Matsumoto M, Inoue H, Yabe H, Yabe M, Shinohara O, Kato S. Growth and Endocrine Function in Long-term Adult Survivors of Childhood Stem Cell Transplant. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2009; 18:1-14. [PMID: 24790374 PMCID: PMC4004878 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.18.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of long-term surviving stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients has
increased steadily, and attention has now extended to the late complications of this
procedure. The objective of this study was to investigate relationship among growth and
endocrine functions in long-term adult survivors of childhood SCT. The inclusion criteria
of this study were survival at least 5 yr after SCT and achievement of adult height.
Fifty-four patients (39 males) fulfilled these criteria and were included in this study.
Growth was mainly evaluated by height standard deviation score (SDS) and individual
longitudinal growth curves. Among the 54 patients, those that received SCT before 10 yr of
age showed significantly greater reductions in changes in height SDS (mean –1.75, range
–4.80 to –0.10) compared with those that received SCT at or after 10 yr of age (mean
–0.50, range –1.74 to 1.20; P<0.001). The mean loss of height for all patients who
received SCT during childhood was estimated to be approximately 1 SDS/6.5 yr (r=0.517).
Individual longitudinal growth curves indicated that a significant growth spurt was absent
in severe short stature patients during the pubertal period without severe endocrine
dysfunctions including GH deficiency. The incidence of growth disorder in long-term adult
survivors depends on the age at SCT and whether they received radiation therapy. Life-long
follow-up is necessary for survivors to detect, prevent and treat the late endocrine
complications in SCT survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ishiguro
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Yasuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hyodo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tomita
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shinagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Morimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kinya Hattori
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masae Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan ; Department of Cell Transplantation & Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Miharu Yabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Shinohara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan ; Department of Cell Transplantation & Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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29
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Hiller-Sturmhöfel S, Bartke A. The endocrine system: an overview. Alcohol Health Res World 1998; 22:153-64. [PMID: 15706790 PMCID: PMC6761896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of hormones regulate many of the body's functions, including growth and development, metabolism, electrolyte balances, and reproduction. Numerous glands throughout the body produce hormones. The hypothalamus produces several releasing and inhibiting hormones that act on the pituitary gland, stimulating the release of pituitary hormones. Of the pituitary hormones, several act on other glands located in various regions of the body, whereas other pituitary hormones directly affect their target organs. Other hormone-producing glands throughout the body include the adrenal glands, which primarily produce cortisol; the gonads (i.e., ovaries and testes), which produce sex hormones; the thyroid, which produces thyroid hormone; the parathyroid, which produces parathyroid hormone; and the pancreas, which produces insulin and glucagon. Many of these hormones are part of regulatory hormonal cascades involving a hypothalamic hormone, one or more pituitary hormones, and one or more target gland hormones.
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30
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Emanuele N, Emanuele MA. The endocrine system: alcohol alters critical hormonal balance. Alcohol Health Res World 1997; 21:53-64. [PMID: 15706763 PMCID: PMC6826794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol's effects on the hormonal (i.e., endocrine) system have widespread consequences for virtually the entire body. Alcohol-related hormonal disturbances can result in cardiovascular abnormalities and reproductive deficits in both males and females. Other endocrine problems stemming from excess alcohol consumption include immune dysfunction and bone disease. Researchers are exploring ways of using hormonal mechanisms to help treat alcoholics as well as to identify people predisposed to alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Emanuele
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Loyola University Medical School, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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