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Kwaśna M, Cłapińska P, Piosik Z, Barysz K, Dubiec I, Bęben A, Ordyniec-Kwaśnica I. Intraoral Applications of Lasers in the Prosthetic Rehabilitation with Fixed Partial Dentures-A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:164. [PMID: 38920865 PMCID: PMC11202459 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Laser, an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, is a powerful tool with diverse applications in modern dentistry. It emits monochromatic, coherent light resulting from photon-induced chain reactions. Available dental lasers include diode, argon, Er,Cr:YSGG, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG, and CO2. The unique property of these lasers, allowing them to be effectively used on both soft and hard tissues based on the operational parameters, positions them as particularly suited for a wide range of dental procedures. Compared to traditional methods, lasers offer advantages such as improved hemostasis and quicker wound healing. Such benefits stress the shift towards laser technology in dental treatment. In the realm of dental prosthodontics, which focuses on esthetics, functionality, and the physiological aspects of dental prostheses, lasers provide promising outcomes. Among the prosthetic options, fixed partial dentures stand out for their ability to mimic natural teeth, offering both esthetic and functional features, leading to satisfactory long-term outcomes if managed properly. This review paper delves into the specific application of laser technology in the context of prosthetic rehabilitation involving fixed partial dentures. By investigating intraoral laser procedures, it contributes to understanding laser's role in improving patients' satisfaction and clinical efficiency in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kwaśna
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Elizy Orzeszkowej 18, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.C.); (Z.P.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.B.); (I.O.-K.)
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Dai K, Wu J, Zhao Z, Yu H, Zhao Z, Gao B. Surface Texture Designs to Improve the Core-Veneer Bond Strength of Zirconia Restorations Using Digital Light Processing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6072. [PMID: 37763350 PMCID: PMC10650084 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Veneered zirconia ceramics are widely used for dental restorations. However, the relatively poor bonding strength between the ceramic core and veneer porcelain remains a common problem in clinical applications. To address this issue, this study focused on enhancing the core-veneer bond strength of zirconia restorations through the implementation of surface textures using digital light processing (DLP) technology. The light intensity was precisely tuned to optimize mechanical strength and minimize light scattering. Subsequently, hexagonal or square grids were printed on the surface of the zirconia ceramic core. Following veneering procedures, the shear bond strength (SBS) test was conducted using a universal testing machine. Dates were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) test. Furthermore, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the failure modes and observe the cross-sectional structures, respectively. The results indicated that the presence of a 0.09 mm high hexagon grid led to a significant 21% increase in the SBS value. However, grids with heights of 0.2 and 0.3 mm showed less improvement, owing to the formation of large defects at the interface during the fusion process. This study demonstrated the potential of DLP technology in preparing zirconia ceramics with complex structures and high mechanical strength, thereby offering promising solutions for overcoming challenges associated with dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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Hayashi T, Asakura M, Koie S, Hasegawa S, Mieki A, Aimu K, Kawai T. In Vitro Study of Zirconia Surface Modification for Dental Implants by Atomic Layer Deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10101. [PMID: 37373249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zirconia is a promising material for dental implants; however, an appropriate surface modification procedure has not yet been identified. