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Sharma S, Deep S. Inhibition of fibril formation by polyphenols: molecular mechanisms, challenges, and prospective solutions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6717-6727. [PMID: 38835221 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00822g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Fibril formation is a key feature in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and systemic amyloidosis. Polyphenols, found in plant-based foods, show promise in inhibiting fibril formation and disrupting disease progression. The ability of polyphenols to break the amyloid fibrils of many disease-linked proteins has been tested in numerous studies. Polyphenols have their distinctive mechanism of action. They behave differently on various events in the aggregation pathway. Their action also differs for different proteins. Some polyphenols only inhibit the formation of fibrils whereas others break the preformed fibrils. Some break the fibrils into smaller species, and some change them to other morphologies. This article delves into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of polyphenols on fibrillogenesis, shedding light on their interactions with amyloidogenic proteins and the disruption of fibril assembly pathways. However, addressing the challenges associated with solubility, stability, and bioavailability of polyphenols is crucial. The current strategies involve nanotechnology to improve the solubility and bioavailability, thus showing the potential to enhance the efficacy of polyphenols as therapeutics. Advancements in structural biology, computational modeling, and biophysics have provided insights into polyphenol-fibril interactions, offering hope for novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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2
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de Barros DPC, Fonseca LP, Gonçalves LG, Serrano DS, Oliva A. Design and Biocompatibility of Biodegradable Poly(octamethylene suberate) Nanoparticles to Treat Skin Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:753. [PMID: 38931876 PMCID: PMC11207594 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable aliphatic polyester formulations as carriers for topical drug delivery show the potential to encapsulate structurally different therapeutic compounds. Poly(octamethylene suberate) (POS) nanoparticles (POS-NPs) were used as a matrix to encapsulate four therapeutic molecules used to treat skin disorders: caffeine (CF), quercetin (QR), hydrocortisone (HC), and adapalene (AD). Hydrophobicity and chemical structure of bioactive compounds (BCs) influenced the physicochemical stability of drug-loaded nanoparticles. The particle size of drug-loaded nanoparticles was between 254.9 nm for the CF-POS-NP and 1291.3 for QR-POS-NP. Particles had a negative charge from -27.6 mV (QR) to -49.2 mV (HC). Drug loading content for all BC-POS-NPs varies between 36.11 ± 1.48% (CF-POS-NP) and 66.66 ± 4.87% (AD-POS-NP), and their entrapment efficiency is relatively high (28.30 ± 1.81% and 99.95 ± 0.04%, respectively). Calorimetric analysis showed the appearance of polymorphism for AD- and HC-loaded systems and the drug's complete solubilisation into all nanoparticle formulations. FTIR and NMR spectra showed apparent drug incorporation into the polymer matrix of NPs. The encapsulation of BCs enhanced the antioxidative effect. The prepared POS nanoparticles' cytotoxicity was studied using two dermal cell lines, keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and fibroblasts (HDFn). The nanoparticle cytotoxic effect was more substantial on HaCaT cell lines. A reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) was successfully used to investigate the penetration of polymeric NPs. Based on permeation and histology studies, HC-POS-NPs and CF-POS-NPs were shown not to be suitable for dermal applications with the explored drug concentrations. AD presents a high permeation rate and no toxic impact on RHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana P. C. de Barros
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidad Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (L.G.G.); (A.O.)
| | - Luís P. Fonseca
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidad de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Luís G. Gonçalves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidad Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (L.G.G.); (A.O.)
| | - Diogo S. Serrano
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidad de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Abel Oliva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidad Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (L.G.G.); (A.O.)
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Chu LL, Tran CTB, Pham DTK, Nguyen HTA, Nguyen MH, Pham NM, Nguyen ATV, Phan DT, Do HM, Nguyen QH. Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the Production of Flavonoids and Stilbenoids. Molecules 2024; 29:2252. [PMID: 38792114 PMCID: PMC11123965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and stilbenoids, crucial secondary metabolites abundant in plants and fungi, display diverse biological and pharmaceutical activities, including potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. However, conventional production methods, such as chemical synthesis and plant extraction, face challenges in sustainability and yield. Hence, there is a notable shift towards biological production using microorganisms like Escherichia coli and yeast. Yet, the drawbacks of using E. coli and yeast as hosts for these compounds persist. For instance, yeast's complex glycosylation profile can lead to intricate protein production scenarios, including hyperglycosylation issues. Consequently, Corynebacterium glutamicum emerges as a promising alternative, given its adaptability and recent advances in metabolic engineering. Although extensively used in biotechnological applications, the potential production of flavonoid and stilbenoid in engineered C. glutamicum remains largely untapped compared to E. coli. This review explores the potential of metabolic engineering in C. glutamicum for biosynthesis, highlighting its versatility as a cell factory and assessing optimization strategies for these pathways. Additionally, various metabolic engineering methods, including genomic editing and biosensors, and cofactor regeneration are evaluated, with a focus on C. glutamicum. Through comprehensive discussion, the review offers insights into future perspectives in production, aiding researchers and industry professionals in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Luong Chu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | - Chau T. Bang Tran
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
| | - Duyen T. Kieu Pham
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
| | - Hoa T. An Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
| | - Mi Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
| | - Nhung Mai Pham
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | - Anh T. Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | - Dung T. Phan
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
| | - Ha Minh Do
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
- National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Huy Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam (Q.H.N.)
- National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Niu Y, Chen Y, Zhou J, Sun W. Online electrochemistry coupling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for rapid investigation on the phase I and phase II simulated metabolic reactions of flavonoids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2541-2551. [PMID: 38451277 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, an online electrochemistry coupling high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (EC-HPLC-MS) technology has been developed for simulating metabolic reactions and rapid analysis of metabolites of flavone, quercetin, and rutin, which are not only widely present compounds with pharmacological activity in nature, but also have structural similarity and variability. The simulated metabolic processes of the substrates (phase I and phase II metabolism) were implemented on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by using different electrochemical methods. After online chromatographic separation, the products were transmitted to a mass spectrometer for detection, in order to speculate relevant reaction pathways and structural information of the reaction product. The main metabolites, including methylation, hydroxylation, hydrolysis, and conjugation reaction products, had been successfully identified through the designed in situ hyphenated technique. Furthermore, compared with metabolites produced by in vitro incubation of rat liver microsomes, it was found that the products of electrochemical simulated metabolism were more abundant with diverse metabolic pathways. The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited advantages in the sample pretreatment process and detection cycle without compromising the reliability and accuracy of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Niu
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.
