1
|
Bikashvili A, Kachlishvili N, Japoshvili B, Mumladze L. Species diversity and DNA barcode library of freshwater Molluscs of South Caucasus. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e84887. [PMID: 36761591 PMCID: PMC9848562 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e84887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides the first attempt to investigate the molecular diversity of South Caucasian freshwater molluscs (Mollusca, Gastropoda) and lay down the first bricks to build up a DNA-barcode library. In total, 289 COI barcode sequences were obtained from 33 morpho-species belonging to 24 molluscan genera and 10 families that represent nearly 30% of known freshwater molluscan diversity of the South Caucasus region. DNA barcodes were analysed by means of the Barcode Index Number (BIN) and the other tools available in BOLD Systems. Results showed that the knowledge of freshwater molluscs diversity in the South Caucasus is far from comprehensive. For the studied 33 morpho-species, 289 barcodes were clustered into 40 BINs, from which unique BINs were defined for 12 species and five species were characterised with more than a single BIN. From the studied taxa, 60% were characterised larger than 2.2% sequence divergence indicating high genetic variation or cryptic diversity. Within our limited taxonomic coverage, we found one new species for the Republic of Georgia (Galbaschirazensis) and at least three undescribed species belonging to the genera Stagnicola, Segmentina and Anisus. Uniqueness and high molecular diversity of the studied species emphasise the need for further intensive morphological and molecular investigations of the South Caucasian freshwater molluscan fauna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ani Bikashvili
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, GeorgiaInstitute of Zoology, Ilia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Nino Kachlishvili
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, GeorgiaInstitute of Zoology, Ilia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Bella Japoshvili
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, GeorgiaInstitute of Zoology, Ilia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Levan Mumladze
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, GeorgiaInstitute of Zoology, Ilia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saito T, Fujimoto K, Uchida S, Yamazaki D, Hirano T, Sano I, Ye B, Kagawa O, Shariar Shovon M, Tu Do V, Morii Y, Prozorova L, Chiba S. Uncovering overlooked diversity using molecular phylogenetic approach: a case of Japanese sphaeriid clams (Sphaeriidae: Bivalvia). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 173:107508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
3
|
Clewing C, Geertz T, Rassam H, Woldekiros TH, Albrecht C. Freshwater diversity at a biogeographic edge zone: the high-mountain pea-clams of Ethiopia. SYST BIODIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2021.2005706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 (IFZ), Giessen, 35390 Germany
| | - Thies Geertz
- International Foundation for Environment and Nature, Global Nature Fund (GNF), Radolfzell, Germany
| | - Hanane Rassam
- Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech, Laboratoire Hydrobiologie, Ecotoxicologie, Assainissement et Changements globaux, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | | | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 (IFZ), Giessen, 35390 Germany
- Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rassam H, Ghamizi M, Benaissa H, Clewing C, Albrecht C. The fingernail clams (Bivalvia: Veneroida: Sphaeriidae) of Morocco: Diversity, distribution and conservation status. Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e73346. [PMID: 34916867 PMCID: PMC8671715 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e73346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Morocco, many uncertainties surround the current diversity and distribution of the bivalve family Sphaeriidae. Such information, including taxonomy and conservation status, are vital for further studies to improve the knowledge of this family in Morocco and represents the first step towards the development of a national conservation plan for all freshwater bivalves.Between 2016 and 2019, several investigations were carried out to assess the diversity and distribution of Sphaeriidae in the different basins of Morocco, covering different types of habitat (lakes, springs, rivers and small ponds). The identification of specimens and their morpho-ecological features was based on morphological and morphometric analyses. The data on the general distribution of the collected species allowed the evaluation of their conservation status as well.The shell morphology and morphometric analyses revealed the existence of five species belonging to the genus Pisidium [P.casertanum (Poli, 1791), P. (cf.) personatum Malm, 1855, P.subtruncatum Malm, 1855, P.amnicum (O. F. Müller, 1774) and Pisidium sp.] and one species to the genus of Musculium [M.lacustre (O. F. Müller, 1774)]. Sphaeriidae were found in all Moroccan basins, except Bouregreg and Sakia El Hamra-Oued Eddahab Basins. The results showed that Sebou Basin was the species richest with the occurrence of the five species, while Loukkos and Sous-Massa Basins had the lowest-species richness with one species only. The conservation status of sphaeriids in Morocco was evaluated for the first time and resulted in P. (cf.) personatum and P.subtruncatum being proposed as Least Concern and Vulnerable, respectively, while the status of Regionally Extinct is suggested for both species P.amnicum and M.lacustre. New information First evaluation of the diversity and species richness of the family Sphaeriidae in Morocco with an assignment of an updated conservation status of the recorded species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Rassam
