1
|
Mageto EK, Crossa J, Pérez-Rodríguez P, Dhliwayo T, Palacios-Rojas N, Lee M, Guo R, San Vicente F, Zhang X, Hindu V. Genomic Prediction with Genotype by Environment Interaction Analysis for Kernel Zinc Concentration in Tropical Maize Germplasm. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2020; 10:2629-2639. [PMID: 32482728 PMCID: PMC7407456 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a major risk factor for human health, affecting about 30% of the world's population. To study the potential of genomic selection (GS) for maize with increased Zn concentration, an association panel and two doubled haploid (DH) populations were evaluated in three environments. Three genomic prediction models, M (M1: Environment + Line, M2: Environment + Line + Genomic, and M3: Environment + Line + Genomic + Genomic x Environment) incorporating main effects (lines and genomic) and the interaction between genomic and environment (G x E) were assessed to estimate the prediction ability (rMP ) for each model. Two distinct cross-validation (CV) schemes simulating two genomic prediction breeding scenarios were used. CV1 predicts the performance of newly developed lines, whereas CV2 predicts the performance of lines tested in sparse multi-location trials. Predictions for Zn in CV1 ranged from -0.01 to 0.56 for DH1, 0.04 to 0.50 for DH2 and -0.001 to 0.47 for the association panel. For CV2, rMP values ranged from 0.67 to 0.71 for DH1, 0.40 to 0.56 for DH2 and 0.64 to 0.72 for the association panel. The genomic prediction model which included G x E had the highest average rMP for both CV1 (0.39 and 0.44) and CV2 (0.71 and 0.51) for the association panel and DH2 population, respectively. These results suggest that GS has potential to accelerate breeding for enhanced kernel Zn concentration by facilitating selection of superior genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edna K Mageto
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Jose Crossa
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Department of Statistics and Computer Sciences, Montecillos, Edo. De México 56230, México
| | - Thanda Dhliwayo
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Natalia Palacios-Rojas
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011,
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China, and
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Félix San Vicente
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco CP 56237, Mexico
| | - Vemuri Hindu
- Asia Regional Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana 502324, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Titcomb TJ, Sheftel J, Sowa M, Gannon BM, Davis CR, Palacios-Rojas N, Tanumihardjo SA. β-Cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin are highly bioavailable from whole-grain and refined biofortified orange maize in humans with optimal vitamin A status: a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:793-802. [PMID: 30321275 PMCID: PMC8483000 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biofortification of staple crops with β-carotene is a strategy to reduce vitamin A deficiency, and several varieties are available in some African countries. β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX)-enhanced maize is currently in field trials. To our knowledge, maize BCX bioavailability has not been assessed in humans. Serum retinol 13C content and xanthophyll concentrations are proposed effectiveness biomarkers for biofortified maize adoption. Objective We determined the relative difference in BCX and zeaxanthin bioavailability from whole-grain and refined BCX-biofortified maize during chronic feeding compared with white maize and evaluated short-term changes in 13C-abundance in serum retinol. Design After a 7-d washout, 9 adults (mean ± SD age: 23.4 ± 2.3 y; 5 men) were provided with muffins made from BCX-enhanced whole-grain orange maize (WGOM), refined orange maize (ROM), or refined white maize (RWM) for 12 d in a randomized, blinded, crossover study followed by a 7-d washout. Blood was drawn on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 19. Carotenoid areas under the curve (AUCs) were compared by using a fixed-effects model. 13C-Abundance in serum retinol was determined by using gas chromatography/combustion/isotope-ratio mass spectrometry on days 0, 12, and 19. Vitamin A status was determined by 13C-retinol isotope dilution postintervention. Results The serum BCX AUC was significantly higher for WGOM (1.70 ± 0.63 μmol ⋅ L-1 ⋅ d) and ROM (1.66 ± 1.08 μmol ⋅ L-1 ⋅ d) than for RWM (-0.06 ± 0.13 μmol ⋅ L-1 ⋅ d; P < 0.003). A greater increase occurred in serum BCX from WGOM muffins (131%) than from ROM muffins (108%) (P ≤ 0.003). Zeaxanthin AUCs were higher for WGOM (0.94 ± 0.33) and ROM (0.96 ± 0.47) than for RWM (0.05 ± 0.12 μmol ⋅ L-1 ⋅ d; P < 0.003). The intervention did not affect predose serum retinol 13C-abundance. Vitamin A status was within an optimal range (defined as 0.1-0.7 μmol/g liver). Conclusions BCX and zeaxanthin were highly bioavailable from BCX-biofortified maize. The adoption of BCX maize could positively affect consumers' BCX and zeaxanthin intakes and associated health benefits. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02800408.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Titcomb
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jesse Sheftel
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Margaret Sowa
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Bryan M Gannon
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Christopher R Davis
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Sherry A Tanumihardjo