| | - Yuxue Chen
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
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Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S. Dietary Polyphenols: Review on Chemistry/Sources, Bioavailability/Metabolism, Antioxidant Effects, and Their Role in Disease Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:429. [PMID: 38671877 PMCID: PMC11047380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as secondary metabolites ubiquitous in plant sources, have emerged as pivotal bioactive compounds with far-reaching implications for human health. Plant polyphenols exhibit direct or indirect associations with biomolecules capable of modulating diverse physiological pathways. Due to their inherent abundance and structural diversity, polyphenols have garnered substantial attention from both the scientific and clinical communities. The review begins by providing an in-depth analysis of the chemical intricacies of polyphenols, shedding light on their structural diversity and the implications of such diversity on their biological activities. Subsequently, an exploration of the dietary origins of polyphenols elucidates the natural plant-based sources that contribute to their global availability. The discussion extends to the bioavailability and metabolism of polyphenols within the human body, unraveling the complex journey from ingestion to systemic effects. A central focus of the review is dedicated to unravelling the antioxidant effects of polyphenols, highlighting their role in combating oxidative stress and associated health conditions. The comprehensive analysis encompasses their impact on diverse health concerns such as hypertension, allergies, aging, and chronic diseases like heart stroke and diabetes. Insights into the global beneficial effects of polyphenols further underscore their potential as preventive and therapeutic agents. This review article critically examines the multifaceted aspects of dietary polyphenols, encompassing their chemistry, dietary origins, bioavailability/metabolism dynamics, and profound antioxidant effects. The synthesis of information presented herein aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and health enthusiasts, fostering a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between polyphenols and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Samiksha Garse
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D Y Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai 400614, India;
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
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Wang G, Li P, Su SW, Xu R, Huang ZY, Yang TX, Li JM. Identification of key pathways and mRNAs in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome treatment with quercetin through bioinformatics analysis of mRNA-sequence data. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5949-5966. [PMID: 38526326 PMCID: PMC11042929 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic condition with painful bladder. At present, the pathogenesis of IC/BPS is still unknown. Quercetin (QCT) is a kind of natural flavonoid with wide sources and multiple biological activities. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of QCT on mRNA expression and related regulatory signal pathways in IC model rats. METHODS LL-37 was used to induce the IC/BPS model rats. 20 mg/kg QCT was injected intraperitoneally into IC/BPS rats. ELISA, HE, Masson and TB staining were used to evaluate the level of inflammation and pathology. The concentration of QCT in rats was detected by HPLC. The mRNA sequencing was used to detect the differentially expressed (DE) mRNA in each group. The over-expression experiment of Lpl was carried out in IC/BPS model rats. RESULTS QCT treatment significantly decreased the level of MPO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α induced by LL-37 in rats, and alleviated bladder injury and mast cell degranulation. There were significant differences in mRNA sequencing data between groups, and the hub gene Lpl were screened by Cytohubba. The expression of Lpl was downregulated in IC/BPS rats. QCT intervention promoted Lpl expression. Overexpression of Lpl reduced the bladder injury induced by LL-37, increased GAG level and decreased the expression of MPO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION In this study, we provided the DE mRNA in IC/BPS rats treated with QCT, the signaling pathways for DE enrichment, screened out the hub genes, and revealed that Lpl overexpression alleviated IC/BPS model rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Si-Wei Su
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ye Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Xin Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Jiong-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
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Laky M, Arslan M, Zhu X, Rausch-Fan X, Moritz A, Sculean A, Laky B, Ramseier CA, Stähli A, Eick S. Quercetin in the Prevention of Induced Periodontal Disease in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:735. [PMID: 38474862 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition initiated by oral bacteria and is associated with several systemic diseases. Quercetin is an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial poly-phenol present in various foods. The aim of this meta-analysis was the evaluation of the effects of quercetin administration in animal models of experimental periodontitis. METHODS A systematic search was performed in electronic databases using the following search terms: "periodontitis" or "periodontal disease" or "gingivitis" and "quercetin" or "cyanidanol" or "sophoretin" or "pentahydroxyflavone". In vivo preclinical animal models of experimental periodontal disease with a measurement of alveolar bone loss were included in the analysis. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the SYRCLE tool. RESULTS The systematic search yielded 335 results. Five studies were included, four of them qualified for a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that quercetin administration decreased alveolar bone loss (τ2 = 0.31, 1.88 mm 95%CI: 1.09, 2.67) in experimental periodontal disease animal models. However, the risk of bias assessment indicated that four SYRCLE domains had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin diminishes periodontal bone loss and prevents disease progression in animal models of experimental periodontal disease. Quercetin might facilitate periodontal tissue hemostasis by reducing senescent cells, decreasing oxidative stress via SIRT1-induced autophagy, limiting inflammation, and fostering an oral bacterial microenvironment of symbiotic microbiota associated with oral health. Future research will show whether and how the promising preclinical results can be translated into the clinical treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Laky
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Muazzez Arslan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xilei Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center of Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brenda Laky
- Center of Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Research Group for Regenerative and Orthopedic Medicine (AURROM), 1050 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Peng X, Shen LA, Bao Y, Liu C, Chen Q, Zhang H, Li J, Zhang Q. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 8-substituted quercetin derivatives targeting the β‑catenin/B-cell lymphoma 9 interaction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 98:129591. [PMID: 38097141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The β-catenin/B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) protein-protein interaction (PPI) is a potential target for aberrantly active Wnt/β-catenin signaling which actively participates in initiating and progressing of many cancers. Herein, we discovered novel 8-substituted quercetin derivatives with potential inhibitory activities targeting β-catenin/BCL9 PPI. Among all the derivatives, compound B4 displayed the most promising PPI inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2.25 μM in a competitive fluorescence polarization assay and a KD value of 1.44 μM for the β-catenin protein. Furthermore, B4 selectively inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, suppressed the transactivation of Wnt signaling, and downregulated the expression of oncogenic Wnt target gene. Especially, B4 showed potent anti-CRC activity in vivo with the tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 75.99 % and regulated the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Peng
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-An Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ya Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; National Key Laboratory of Lead Druggability Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China.
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Liu P, Kang X, Chen X, Luo X, Li C, Wang G. Quercetin targets SarA of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to mitigate biofilm formation. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0272223. [PMID: 38018987 PMCID: PMC10783115 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02722-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Anti-biofilm is an important strategy against Staphylococcus aureus chronic infection. SarA is a positive regulator of biofilm formation in S. aureus. In this study, we identified the SarA inhibitor quercetin using computer simulation screening. Previous studies have shown that quercetin inhibits biofilm; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. This study revealed the inhibitory effect of quercetin on the SarA protein. We also isolated the SarA protein and confirmed its interaction with quercetin in vitro. Besides, the inhibitory effect of quercetin on the transcription and translation levels of the SarA protein was also determined. The effects of quercetin on S. aureus biofilm inhibition and biofilm components were consistent with the changes in the transcription level of biofilm-related genes regulated by SarA. In summary, our study revealed the mechanism by which quercetin affects biofilm formation by inhibiting the transcriptional regulator SarA of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinyun Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Caixia Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Zhang W, Sun J, Zhang P, Yue R, Zhang Y, Niu F, Zhu H, Ma C, Deng S. Design, Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Quercetin Derivatives Containing a Quinoline Moiety. Molecules 2024; 29:240. [PMID: 38202823 PMCID: PMC10780609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid with significant biological and pharmacological activity. In this paper, quercetin was modified at the 3-OH position. Rutin was used as a raw material. We used methyl protection, Williamson etherification reactions, and then substitution reactions to prepare 15 novel quercetin derivatives containing a quinoline moiety. All these complexes were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and HRMS. Of these, compound 3e (IC50 = 6.722 μmol·L-1) had a better inhibitory effect on human liver cancer (HepG-2) than DDP (Cisplatin) (IC50 = 26.981 μmol·L-1). The mechanism of the action experiment showed that compound 3e could induce cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Ruixue Yue
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Fuxiang Niu
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Hong Zhu
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Chen Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
| | - Shaoying Deng
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.)
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Duangiad P, Nutho B, Chaijarasphong T, Morales NP, Pongtharangkul T, Hamachi I, Ojida A, Wongkongkatep J. Naturally occurring quercetin and myricetin as potent inhibitors for human ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:125. [PMID: 38167594 PMCID: PMC10761680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases 1 (ENPP1) is a key enzyme in purinergic signaling pathways responsible for cell-to-cell communications and regulation of several fundamental pathophysiological processes. In this study, Kyoto Green, a rapid chemical sensor of pyrophosphate, was employed to screen for effective ENPP1 inhibitors among five representative flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, morin, kaempferol, and quercetin-3-glucoside), five nucleosides (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, and cytidine), and five deoxynucleosides (2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyinosine, and 2'-deoxyuridine). Conventional colorimetric, fluorescence, and bioluminescence assays revealed that ENPP1 was effectively inhibited by quercetin (Ki ~ 4 nM) and myricetin (Ki ~ 32 nM) when ATP was used as a substrate at pH 7.4. In silico analysis indicated that the presence of a chromone scaffold, particularly one containing a hydroxyl group at the 3' position on the B ring, may promote binding to the active site pocket of ENPP1 and enhance inhibition. This study demonstrated that the naturally derived quercetin and myricetin could effectively inhibit ENPP1 enzymatic activity and may offer health benefits in arthritis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeradon Duangiad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Bodee Nutho
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Chaijarasphong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Phumala Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thunyarat Pongtharangkul
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jirarut Wongkongkatep
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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12