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ghamizi
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco
| | - Hassan Benaissa
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Fishing department, Marine Fisheries Technology Institute, Al Hoceima, Morocco Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech. Fishing department, Marine Fisheries Technology Institute Al Hoceima Morocco
| | - Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vinarski MV, von Oheimb PV, Aksenova OV, Gofarov MY, Kondakov AV, Nekhaev IO, Bolotov IN. Trapped on the Roof of the World: Taxonomic diversity and evolutionary patterns of Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae: Tibetoradix). Integr Zool 2021; 17:825-848. [PMID: 34750963 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The high-elevation Tibetan Plateau (western China) is inhabited by a unique though not particularly species-rich community of organisms. We explored the species content and evolutionary history of the Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snail genus Tibetoradix. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus were reconstructed based on available sequence data. We used a single-rate Poisson Tree Processes approach for species delimitation and compared putative species-level clades with already described taxa. We found that the genus consists of at least six species, of which we described four as new to science. Shell and soft body morphology was examined and the radula in Tibetoradix was described for the first time. Based on our findings, the diversification of the genus did not result in a prominent morphological differentiation and a number of species can be regarded as morphologically cryptic. Single species found in different drainage areas indicate relatively good passive dispersal abilities of the snails. The allopatric distribution of the species could result from competitive exclusion between them. The absence of Tibetoradix spp. outside the Tibetan Plateau could be explained by a scenario of an "evolutionary trap", where adaptations to high elevation conditions prevented the taxa from a successful colonization of lower elevations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim V Vinarski
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., Saint-Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Parm Viktor von Oheimb
- Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, Berlin, 10115, Germany
| | - Olga V Aksenova
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., Saint-Petersburg, 199034, Russia.,N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Gofarov
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia
| | - Alexander V Kondakov
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., Saint-Petersburg, 199034, Russia.,N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia
| | - Ivan O Nekhaev
- Department of Applied Ecology, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., Saint-Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Ivan N Bolotov
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia.,Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 17 Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rassam H, Albrecht C, Sousa R, Lopes-Lima M, Benaissa H, Ghamizi M. Intraspecific Variation in the Common Pea Clam, Pisidium casertanum (Poli, 1791) (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae): A Geometric Morphometric Analysis. MALACOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.4002/040.063.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Rassam
- Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech- Université Cadi Ayyad, Maroc
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 (IFZ), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA – Centre of Molecular & Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel Lopes-Lima
- CIIMAR/CIMAR – Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine & Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Hassan Benaissa
- Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech- Université Cadi Ayyad, Maroc
| | - Mohamed Ghamizi
- Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech- Université Cadi Ayyad, Maroc
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Unexpected diversity in northern Europe: trematodes from salmonid fishes in Iceland with two new species of Crepidostomum Braun, 1900. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2439-2462. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
8
|
