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Kang DH, Chung C. Contemporary Strategies: Incorporating Immunotherapy into Stage 3 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2024; 87:292-301. [PMID: 38547860 PMCID: PMC11222091 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Stage 3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exhibits significant diversity, making it challenging to define an optimal treatment. A collaborative multidisciplinary approach is essential in crafting individualized treatments. Previously, targeted therapies and immunotherapies were commonly used to treat patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer. Such treatments are now being extended to individuals considered surgery, as well as patients once considered unsuitable for surgery. These changes have increased surgical success and substantially reduced postoperative recurrence. However, the possibility of severe adverse effects from immunotherapy can deter some patients from performing surgery. It is essential to carefully explore the clinical traits and biomarkers of patients who may benefit the most from immunotherapy, and patients for whom immunotherapy should not be prescribed. In summary, it's crucial to effectively integrate the latest immunotherapy in treating stage 3 NSCLC patients, thereby increasing their opportunities for surgical intervention, and ensuring they receive the best possible care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hyun Kang
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeuk Chung
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Cho IY, Chang Y, Sung E, Park B, Kang JH, Shin H, Wild SH, Byrne CD, Ryu S. Glycemic status, insulin resistance, and mortality from lung cancer among individuals with and without diabetes. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:17. [PMID: 38902745 PMCID: PMC11188269 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of glycemic status and insulin resistance on lung cancer remain unclear. We investigated the associations between both glycemic status and insulin resistance, and lung cancer mortality, in a young and middle-aged population with and without diabetes. METHODS This cohort study involved individuals who participated in routine health examinations. Lung cancer mortality was identified using national death records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for lung cancer mortality risk. RESULTS Among 666,888 individuals (mean age 39.9 ± 10.9 years) followed for 8.3 years (interquartile range, 4.6-12.7), 602 lung cancer deaths occurred. Among individuals without diabetes, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for lung cancer mortality comparing hemoglobin A1c categories (5.7-5.9, 6.0-6.4, and ≥ 6.5% or 39-41, 42-46, and ≥ 48 mmol/mol, respectively) with the reference (< 5.7% or < 39 mmol/mol) were 1.39 (1.13-1.71), 1.72 (1.33-2.20), and 2.22 (1.56-3.17), respectively. Lung cancer mortality was associated with fasting blood glucose categories in a dose-response manner (P for trend = 0.001) and with previously diagnosed diabetes. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5) in individuals without diabetes was also associated with lung cancer mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.13-1.75). These associations remained after adjusting for changing status in glucose, hemoglobin A1c, insulin resistance, smoking status, and other confounders during follow-up as time-varying covariates. CONCLUSIONS Glycemic status within both diabetes and prediabetes ranges and insulin resistance were independently associated with an increased risk of lung cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine & Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Main Building B2, 250 Taepyung-Ro 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Sung
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Heon Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Main Building B2, 250 Taepyung-Ro 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea.