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Naidoo K, Khathi A. The Potential Role of Gossypetin in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Complications: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17609. [PMID: 38139436 PMCID: PMC10743819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance and dysfunctional beta (β)-cells in the pancreas. Hyperglycaemia is a characteristic of uncontrolled diabetes which eventually leads to fatal organ system damage. In T2DM, free radicals are continuously produced, causing extensive tissue damage and subsequent macro-and microvascular complications. The standard approach to managing T2DM is pharmacological treatment with anti-diabetic medications. However, patients' adherence to treatment is frequently decreased by the side effects and expense of medications, which has a detrimental impact on their health outcomes. Quercetin, a flavonoid, is a one of the most potent anti-oxidants which ameliorates T2DM. Thus, there is an increased demand to investigate quercetin and its derivatives, as it is hypothesised that similar structured compounds may exhibit similar biological activity. Gossypetin is a hexahydroxylated flavonoid found in the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Gossypetin has a similar chemical structure to quercetin with an extra hydroxyl group. Furthermore, previous literature has elucidated that gossypetin exhibits neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, reproprotective and nephroprotective properties. The mechanisms underlying gossypetin's therapeutic potential have been linked to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, this review highlights the potential role of gossypetin in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
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13
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Zhang W, Zheng Y, Yan F, Dong M, Ren Y. Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1203713. [PMID: 38054093 PMCID: PMC10694509 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids. More and more studies have found that quercetin has great potential utilization value in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, antibacterial, cholesterol lowering, endothelial cell protection, etc. However, the medicinal value of quercetin is mostly limited to animal models and preclinical studies. Due to the complexity of the human body and functional structure compared to animals, more research is needed to explore whether quercetin has the same mechanism of action and pharmacological value as animal experiments. In order to systematically understand the clinical application value of quercetin, this article reviews the research progress of quercetin in CVD, including preclinical and clinical studies. We will focus on the relationship between quercetin and common CVD, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension and arrhythmia, etc. By elaborating on the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical application research progress of quercetin's protective effect on CVD, data support is provided for the transformation of quercetin from laboratory to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Ren
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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14
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Alsharairi NA. Quercetin Derivatives as Potential Therapeutic Agents: An Updated Perspective on the Treatment of Nicotine-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15208. [PMID: 37894889 PMCID: PMC10607898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, represented by many compounds that exhibit high anticancer properties. Quercetin (Q) and its main derivatives (rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, rhamnetin, and hyperoside) in the class of flavonols have been documented to exert anticancer activity. Q has been shown to be useful in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as demonstrated by in vitro/in vivo studies, due to its antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenesis, and apoptotic properties. Some flavonoids (flavone, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins) have been demonstrated to be effective in nicotine-induced NSCLC treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms of quercetin derivatives (QDs) in nicotine-induced NSCLC treatment remain unclear. Thus, this review aims to summarize the available literature on the therapeutic effects of QDs in nicotine-induced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Alsharairi
- Heart, Mind and Body Research Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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15
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Xi Y, Shen J, Li X, Bao Y, Zhao T, Li B, Zhang X, Wang J, Bao Y, Gao J, Xie Z, Wang Q, Luo Q, Shi H, Li Z, Qin D. Regulatory Effects of Quercetin on Bone Homeostasis: Research Updates and Future Perspectives. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:2077-2094. [PMID: 37815494 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of bone homeostasis has become a major public medical problem amid the background of an aging population, which is closely related to the occurrence of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and fractures. Presently, most drugs used in the clinical treatment of bone homeostasis imbalance are bisphosphonates, calcitonin, estrogen receptor modulators, and biological agents that inhibit bone resorption or parathyroid hormone analogs that promote bone formation. However, there are many adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to explore potential drugs. Quercetin, as a flavonol compound with various biological activities, is widely distributed in plants. Studies have found that quercetin can regulate bone homeostasis through multiple pathways and targets. An in-depth exploration of the pharmacological mechanism of quercetin is of great significance for the development of new drugs. This review discusses the therapeutic mechanisms of quercetin on bone homeostasis, such as regulating the expression of long non-coding RNA, signaling pathways of bone metabolism, various types of programmed cell death, bone nutrients supply pathways, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, and activation of Sirtuins. We also summarize recent progress in improving quercetin bioavailability and propose some issues worth paying attention to, which may help guide future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiang Xi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiahuang Li
- The People's Hospital of Mengzi, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, P. R. China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yanyuan Bao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Gao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
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16
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Casper E. The crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways in coronary artery disease: Can it be regulated by SIRT6? Life Sci 2023; 330:122007. [PMID: 37544377 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major mechanisms responsible for the progression of CAD. Nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that modulates the cellular redox status. Nrf2 upregulation increases the expression of antioxidant genes, decreases the expression of Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and increases free radical metabolism. Activated NF-kB increases the production of inflammatory cytokines causing endothelial dysfunction. The two pathways of Nrf2 and NF-kB can regulate the expression of each other. Foremost, the Nrf2 pathway can decrease the level of active NF-κB by increasing the level of antioxidants and cytoprotective enzymes. Furthermore, the Nrf2 pathway prevents IκB-α degradation, an inhibitor of NF-kB, and thus inhibits NF-κB mediated transcription. Also, NF-kB transcription inhibits Nrf2 activation by reducing the antioxidant response element (ARE) transcription. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the Sirtuins family that was found to protect against cardiovascular diseases. SIRT6 can suppress the production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) through deacetylation of NRF2 which results in NRF2 activation. Furthermore, SIRT6 can inhibit the inflammatory process through the downregulation of NF-kB transcription. Therefore, targeting sirtuins could be a therapeutic strategy to treat CAD. This review describes the potential role of SIRT6 in regulating the crosstalk between NRF2 and NF-kB signaling pathways in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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17
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Lúcio M, Giannino N, Barreira S, Catita J, Gonçalves H, Ribeiro A, Fernandes E, Carvalho I, Pinho H, Cerqueira F, Biondi M, Lopes CM. Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Enriched Hydrogels for Skin Topical Administration of Quercetin and Omega-3 Fatty Acid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2078. [PMID: 37631292 PMCID: PMC10459668 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic skin exposure to external hostile agents (e.g., UV radiation, microorganisms, and oxidizing chemicals) may increase oxidative stress, causing skin damage and aging. Because of their well-known skincare and protective benefits, quercetin (Q) and omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) have attracted the attention of the dermocosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors. However, both bioactives have inherent properties that limit their efficient skin delivery. Therefore, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and enriched PFC® hydrogels (HGs) have been developed as a dual-approach vehicle for Q and/or ω3 skin topical administration to improve bioactives' stability and skin permeation. Two NLC formulations were prepared with the same lipid composition but differing in surfactant composition (NLC1-soy lecithin and poloxamer 407; NLC2-Tween® 80 and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS)), which have an impact on physicochemical properties and pharmaceutical and therapeutic performance. Despite both NLCs presenting high Q loading capacity, NLC2's physicochemical properties make them more suitable for topical skin administration and ensure longer colloidal stability. Additionally, NLC2 demonstrated a more sustained Q release, indicating higher bioactive storage while improving permeability. The occlusive effect of NLCs-enriched HGs also has a positive impact on skin permeability. Q-loaded NLC2, with or without ω3, -enriched HGs demonstrated efficacy as antioxidant and photoprotective formulations as well as effective reduction in S. aureus growth, indicating that they constitute a promising approach for topical skin administration to prevent skin aging and other damaging cutaneous processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Lúcio
- CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- CBMA, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nicole Giannino
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Sérgio Barreira
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
| | - José Catita
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
- Paralab, SA, 4420-392 Valbom, Portugal;
| | | | - Artur Ribeiro
- CEB, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.R.); (I.C.)
- LABBELS, Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Carvalho
- CEB, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.R.); (I.C.)
- LABBELS, Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Hugo Pinho
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Fátima Cerqueira
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco Biondi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Carla M. Lopes
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento (FP-I3ID), Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; (N.G.); (S.B.); (J.C.); (H.P.); (F.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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18
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Ysrafil Y, Sapiun Z, Slamet NS, Mohamad F, Hartati H, Damiti SA, Alexandra FD, Rahman S, Masyeni S, Harapan H, Mamada SS, Bin Emran T, Nainu F. Anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoid derivates. ADMET AND DMPK 2023; 11:331-359. [PMID: 37829324 PMCID: PMC10567070 DOI: 10.5599/admet.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals found abundantly in various plants. Scientific evidence has revealed that flavonoids display potential biological activities, including their ability to alleviate inflammation. This activity is closely related to their action in blocking the inflammatory cascade and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors. However, as flavonoids typically have poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile, it is quite challenging to establish these compounds as a drug. Nevertheless, progressive advancements in drug delivery systems, particularly in nanotechnology, have shown promising approaches to overcome such challenges. Review approach This narrative review provides an overview of scientific knowledge about the mechanism of action of flavonoids in the mitigation of inflammatory reaction prior to delivering a comprehensive discussion about the opportunity of the nanotechnology-based delivery system in the preparation of the flavonoid-based drug. Key results Various studies conducted in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials have deciphered that the anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids are closely linked to their ability to modulate various biochemical mediators, enzymes, and signalling pathways involved in the inflammatory processes. This compound could be encapsulated in nanotechnology platforms to increase the solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacological activity of flavonoids as well as reduce the toxic effects of these compounds. Conclusion In Summary, we conclude that flavonoids and their derivates have given promising results in their development as new anti-inflammatory drug candidates, especially if they formulate in nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ysrafil Ysrafil
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya 73111, Indonesia
| | - Zulfiayu Sapiun
- Department of Pharmacy, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96135, Indonesia
| | - Nangsih Sulastri Slamet
- Department of Pharmacy, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96135, Indonesia
| | - Fihrina Mohamad
- Department of Pharmacy, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96135, Indonesia
| | - Hartati Hartati
- Department of Pharmacy, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96135, Indonesia