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,Address correspondence to SAT (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sowa M, Yu J, Palacios-Rojas N, Goltz SR, Howe JA, Davis CR, Rocheford T, Tanumihardjo SA. Retention of Carotenoids in Biofortified Maize Flour and β-Cryptoxanthin-Enhanced Eggs after Household Cooking. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7320-7328. [PMID: 31457305 PMCID: PMC6645162 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biofortification of crops to enhance provitamin A carotenoids is a strategy to increase the intake where vitamin A deficiency presents a widespread problem. Heat, light, and oxygen cause isomerization and oxidation of carotenoids, reducing provitamin A activity. Understanding provitamin A retention is important for assessing efficacy of biofortified foods. Retention of carotenoids in high-xanthophyll and high-β-carotene maize was assessed after a long-term storage at three temperatures. Carotenoid retention in high-β-cryptoxanthin maize was determined in muffins, non-nixtamalized tortillas, porridge, and fried puffs made from whole-grain and sifted flour. Retention in eggs from hens fed high-β-cryptoxanthin maize was assessed after frying, scrambling, boiling, and microwaving. Loss during storage in maize was accelerated with increasing temperature and affected by genotype. Boiling whole-grain maize into porridge resulted in the highest retention of all cooking and sifting methods (112%). Deep-fried maize and scrambled eggs had the lowest carotenoid retention rates of 67-78 and 84-86%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Sowa
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jiaoying Yu
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Natalia Palacios-Rojas
- Global
Maize Program, International Center for
Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT), Km 45, Carr. Mex-Veracruz, Col. El Batan, 56130 Texcoco, Edo. De Mexico, Mexico
| | - Shellen R. Goltz
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Julie A. Howe
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Christopher R. Davis
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Torbert Rocheford
- Department
of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign, AW-101 Turner Hall, MC046, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, 61801 Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Sherry A. Tanumihardjo
- Interdepartmental
Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., 53706 Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheftel J, Gannon BM, Davis CR, Tanumihardjo SA. Provitamin A-biofortified maize consumption increases serum xanthophylls and 13C-natural abundance of retinol in Zambian children. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1508-1514. [PMID: 28836851 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217728500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants that undergo C4 photosynthesis, such as maize, are enriched in the stable isotope of carbon (13C) compared with other dietary plants and foods. Consumption of maize that has been biofortified to contain elevated levels of provitamin A carotenoids (orange maize) increased the abundance of 13C in serum retinol of Mongolian gerbils. We evaluated this method in humans to determine if it has potential for further use in intervention effectiveness studies. A random subset of samples from a two-month randomized controlled feeding trial of rural three- to five-year old Zambian children were used to determine the impact of orange maize intake on serum carotenoid concentrations ( n = 88) and 13C-natural abundance in serum retinol ( n = 77). Concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin (a xanthophyll provitamin A carotenoid) and the dihydroxy xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin, which do not have vitamin A activity, were elevated in children consuming orange maize compared with those consuming a white maize control ( P < 0.001), while β-carotene was not different ( P > 0.3). Furthermore, 13C natural abundance was higher after two months' intervention in the orange maize group compared with the white maize group ( P = 0.049). Predictions made from equations developed in the aforementioned gerbil study estimated that maize provided 11% (2-21%, 95% confidence interval) of the recent dietary vitamin A to these children. These results demonstrate that orange maize is efficacious at providing retinol to the vitamin A pool in children through provitamin A carotenoids, as monitored by the change in 13C enrichment, which was not reflected in serum β-carotene concentrations. Further effectiveness studies in countries who have adopted orange maize should consider determining differences in retinol 13C-enrichment among target groups in addition to profiling serum xanthophyll carotenoids with specific emphasis on zeaxanthin. Impact statement Maize biofortified with provitamin A carotenoids (orange) has been released in some African markets. Responsive and sensitive methods to evaluate dissemination effectiveness are needed. This study investigated methods to evaluate effectiveness of orange maize consumption using serum from Zambian children fed orange maize for two months. Many varieties of orange maize contain higher amounts of the xanthophyll carotenoids in addition to β-carotene compared with typical varieties. This study uniquely showed higher concentrations of the maize xanthophylls lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin in children who consumed orange maize compared with white. Furthermore, maize is a C4 plant and is therefore naturally enriched with 13C. Higher 13C was detected in the serum retinol of the orange maize consumers with no change in serum β-carotene concentration suggesting preferential bioconversion to retinol. The combined analyses of serum zeaxanthin specifically and 13C-natural abundance of retinol could prove useful in effectiveness studies between orange maize adopters and non-adopters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Sheftel
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Bryan M Gannon
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christopher R Davis
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sherry A Tanumihardjo
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|