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Lee J, Ahn HK, Kim S, Han J, Lee SS, Park HS, Lee HW, Kim J, Cho E, Huggenberger R, Cho BC. Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC in Korea: The KINDLE study. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7174. [PMID: 38622869 PMCID: PMC11019151 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE KINDLE-Korea is part of a real-world KINDLE study that aimed to characterize the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The KINDLE was an international real-world study that explores patient and disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes. The KINDLE-Korea included stage III NSCLC patients diagnosed between January 2013 and December 2017. RESULTS A total of 461 patients were enrolled. The median age was 66 years (range: 24-87). Most patients were men (75.7%) with a history of smoking (74.0%), stage IIIA NSCLC (69.2%), and unresectable disease (52.9%). A total of 24.3% had activating EGFR mutation and 62.2% were positive for PDL1 expression. Broadly categorized, 44.6% of the patients received chemoradiation (CRT)-based therapy, 35.1% underwent surgery, and 20.3% received palliative therapies as initial treatment. The most commonly adopted approaches for patients with stage IIIA and IIIB disease were surgery and CRT, respectively. The median PFS was 15.2 months and OS was 66.7 months. Age >65 years, adenocarcinoma histology, and surgery as the initial treatment were significantly associated with longer OS. CONCLUSION This study revealed the heterogeneity of treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC before durvalumab consolidation came into clinical practice. There is an unmet need for patients who are not eligible for surgery as an initial therapy. Novel therapeutic approaches are highly warranted to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Lung Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer CenterYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hee Kyung Ahn
- Department of Medical OncologyGachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonKorea
| | - Sang‐We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Ji‐Youn Han
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer CenterResearch Institute and HospitalGoyangKorea
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Department of Hematology‐OncologyInje University Haeundae Paik HospitalBusanKorea
| | - Hyung Soon Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea
| | - Hyun Woo Lee
- Department of Hematology‐OncologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonKorea
| | - Joo‐Hang Kim
- CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnamKorea
| | | | | | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Lung Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer CenterYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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Jung HA, Lee DH, Lim SM, Yu H, Yoon S, Kim D, Kim KP, Jeong H, Doh H, Lim S, Kim J, Zhao X, Horsburgh D, Patel D, Kim JA, Toh KC. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in South Korea. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2355331. [PMID: 38334998 PMCID: PMC10858405 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.55331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Valuable evidence regarding clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited to individual hospital databases or national-level registries. The common data and federated analysis framework developed through the Extensible Platform for Observational Research in Lung Cancer (EXPLORE-LC) initiative allows for research across multiple high-quality data sources, which may provide a deeper understanding of the NSCLC landscape and identification of unmet needs of subpopulations. Objective To describe clinical characteristics, initial treatment patterns, subsequent treatment, and overall survival (OS) of patients with NSCLC in South Korea. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter cohort study included patients aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with NSCLC between 2014 and 2019 and followed up until March 2020 at 3 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Clinical data were collected using a common data model and clinical data warehouse. Patients who had an initial diagnosis of nonsquamous (NSQ) or squamous (SQ) NSCLC and who had received at least 1 treatment for NSCLC were included in the study. Data were analyzed from June through November 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was clinical OS for patients with NSCLC. Secondary outcomes were clinical characteristics and treatment patterns subsequent to the diagnosis of NSCLC. Results Among 22 101 patients with NSCLC who received anticancer treatment analyzed in this study, 17 350 patients (78.5%) had NSQ and 4751 patients (21.5%) had SQ NSCLC. Clinical characteristics and outcomes and treatment patterns were assessed for 13 084 patients with NSQ cancer who had known EGFR and ALK status (75.4%; mean [SD] 62.2 [10.5] years; 6552 males [50.1%]) and all 4751 patients with SQ cancer (mean [SD] age, 67.1 [8.6] years; 4427 males [93.2%]). More than half of patients with NSQ cancer were never smokers (7399 patients [56.6%]). Patients with SQ cancer were mostly males and former or current smokers (4235 patients [89.1%]) and were diagnosed at a later clinical stage than patients with NSQ cancer (eg, stage I: 1165 patients [24.5%] vs 5388 patients [41.2%]). Patients with EGFR-positive and ALK-positive NSQ cancer diagnosed between 2017 and 2019 had better median OS than similar patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2016 (EGFR-positive: not reached [95% CI, 35.9 months to not reached] vs 28.4 months [95% CI, 25.8 to 30.0 months]; P < .001; ALK-positive: not reached [95% CI, not reached] vs 49.5 months [95% CI, 35.1 months to not reached]; P < .001). No significant difference was observed in OS from first-line treatment for patients with SQ cancer. Conclusions and Relevance This study, which pooled medical data from multiple clinical data warehouses to produce a large study cohort, may provide meaningful insights into the clinical practice of NSCLC and underscores the value of a common data model approach. The analyzable dataset may hold great promise for future comprehensive identification of subpopulations and unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ae Jung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Yu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - DongKyu Kim