| | - Sukmawati A Damiti
- Department of Midwivery, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Palangka Raya 73111, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
| | - Francisca Diana Alexandra
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya 73111, Indonesia
| | - Sudarman Rahman
- Faculty of mathematics and natural sciences, Universitas Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya 73111, Indonesia
| | - Sri Masyeni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanjiwani Hospital, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Sukamto S. Mamada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
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19
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Tronina T, Łużny M, Dymarska M, Urbaniak M, Kozłowska E, Piegza M, Stępień Ł, Janeczko T. Glycosylation of Quercetin by Selected Entomopathogenic Filamentous Fungi and Prediction of Its Products' Bioactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11857. [PMID: 37511613 PMCID: PMC10380404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoid in food products, including berries, apples, cauliflower, tea, cabbage, nuts, onions, red wine and fruit juices. It exhibits various biological activities and is used for medical applications, such as treating allergic, inflammatory and metabolic disorders, ophthalmic and cardiovascular diseases, and arthritis. However, its low water solubility may limit quercetin's therapeutic potential. One method of increasing the solubility of active compounds is their coupling to polar molecules, such as sugars. The attachment of a glucose unit impacts the stability and solubility of flavonoids and often determines their bioavailability and bioactivity. Entomopathogenic fungi are biocatalysts well known for their ability to attach glucose and its 4-O-methyl derivative to bioactive compounds, including flavonoids. We investigated the ability of cultures of entomopathogenic fungi belonging to Beauveria, Isaria, Metapochonia, Lecanicillium and Metarhizium genera to biotransform quercetin. Three major glycosylation products were detected: (1), 7-O-β-D-(4″-O-methylglucopyranosyl)-quercetin, (2) 3-O-β-D-(4″-O-methylglucopyranosyl)-quercetin and (3) 3-O-β-D-(glucopyranosyl)-quercetin. The results show evident variability of the biotransformation process, both between strains of the tested biocatalysts from different species and between strains of the same species. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the obtained compounds were predicted with the use of cheminformatics tools. The study showed that the obtained compounds may have applications as effective modulators of intestinal flora and may be stronger hepato-, cardio- and vasoprotectants and free radical scavengers than quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tronina
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Łużny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Piegza
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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20
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Geng Y, Liu X, Yu Y, Li W, Mou Y, Chen F, Hu X, Ji J, Ma L. From polyphenol to o-quinone: Occurrence, significance, and intervention strategies in foods and health implications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3254-3291. [PMID: 37219415 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidation is a chemical process impairing food freshness and other desirable qualities, which has become a serious problem in fruit and vegetable processing industry. It is crucial to understand the mechanisms involved in these detrimental alterations. o-Quinones are primarily generated by polyphenols with di/tri-phenolic groups through enzymatic oxidation and/or auto-oxidation. They are highly reactive species, which not only readily suffer the attack by nucleophiles but also powerfully oxidize other molecules presenting lower redox potentials via electron transfer reactions. These reactions and subsequent complicated reactions are capable of initiating quality losses in foods, such as browning, aroma loss, and nutritional decline. To attenuate these adverse influences, a variety of technologies have emerged to restrain polyphenol oxidation via governing different factors, especially polyphenol oxidases and oxygen. Despite tremendous efforts devoted, to date, the loss of food quality caused by quinones has remained a great challenge in the food processing industry. Furthermore, o-quinones are responsible for the chemopreventive effects and/or toxicity of the parent catechols on human health, the mechanisms by which are quite complex. Herein, this review focuses on the generation and reactivity of o-quinones, attempting to clarify mechanisms involved in the quality deterioration of foods and health implications for humans. Potential innovative inhibitors and technologies are also presented to intervene in o-quinone formation and subsequent reactions. In future, the feasibility of these inhibitory strategies should be evaluated, and further exploration on biological targets of o-quinones is of great necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Geng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Mou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfu Ji
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingjun Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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21
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Zhou X, Wang M, Li H, Ye S, Tang W. Widely targeted metabolomics reveals the antioxidant and anticancer activities of different colors of Dianthus caryophyllus. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1166375. [PMID: 37275648 PMCID: PMC10235515 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1166375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnation is edible flower that has potent antioxidant properties and is used in traditional Chinese medicinal system and food industry. The phytochemicals responsible for these various proprieties, however, are not fully understood. Thus, in order to recognize metabolite diversity and variability in carnation flowers of different colors and to discover key metabolites that contribute to the differences in antioxidant and anticancer activities, widely targeted LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics analysis was conducted on purple, green, yellow, and white carnation flowers. We identified and chemically categorized 932 metabolites. Metabolic compounds varied significantly with flower color. Several flavonoids, organic acids, phenolic acids, and nucleotides and their derivatives were found to be specific differential metabolites in purple flowers. A total of 128 key differential metabolites were screened. The purple flowers were found to have the highest antioxidant and anticancer activities compared to the other colored flowers. Correlation analysis revealed that the 6-hydroxykaempferol-3,6-O-diglucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, and 2'-deoxyguanosine were found to be the major constituents of the antioxidant and anticancer activities. 2'-Deoxyguanosine has effective antiproliferative activity against A549 and U2OS cells for the first report. At the same time, the combination of 2'-deoxyguanosine with 6-hydroxykaempferol-3, 6-O-diglucoside, or quercetin-3-O-sophoroside have also been found to increase the antitumor activity of 2'-deoxyguanosine. These discoveries enrich information on the phytochemical composition of carnation of different colors and provide resources for the overall use and improvement of carnation flowers quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Zhou
- Office of Science and Technology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Miaomaio Wang
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Li
- Office of Science and Technology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shilong Ye
- Open and Shared Public Science and Technology Service Platform, Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Wenru Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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22
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Belchor MN, Costa CRDC, Roggero A, Moraes LLF, Samelo R, Annunciato I, de Oliveira MA, Sousa SF, Toyama MH. In Silico Evaluation of Quercetin Methylated Derivatives on the Interaction with Secretory Phospholipases A2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040597. [PMID: 37111354 PMCID: PMC10143728 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin derivatives have already shown their anti-inflammatory potential, inhibiting essential enzymes involved in this process. Among diverse pro-inflammatory toxins from snake venoms, phospholipase A2 is one of the most abundant in some species, such as Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu from the Viperidae family. These enzymes can induce the inflammatory process through hydrolysis at the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. Hence, elucidating the main residues involved in the biological effects of these macromolecules can help to identify potential compounds with inhibitory activity. In silico tools were used in this study to evaluate the potential of quercetin methylated derivatives in the inhibition of bothropstoxin I (BthTX-I) and II (BthTX-II) from Bothrops jararacussu and phospholipase A2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus. The use of a transitional analogous and two classical inhibitors of phospholipase A2 guided this work to find the role of residues involved in the phospholipid anchoring and the subsequent development of the inflammatory process. First, main cavities were studied, revealing the best regions to be inhibited by a compound. Focusing on these regions, molecular docking assays were made to show main interactions between each compound. Results reveal that analogue and inhibitors, Varespladib (Var) and p-bromophenacyl bromide (BPB), guided quercetins derivatives analysis, revealing that Leu2, Phe5, Tyr28, glycine in the calcium-binding loop, His48, Asp49 of BthTX-II and Cdtspla2 were the main residues to be inhibited. 3MQ exhibited great interaction with the active site, similar to Var results, while Q anchored better in the BthTX-II active site. However, strong interactions in the C-terminal region, highlighting His120, seem to be crucial to decreasing contacts with phospholipid and BthTX-II. Hence, quercetin derivatives anchor differently with each toxin and further in vitro and in vivo studies are essential to elucidate these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Novo Belchor
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Ramos da Cruz Costa
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Airam Roggero
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Laila L F Moraes
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Samelo
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabelly Annunciato
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio F Sousa
- Unit of Applied Biomolecular Sciences (UCIBIO), REQUIMTE-BioSIM-Medicine Faculty, Porto University, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute of Paulista Coast Campus (IB/CLP), University of São Paulo State (UNESP), São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil
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23
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Al-Zharani M, Mubarak M, Rudayni HA, Al-Doaiss AA, Abd-Elwahab MM, Al-Eissa MS. Quercetin as a Dietary Supplementary Flavonoid Alleviates the Oxidative Stress Induced by Lead Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081888. [PMID: 37111107 PMCID: PMC10143896 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a naturally existing plant pigment belonging to the flavonoid group; it is contained in a wide range of vegetables and fruits. The accumulated evidence points to the potential uses of quercetin in protection of some disease conditions. Lead is one of the highly toxicant heavy metals that are widely spread in the environment and implicated in a wide spectrum of industries. No previous study has been reported to evaluate the effect of quercetin on lead toxicity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to elucidate some aspects of quercetin bioactivities in regard to its ability to combat the oxidative stress induced by lead toxicity. For this purpose, a total of sixty male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups of 20 animals each; untreated control animals (group 1), lead-exposed animals (group 2; exposed to lead daily by oral gavage at the dose of 80 mg/Kg b.w.), and group 3 of animals, which were exposed to lead and daily received quercetin (10 h gap time between lead exposure and the receiving of quercetin) by oral gavage at the dose of 350 mg/Kg b.w. The experiment period was 8 weeks. All the assayed hematological and biochemical parameters of animals exposed to lead were significantly altered compared with the untreated control levels. Animals exposed to lead (group 2) exhibited significant decrements of the erythrocytic and total leucocytic counts, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume percent, total proteins, albumin and globulin. These animals also disclosed significantly decreased levels of antioxidant markers including total thiols, catalase and glutathione. On the other hand, these animals demonstrated significant increments in the levels of bilirubin, urea, creatinine, BUN, serum enzymes, H2O2 and MDA. Animals exposed to lead and given quercetin (group 3) exhibited improvement of these parameters, which were brought back at varying degrees toward the untreated control levels. Basing on the improvements of the assayed hematological and biochemical parameters, it was concluded that quercetin as a dietary supplement can act efficiently as an antioxidant to counteract the oxidative stress induced by lead toxicity and to maintain the oxidant antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mubarak
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ahmed Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin A Al-Doaiss
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Abd-Elwahab
