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Wood CM. Optimizing landscape‐scale monitoring programmes to detect the effects of megafires. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Connor M. Wood
- Center for Conservation Bioacoustics Cornell Lab of Ornithology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
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Tucker JM, Moriarty KM, Ellis MM, Golding JD. Effective sampling area is a major driver of power to detect long‐term trends in multispecies occupancy monitoring. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jody M. Tucker
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region 1323 Club Drive Vallejo California94592USA
| | - Katie M. Moriarty
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station 3625 93rd Avenue Olympia Washington98512USA
| | - Martha M. Ellis
- Department of Mathematics Montana State University 1156‐1174 South 11th Street Bozeman Montana59715USA
| | - Jessie D. Golding
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 800 East Beckwith Avenue Missoula Montana59801USA
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Happe PJ, Jenkins KJ, Mccaffery RM, Lewis JC, Pilgrim KL, Schwartz MK. Occupancy Patterns in a Reintroduced Fisher Population during Reestablishment. J Wildl Manage 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia J. Happe
- National Park Service, Olympic National Park 600 East Park Avenue Port Angeles WA 98362 USA
| | - Kurt J. Jenkins
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 600 East Park Avenue Port Angeles WA 98362 USA
| | - Rebecca M. Mccaffery
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center 600 East Park Avenue Port Angeles WA 98362 USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Lewis
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife P.O. Box 43200 Olympia WA 98504 USA
| | - Kristine L. Pilgrim
- U.S. Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation 800 East Beckwith Avenue Missoula MT 59801 USA
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- U.S. Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation 800 East Beckwith Avenue Missoula MT 59801 USA
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Green AW, Pavlacky DC, George TL. A dynamic multi-scale occupancy model to estimate temporal dynamics and hierarchical habitat use for nomadic species. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:793-803. [PMID: 30766669 PMCID: PMC6362800 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Distribution models are increasingly being used to understand how landscape and climatic changes are affecting the processes driving spatial and temporal distributions of plants and animals. However, many modeling efforts ignore the dynamic processes that drive distributional patterns at different scales, which may result in misleading inference about the factors influencing species distributions. Current occupancy models allow estimation of occupancy at different scales and, separately, estimation of immigration and emigration. However, joint estimation of local extinction, colonization, and occupancy within a multi-scale model is currently unpublished. We extended multi-scale models to account for the dynamic processes governing species distributions, while concurrently modeling local-scale availability. We fit the model to data for lark buntings and chestnut-collared longspurs in the Great Plains, USA, collected under the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program. We investigate how the amount of grassland and shrubland and annual vegetation conditions affect bird occupancy dynamics and local vegetation structure affects fine-scale occupancy. Buntings were prevalent and longspurs rare in our study area, but both species were locally prevalent when present. Buntings colonized sites with preferred habitat configurations, longspurs colonized a wider range of landscape conditions, and site persistence of both was higher at sites with greener vegetation. Turnover rates were high for both species, quantifying the nomadic behavior of the species. Our model allows researchers to jointly investigate temporal dynamics of species distributions and hierarchical habitat use. Our results indicate that grassland birds respond to different covariates at landscape and local scales suggesting different conservation goals at each scale. High turnover rates of these species highlight the need to account for the dynamics of nomadic species, and our model can help inform how to coordinate management efforts to provide appropriate habitat configurations at the landscape scale and provide habitat targets for local managers.
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Moriarty KM, Linnell MA, Thornton JE, Watts GW. Seeking efficiency with carnivore survey methods: A case study with elusive martens. WILDLIFE SOC B 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M. Moriarty
- Pacific Northwest Research Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; 3625 93rd Avenue SW Olympia WA 98512 USA
| | - Mark A. Linnell
- Department of Forest Engineering; Resources, and Management, Oregon State University; 280 Peavy Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | | | - G. Wesley Watts
- Almanor Ranger District; U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; 900 E. Highway 36 Chester CA 96020 USA
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7
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Reproductive parameters of the fisher (Pekania pennanti) in the southern Sierra Nevada, California. J Mammal 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Latif QS, Ellis MM, Saab VA, Mellen‐McLean K. Simulations inform design of regional occupancy-based monitoring for a sparsely distributed, territorial species. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:1171-1185. [PMID: 29375788 PMCID: PMC5773320 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparsely distributed species attract conservation concern, but insufficient information on population trends challenges conservation and funding prioritization. Occupancy-based monitoring is attractive for these species, but appropriate sampling design and inference depend on particulars of the study system. We employed spatially explicit simulations to identify minimum levels of sampling effort for a regional occupancy monitoring study design, using white-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolvartus), a sparsely distributed, territorial species threatened by habitat decline and degradation, as a case study. We compared the original design with commonly proposed alternatives with varying targets of inference (i.e., species range, space use, or abundance) and spatial extent of sampling. Sampling effort needed to achieve adequate power to observe a long-term population trend (≥80% chance to observe a 2% yearly decline over 20 years) with the previously used study design consisted of annually monitoring ≥120 transects using a single-survey approach or ≥90 transects surveyed twice per year using a repeat-survey approach. Designs that shifted inference toward finer-resolution trends in abundance and extended the spatial extent of sampling by shortening transects, employing a single-survey approach to monitoring, and incorporating a panel design (33% of units surveyed per year) improved power and reduced error in estimating abundance trends. In contrast, efforts to monitor coarse-scale trends in species range or space use with repeat surveys provided extremely limited statistical power. Synthesis and applications. Sampling resolutions that approximate home range size, spatially extensive sampling, and designs that target inference of abundance trends rather than range dynamics are probably best suited and most feasible for broad-scale occupancy-based monitoring of sparsely distributed territorial animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quresh S. Latif