- Real-World Evidence Team, ALYND, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu-pyo Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyehyun Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haewon Doh
- Real-World Evidence Team, ALYND, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Subin Lim
- Real-World Evidence Team, ALYND, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohyun Kim
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xiahong Zhao
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Asia Pacific, Singapore
| | - David Horsburgh
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Asia Pacific, Singapore
| | - Dony Patel
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Global, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kong Chian Toh
- IQVIA Solutions, Real World Solutions–Asia Pacific, Singapore
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Ji HW, Chun S, Lee JM, Park SC, Han CH, Kim CY, Lee SC. Clinical and financial impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors following platinum chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a nationwide population-based study. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:46-59. [PMID: 38404998 PMCID: PMC10891395 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Although various studies have demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improves the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), studies on the financial aspects based on large population-based data are needed. This study aimed to analyze the differences in medical expenses and the effect of ICIs on the prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Methods Patients newly diagnosed with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC who received palliative chemotherapy between 2013 and 2020 were selected from the nationwide database of the population covered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Interrupted time-series analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of subsequent ICI use after platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy (CC) on overall mortality. Progression-free survival and medical expenditure were also assessed. Results In the final study population, 2,485 and 4,812 patients were included in the ICI and non-ICI groups, respectively. ICI treatment significantly lowered the risk of death [adjusted hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75-0.84]. And the ICI-treated patients were less likely to experience disease progression (adjusted odds ratios, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85-0.99). Furthermore, after the introduction of ICIs, both total and cancer-related medical expenses per capita showed an increasing trend [β: $4.56K, standard error (SE): $0.27K, P<0.0001 and β: $4.54K, SE: $0.27K, P<0.0001, respectively]. Conclusions Subsequent ICI use after platinum-based CC improved the overall survival rate of patients with advanced NSCLC. With the increasing burden of individual medical expenses, further research is required to identify patients for whom ICI treatment may be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Ji
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Sungyoun Chun
- Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Jung Mo Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Seon Cheol Park
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Han
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Chi Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
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Lee KH, Cho BC, Ahn MJ, Lee YG, Lee Y, Lee JS, Kim JH, Min YJ, Lee GW, Lee SS, Lee KH, Ko YH, Shim BY, Kim SW, Shin SW, Choi JH, Kim DW, Cho EK, Park KU, Kim JS, Chun SH, Wang J, Choi S, Kang JH. Lazertinib versus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC: LASER301 Korean Subset. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:48-60. [PMID: 37402411 PMCID: PMC10789945 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This subgroup analysis of the Korean subset of patients in the phase 3 LASER301 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lazertinib versus gefitinib as first-line therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFRm NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to lazertinib (240 mg/day) or gefitinib (250 mg/day). The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS In total, 172 Korean patients were enrolled (lazertinib, n=87; gefitinib, n=85). Baseline characteristics were balanced between the treatment groups. One-third of patients had brain metastases (BM) at baseline. Median PFS was 20.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.7 to 26.1) for lazertinib and 9.6 months (95% CI, 8.2 to 12.3) for gefitinib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.60). This was supported by PFS analysis based on blinded independent central review. Significant PFS benefit with lazertinib was consistently observed across predefined subgroups, including patients with BM (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.53) and those with L858R mutations (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.63). Lazertinib safety data were consistent with its previously reported safety profile. Common adverse events (AEs) in both groups included rash, pruritus, and diarrhoea. Numerically fewer severe AEs and severe treatment-related AEs occurred with lazertinib than gefitinib. CONCLUSION Consistent with results for the overall LASER301 population, this analysis showed significant PFS benefit with lazertinib versus gefitinib with comparable safety in Korean patients with untreated EGFRm NSCLC, supporting lazertinib as a new potential treatment option for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyeong Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju,
Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yun-Gyoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Joo-Hang Kim
- CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Young Joo Min
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan,
Korea
| | - Gyeong-Won Lee
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju,
Korea
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Yoon Ho Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Byoung Yong Shim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sang Won Shin
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Cho
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Keon Uk Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Chun
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | | | | | - Jin Hyoung Kang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
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Kim W, Lee SC, Lee WR, Chun S. The effect of the introduction of the national lung cancer screening program on short-term mortality in Korea. Lung Cancer 2023; 186:107412. [PMID: 37856923 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Korea introduced the National Lung Cancer Screening Program (NLCSP) in 2019. This study investigated the effect of the NLCSP on one-year mortality in individuals with a history of lung cancer. METHODS This study used the 2018-2020 National Health Insurance Service claims data. The difference-in-differences approach was used to investigate the effect of participating in the NLCSP between the case and control groups before and after the intervention period. The case group included individuals aged between 54 and 74 years with a smoking history of ≥ 30 pack-years and the control group those aged between 54 and 74 years with a history of smoking of <30 pack-years and non-smokers. The pre-intervention period was from January 2018 to June 2019 and the post-intervention period from July 2019 to December 2020. RESULTS The introduction of the NLCSP was related to an overall decrease in one-year mortality (-3.21 % points, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) -4.84 to -1.58). Specifically, this reduction was significant for lung cancer related mortality (lung cancer: -2.69 % points, 95 % CI -4.24 to -1.13). Furthermore, stronger associations were found in individuals of older age, residing in non-metropolitan areas, and who visited healthcare institutions in non-metropolitan areas. CONCLUSION The findings confirm a relationship between implementation of the NLCSP and one-year mortality in eligible individuals with a history of lung cancer, which is noteworthy considering that Korea is one of the first countries to include lung cancer into the national cancer screening program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woorim Kim
- National Hospice Center, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea; Division of Cancer Control & Policy, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Lee
- Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoun Chun
- Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
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Jun S, Park S, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Cho J, Jung HA. Real-World Outcomes of Immunotherapy in Second- or Later-Line Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Actionable Genetic Alterations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5450. [PMID: 38001710 PMCID: PMC10670305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with actionable genetic alterations (AGAs) is modest, certain patients demonstrate improved survival. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the benefits of ICIs in NSCLC patients with diverse AGAs and verify the predictive biomarkers of ICI efficacy. METHODS From January 2018 to July 2022, this study compared the progression-free survival (PFS) of NSCLC patients with different AGAs treated with ICI monotherapy as second- or later-line therapy at Samsung Medical Center. To ascertain the predictors of ICIs efficacy, we adjusted ICIs' effects on PFS in terms of clinical and molecular biomarkers. RESULTS EGFR (46.0%) was the most prevalent mutation in 324 patients. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 positivity (tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥ 1%) (HR = 0.41) and the use of steroids for immune-related adverse events (HR = 0.46) were positive factors for ICI therapy in the AGAs group. Co-existing mutation of STK11 with KRAS mutation (HR = 4.53) and TP53 with MET mutation (HR = 9.78) was negatively associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of ICI treatment varied across AGA subtypes, but patients with KRAS, MET, and BRAF mutations demonstrated relatively long-duration benefits of ICI therapy. PD-L1 was a significant positive predictive biomarker in all AGA groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Jun
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Sehhoon Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
| | - Juhee Cho
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Hyun Ae Jung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.-M.S.); (S.-H.L.); (J.S.A.); (M.-J.A.)