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Eissa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Abdallah EAA, Almilaibary A, El-Refaei MF. Fagonia indica ameliorates chromium-induced nephrotoxicity: Role of antioxidant activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines in in-vivo renoprotection. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36876577 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2023.2185189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is an environmental pollutant, has high redox potential, and can exist in various oxidation states, possibly leading to nephrotoxicity. As a potential treatment option, Fagonia indica (F. indica) is an herb remedy traditionally used as a phytomedicine to cure ailments. However, efficient validation of its protective effect and molecular mechanisms has not yet been established. As such, this study aims to investigate the protective effect of F. indica against Cr-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss mice. Mice were divided into five groups: group I (negative control), group II (F. indica), group III (potassium dichromate [PDC]-treated), group IV (PDC + saline), and group V (PDC + F. indica). Our results demonstrate that group III exhibited decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione s-transferases (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and thioredoxin peroxidase (TPX) levels. Meanwhile, protein carbonyl (PCO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in kidney homogenates, increasing the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). This was followed by elevated NF-κB, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine serum levels in group III compared with group I. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated severe damage to the renal tubular epithelial cells, as well as marked congestion and expressions of caspase-3 and NF-κB. Further, group V showed an improvement in antioxidant activity parameters and reductions in the IL-6, caspase-3, and NF-κB expressions, followed by significant decreases in NF-κB, BUN, and creatinine serum levels. Furthermore, fewer histopathological disturbances were observed compared with untreated group III. Such alterations may be attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of F. indica. Therefore, our exploration reveals that F. indica is effective in protecting against Cr-induced nephrotoxicity, and it could be applied in the future to human kidney diseases caused by environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A A Abdallah
- Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed F El-Refaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Genetic Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
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25
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Shen LA, Peng X, Bao Y, Liu C, Zhang H, Li J, Zhu D, Zhang Q. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quercetin derivatives as novel β-catenin/B-cell lymphoma 9 protein-protein interaction inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 247:115075. [PMID: 36599228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The β-catenin/B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) protein-protein interaction (PPI) is a potential target for the suppression of hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling that is vigorously involved in cancer initiation and development. Herein, we first described quercetin and its derivatives had potential inhibitory effects on β-catenin/BCL9 PPI. The most potent compound, quercetin-3'-O-(4-methylpiperazine-1-yl) propyl (C1), directly binded with β-catenin and disrupted the β-catenin/BCL9 interaction in both the protein level and the cellular context. C1 also effectively inhibited colorectal cancer in vitro and showed better selectivity in inhibiting hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling cells like CT26 and HCT116. And we further confirmed that C1 could inhibit CT26 tumor growth in vivo and regulate the tumor immune microenvironment. This study provides a good chemical probe to explore β-catenin-related biology and a drug-like quercetin derivative as novel β-catenin/BCL9 PPI inhibitors for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-An Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyan Peng
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ya Bao
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China; Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianqi Li
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Di Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China.
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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26
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Wu YC, Yao Y, Tao LS, Wang SX, Hu Y, Li LY, Hu S, Meng X, Yang DS, Li H, Xu T. The role of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110550. [PMID: 36464104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Common liver tissue damage is mainly due to the accumulation of toxic aldehydes in lipid peroxidation under oxidative stress. Cumulative toxic aldehydes in the liver can be effectively metabolized by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), thereby alleviating various liver diseases. Notably, gene mutation of ALDH2 leads to impaired ALDH2 enzyme activity, thus aggravating the progress of liver diseases. However, the relationship and specific mechanism between ALDH2 and liver diseases are not clear. Consequently, the review explains the relationship between ALDH2 and liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, this review also discusses ALDH2 as a potential therapeutic target for various liver diseases,and focuses on summarizing the regulatory mechanism of ALDH2 in these liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Cui Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Liang-Song Tao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Shu-Xian Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Liang-Yun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Da-Shuai Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - He Li
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, China.
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27
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Bellavite P. Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020280. [PMID: 36829840 PMCID: PMC9951959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract these pathologies has increased rapidly over the last two decades. In this paper, studies on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids (especially the two most widely used, hesperidin and quercetin) on animal models of depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease are reviewed. The literature on these topics amounts to a few hundred publications on in vitro and in vivo models (notably in rodents) and provides us with a very detailed picture of the action mechanisms and targets of these substances. These include the decrease in enzymes that produce reactive oxygen and ferroptosis, the inhibition of mono-amine oxidases, the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE system, the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, in the case of AD, the prevention of amyloid-beta aggregation. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes has been documented as a decrease in cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) by microglia and astrocytes, by modulating a number of regulatory proteins such as Nf-kB and NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials on humans are still scarce, preclinical studies allow us to consider hesperidin, quercetin, and other flavonoids as very interesting and safe dietary molecules to be further investigated as complementary treatments in order to prevent neurodegenerative diseases or to moderate their deleterious effects.
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28
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Chen Y, Xue Y, Wang X, Jiang D, Xu Q, Wang L, Zheng Y, Shi Y, Cao Y. Molecular mechanisms of the Guizhi decoction on osteoarthritis based on an integrated network pharmacology and RNA sequencing approach with experimental validation. Front Genet 2023; 14:1079631. [PMID: 36760992 PMCID: PMC9905689 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1079631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Our aim was to determine the potential pharmacological mechanisms of the Guizhi decoction (GZD) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) through an integrated approach of network pharmacological analyses, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and experimental validation. Methods: The quality control and identification of bioactive compounds of the GZD were carried out by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and their OA-related genes were identified through overlapping traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database (TCMSP), DrugBank and SEA Search Server databases, and GeneCards. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were implemented after constructing the component-target network. RNA-seq was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under intervention conditions with and without the GZD in vitro. The crossover signaling pathways between RNA-seq and network pharmacology were then analyzed. Accordingly, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, GO, and KEGG analysis were performed using the Cytoscape, STRING, or DAVID database. The OA rat model was established to further verify the pharmacological effects in vivo. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and safranin O/fast green (S-O) staining were used to grade the histopathological features of the cartilage. We verified the mRNA and protein expressions of the key targets related to the TNF signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro by qPCR, Western blotting (WB), and immunofluorescence assay. In addition, we also detected inflammatory cytokines in the rat serum by Luminex liquid suspension chip, which included tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Results: Eighteen compounds and 373 targets of the GZD were identified. A total of 2,356 OA-related genes were obtained from the GeneCards database. A total of three hub active ingredients of quercetin, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol were determined, while 166 target genes associated with OA were finally overlapped. The RNA-seq analysis revealed 1,426 DEGs. In the KEGG intersection between network pharmacology and RNA-seq analysis, the closest screening relevant to GZD treatment was the TNF signaling pathway, of which TNF, IL-6, and IL-1β were classified as hub genes. In consistent, H&E and S-O staining of the rat model showed that GZD could attenuate cartilage degradation. When compared with the OA group in vivo and in vitro, the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) were all downregulated in the GZD group (all p < 0.05). The expression levels of anabolic proteins (Col2α1 and SOX9) were all higher in the GZD group than in the OA group (p < 0.05), while the expression levels of the catabolic proteins (MMP9 and COX-2) and TNF-α in the GZD group were significantly lower than those in the OA group (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of TNF, IL-6, and IL-1β were upregulated in the OA group, while the GZD group prevented such aberrations (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The present study reveals that the mechanism of the GZD against OA may be related to the regulation of the TNF signaling pathway and inhibition of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Centre, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezong Wang
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Jiang
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinguang Xu
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ying Shi, ; Yuelong Cao,
| | - Yuelong Cao
- Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ying Shi, ; Yuelong Cao,
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Tariq H, Asif S, Andleeb A, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Flavonoid Production: Current Trends in Plant Metabolic Engineering and De Novo Microbial Production. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010124. [PMID: 36677049 PMCID: PMC9864322 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that represent a heterogeneous family of plant polyphenolic compounds. Recent research has determined that the health benefits of fruits and vegetables, as well as the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants, are based on the presence of various bioactive natural products, including a high proportion of flavonoids. With current trends in plant metabolite research, flavonoids have become the center of attention due to their significant bioactivity associated with anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial activities. However, the use of traditional approaches, widely associated with the production of flavonoids, including plant extraction and chemical synthesis, has not been able to establish a scalable route for large-scale production on an industrial level. The renovation of biosynthetic pathways in plants and industrially significant microbes using advanced genetic engineering tools offers substantial promise for the exploration and scalable production of flavonoids. Recently, the co-culture engineering approach has emerged to prevail over the constraints and limitations of the conventional monoculture approach by harnessing the power of two or more strains of engineered microbes to reconstruct the target biosynthetic pathway. In this review, current perspectives on the biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of flavonoids in plants have been summarized. Special emphasis is placed on the most recent developments in the microbial production of major classes of flavonoids. Finally, we describe the recent achievements in genetic engineering for the combinatorial biosynthesis of flavonoids by reconstructing synthesis pathways in microorganisms via a co-culture strategy to obtain high amounts of specific bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnat Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Saaim Asif
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Anisa Andleeb
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRAE USC1328, Eure et Loir Campus, Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (B.H.A.)
