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Yang C, Shi W, Tian J, Guo L, Zhao Y, Xia W. Visible-light-induced radical cascade cyclization: a catalyst-free synthetic approach to trifluoromethylated heterocycles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:118-124. [PMID: 38264451 PMCID: PMC10804559 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted research protocol for constructing dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indolone skeletons is herein described proceeding through a cascade cyclization mediated by trifluoromethyl radicals. This method allows the efficient synthesis of various indole derivatives without the need of photocatalysts or transition-metal catalysts. Mechanism experiments indicate that the process involves a radical chain process initiated by the homolysis of Umemoto's reagent. This straightforward method enables a rapid access to heterocycles containing a trifluoromethyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yang
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian Tian
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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2
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Heravi MM, Amiri Z, Kafshdarzadeh K, Zadsirjan V. Synthesis of indole derivatives as prevalent moieties present in selected alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33540-33612. [PMID: 35497516 PMCID: PMC9042329 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05972f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoles are a significant heterocyclic system in natural products and drugs. They are important types of molecules and natural products and play a main role in cell biology. The application of indole derivatives as biologically active compounds for the treatment of cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disorders in the human body has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Indoles, both natural and synthetic, show various biologically vital properties. Owing to the importance of this significant ring system, the investigation of novel methods of synthesis have attracted the attention of the chemical community. In this review, we aim to highlight the construction of indoles as a moiety in selected alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Zahra Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Kosar Kafshdarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
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3
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Zhao S, Sirasani G, Andrade RB. Aspidosperma and Strychnos alkaloids: Chemistry and biology. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2021; 86:1-143. [PMID: 34565505 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Of Nature's nearly 3000 unique monoterpene indole alkaloids derived from tryptophan, those members belonging to the Aspidosperma and Strychnos families continue to impact the fields of natural products (i.e., isolation, structure determination, biosynthesis) and organic chemistry (i.e., chemical synthesis, methodology development) among others. This review covers the biological activity (Section 2), biosynthesis (Section 3), and synthesis of both classical and novel Aspidosperma (Section 4), Strychnos (Section 5), and selected bis-indole (Section 6) alkaloids. Technological advancements in genetic sequencing and bioinformatics have deepened our understanding of how Nature assembles these intriguing molecules. The proliferation of innovative synthetic strategies and tactics for the synthesis of the alkaloids covered in this review, which include contributions from over fifty research groups from around the world, are a testament to the creative power and technical skills of synthetic organic chemists. To be sure, Nature-the Supreme molecular architect and source of a dazzling array of irresistible chemical logic puzzles-continues to inspire scientists across multiple disciplines and will certainly continue to do so for the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senzhi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Rodrigo B Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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4
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5
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Duquette DC, Cusumano AQ, Lefoulon L, Moore JT, Stoltz BM. Probing Trends in Enantioinduction via Substrate Design: Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylic Alkylation of α-Enaminones. Org Lett 2020; 22:4966-4969. [PMID: 32543857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation of α-enaminones. In addition to serving as valuable synthetic building blocks, we exploit the α-enaminone scaffold and its derivatives as probes to highlight structural and electronic factors that govern enantioselectivity in this asymmetric alkylation reaction. Utilizing the (S)-t-BuPHOX ligand in a variety of nonpolar solvents, the alkylated products are obtained in up to 99% yield and 99% enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Duquette
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Alexander Q Cusumano
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Louise Lefoulon
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jared T Moore
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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6
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Kim DH, Kim JH, Jeon TH, Cho CG. New Synthetic Routes to (+)-Uleine and (-)-Tubifolidine: General Approach to 2-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Indole Alkaloids. Org Lett 2020; 22:3464-3468. [PMID: 32282214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Novel asymmetric synthetic routes to (+)-uleine and (-)-tubifolidine are reported herein. The regioselective formation of enol triflates from 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ketones followed by indolizations of the resultant ene-hydrazides allowed the efficient construction of key indole intermediates, facilitating the total synthesis of the target natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Tae-Hong Jeon
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Cheon-Gyu Cho
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoon Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol‐Hong Cheon
- Department of ChemistryKorea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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Li W, Dong Z, Zhang Y, Zeng Z, Usman M, Liu WB. Cu-Catalyzed Arylation/Acyl Migration Cascade Reaction of Enaminones: Access to N-Fused Polycyclic and 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7995-8005. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weishuang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
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9
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Dong Z, Zhang XW, Li W, Li ZM, Wang WY, Zhang Y, Liu W, Liu WB. Synthesis of N-Fused Polycyclic Indoles via Ligand-Free Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation/Acyl Migration Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:1082-1086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Weishuang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zi-Meng Li
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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10
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Bin H, Wang K, Yang D, Yang X, Xie J, Zhou Q. Scalable Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Goniomitine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1174-1177. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huai‐Yu Bin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jian‐Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qi‐Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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11
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Bin H, Wang K, Yang D, Yang X, Xie J, Zhou Q. Scalable Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Goniomitine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huai‐Yu Bin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jian‐Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qi‐Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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12
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Pritchett BP, Donckele EJ, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective Catalysis Coupled with Stereodivergent Cyclization Strategies Enables Rapid Syntheses of (+)-Limaspermidine and (+)-Kopsihainanine A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12624-12627. [PMID: 28872739 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylations of dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indolone (DHPI) substrates were used to construct the C20-quaternary stereocenters of multiple monoterpene indole alkaloids. Stereodivergent Pictet-Spengler and Bischler-Napieralski cyclization/reduction cascades furnish the cis- and trans-fused azadecalin subunits present in Aspidosperma and Kopsia alkaloids, respectively, en route to highly efficient syntheses of (+)-limaspermidine and (+)-kopsihainanine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau P Pritchett
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Etienne J Donckele
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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Pritchett BP, Donckele EJ, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective Catalysis Coupled with Stereodivergent Cyclization Strategies Enables Rapid Syntheses of (+)‐Limaspermidine and (+)‐Kopsihainanine A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beau P. Pritchett
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Etienne J. Donckele
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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