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Sayah S, Rotgé JY, Francisque H, Gargiulo M, Czernecki V, Justo D, Lahlou-Laforet K, Hahn V, Pandolfo M, Pelissolo A, Fossati P, Durr A. Personality and Neuropsychological Profiles in Friedreich Ataxia. THE CEREBELLUM 2019; 17:204-212. [PMID: 29086357 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-017-0890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia, an autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease, is the most frequent inherited ataxia. Many studies have attempted to identify cognitive and affective changes associated with the disease, but conflicting results have been obtained, depending on the tests used and because many of the samples studied were very small. We investigated personality and neuropsychological characteristics in a cohort of 47 patients with genetically confirmed disease. The neuropsychological battery assessed multiple cognition domains: processing speed, attention, working memory, executive functions, verbal memory, vocabulary, visual reasoning, emotional recognition, and social cognition. Personality was assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory, and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. We found deficits of sustained attention, processing speed, semantic capacities, and verbal fluency only partly attributable to motor deficit or depressed mood. Visual reasoning, memory, and learning were preserved. Emotional processes and social cognition were unimpaired. We also detected a change in automatic processes, such as reading. Personality traits were characterized by high persistence and low self-transcendence. The mild cognitive impairment observed may be a developmental rather than degenerative problem, due to early cerebellum dysfunction, with the impairment of cognitive and emotional processing. Disease manifestations at crucial times for personality development may also have an important impact on personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sayah
- AP-HP, Genetic Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,ICM, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Rotgé
- ICM, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service de Psychiatrie, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Francisque
- APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint Louis Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Paris, France
| | - Marcela Gargiulo
- AP-HP, Genetic Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Psychologie Clinique et Psychopathologie, EA 4056, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Psychologie, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Czernecki
- AP-HP, Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Damian Justo
- Unité de neurologie de la Mémoire et du Langage, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Khadija Lahlou-Laforet
- Unité de Psychologie et Psychiatrie de Liaison et d'Urgences, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte et du Sujet Agé, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Ouest, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Hahn
- Unité de neurologie de la Mémoire et du Langage, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Massimo Pandolfo
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- AP-HP, Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Fossati
- ICM, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service de Psychiatrie, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- AP-HP, Genetic Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France. .,ICM, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France. .,ICM, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris Cedex 13, France.
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Witusik A, Mokros Ł, Kuna P, Nowakowska-Domagała K, Antczak A, Pietras T. Type A Behavior Pattern, Impulsiveness, Risk Propensity, and Empathy as Predictors of Dyspnea and Number of Infections in Men with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3832-3839. [PMID: 29874681 PMCID: PMC6018375 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and psychological factors can induce dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to assess selected elements of the clinical presentation of COPD in the context of the severity of type A pattern of behavior, impulsiveness, and tendency for empathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. The study group consisted of 179 men with COPD and the control group consisted of 31 healthy male smokers. In all patients, the number of infectious exacerbations over the past year, the result on the dyspnea scale (MRC), and the FEV1-to- predicted FEV1 ratio was assessed. The A pattern of behavior was measured using the Type A scale. To measure impulsivity, risk propensity, and empathy, the IVE impulsivity questionnaire was used. RESULTS An increase in the number of infectious exacerbations was associated with an increased score on the Type A scale, an increase in risk propensity, and a decrease in impulsivity score. Increased severity of dyspnea was associated with an increase in Type A behavior pattern score and an increase in the risk propensity score. CONCLUSIONS Type A behavior pattern and risk propensity are independent predictors of the number of infections in the last year and of the subjective severity of dyspnea among men with COPD and healthy male smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Witusik
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Pedagogical Sciences, Faculty of Social Science, Piotrków Trybunalski Branch, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Łukasz Mokros
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Adam Antczak
- Department of General and Oncological Pulmonology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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Singh DP, Bagam P, Sahoo MK, Batra S. Immune-related gene polymorphisms in pulmonary diseases. Toxicology 2017; 383:24-39. [PMID: 28366820 PMCID: PMC5464945 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common DNA variations, and susceptibility to various diseases. Because the immune system's primary function is to defend against myriad infectious agents and diseases, the large number of people who escape serious infectious diseases underscores the tremendous success of this system at this task. In fact, out of the third of the global human population infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis during their lifetime, only a few people develop active disease, and a heavy chain smoker may inexplicably escape all symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other smoke-associated lung diseases. This may be attributable to the genetic makeup of the individual(s), including their SNPs, which provide some resistance to the disease. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), transcription factors, cytokines and chemokines all play critical roles in orchestrating immune responses and their expression/activation is directly linked to human disease tolerance. Moreover, genetic variations present in the immune-response genes of various ethnicities may explain the huge differences in individual outcomes to various diseases and following exposure to infectious agents. The current review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of pulmonary diseases and the relationship of genetic variations in immune response genes to these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra P Singh
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States
| | - Prathyusha Bagam
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States
| | - Malaya K Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, United States
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States.