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (B.H.A.)
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Benarous L, Benarous K, Muhammad G, Ali Z. Deep learning application detecting SARS-CoV-2 key enzymes inhibitors. CLUSTER COMPUTING 2023; 26:1169-1180. [PMID: 35874186 PMCID: PMC9295888 DOI: 10.1007/s10586-022-03656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The fast spread of the COVID-19 over the world pressured scientists to find its cures. Especially, with the disastrous results, it engendered from human life losses to long-term impacts on infected people's health and the huge financial losses. In addition to the massive efforts made by researchers and medicals on finding safe, smart, fast, and efficient methods to accurately make an early diagnosis of the COVID-19. Some researchers focused on finding drugs to treat the disease and its symptoms, others worked on creating effective vaccines, while several concentrated on finding inhibitors for the key enzymes of the virus, to reduce its spreading and reproduction inside the human body. These enzymes' inhibitors are usually found in aliments, plants, fungi, or even in some drugs. Since these inhibitors slow and halt the replication of the virus in the human body, they can help fight it at an early stage saving the patient from death risk. Moreover, if the human body's immune system gets rid of the virus at the early stage it can be spared from the disastrous sequels it may leave inside the patient's body. Our research aims to find aliments and plants that are rich in these inhibitors. In this paper, we developed a deep learning application that is trained with various aliments, plants, and drugs to detect if a component contains SARS-CoV-2 key inhibitor(s) intending to help them find more sources containing these inhibitors. The application is trained to identify various sources rich in thirteen coronavirus-2 key inhibitors. The sources are currently just aliments, plants, and seeds and the identification is done by their names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Benarous
- LIM Laboratory (Laboratoire d’informatique Et de Mathématique), Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat, Algeria
- LISSI-Tinc-NET Laboratory, University of Paris-Est Creteil, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Khedidja Benarous
- Science Fundamental Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Ghulam Muhammad
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11543 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ UK
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31
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Borghi SM, Zaninelli TH, Carra JB, Heintz OK, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Therapeutic Potential of Controlled Delivery Systems in Asthma: Preclinical Development of Flavonoid-Based Treatments. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010001. [PMID: 36678631 PMCID: PMC9865502 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence and incidence, manifested by allergic inflammatory reactions, and is life-threatening for patients with severe disease. Repetitive challenges with the allergens and limitation of treatment efficacy greatly dampens successful management of asthma. The adverse events related to several drugs currently used, such as corticosteroids and β-agonists, and the low rigorous adherence to preconized protocols likely compromises a more assertive therapy. Flavonoids represent a class of natural compounds with extraordinary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with their potential benefits already demonstrated for several diseases, including asthma. Advanced technology has been used in the pharmaceutical field to improve the efficacy and safety of drugs. Notably, there is also an increasing interest for the application of these techniques using natural products as active molecules. Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and chalcones are examples of flavonoid compounds that were tested in controlled delivery systems for asthma treatment, and which achieved better treatment results in comparison to their free forms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development of novel controlled delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic potential of flavonoids as active molecules for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. Borghi
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Carra
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Olivia K. Heintz
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
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Design of Quercetin-Loaded Natural Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Treatment of Bacterial Skin Infections. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248818. [PMID: 36557947 PMCID: PMC9785768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological activity of natural plant-oil-based nanostructured lipid carriers (NPO-NLCs) can be enhanced by the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, and they in turn can improve topical delivery of the drugs. Quercetin (QR), a vital plant flavonoid, expresses antibacterial properties, and we recently showed that empty NPO-NLCs also have antimicrobial activity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the synergetic effect of loading natural plant-oil-based nanostructured lipid carriers with quercetin (QR-NPO-NLCs) as a topical delivery system for the treatment of bacterial skin infections. Five nanostructured lipid carrier systems containing different oils (sunflower, olive, corn, coconut, and castor) were engineered. The particles’ stability, structural properties, bioavailability, and antimicrobial activity were studied. NLCs with an average size of <200 nm and Z-potential of −40 mV were developed. Stable QR-NPO-NLCs were obtained with high encapsulation efficiency (>99%). The encapsulation of QR decreased cytotoxicity and increased the antioxidant effect of nanocarriers. An increase in antibacterial activity of the systems containing QR was demonstrated against Staphylococcus aureus. QR-NPO-NLCs could transport QR to an intranuclear location within HaCaT cells, indicating that QR-NPO-NLCs are promising candidates for controlled topical drug delivery.
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Jarerattanachat V, Boonarkart C, Hannongbua S, Auewarakul P, Ardkhean R. In silico and in vitro studies of potential inhibitors against Dengue viral protein NS5 Methyl Transferase from Ginseng and Notoginseng. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 13:1-10. [PMID: 36685072 PMCID: PMC9845645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Dengue is a potentially deadly tropical infectious disease transmitted by mosquito vector Aedes aegypti with no antiviral drug available to date. Dengue NS5 protein is crucial for viral replication and is the most conserved among all four Dengue serotypes, making it an attractive drug target. Both Ginseng and Notoginseng extracts and isolates have been shown to be effective against various viral infections yet against Dengue Virus is understudied. We aim to identify potential inhibitors against Dengue NS5 Methyl transferase from small molecular compounds found in Ginseng and Notoginseng. Experimental procedure A molecular docking model of Dengue NS5 Methyl transferase (MTase) domain was tested with decoys and then used to screen 91 small molecular compounds found in Ginseng and Notoginseng followed by Molecular dynamics simulations and the per-residue free energy decompositions based on molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann (generalised Born) surface area (MM/PB(GB)SA) calculations of the hit. ADME predictions and drug-likeness analyses were discussed to evaluate the viability of the hit as a drug candidate. To confirm our findings, in vitro studies of antiviral activities against RNA and a E protein synthesis and cell toxicity were carried out. Results and conclusion The virtual screening resulted in Isoquercitrin as a single hit. Further analyses of the Isoquercitrin-MTase complex show that Isoquercitrin can reside within both of the NS5 Methyl Transferase active sites; the AdoMet binding site and the RNA capping site. The Isoquercitrin is safe for consumption and accessible on multikilogram scale. In vitro studies showed that Isoquercitrin can inhibit Dengue virus by reducing viral RNA and viral protein synthesis with low toxicity to cells (CC50 > 20 μM). Our work provides evidence that Isoquercitrin can serve as an inhibitor of Dengue NS5 protein at the Methyl Transferase domain, further supporting its role as an anti-DENV agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viwan Jarerattanachat
- NSTDA Supercomputer Center, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chompunuch Boonarkart
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supa Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasert Auewarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ruchuta Ardkhean
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand,Corresponding author.
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Tuli HS, Garg VK, Bhushan S, Uttam V, Sharma U, Jain A, Sak K, Yadav V, Lorenzo JM, Dhama K, Behl T, Sethi G. Natural flavonoids exhibit potent anticancer activity by targeting microRNAs in cancer: A signature step hinting towards clinical perfection. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101596. [PMID: 36473401 PMCID: PMC9727168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer prevalence and its rate of incidence are constantly rising since the past few decades. Owing to the toxicity of present-day antineoplastic drugs, it is imperative to explore safer and more effective molecules to combat and/or prevent this dreaded disease. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have exhibited multifaceted implications against several diseases including cancer, without showing significant toxicity towards the normal cells. Shredded pieces of evidence suggest that flavonoids can enhance drug sensitivity and suppress proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells by modulating several oncogenic or oncosuppressor microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). They play pivotal roles in regulation of various biological and pathological processes, including various cancers. In the present review, the structure, chemistry and miR targeting efficacy of quercetin, luteolin, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, and cyanidin against several cancer types are comprehensively discussed. miRs are considered as next-generation medicine of recent times, and their targeting by naturally occurring flavonoids in cancer cells could be deemed as a signature step. We anticipate that our compilations related to miRNA-mediated regulation of cancer cells by flavonoids might catapult the clinical investigations and affirmation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Sakshi Bhushan
- Department of Botany, Central University Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181143, India
| | - Vivek Uttam
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda, Punjab 151401, India
| | | | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-20213 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense 32900, Spain,Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences & Technology (SoHST), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India,Corresponding authors.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore,Corresponding authors.
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Pharmacological Activity of Quercetin: An Updated Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3997190. [PMID: 36506811 PMCID: PMC9731755 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3997190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a natural flavonoid compound with a widespread occurrence throughout the plant kingdom, exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities. Because of the wide spectrum of health-promoting effects, quercetin has attracted much attention of dietitians and medicinal chemists. An updated review of the literature on quercetin was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Science Direct databases. This article presents an overview of recent developments in pharmacological activities of quercetin including anti-SARS-CoV-2, antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities as well as the mechanism of actions involved. The biological activities of quercetin were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, involving a number of cell lines and animal models, but metabolic mechanisms of quercetin in the human body are not clear. Therefore, further large sample clinical studies are needed to determine the appropriate dosage and form of quercetin for the treatment of the disease.