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a nanotechnology that deposits thin films of metal oxides or metals on materials. The aim of this study was to deposit thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO) on zirconia disks (ZR-Ti, ZR-Al, ZR-Si, and ZR-Zn, respectively) using ALD and evaluate the cell proliferation abilities of mouse fibroblasts (L929) and mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on each sample. Zirconia disks (ZR; diameter 10 mm) were fabricated using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system. Following the ALD of TiO2, Al2O3, SiO2, or ZnO thin film, the thin-film thickness, elemental distribution, contact angle, adhesion strength, and elemental elution were determined. The L929 and MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and morphologies on each sample were observed on days 1, 3, and 5 (L929) and days 1, 4, and 7 (MC3T3-E1). The ZR-Ti, ZR-Al, ZR-Si, and ZR-Zn thin-film thicknesses were 41.97, 42.36, 62.50, and 61.11 nm, respectively, and their average adhesion strengths were 163.5, 140.9, 157.3, and 161.6 mN, respectively. The contact angle on ZR-Si was significantly lower than that on all the other specimens. The eluted Zr, Ti, and Al amounts were below the detection limits, whereas the total Si and Zn elution amounts over two weeks were 0.019 and 0.695 ppm, respectively. For both L929 and MC3T3-E1, the cell numbers increased over time on ZR, ZR-Ti, ZR-Al, and ZR-Si. Particularly, cell proliferation in ZR-Ti exceeded that in the other samples. These results suggest that ALD application to zirconia, particularly for TiO2 deposition, could be a new surface modification procedure for zirconia dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhide Hayashi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Masaki Asakura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Shin Koie
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Shogo Hasegawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Akimichi Mieki
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Koki Aimu
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kawai
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
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Souza JCM, Raffaele-Esposito A, Carvalho O, Silva F, Özcan M, Henriques B. Surface modification of zirconia or lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramic by laser texturing to increase the adhesion of prosthetic surfaces to resin cements: an integrative review. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05016-z. [PMID: 37069409 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to perform an integrative review on laser texturing the inner surface of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramic or zirconia to increase their bond strength to resin-matrix cements. MATERIALS AND METHOD A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search terms: "zirconia" OR "lithium disilicate" AND "laser" AND "surface" OR "roughness" AND "bond strength" AND "luting agent" OR "resin cement." Studies published in English language until March 15, 2023, were selected regarding the purpose of this study. RESULTS A total of fifty-six studies were identified althoug thirteen studies were selected. The findings revealed that zirconia surfaces were significantly modified after laser irradiation resulting in macro-scale aligned retentive regions with depth values ranging from 50 to 120 µm. Average roughness values of laser-textured zirconia by Er,Cr:YSGG laser (~ 0.83 µm) were quite similar when compared to grit-blasted zirconia surfaces (~ 0.9 µm) although roughness increased up to 2.4 µm depending on the laser type and parameters. Lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramics textured with Er:YAG revealed an average roughness of around 3.5 µm while surfaces textured using Nd:YAG laser revealed an average roughness of 2.69 µm; that was quite similar to the roughness values recorded for etched surfaces (2.64 µm). The shear bond strength (SBS) values of zirconia surfaces textured on Nd:YVO4 laser irradiation were slightly higher (~ 33.5 MPa) than those recorded for grit-blasted zirconia surfaces (28 MPa). Laser-textured zirconia surfaces on CO2 laser revealed higher SBS values (18.1 ±0.8 MPa) than those (9.1 ± 0.56 MPa) recorded for untreated zirconia surfaces. On lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramics, higher SBS values to resin-matrix cements were recorded for specimens textured with a combination of fractional CO2 laser irradiation and HF acid etching (~ 22-24 MPa) when compared with grit-blasted specimens (12.2 MPa). Another study revealed SBS values at around 27.5 MPa for Er:YAG-textured lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramics to resin-matrix cements. CONCLUSIONS The laser irradiation at high power increases the roughness of the inner surface of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramic or zirconia leading to an enhanced bond strength to resin-matrix cements. Thus, the laser type and irradiation parameters can be adjusted to enhance the macro- and micro-scale retention of zirconia and glass ceramic surfaces to resin-matrix cements. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Alternative methods for surface modification of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramic and zirconia surfaces have been assessed to provide proper morphological aspects for enhanced adhesion to resin-matrix cements. An increase in the bond strength of glass ceramics or zirconia to resin-matrix cements can improve the long-term performance of cemented prosthetic structures in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio C M Souza
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal.
- LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Portugal.
