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iNKT cell agonists as vaccine adjuvants to combat infectious diseases. Carbohydr Res 2022; 513:108527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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2
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Gorantla JN, Santhi M, Hua Y, Ketudat Cairns JR. Total synthesis of ceramides and β- O-glucosylceramides via intramolecular fatty acyl group migration. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05372h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acyl group utilized as both protection and migratory group for the synthesis of ceramides and glucosylceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaggaiah N. Gorantla
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Maniganda Santhi
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Yanling Hua
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - James R. Ketudat Cairns
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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3
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Chemistry and Biology of Bioactive Glycolipids of Marine Origin. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16090294. [PMID: 30135377 PMCID: PMC6163716 DOI: 10.3390/md16090294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids represent a broad class of natural products structurally featured by a glycosidic fragment linked to a lipidic molecule. Despite the large structural variety of these glycoconjugates, they can be classified into three main groups, i.e., glycosphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids, and atypical glycolipids. In the particular case of glycolipids derived from marine sources, an impressive variety in their structural features and biological properties is observed, thus making them prime targets for chemical synthesis. In the present review, we explore the chemistry and biology of this class of compounds.
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4
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Mo X, Letort A, Roşca DA, Higashida K, Fürstner A. Site-Selectivetrans-Hydrostannation of 1,3- and 1,n-Diynes: Application to the Total Synthesis of Typhonosides E and F, and a Fluorinated Cerebroside Analogue. Chemistry 2018; 24:9667-9674. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Mo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Aurélien Letort
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Kosuke Higashida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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5
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Liu Z, Guo J. NKT-cell glycolipid agonist as adjuvant in synthetic vaccine. Carbohydr Res 2017; 452:78-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Yin XG, Chen XZ, Sun WM, Geng XS, Zhang XK, Wang J, Ji PP, Zhou ZY, Baek DJ, Yang GF, Liu Z, Guo J. IgG Antibody Response Elicited by a Fully Synthetic Two-Component Carbohydrate-Based Cancer Vaccine Candidate with α-Galactosylceramide as Built-in Adjuvant. Org Lett 2017; 19:456-459. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Guang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Mei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Pan-Pan Ji
- Department
of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhou
- Department
of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P. R. China
| | - Dong Jae Baek
- College
of Pharmacy, Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, 1666 Youngsan-ro, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
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8
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SHODA SI. Development of chemical and chemo-enzymatic glycosylations. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:125-145. [PMID: 28302960 PMCID: PMC5422579 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosidic compounds are indispensable molecules in living systems. Biological phenomena such as cell wall formation, energy storage, and cell recognition strongly depend on the multi-functional characters of these substances. Development of highly regio- and stereoselective glycosylation reactions is necessary to provide sufficient amounts of specific compounds in basic research as well as for applications in industry. This review presents an overview of chemical and chemo-enzymatic glycosylations that have been developed during my forty-year academic career in the field of glyco-science. In the course of these studies, several new concepts such as "Direct Anomeric Activation", "Glyco-Process Chemistry" and "Glyco-Chemistry Cycles" have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro SHODA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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9
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Marzabadi CH, Franck RW. Small-Molecule Carbohydrate-Based Immunostimulants. Chemistry 2016; 23:1728-1742. [PMID: 27385422 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss small-molecule, carbohydrate-based immunostimulants that target Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and cluster of differentiation 1D (CD1d) receptors. The design and use of these molecules in immunotherapy as well as results from their use in clinical trials are described. How these molecules work and their utilization as vaccine adjuvants are also discussed. Future applications and extensions for the use of these analogues as therapeutic agents will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia H Marzabadi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave., South Orange, NJ, 07079, USA
| | - Richard W Franck
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Hunter College/CUNY, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10065, USA
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10
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Dai Z, Green TK. Synthesis of aromatic sphingosine analogues by diastereoselective amination of enantioenriched trans-γ,δ-unsaturated β-hydroxyesters. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7778-84. [PMID: 25046474 DOI: 10.1021/jo501533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An effective route to N-Boc-protected aromatic sphingosine analogues is accomplished. The strategy is based on the diastereoselective amination of enantioenriched trans-γ,δ-unsaturated β-hydroxyesters to establish anti,N-Boc-α-hydrazino-β-hydroxyesters. Nonreductive E1cB elimination is essential for the successful N-N bond cleavage of hydrazine while preserving the trans double bond. Either the (3R,2S) and (3S,2R) enantiomer of N-Boc-protected sphingosine analogues has been synthesized in five steps with excellent optical purity with ∼99% ee and >99% de.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska , Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, United States