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Cytoprotective Properties of a New Nanocomplex of Selenium with Taxifolin in the Cells of the Cerebral Cortex Exposed to Ischemia/Reoxygenation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112477. [PMID: 36432668 PMCID: PMC9697510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of the natural antioxidant taxifolin (TAX) is well known for ischemic pathologies. However, the limitations of taxifolin application are described-poor solubility, low ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and side effects from high doses for stroke therapy. We proposed the problem of targeted delivery of taxifolin and achievement effective concentrations could be solved by developing a nanocomplex of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with taxifolin (Se-TAX). In this study, we developed a selenium-taxifolin nanocomplex based on selenium nanoparticles with a 100 nm size. It was shown that TAX, SeNPs, and Se-TAX were all able to suppress the production of ROS in neurons and astrocytes under exposure to exogenous H2O2 and ischemia-like conditions. However, the Se-TAX nanocomplex appeared to be the most effective, displaying a lower working concentration range and negligible pro-oxidant effect compared with pure SeNPs. The mechanism of Se-TAX beneficial effects involved the activation of some antioxidant enzymes and the suppression of ROS-generating systems during OGD/reoxygenation, while TAX and "naked" SeNPs were less effective in regulating the cellular redox status. Naked SeNPs inhibited a global increase in Ca2+ ions in cytosol, but not OGD-induced hyperexcitation of the neuroglial network, while Se-TAX suppressed both [Ca2+]i rise and hyperexcitation. The effect of TAX at similar doses appeared exclusively in inhibiting OGD-induced hyperexcitation. Analysis of necrosis and apoptosis after OGD/reoxygenation revealed the highest efficiency of the Se-TAX nanocomplex as well. Se-TAX suppressed the expression of proinflammatory and proapoptotic proteins with simultaneous activation of protective genes. We conclude that the Se-TAX nanocomplex combines the antioxidative features taxifolin and the antiapoptotic effect of nanoselenium, involving the regulation of Ca2+ dynamics.
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Froldi G, Ragazzi E. Selected Plant-Derived Polyphenols as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Peripheral Artery Disease: Molecular Mechanisms, Efficacy and Safety. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27207110. [PMID: 36296702 PMCID: PMC9611444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vascular diseases, such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), are associated with diabetes mellitus and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and even death. Surgical revascularization and pharmacological treatments (mainly antiplatelet, lipid-lowering drugs, and antidiabetic agents) have some effectiveness, but the response and efficacy of therapy are overly dependent on the patient’s conditions. Thus, the demand for new cures exists. In this regard, new studies on natural polyphenols that act on key points involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases and, thus, on PAD are of great urgency. The purpose of this review is to take into account the mechanisms that lead to endothelium dysfunction, such as the glycoxidation process and the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that result in protein misfolding, and to suggest plant-derived polyphenols that could be useful in PAD. Thus, five polyphenols are considered, baicalein, curcumin, mangiferin, quercetin and resveratrol, reviewing the literature in PubMed. The key molecular mechanisms and preclinical and clinical studies of each selected compound are examined. Furthermore, the safety profiles of the polyphenols are outlined, together with the unwanted effects reported in humans, also by searching the WHO database (VigiBase).
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Jan R, Khan M, Asaf S, Lubna, Asif S, Kim KM. Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol and Quercetin: New Insights for Plant and Human Health. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2623. [PMID: 36235488 PMCID: PMC9571405 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids, are major metabolites widely found in plants that play several key roles in plant defence and signalling in response to stress conditions. The most studied among these flavonoids are kaempferol and quercetin due to their anti-oxidative potential and their key roles in the defence system, making them more critical for plant adaptation in stress environments. Kaempferol and quercetin in plants have great therapeutic potential for human health. Despite being well-studied, some of their functional aspects regarding plants and human health need further evaluation. This review summarizes the emerging potential of kaempferol and quercetin in terms of antimicrobial activity, bioavailability and bioactivity in the human body as well as in the regulation of plant defence in response to stresses and as a signalling molecule in terms of hormonal modulation under stress conditions. We also evaluated the safe use of both metabolites in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Lubna
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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Wang S, Chen Y, Xia C, Yang C, Chen J, Hai L, Wu Y, Yang Z. Synthesis and evaluation of glycosylated quercetin to enhance neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 73:117008. [PMID: 36126445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin (Que), a polyphenolic flavonoid compound with antioxidant properties has been explicated to have neuroprotective effects on neuronal injury/neurodegenerative diseases. However, low water-solubility, instability and inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) imped its application. To enhance the neuroprotective effects and improve the potential application of quercetins as a nutraceutical or medicine, we designed and synthesized two types of glycosylated quercetins--Glu-Que and 2Glu-Que through click reaction. Glu-Que and 2Glu-Que improved the water solubility and stability of quercetin, as well as alleviating H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by increasing the cell viability of PC12 cells and reducing the ROS generation. What's more, glycosylated quercetins enhanced neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Among the two types of glycosylated quercetin, 2Glu-Que displayed higher neuroprotective potential than Glu-Que. In conclusion, the glycosylated quercetin 2Glu-Que, with better water solubility, bioavailability and brain-targeting ability, significantly enhanced the neuroprotective effects of quercetin, making it a promising nutraceutical or candidate drug in neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Li Hai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhongzheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Guo B, Chou F, Huang L, Yin F, Fang J, Wang JB, Jia Z. Recent insights into oxidative metabolism of quercetin: catabolic profiles, degradation pathways, catalyzing metalloenzymes and molecular mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1312-1339. [PMID: 36037033 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is the most abundant polyphenolic flavonoid (flavonol subclass) in vegetal foods and medicinal plants. This dietary chemopreventive agent has drawn significant interest for its multiple beneficial health effects ("polypharmacology") largely associated with the well-documented antioxidant properties. However, controversies exist in the literature due to its dual anti-/pro-oxidant character, poor stability/bioavailability but multifaceted bioactivities, leaving much confusion as to its exact roles in vivo. Increasing evidence indicates that a prior oxidation of quercetin to generate an array of chemical diverse products with redox-active/electrophilic moieties is emerging as a new linkage to its versatile actions. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the oxidative conversion of quercetin by systematically analyzing the current quercetin-related knowledge, with a particular focus on the complete spectrum of metabolite products, the enzymes involved in the catabolism and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein we review and compare the oxidation pathways, protein structures and catalytic patterns of the related metalloenzymes (phenol oxidases, heme enzymes and specially quercetinases), aiming for a deeper mechanistic understanding of the unusual biotransformation behaviors of quercetin and its seemingly controversial biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Chou
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Libin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Flavonoids regulate tumor-associated macrophages - From structure-activity relationship to clinical potential (Review). Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106419. [PMID: 36041653 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the strategy for tumor therapy has changed from focusing on the direct killing effect of different types of therapeutic agents on cancer cells to the new mainstream of multi-mode and -pathway combined interventions in the microenvironment of the developing tumor. Flavonoids, with unique tricyclic structures, have diverse and extensive immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immunosuppressive cells in the TME. The regulation of macrophages to fight cancer is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. This study covers the most comprehensive cognition of flavonoids in regulating TAMs so far. Far more than a simple list of studies, we try to dig out evidence of crosstalk at the molecular level between flavonoids and TAMs from literature, in order to discuss the most relevant chemical structure and its possible relationship with the multimodal pharmacological activity, as well as systematically build a structure-activity relationship between flavonoids and TAMs. Additionally, we point out the advantages of the macro-control of flavonoids in the TME and discuss the potential clinical implications as well as areas for future research of flavonoids in regulating TAMs. These results will provide hopeful directions for the research of antitumor drugs, while providing new ideas for the pharmaceutical industry to develop more effective forms of flavonoids.