- Rocky Mountain Research StationU.S. Forest ServiceBozemanMTUSA
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Tucker JM, Allendorf FW, Truex RL, Schwartz MK. Sex‐biased dispersal and spatial heterogeneity affect landscape resistance to gene flow in fisher. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jody M. Tucker
- Sequoia National Forest U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region 1839 S. Newcomb Street Porterville California 93257 USA
| | - Fred W. Allendorf
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Richard L. Truex
- U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region 1617 Cole Boulevard Lakewood Colorado 80401 USA
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 800 East Beckwith Avenue Missoula Montana 59801 USA
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M c Cann NP, Zollner PA, Gilbert JH. Classifying carnivore tracks using dimensions that control for snow conditions. WILDLIFE SOC B 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P. M c Cann
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
| | - Patrick A. Zollner
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
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Furnas BJ, Landers RH, Callas RL, Matthews SM. Estimating population size of fishers (Pekania pennanti
) using camera stations and auxiliary data on home range size. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. J. Furnas
- Wildlife Investigations Laboratory; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; 1701 Nimbus Road, Suite D Rancho Cordova California 95670 USA
| | - R. H. Landers
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Northern Region, 601 Locust Street Redding California 96001 USA
| | - R. L. Callas
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Northern Region, 601 Locust Street Redding California 96001 USA
| | - S. M. Matthews
- Institute for Natural Resources; Oregon State University; 234 Strand Agriculture Hall Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA
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Moriarty KM, Bailey JD, Smythe SE, Verschuyl J. Distribution of Pacific Marten in Coastal Oregon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1898/nwn16-01.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Moriarty
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3625 93rd Avenue SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA
| | - John D Bailey
- Department of Forest Engineering, Resources, and Management, Oregon State University, 280 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Sharon E Smythe
- Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, 04 Goddard Building, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA
| | - Jake Verschuyl
- National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Western Wildlife Program, PO Box 1259, Anacortes, WA 98221 USA
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Sweitzer RA, Popescu VD, Thompson CM, Purcell KL, Barrett RH, Wengert GM, Gabriel MW, Woods LW. Mortality risks and limits to population growth of fishers. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rick A. Sweitzer
- The Great Basin Institute; 16750 Mt. Rose Highway Reno NV 89511 USA
| | - Viorel D. Popescu
- Earth to Ocean Research Group, Simon Fraser University; 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada
- University of Bucharest; Centre for Environmental Research (CCMESI); 1 N. Balcescu Blvd. Bucharest Romania
| | - Craig M. Thompson
- USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; 2081 E. Sierra Avenue Fresno CA 93710 USA
| | - Kathryn L. Purcell
- USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; 2081 E. Sierra Avenue Fresno CA 93710 USA
| | - Reginald H. Barrett
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | | | | | - Leslie W. Woods
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System; Davis CA 95616 USA
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Sweitzer RA, Thompson CM, Green RE, Barrett RH, Purcell KL. Survival of fishers in the southern Sierra Nevada region of California. J Mammal 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyv177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Fishers in the western United States were recently proposed for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act because of concerns for loss of suitable habitat and evidence of a diversity of mortality risks that reduce survival. One of 2 remnant populations of fishers in California is in the southern Sierra Nevada region, where we studied them at 2 research sites in the Sierra National Forest. Our objectives were to evaluate whether survival was lower for male fishers and dispersal-aged individuals or if survival varied seasonally. We captured and monitored 232 radiocollared fishers from March 2007 to March 2014 and used model analyses to identify important predictors of survival. Fifty-two percent ( n = 120) of the radiocollared fishers died, and survival varied by sex and season, but not by age or between study sites. There was no evidence that dispersal-aged fishers experienced lower survival than older fishers. Annual survival trended lower for male (0.62 [95% CI 0.54–0.70]) compared to female fishers (0.72 [95% CI 0.67–0.78]), was lowest in the spring to mid-summer season (0.83 [95% CI 0.78–0.87]), and highest in late fall and winter (0.92 [95% CI 0.89–0.94]). Lower survival among male fishers appeared linked to males moving over large areas to locate mates, while lower survival for females was potentially related to high energetic cost of reproduction. It was possible but unknown if lower survival among all fishers in spring was linked to secondary exposure to toxicants dispersed around illicit marijuana grow sites. Six-month survival of juvenile fishers was 0.85 for females and 0.79 for males, but lower at 0.62 for females and 0.57 for males when adjusted for deaths before late September. Annual survival among adult female fishers was 20% lower than 0.90, a value that prior modeling suggested was required for population expansion in the overall southern Sierra Nevada. Survival data from our study imply a greater challenge for maintaining self-sustaining fisher populations in the southern Sierra Nevada region, and resource managers are working to mitigate several of the human-associated factors that limit population growth.