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Özdemir M, Demirkale İ, Şeşen H, Taşkesen A, Okkaoğlu MC, Altay M. Affective temperament does not influence satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6852. [PMID: 28489777 PMCID: PMC5428611 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherent temperament of the patient may predict the outcome of the surgical procedure. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether negative affective temperament affects patient satisfaction and outcome measures. METHODS This prospective study included 143 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for primary arthrosis. Preoperatively, the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Auto questionnaire was used to define the temperament of the patient. Knee Society Score (KSS) and short form-36 (SF-36) outcome measures were used to evaluate the functional outcome. RESULTS No relationship was determined between temperament and satisfaction (P = .734). Overall, the satisfaction rate of the procedure in our patients was 93%. The KSS improved from a mean of 47.9 to 70.1 (F = 124.275; P < .05) and the SF-36 physical component summary, and SF-36 mental component summary scores improved to a mean of 39.5 and 43.04 points, respectively. CONCLUSION Temperament was not found to have any effect on patient satisfaction. However, patient satisfaction was directly related to better functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Özdemir
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara
| | - İsmail Demirkale
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara
| | - Hakan Şeşen
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara
| | - Anil Taşkesen
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara
| | - Mustafa C. Okkaoğlu
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara
| | - Murat Altay
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Karabük University School of Medicine, Karabük, Turkey
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Chaudhary SC, Nanda S, Tripathi A, Sawlani KK, Gupta KK, Himanshu D, Verma AK. Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Lung India 2016; 33:174-8. [PMID: 27051106 PMCID: PMC4797437 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.177441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety and depression have been reported to have an increased prevalence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, but there is a paucity of data from India. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Aim of our study is to study the frequency of psychiatric comorbidities in COPD patients and their correlation with severity of COPD, as per global initiative for obstructive lung disease guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital (King George's Medical University). A total of 74 COPD patients were included in this study and compared with 74 controls. The diagnosis and severity of COPD were assessed by spirometry. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview questionnaire. RESULTS The frequency of psychiatric comorbidities was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in COPD patients (28.4%) as compared to controls (2.7%). As regards to severity, the frequency was significantly increased in severe and very severe COPD. The frequency of psychiatric comorbidities in COPD patients increased significantly with the increase in duration of symptoms being present in 67% of patients with duration of symptoms more than 10 years and only 23% of patients with duration of symptoms ≤5 years. CONCLUSION The frequency of psychiatric comorbidities is increased in COPD patients as compared to controls. We recommend that all patients with COPD should be screened for psychiatric comorbidity, if any.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Chand Chaudhary
- Department of General Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyan Nanda
- Department of General Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Adarsh Tripathi
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kamal Kumar Sawlani
- Department of General Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of General Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Himanshu
- Department of General Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Verma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Çakmak H, Altinyazar V, Yilmaz SG, Ömürlü İK, Kocatürk T, Yazici A, Değirmenci C, Dündar SO, Ates H. The temperament and character personality profile of the glaucoma patient. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15:125. [PMID: 26427803 PMCID: PMC4591591 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the temperament and character profile of glaucoma patients. METHODS A total of 234 patients (104 with primary open angle glaucoma, and 130 control subjects without any ocular disease) were selected for this prospective, cross-sectional study. All the participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including the best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy, and visual field analysis. All the participants were given the Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The TCI is a self-reported evaluate, with 240 true/false items measuring four domains of temperament; harm avoidance (HA), persistence (PS), novelty seeking (NS), reward dependence (RD), and three domains of character; self-transcendence (ST), cooperativeness (C), self-directedness (SD). RESULTS The glaucoma patients achieved the higher scores than the controls for the HA and SD dimensions (p < 0.001 and p = 0.033). The glaucoma patients scored lower than the controls for the NS, P and ST dimensions (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). There were no differences in the RD and C scores between the patients and the controls (p = 0.944 and p = 0.343). There was no correlation between the duration of illness and the TCI dimensions. Disease severity was positively associated with HA (r = 0,220, p = 0,025) and the anticipatory worry (r = 0.227, p = 0.021) dimension. CONCLUSIONS Glaucoma patients had a different personality profile to healthy individuals. This may affect treatment compliance and is also important when coping with maladaptive patient attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Çakmak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Merkez Kampus Kepez Mevkii, 09100, Aytepe, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Vesile Altinyazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Merkez Kampus Kepez Mevkii, 09100, Aytepe, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Suzan Güven Yilmaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ege University Medical Faculty, Ege Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - İmran Kurt Ömürlü
- Department of Statistic, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Merkez Kampus Kepez Mevkii, 09100, Aytepe, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Tolga Kocatürk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Merkez Kampus Kepez Mevkii, 09100, Aytepe, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Alper Yazici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Balıkesir University Medical Faculty, Usak yolu uzeri Cagis yerleskesi, 10145, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Cumali Değirmenci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ege University Medical Faculty, Ege Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sema Oruç Dündar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Merkez Kampus Kepez Mevkii, 09100, Aytepe, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Halil Ates
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ege University Medical Faculty, Ege Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Kalkan Akcay E, Canan F, Simavli H, Dal D, Yalniz H, Ugurlu N, Gecici O, Cagil N. Effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties. Int J Ophthalmol 2015; 8:72-6. [PMID: 25709911 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2015.01.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties using Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality. METHODS Using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the temperament and character profiles of 41 participants with refractive errors (17 with myopia, 12 with hyperopia, and 12 with myopic astigmatism) were compared to those of 30 healthy control participants. Here, temperament comprised the traits of novelty seeking, harm-avoidance, and reward dependence, while character comprised traits of self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence. RESULTS Participants with refractive error showed significantly lower scores on purposefulness, cooperativeness, empathy, helpfulness, and compassion (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.05, and P<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION Refractive error might have a negative influence on some character traits, and different types of refractive error might have different temperament and character properties. These personality traits may be implicated in the onset and/or perpetuation of refractive errors and may be a productive focus for psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Kalkan Akcay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Bayezid University, Ankara 06000, Turkey
| | - Fatih Canan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07123, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Simavli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli 20070, Turkey
| | - Derya Dal
- Deparment of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25000, Turkey
| | - Hacer Yalniz
- Alcoholism and Drug Treatment and Rehab Center, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07123, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Ugurlu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Bayezid University, Ankara 06000, Turkey
| | - Omer Gecici
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07123, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Cagil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Bayezid University, Ankara 06000, Turkey
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