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Song W, Wang B, Sui L, Shi Y, Ren X, Wang X, Kong X, Hou J, Wang L, Wei L, Luan Y, Guan J, Zhao Y. Tamarixetin Attenuated the Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus by Directly Targeting Caseinolytic Protease P. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:1936-1944. [PMID: 35833867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, especially drug-resistant S. aureus infections, is a worldwide healthcare challenge. There is a growing focus on antivirulence therapy against S. aureus. Caseinolytic protease p (ClpP) is a protein hydrolase essential for pathogenicity in S. aureus. A flavonoid compound, tamarixetin, which was screened in this work, was specifically able to inhibit the hydrolytic activity of ClpP on the fluorescent substrate Suc-LY-AMC with an IC50 of 49.73 μM, without affecting the growth of methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain USA300 and was without obvious cytotoxicity. Further assays found that tamarixetin inhibited the transcription of hla, agr, RNAIII, pvl, PSM-α, and spa genes as well as suppressed the protein expression levels of Hla and PVL. Moreover, tamarixetin was observed to dramatically inhibit the hemolytic activity of hla in S. aureus. Consistent with that of S. aureus USA300-ΔclpP, tamarixetin was shown to increase urease expression. The thermal shift and cellular thermal shift assays showed that tamarixetin markedly changed the thermal stability of ClpP. The dissociation constant (KD) value of tamarixetin with ClpP was 2.52 × 10-6 M measured by surface plasmon resonance. The molecular docking and ClpP point mutation results also demonstrated that tamarixetin had a strong interaction with ClpP. In vivo study showed that tamarixetin was effective in protecting mice from S. aureus pneumonia by increasing survival, reducing lung tissue load, and slowing down the infiltration of inflammatory factors. In addition, tamarixetin was able to enhance the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime in combination. In conclusion, tamarixetin was promising as a ClpP inhibitor for S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Song
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Bingmei Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Liyan Sui
- Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xinran Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xingye Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Xiangri Kong
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Juan Hou
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Lin Wei
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
| | - Yanhe Luan
- Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiyu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130017, China
- Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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QTOF-ESI MS Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Physalis peruviana L. (Cape Gooseberry) Husks and Fruits from Costa Rica. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134238. [PMID: 35807484 PMCID: PMC9268663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in research of secondary metabolites from Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) because of their potential bioactivities. In this study, the profile of compounds found in fruits and husks from Costa Rica was determined through ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry using a quadrupole time-of-flight analyzer (UPLC-ESI-QTOF MS) on extracts (n = 10) obtained through pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) conditions. In total, 66 different compounds were identified, comprising 34 withanolides, 23 sucrose ester derivatives and 9 flavonoids. UPLC-DAD analysis was performed to determine the β-carotene in fruits and to quantify the flavonoids in all 10 samples, with the results showing higher contents in samples from the Dota region (58.6−60.1 μg/g of dry material versus 1.6−2.8 mg/g of dry material). The Folin−Ciocalteau total polyphenolic content (FC) and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method showed better results for the husk extracts, with the ones from the Dota region holding the best values (4.3−5.1 mg GAE/g of dry material versus IC50 = 1.6−2.3 mg of dry material/mL). In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between the RU, FC and DPPH values (r = −0.902, p < 0.05), aligning with previous reports on the role of polyphenols in antioxidant activity. Principal correlation analysis (PCoA) and hierarchical clustering (HC) analysis were performed on HRMS results, and they indicated that the D1 and D2 fruit samples from the Dota region were clustered with husks related to a higher presence of the analyzed metabolites. In turn, principal component analysis (PCA) performed on the flavonoid content and antioxidant activity yielded results indicating that the D1 and D2 husks and fruit samples from the Dota region stood out significantly, showing the highest antioxidant activity. In summation, our findings suggest that P. peruviana husks and fruits from Costa Rica constitute a substrate of interest for further studies on their potential health benefits.
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Zhang L, Ma J, Yang F, Li S, Ma W, Chang X, Yang L. Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin on Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854249. [PMID: 35662707 PMCID: PMC9158527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high recurrence and disability; however, its therapies are very limited. As one of the effective methods of treating acute attacks of IS, intravenous thrombolysis has a clear time window. Quercetin, a flavonoid widely found in vegetables and fruits, inhibits immune cells from secreting inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing platelet aggregation and limiting inflammatory thrombosis. In pre-clinical studies, it has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with ischemic brain injury. However, its specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Therefore, this review aims to use published data to elucidate the potential value of quercetin in patients with ischemic brain injury. This article also reviews the plant sources, pharmacological effects, and metabolic processes of quercetin in vivo, thus focusing on its mechanism in inhibiting immune cell activation and inflammatory thrombosis as well as promoting neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingying Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sishi Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wangran Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiang Chang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
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Yang L, Wei J, Zhao C, Hu F. Biosynthesis of 6-methyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Keranmu A, Pan LB, Yu H, Fu J, Liu YF, Amuti S, Han P, Ma SR, Xu H, Zhang ZW, Chen D, Yang FY, Wang MS, Wang Y, Xing NZ, Jiang JD. The potential biological effects of quercetin based on pharmacokinetics and multi-targeted mechanism in vivo. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:403-431. [PMID: 35282731 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2045965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant-derived polyphenol flavonoid that has been proven to be effective for many diseases. However, the mechanism and in vivo metabolism of quercetin remains to be clarified. It achieves a wide range of biological effects through various metabolites, gut microbiota and its metabolites, systemic mediators produced by inflammation and oxidation, as well as by multiple mechanisms. The all-round disease treatment of quercetin is achieved through the organic combination of multiple channels. Therefore, this article clarifies the metabolic process of quercetin in the body, and explores the new pattern of action of quercetin in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adili Keranmu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Fang Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siyiti Amuti
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei-Ya Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ming-Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nian-Zeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Nguyen TLA, Bhattacharya D. Antimicrobial Activity of Quercetin: An Approach to Its Mechanistic Principle. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082494. [PMID: 35458691 PMCID: PMC9029217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, an essential plant flavonoid, possesses a variety of pharmacological activities. Extensive literature investigates its antimicrobial activity and possible mechanism of action. Quercetin has been shown to inhibit the growth of different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi and viruses. The mechanism of its antimicrobial action includes cell membrane damage, change of membrane permeability, inhibition of synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, reduction of expression of virulence factors, mitochondrial dysfunction, and preventing biofilm formation. Quercetin has also been shown to inhibit the growth of various drug-resistant microorganisms, thereby suggesting its use as a potent antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant strains. Furthermore, certain structural modifications of quercetin have sometimes been shown to enhance its antimicrobial activity compared to that of the parent molecule. In this review, we have summarized the antimicrobial activity of quercetin with a special focus on its mechanistic principle. Therefore, this review will provide further insights into the scientific understanding of quercetin’s mechanism of action, and the implications for its use as a clinically relevant antimicrobial agent.
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Chen S, Tang Y, Gao Y, Nie K, Wang H, Su H, Wang Z, Lu F, Huang W, Dong H. Antidepressant Potential of Quercetin and its Glycoside Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review and Update. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:865376. [PMID: 35462940 PMCID: PMC9024056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a global health problem with growing prevalence rates and serious impacts on the daily life of patients. However, the side effects of currently used antidepressants greatly reduce the compliance of patients. Quercetin is a flavonol present in fruits, vegetables, and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been proved to have various pharmacological effects such as anti-depressant, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. This review summarizes the evidence for the pharmacological application of quercetin to treat depression. We clarified the mechanisms of quercetin regulating the levels of neurotransmitters, promoting the regeneration of hippocampal neurons, improving hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, and reducing inflammatory states and anti-oxidative stress. We also summarized the antidepressant effects of some quercetin glycoside derivatives to provide a reference for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Grade 2017 of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenya Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Dong,
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A Comprehensive View on the Quercetin Impact on Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061873. [PMID: 35335239 PMCID: PMC8953922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third type of cancer in incidence and second in mortality worldwide, with the newly diagnosed case number on the rise. Among the diagnosed patients, approximately 70% have no hereditary germ-line mutations or family history of pathology, thus being termed sporadic CRC. Diet and environmental factors are to date considered solely responsible for the development of sporadic CRC; therefore; attention should be directed towards the discovery of preventative actions to combat the CRC initiation, promotion, and progression. Quercetin is a polyphenolic flavonoid plant secondary metabolite with a well-characterized antioxidant activity. It has been extensively reported as an anti-carcinogenic agent in the scientific literature, and the modulated targets of quercetin have been also characterized in the context of CRC, mainly in original research publications. In this fairly comprehensive review, we summarize the molecular targets of quercetin reported to date in in vivo and in vitro CRC models, while also giving background information about the signal transduction pathways that it up- and downregulates. Among the most relevant modulated pathways, the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/Erk, JNK, or p38, p53, and NF-κB have been described. With this work, we hope to encourage further quests in the elucidation of quercetin anti-carcinogenic activity as single agent, as dietary component, or as pharmaconutrient delivered in the form of plant extracts.
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Biotechnological Applications and Health-Promoting Properties of Flavonols: An Updated View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031710. [PMID: 35163632 PMCID: PMC8835978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are a subclass of natural flavonoids characterized by a remarkable number of biotechnological applications and health-promoting properties. They attract researchers’ attention due to many epidemiological studies supporting their usage. They are phytochemicals commonly present in our diet, being ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and, in particular, relatively very abundant in fruits and vegetables. All these aspects make flavonols candidates of choice for the valorization of products, based on the presence of a remarkable number of different chemical structures, each one characterized by specific chemical features capable of influencing biological targets inside the living organisms in very different manners. In this review, we analyzed the biochemical and physiological characteristics of flavonols focalizing our attention on the most promising compounds to shed some light on their increasing utilization in biotechnological applications in processing industries, as well as their suitable employment to improve the overall wellness of the humankind.
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