Mahulu A, Clewing C, Stelbrink B, Chibwana FD, Tumwebaze I, Russell Stothard J, Albrecht C. Cryptic intermediate snail host of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica in Africa. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:573. [PMID: 31801595 PMCID: PMC6894237 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snails such as Galba truncatula are hosts for trematode flukes causing fascioliasis, a zoonosis that is a major public health problem. Galba truncatula has recently been shown to be a cryptic species complex. African populations of Galba spp. are not yet studied using molecular assessments and is imperative to do so and reconstruct the centre of origin of Galba and to understand when and by what means it may have colonized the highlands of Africa and to what extent humans might have been involved in that process. METHODS Samples from all known sub-ranges throughout Africa and new samples from Europe and Asia were obtained. We used a combination of two mitochondrial (cox1 and 16S) and one nuclear (ITS2) markers and phylogenetic, divergence time estimates and phylogeographical methods to determine the identity and biogeographical affinities. We also reconstructed the colonization history including the likely mode of dispersal and tested for the presence of cryptic Galba species in Africa. RESULTS Galba truncatula is restricted to the Palaearctic region of the continent, namely Morocco. All sub-Saharan populations proved to be a distinct species according to the phylogenetic analyses and genetic distance. We propose to use the existing name Galba mweruensis (Connolly, 1929) for this species which is morphologically indistinguishable from the other two species hitherto known to occur in northern Africa, i.e. G. truncatula and G. schirazensis. Sub-tropical Africa has been colonized only once in either the Pliocene and possibly Miocene. Diversification within G. mweruensis is dated to the Plio-Pleistocene and thus human-mediated dispersal can be ruled out for the initial colonization of the isolated mountain ranges. There are potentially even more cryptic species in high altitude areas of Africa as outlined by the distinctness of the population found at the top of Mt. Elgon, Uganda. CONCLUSIONS From a novel genetic inspection of available African material, a hitherto neglected distinct species, G. mweruensis, now appears a major host of F. hepatica throughout sub-Saharan Africa. A closer examination of trematode parasites hosted by this species is needed in order to understand transmission patterns in highlands throughout eastern and southern Africa. We encourage future studies to inspect other high altitudes areas in Africa in light of parasites of either veterinary or medical importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mahulu
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Björn Stelbrink
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fred D. Chibwana
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Zoology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Immaculate Tumwebaze
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - J. Russell Stothard
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bogatov VV, Prozorova LA. Taxonomy and Diversity of Freshwater Bivalve Mollusks (Bivalvia) of China (Based on Analysis of the Catalog by He and Zhuang, 2013). BIOL BULL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359017080040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Bespalaya Y, Bolotov I, Aksenova O, Kondakov A, Spitsyn V, Kogut Y, Sokolova S. Two Pisidium species inhabit freshwater lakes of Novaya Zemlya Archipelago: the first molecular evidence. Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Clewing C, Albrecht C, Wilke T. A Complex System of Glacial Sub-Refugia Drives Endemic Freshwater Biodiversity on the Tibetan Plateau. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160286. [PMID: 27500403 PMCID: PMC4976922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although only relatively few freshwater invertebrate families are reported from the Tibetan Plateau, the degree of endemism may be high. Many endemic lineages occur within permafrost areas, raising questions about the existence of isolated intra-plateau glacial refugia. Moreover, if such refugia existed, it might be instructive to learn whether they were associated with lakes or with more dynamic ecosystems such as ponds, wetlands, or springs. To study these hypotheses, we used pulmonate snails of the plateau-wide distributed genus Radix as model group and the Lake Donggi Cona drainage system, located in the north-eastern part of the plateau, as model site. First, we performed plateau-wide phylogenetic analyses using mtDNA data to assess the overall relationships of Radix populations inhabiting the Lake Donggi Cona system for revealing refugial lineages. We then conducted regional phylogeographical analyses applying a combination of mtDNA and nuclear AFLP markers to infer the local structure and demographic history of the most abundant endemic Radix clade for identifying location and type of (sub-)refugia within the drainage system. Our phylogenetic analysis showed a high diversity of Radix lineages in the Lake Donggi Cona system. Subsequent