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11
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Synthesis of Sphingolipids with an ω-Esterified Long Acyl Chain, Ceramide Components of the Human Epidermis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:1715-20. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Lim C, Kim JH, Baek DJ, Lee JY, Cho M, Lee YS, Kang CY, Chung DH, Cho WJ, Kim S. Design and Evaluation of ω-Hydroxy Fatty Acids Containing α-GalCer Analogues for CD1d-Mediated NKT Cell Activation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:331-5. [PMID: 24900836 DOI: 10.1021/ml400517b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CD1d molecules recognize glycolipid antigens with straight chain fatty acid moieties. Although most of the residues in the CD1d binding groove are hydrophobic, some of the amino acids can form hydrogen bonds. Consequently, we have designed ω-hydroxy fatty acid-containing glycolipid derivatives of the prototypical CD1d ligand α-GalCer. The potency of the ω-hydroxy analogues of the proper length is comparable to that of α-GalCer. We propose, based on the biological results and molecular modeling studies, that a hydrogen bonding interaction is involved between the ω-hydroxy group and a polar amino acid residue in the hydrophobic binding groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaemin Lim
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Dong Jae Baek
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Lee
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Minjae Cho
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sook Lee
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Yongbong, Buk-gu, Kwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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13
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Alcaide A, Llebaria A. Aziridine Ring Opening for the Synthesis of Sphingolipid Analogues: Inhibitors of Sphingolipid-Metabolizing Enzymes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2993-3029. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500061w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alcaide
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (MedChemLab), Departament
de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC−CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (MedChemLab), Departament
de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC−CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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14
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Altiti A, Mootoo DR. Intramolecular nitrogen delivery for the synthesis of C-glycosphingolipids. Application to the C-glycoside of the immunostimulant KRN7000. Org Lett 2014; 16:1466-9. [PMID: 24559301 PMCID: PMC3993873 DOI: 10.1021/ol5002686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The key reaction in this approach to C-glycosphingolipids is the stereoselective iodocyclization of a sugar-linked homoallylic carbonimidothioate. E and Z reaction substrates were assembled in a convergent fashion via an alkene metathesis strategy and exhibited the same alkene facial selectivity in the iodocyclization irrespective of alkene geometry, although the E alkene was found to be less reactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad
S. Altiti
- Department
of Chemistry,
Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - David R. Mootoo
- Department
of Chemistry,
Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
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15
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16
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Mori K, Akasaka K, Matsunaga S. Chemoenzymatic synthesis and HPLC analysis of the stereoisomers of miyakosyne A [(4E,24E)-14-methyloctacosa-4,24-diene-1,27-diyne-3,26-diol], a cytotoxic metabolite of a marine sponge Petrosia sp., to determine the absolute configuration of its major component as 3R,14R,26R. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Baek DJ, Park JS, Lee JY, Lim C, Kang CY, Bittman R. Synthesis and bioactivity of α-galactosylceramide analogues bearing an aryl group within the fatty amide chain. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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RCAI-61 and related 6′-modified analogs of KRN7000: Their synthesis and bioactivity for mouse lymphocytes to produce interferon-γ in vivo. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3066-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Tashiro T, Shigeura T, Shiozaki M, Watarai H, Taniguchi M, Mori K. RCAI-133, an N-methylated analogue of KRN7000, activates mouse natural killer T cells to produce Th2-biased cytokines. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00073g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Uchiyama S, Kimura K, Gota C, Okabe K, Kawamoto K, Inada N, Yoshihara T, Tobita S. Environment-Sensitive Fluorophores with Benzothiadiazole and Benzoselenadiazole Structures as Candidate Components of a Fluorescent Polymeric Thermometer. Chemistry 2012; 18:9552-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Tashiro T, Shigeura T, Watarai H, Taniguchi M, Mori K. RCAI-84, 91, and 105-108, ureido and thioureido analogs of KRN7000: Their synthesis and bioactivity for mouse lymphocytes to produce Th1-biased cytokines. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4540-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Structure-activity relationship studies of novel glycosphingolipids that stimulate natural killer T-cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:1055-67. [PMID: 22790924 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
KRN7000, an anticancer drug candidate developed by Kirin Brewery Co. in 1995, is an α-galactosyl ceramide. It is a ligand making a complex with CD1d protein, and it stimulates invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells, which are one of the lineages of immunocytes. NKT cells activated by recognition of the CD1d/KRN7000 complex with its invariant T-cell receptor (TCR) can induce both protective and regulatory immune responses. To determine the recognition and activation mechanisms of NKT cells and to develop drug candidates more effective than KRN7000, a large number of analogs of KRN7000 have been synthesized. Some of them show potent bioactivities and have the potential of being utilized as therapeutic agents. In this review, structure-activity relationship studies of novel glycolipids which stimulate NKT cells efficiently are summarized.