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Gabriel MW, Woods LW, Wengert GM, Stephenson N, Higley JM, Thompson C, Matthews SM, Sweitzer RA, Purcell K, Barrett RH, Keller SM, Gaffney P, Jones M, Poppenga R, Foley JE, Brown RN, Clifford DL, Sacks BN. Patterns of Natural and Human-Caused Mortality Factors of a Rare Forest Carnivore, the Fisher (Pekania pennanti) in California. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140640. [PMID: 26536481 PMCID: PMC4633177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife populations of conservation concern are limited in distribution, population size and persistence by various factors, including mortality. The fisher (Pekania pennanti), a North American mid-sized carnivore whose range in the western Pacific United States has retracted considerably in the past century, was proposed for threatened status protection in late 2014 under the United States Endangered Species Act by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in its West Coast Distinct Population Segment. We investigated mortality in 167 fishers from two genetically and geographically distinct sub-populations in California within this West Coast Distinct Population Segment using a combination of gross necropsy, histology, toxicology and molecular methods. Overall, predation (70%), natural disease (16%), toxicant poisoning (10%) and, less commonly, vehicular strike (2%) and other anthropogenic causes (2%) were causes of mortality observed. We documented both an increase in mortality to (57% increase) and exposure (6%) from pesticides in fishers in just the past three years, highlighting further that toxicants from marijuana cultivation still pose a threat. Additionally, exposure to multiple rodenticides significantly increased the likelihood of mortality from rodenticide poisoning. Poisoning was significantly more common in male than female fishers and was 7 times more likely than disease to kill males. Based on necropsy findings, suspected causes of mortality based on field evidence alone tended to underestimate the frequency of disease-related mortalities. This study is the first comprehensive investigation of mortality causes of fishers and provides essential information to assist in the conservation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad W. Gabriel
- Integral Ecology Research Center, Blue Lake, California, United States of America
- Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Leslie W. Woods
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Greta M. Wengert
- Integral Ecology Research Center, Blue Lake, California, United States of America
| | - Nicole Stephenson
- University of California Davis, School Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - J. Mark Higley
- Wildlife Department, Hoopa Tribal Forestry, Hoopa, California, United States of America
| | - Craig Thompson
- Pacific Southwest Research Station-Sierra Nevada Research Center, United States Forest Service, Fresno, California, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Matthews
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Hoopa, California, United States of America
| | - Rick A. Sweitzer
- Sierra Nevada Adaptive Management Project, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Purcell
- Pacific Southwest Research Station-Sierra Nevada Research Center, United States Forest Service, Fresno, California, United States of America
| | - Reginald H. Barrett
- Sierra Nevada Adaptive Management Project, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Stefan M. Keller
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Patricia Gaffney
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Megan Jones
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Robert Poppenga
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Janet E. Foley
- University of California Davis, School Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Richard N. Brown
- Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, United States of America
| | - Deana L. Clifford
- Wildlife Investigations Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin N. Sacks
- Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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Sweitzer RA, Popescu VD, Barrett RH, Purcell KL, Thompson CM. Reproduction, abundance, and population growth for a fisher (Pekania pennanti) population in the Sierra National Forest, California. J Mammal 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyv083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zielinski WJ, Schlexer FV, Dunk JR, Lau MJ, Graham JJ. A range-wide occupancy estimate and habitat model for the endangered Point Arena mountain beaver ( Aplodontia rufa nigra). J Mammal 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Clare JD, Anderson EM, MacFarland DM. Predicting bobcat abundance at a landscape scale and evaluating occupancy as a density index in central Wisconsin. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John D.J. Clare
- College of Natural Resources; University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point; Stevens Point WI 54481 USA
| | - Eric M. Anderson
- College of Natural Resources; University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point; Stevens Point WI 54481 USA
| | - David M. MacFarland
- Bureau of Wildlife Management; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Rhinelander WI 54501 USA
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Thompson C, Sweitzer R, Gabriel M, Purcell K, Barrett R, Poppenga R. Impacts of Rodenticide and Insecticide Toxicants from Marijuana Cultivation Sites on Fisher Survival Rates in the Sierra National Forest, California. Conserv Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Craig Thompson
- USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; Fresno CA USA
| | - Richard Sweitzer
- University of California at Berkeley; Sierra Nevada Adaptive Management Program; Berkeley CA USA
| | | | - Kathryn Purcell
- USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; Fresno CA USA
| | - Reginald Barrett
- University of California at Berkeley; Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; Berkeley CA USA
| | - Robert Poppenga
- University of California at Davis; School of Veterinary Medicine; Davis CA USA
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