phylogeographical analyses of the most abundant endemic clade indicated a habitat-related clustering of genotypes and several Late Pleistocene spatial/demographic expansion events. The most parsimonious explanation for these patterns would be a scenario of an intra-plateau glacial refugium in the Lake Donggi Cona drainage system, which might have consisted of isolated sub-refugia. Though the underlying processes remain unknown, an initial separation of lake and watershed populations could have been triggered by lake-level fluctuations before and during the Last Glacial Maximum. This study inferred the first intra-plateau refugium for freshwater animals on the Tibetan Plateau. It thus sheds new light on the evolutionary history of its endemic taxa and provides important insights into the complex refugial history of a high-altitude ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wilke
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bößneck U, Clewing C, Albrecht C. Exploring high-mountain limnic faunas: discovery of a novel endemic bivalve species (Sphaeriidae : Pisidium) in the Nepal Himalayas. INVERTEBR SYST 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/is15043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
High-mountain regions are known to harbour considerable biodiversity, although it is not all well known. The terrestrial fauna of the world’s largest mountain range, the Himalayas, has been moderately well studied, but this is not the case with the limnic fauna, and especially molluscs. During intensive malacozoological field surveys conducted over the past 20 years, the bivalve family Sphaeriidae has been studied in Nepal along an elevational gradient from 100 to 4010 m above sea level (a.s.l.). Here we describe a new species of Sphaeriidae, Pisidium alexeii, sp. nov., based on comprehensive molecular phylogenetics, anatomy and shell morphology. The species can be clearly distinguished from all other sphaeriid species occurring in Nepal. A molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear data inferred the oriental biogeographical affinity of the new species. The species is ecologically restricted and only occurs at a few sites between 1010 and 1700 m a.s.l. A review and updated checklist of the sphaeriid fauna of Nepal is provided and biodiversity and biogeographical patterns are discussed.
Collapse
|
13
|
Clewing C, Riedel F, Wilke T, Albrecht C. Ecophenotypic plasticity leads to extraordinary gastropod shells found on the "Roof of the World". Ecol Evol 2015; 5:2966-79. [PMID: 26306180 PMCID: PMC4541999 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The often extraordinary shell forms and shapes of gastropods found in palaeolakes, such as the highly diverse Gyraulus fauna of the famous Steinheim Basin, have been puzzling evolutionary biologists for centuries, and there is an ongoing debate whether these aberrant shell forms are indicative of true species (or subspecies) or ecophenotypic morphs. Interestingly, one of the Steinheim Gyraulus morphs – a corkscrew-like open-coiled shell – has a recent analogue in the Lake Bangong drainage system on the western Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, a combination of morphological, molecular, palaeolimnological, and ecological analyses was used in this study to assess whether the extraordinary shell shape in Gyraulus sp. from this drainage system represents a (young) ecophenotypic phenomenon or if it has been genetically fixed over an extended period of time. Our morphological, ecological, and palaeolimnological data suggest that the corkscrew-like specimens remain restricted to a small pond near Lake Bangong with an elevated pH value and that the colonization may have occurred recently. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on two gene fragments shows that these nonplanispiral specimens cluster within the previous described Tibetan Plateau Gyraulus clade N2. A network analysis indicates that some haplotypes are even shared by planispiral and nonplanispiral specimens. Given the ephemerality of the phenomenon, the compact network patterns inferred, the likely young phylogenetic age of the aberrant Gyraulus shells studied, and the ecological peculiarities of the study site, we suggest that the evolution of the aberrant shell forms on the Tibetan Plateau could likely be considered as a rapid ecophenotypic response, possibly induced by ecological stress. This finding may thus have implications for the ongoing debate about the processes that have caused the extraordinary shell diversity in palaeolakes such as the Steinheim Basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank Riedel
- Palaeontology, Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Key Laboratory of Plateau Lake Ecology and Global Change, College of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University Yunnan, China
| | - Thomas Wilke
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Occurrence of a Sphaerium species (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae) of Nearctic origin in European Arctic Russia (Vaigach Island) indicates an ancient exchange between freshwater faunas across the Arctic. Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|