- University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, Gandra, PRD, 4585-116, Portugal.
| | | | - Oscar Carvalho
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Filipe Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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Zirconia Nanoparticles as Reinforcing Agents for Contemporary Dental Luting Cements: Physicochemical Properties and Shear Bond Strength to Monolithic Zirconia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032067. [PMID: 36768390 PMCID: PMC9916921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofillers in resin materials can improve their mechanical and physicochemical properties. The present work investigated the effects of zirconia nanoparticles (NPs) as fillers in commercial dental luting cements. Two dual-cured self-adhesive composites and one resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) luting cement were employed. Film thickness (FT), flexural strength (FS), water sorption (Wsp), and shear bond strength (SBS) to monolithic zirconia were evaluated according to ISO 16506:2017 and ISO 9917-2:2017, whereas polymerization progress was evaluated with FTIR. Photopolymerization resulted in double the values of DC%. The addition of 1% wt NPs does not significantly influence polymerization, however, greater amounts do not promote crosslinking. The sorption behavior and the mechanical performance of the composites were not affected, while the film thickness increased in all luting agents, within the acceptable limits. Thermocycling (TC) resulted in a deteriorating effect on all composites. The addition of NPs significantly improved the mechanical properties of the RMGI cement only, without negatively affecting the other cements. Adhesive primer increased the initial SBS significantly, however after TC, its application was only beneficial for RMGI. The MDP containing luting cement showed higher SBS compared to the RMGI and 4-META luting agents. Future commercial adhesives containing zirconia nanoparticles could provide cements with improved mechanical properties.
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Etibarlı N, Üstün Ö, Akan T. Effect of nonthermal argon plasma treatment on the surface properties and phase transformation of zirconia. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:136-140. [PMID: 36990759 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the effect of applying different parameters of nonthermal argon plasma (NTAP) on the surface roughness and phase transformation of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) ceramics. METHODS A total of 60 zirconia samples were prepared and randomly divided into six groups according to their surface treatments (n = 10). Group 1: control group; Group 2: argon plasma with a flow rate of 5 lt/min for 4 min; Group 3: 8 lt/min for 4 min; Group 4: 8 lt/min for 2 min; Group 5: 5 l/min for 2 min; Group 6: air abrasion with Al2O3 particle. The surface roughness was measured with a profilometer, and surface topography was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to investigate the phase transformation. RESULTS The air abrasion group showed the highest surface roughness. The lowest relative monoclinic phase amount (Xm) was observed in the control group (0.4%), and the highest Xm value was observed in group 6 (7.8%). CONCLUSION While the air abrasion group showed the highest average surface roughness, it also caused the highest phase transformation. With a flow rate of 8 lt/min for 2 min NTAP treatment increased the surface roughness without causing significant phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Özlem Üstün
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University
| | - Tamer Akan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Osmangazi University
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Hasan J, Bright R, Hayles A, Palms D, Zilm P, Barker D, Vasilev K. Preventing Peri-implantitis: The Quest for a Next Generation of Titanium Dental Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4697-4737. [PMID: 36240391 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are frequently the biomaterial of choice for dental implant applications. Although titanium dental implants have been utilized for decades, there are yet unresolved issues pertaining to implant failure. Dental implant failure can arise either through wear and fatigue of the implant itself or peri-implant disease and subsequent host inflammation. In the present report, we provide a comprehensive review of titanium and its alloys in the context of dental implant material, and how surface properties influence the rate of bacterial colonization and peri-implant disease. Details are provided on the various periodontal pathogens implicated in peri-implantitis, their adhesive behavior, and how this relationship is governed by the implant surface properties. Issues of osteointegration and immunomodulation are also discussed in relation to titanium dental implants. Some impediments in the commercial translation for a novel titanium-based dental implant from "bench to bedside" are discussed. Numerous in vitro studies on novel materials, processing techniques, and methodologies performed on dental implants have been highlighted. The present report review that comprehensively compares the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of titanium and its alloys for dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Hasan