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Liu Z, Bittman R. Synthesis of C-glycoside analogues of α-galactosylceramide via linear allylic C-H oxidation and allyl cyanate to isocyanate rearrangement. Org Lett 2012; 14:620-3. [PMID: 22233351 DOI: 10.1021/ol2032448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-Glycoside analogues of α-galactosylceramide were synthesized in which several significant modifications known to promote Th-1 cytokine production were included. The key transformations include C-H oxidation, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, olefin cross metathesis, and an allyl cyanate to isocyanate rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, USA
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24
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Abstract
A synthetic C-glycoside, α-C-galactosylceramide, is an active immunostimulant in mice. It displays better activity than α-O-galactosylceramide in several disease models. Syntheses of several α-C-galactosylceramides are described. Experiments that probe its immunostimulant activity are outlined. Possible explanations for its superior activity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Franck
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of CUNY 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10021 Ph 212-772-5340 Fax 212-772-5332
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25
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Liu Z, Byun HS, Bittman R. Total synthesis of α-1C-galactosylceramide, an immunostimulatory C-glycosphingolipid, and confirmation of the stereochemistry in the first-generation synthesis. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8588-98. [PMID: 21958232 PMCID: PMC3204185 DOI: 10.1021/jo201450s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A nonisosteric α-C-glycoside analogue of KRN7000 (α-1C-GalCer, 1) was reported to induce a selective type of cytokine release in human invariant natural killer cells in vitro. We report here a very concise synthetic route to 1 and its analogue 1'. The key steps include olefin cross-metathesis, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, and epoxide opening by NaN(3)/NH(4)Cl. Inversion of configuration at the amide-bearing carbon in the phytosphingosine backbone constructed by epoxide opening in our previous synthesis of 1 was verified, indicating that remote group participation is not involved during the epoxide-opening reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, United States
| | - Hoe-Sup Byun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, United States
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, United States
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Diastereoselective synthesis and bioactivity of long-chain anti-2-amino-3-alkanols. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5480-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Baek DJ, Seo JH, Lim C, Kim JH, Chung DH, Cho WJ, Kang CY, Kim S. The 3-Deoxy Analogue of α-GalCer: Disclosing the Role of the 4-Hydroxyl Group for CD1d-Mediated NKT Cell Activation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:544-8. [PMID: 24900347 DOI: 10.1021/ml2000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
KRN7000, or α-GalCer, is a potent agonist for natural killer T (NKT) cells. The 3-hydroxyl group of its phytosphingosine moiety is important for activating NKT cells, whereas its 4-hydroxyl group is perceived to be less crucial. To experimentally determine the role of the 4-hydroxyl group, we synthesized the 3-deoxy analogue of α-GalCer. It was found that 3-deoxy-α-GalCer induced potent cytokine responses from NKT cells, comparable to those of both α-GalCer and 4-deoxy-α-GalCer. This result and our docking studies suggest that the effects of an absence of the 3-hydroxyl group are compensated by the presence of a hydroxyl group at the C-4 position. Thus, we conclude that the 4-hydroxyl group of α-GalCer is as important to the mechanism of action as the 3-hydroxyl group and that the two hydroxyl groups could play individual and cooperative roles in orienting the glycolipid into the proper position in CD1d to be recognized by the T cell receptor of NKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jae Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chaemin Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon, Chongno, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Won-Jea Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Yongbong, Buk, Kwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Arora P, Venkataswamy MM, Baena A, Bricard G, Li Q, Veerapen N, Ndonye R, Park JJ, Lee JH, Seo KC, Howell AR, Chang YT, Illarionov PA, Besra GS, Chung SK, Porcelli SA. A rapid fluorescence-based assay for classification of iNKT cell activating glycolipids. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5198-201. [PMID: 21425779 PMCID: PMC3072113 DOI: 10.1021/ja200070u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Structural variants of α-galactosylceramide (αGC) that activate invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are being developed as potential immunomodulatory agents for a variety of applications. Identification of specific forms of these glycolipids that bias responses to favor production of proinflammatory vs anti-inflammatory cytokines is central to current efforts, but this goal has been hampered by the lack of in vitro screening assays that reliably predict the in vivo biological activity of these compounds. Here we describe a fluorescence-based assay to identify functionally distinct αGC analogues. Our assay is based on recent findings showing that presentation of glycolipid antigens by CD1d molecules localized to plasma membrane detergent-resistant microdomains (lipid rafts) is correlated with induction of interferon-γ secretion and Th1-biased cytokine responses. Using an assay that measures lipid raft residency of CD1d molecules loaded with αGC, we screened a library of ∼200 synthetic αGC analogues and identified 19 agonists with potential Th1-biasing activity. Analysis of a subset of these novel candidate Th1 type agonists in vivo in mice confirmed their ability to induce systemic cytokine responses consistent with a Th1 type bias. These results demonstrate the predictive value of this novel in vitro assay for assessing the in vivo functionality of glycolipid agonists and provide the basis for a relatively simple high-throughput assay for identification and functional classification of iNKT cell activating glycolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Arora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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