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Richard Bright
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Hayles
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis Palms
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Zilm
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Barker
- ANISOP Holdings, Pty. Ltd., 101 Collins St, Melbourne VIC, 3000 Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
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Kim UG, Choi JY, Lee JB, Yeo ISL. Platelet-rich plasma alone is unable to trigger contact osteogenesis on titanium implant surfaces. Int J Implant Dent 2022; 8:25. [PMID: 35666399 PMCID: PMC9170848 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-022-00427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osseointegration consists of bidirectional bone formation around modified implant surfaces by contact osteogenesis and distance osteogenesis. This study tested whether contact osteogenesis on the surface of a modified titanium (Ti) implant is stimulated by cytokines in the blood. METHODS In the first two types of experiments, sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched Ti implants and turned Ti tubes were inserted into rabbit tibiae. To exclude the influence of distance osteogenesis, the tubes were inserted into the tibiae, and implants were placed inside the tubes. In a third type of experiment, the implants and tubes were inserted into the rabbit tibiae, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was applied topically. Four weeks after implantation, undecalcified specimens were prepared for histomorphometry. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area per tissue (BA) were measured, and the data were analysed using one-way ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS When the response of bone to Ti tubes with implants was compared to that without implants (first experiment), little bone formation was found inside the tubes. The mean BIC of implant specimens inside the tubes was 21.41 ± 13.81% in a second experiment that evaluated bone responses to implants with or without Ti tubes. This mean BIC value was significantly lower than that in the implant-only group (without tubes) (47.32 ± 12.09%, P = 0.030). The third experiment showed that rhBMP-2 significantly increased contact osteogenesis on the implant surface, whereas PRP had no effect (mean BIC: 66.53 ± 14.06% vs. 16.34 ± 15.98%, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Platelet-rich plasma alone is unable to trigger contact osteogenesis on the modified titanium implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ung-Gyu Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Jung-You Choi
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Sung Luke Yeo
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Inokoshi M, Yoshihara K, Kakehata M, Yashiro H, Nagaoka N, Tonprasong W, Xu K, Minakuchi S. Preliminary Study on the Optimization of Femtosecond Laser Treatment on the Surface Morphology of Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramics and Highly Translucent Zirconia Ceramics. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103614. [PMID: 35629640 PMCID: PMC9143866 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
All-ceramic restorations have become increasingly popular in dentistry. Toward ensuring that these restorations adhere to the tooth structure, this study determines the optimal femtosecond laser (FL) treatment parameters for lithium disilicate glass-ceramics and highly translucent zirconia ceramics with respect to surface morphology. For both the ceramics, the following surface conditions were investigated: (1) as-sintered; (2) Al2O3 sandblasted; (3) FL treatment (dot pattern with line distances of 14, 20, and 40 µm); (4) FL treatment (crossed-line pattern with a line distance of 20 and 40 µm). Surface roughness parameters were estimated using a 3D confocal laser microscope; microstructures were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. Peak fluence (Fpeak) values of 4 and 8 J/cm2 and irradiation numbers (N) of 20 and 10 shots were selected to create dot patterns in highly translucent zirconia and lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, respectively. Furthermore, Fpeak = 8 J/cm2 and N = 20 shots were chosen to obtain crossed-line patterns in both ceramics. Our results show that lithium disilicate glass-ceramics and highly translucent zirconia exhibit a similar surface morphology under each of the surface treatment conditions. Therefore, FL irradiation of dot or crossed-line patterns (at a distance of 20 and 40 µm) are potential candidates for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanao Inokoshi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (W.T.); (K.X.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Takamatsu 761-0395, Japan;
- Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kakehata
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan; (M.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hidehiko Yashiro
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan; (M.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Noriyuki Nagaoka
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Watcharapong Tonprasong
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (W.T.); (K.X.); (S.M.)
| | - Kaiqi Xu
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (W.T.); (K.X.); (S.M.)
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (W.T.); (K.X.); (S.M.)
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Siarampi E, Sarafidou K, Papadopoulou L, Kantiranis N, Kontonasaki E, Koidis P. Effect of different zirconia surface pretreatments on the flexural strength of veneered Y-TZP ceramic before and after in vitro aging. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:491-501. [PMID: 34853249 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The investigation of zirconia core surface pretreatments on the flexural strength of bilayered zirconia ceramics before and after artificial accelerating aging. METHODS Ninety bar-shaped specimens were manufactured from Yttria Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP) and divided in three groups depending on zirconia surface pretreatment before veneering: layering with liner, pretreatment with silane-containing gas flame (SGF) with the Silano-Pen device and alumina air-abrasion. Half of the veneered specimens in each group (n=15) underwent artificial accelerating aging. A 4-point bending test was performed to determine flexural strength. Three specimens from each group were further analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) before veneering and after fracture (aged and non-aged subgroups). RESULTS Alumina air-abrasion was correlated to increased phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic zirconia phase. Qualitative analysis revealed that with the majority of the specimens pretreated with the silane-containing gas flame, areas of the veneering material remained firmly attached to the zirconia core after flexural strength testing. There was no statistically significant difference on the flexural strength among the groups before or after aging. Artificial accelerating aging resulted in statistically significant higher flexural strength of the specimens after aging. CONCLUSION SGF pretreatment can be an acceptable and feasible alternative method before the veneering of Y-TZP zirconia as it presented slightly higher bond strength compared with alumina air-abrasion which was associated with higher tetragonal to monoclinic (t→m) phase transformation. Accelerating aging leads to an increase of the mechanical properties under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Siarampi
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katia Sarafidou
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambrini Papadopoulou
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kantiranis
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Koidis
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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The Use of Lasers in Dental Materials: A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123370. [PMID: 34207048 PMCID: PMC8234179 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lasers have been well integrated in clinical dentistry for the last two decades, providing clinical alternatives in the management of both soft and hard tissues with an expanding use in the field of dental materials. One of their main advantages is that they can deliver very low to very high concentrated power at an exact point on any substrate by all possible means. The aim of this review is to thoroughly analyze the use of lasers in the processing of dental materials and to enlighten the new trends in laser technology focused on dental material management. New approaches for the elaboration of dental materials that require high energy levels and delicate processing, such as metals, ceramics, and resins are provided, while time consuming laboratory procedures, such as cutting restorative materials, welding, and sintering are facilitated. In addition, surface characteristics of titanium alloys and high strength ceramics can be altered. Finally, the potential of lasers to increase the adhesion of zirconia ceramics to different substrates has been tested for all laser devices, including a new ultrafast generation of lasers.
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Kaczmarek K, Leniart A, Lapinska B, Skrzypek S, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Selected Spectroscopic Techniques for Surface Analysis of Dental Materials: A Narrative Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2624. [PMID: 34067921 PMCID: PMC8156406 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The presented work focuses on the application of spectroscopic methods, such as Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry (MS), which are widely employed in the investigation of the surface properties of dental materials. Examples of the research of materials used as tooth fillings, surface preparation in dental prosthetics, cavity preparation methods and fractographic studies of dental implants are also presented. The cited studies show that the above techniques can be valuable tools as they are expanding the research capabilities of materials used in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrzej Leniart
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Slawomira Skrzypek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
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Novel Femto Laser Patterning of High Translucent Zirconia as an Alternative to Conventional Particle Abrasion. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9020020. [PMID: 33567579 PMCID: PMC7915195 DOI: 10.3390/dj9020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: currently applied surface treatments for zirconia bonding may create undesired microcracks and surface flaws. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of alternative surface treatments on the shear bond strength of high translucency zirconia to 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing resin-based cement. Methods: fifty disk-shaped specimens (10 mm × 5 mm) were fabricated from a commercial yttria-stabilized zirconia with 5 mole% yttrium oxide tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (5Y-TZP), and underwent air-abrasion with alumina particles (50 μm-AL50 and 90 μm-AL90), glass beads (GB 10–60 μm), and ablation with femtosecond laser (FEMTO). Shear bond strength was evaluated with a universal testing machine under a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Fracture type was evaluated with an optical stereomicroscope. Differences among groups were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni pairwise comparison tests (p < 0.05). Results: the highest shear bond strength values were presented by the laser treated group (23.97 ± 3.7 MPa). No statistically significant differences were found among the Cl, Al50, Al90 and FEMTO groups. The lowest mean value was presented by the glass-beads treated group (11.93 ± 2.88 MPa) which was significantly lower compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: under the limitations of this in vitro study, femtosecond laser treatment of High-translucent monolithic zirconia (HTZ) ceramics is a promising alternative method for the mechanical retention of resin cements.
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