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9
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Kim T, Jang TW, Choi CM, Kim MH, Lee SY, Chang YS, Lee KY, Kim SJ, Yang SH, Ryu JS, Lee JE, Lee SY, Park CK, Lee SH, Jang SH, Yoon SH, Oh HJ. Final Report on Real-World Effectiveness of Sequential Afatinib and Osimertinib in EGFR-Positive Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Updated Analysis of the RESET Study. Cancer Res Treat 2023; 55:1152-1170. [PMID: 37218139 PMCID: PMC10582551 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to report the final analysis of time-on-treatment (TOT) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced-stage epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received sequential afatinib and osimertinib and to compare the outcomes with other second-line regimens (comparator group). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this updated report, the existing medical records were reviewed and rechecked. TOT and OS were updated and analyzed according to clinical features using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. TOT and OS were compared with those of the comparator group, in which most patients received pemetrexed-based treatments. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate features that could affect survival outcomes. RESULTS The median observation time was 31.0 months. The follow-up period was extended to 20 months. A total of 401 patients who received first-line afatinib were analyzed (166 with T790M+ and second-line osimertinib, and 235 with unproven T790M and other second-line agents). Median TOTs on afatinib and osimertinib were 15.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.0 to 16.1) and 11.9 months (95% CI, 8.9 to 14.6), respectively. The median OS in the osimertinib group was 54.3 months (95% CI, 46.7 to 61.9), much longer than that in the comparator group. In patients who received osimertinib, the OS was longest with Del19+ (median, 59.1; 95% CI, 48.7 to 69.5). CONCLUSION This is one of the largest real-world studies reporting the encouraging activity of sequential afatinib and osimertinib in Asian patients with EGFR+ NSCLC who acquired the T790M mutation, particularly Del19+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Tae Won Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan,
Korea
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan,
Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Kye Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sei Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan,
Korea
| | - Jeong Seon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Chan Kwon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun,
Korea
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10
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Kim BH, Kim JS, Kim HJ. Exploring the past, present, and future of postoperative radiotherapy for N2 stage non-small cell lung cancer. Radiat Oncol J 2023; 41:144-153. [PMID: 37793623 PMCID: PMC10556840 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2023.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite conventionally applied postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in pathological N2 (pN2) stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) considering high locoregional recurrence, its survival benefit has been a continuous topic of debate. Although several randomized clinical trials have been conducted, many of them have been withdrawn or analyzed without statistical significance due to slow accrual, making it difficult to determine the efficacy of PORT. Recently, the results of large-scale randomized clinical trials have been published, which showed some improvement in disease-free survival with PORT, but finally had no impact on overall survival. Based on these results, it was expected that the debate over PORT in pN2 patients with NSCLC would come to an end. However, since pN2 patients have different clinicopathologic features, it has become more important to carefully select the patient population who will benefit from PORT. In addition, given the development of systemic treatments such as molecular-targeted therapy and immunotherapy, it is crucial to evaluate whether there is any benefit to PORT in the midst of these recent changes. Therefore, determining the optimal treatment approach for NSCLC pN2 patients remains a complex issue that requires further research and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Hyuck Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sik Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Jae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Lee JW, Kim S. Comparison of a Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen in Tobacco Cigarette, Electronic Cigarette, and Dual Users. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e140. [PMID: 37191844 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) is known as a lung carcinogen. The objective of this study was to investigate associations of urine NNAL concentrations and smoking status. METHODS This was a cross-sectionally designed study based on data from the 2016-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2,845 participants were classified into past-smoker, electronic cigarette (e-cigar) only, dual-user, and cigarette only smoker groups. All sampling and weight variables were stratified and analysis was conducted accounting for the complex sampling design. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the geometric mean of urine NNAL concentrations and log-transformed urine NNAL level among smoking status with weighted survey design. Post hoc paired comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment was performed according to smoking status. RESULTS The estimated geometric mean concentrations of urine NNAL were 1.974 ± 0.091, 14.349 ± 5.218, 89.002 ± 11.444, and 117.597 ± 5.459 pg/mL in past-smoker, e-cigar only, dual-user, and cigarette only smoker groups, respectively. After fully adjusting, log-transformed urine NNAL level was significantly different among groups (P < 0.001). Compared with the past-smoker group, e-cigar only, dual-user, and cigarette only smoker groups showed significantly higher log-transformed urine NNAL concentrations in post hoc test (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION E-cigar only, dual-user, and cigarette only smoker groups showed significantly higher geometric mean concentrations of urine NNAL than the past-smoker group. Conventional cigarette, dual users, and e-cigar users can potentially show harmful health effects from NNAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sukil Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Oh J, Park C, Lee H, Rim B, Kim Y, Hong M, Lyu J, Han S, Choi S. OView-AI Supporter for Classifying Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, Tuberculosis, Lung Cancer Chest X-ray Images Using Multi-Stage Superpixels Classification. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091519. [PMID: 37174910 PMCID: PMC10177540 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The deep learning approach has recently attracted much attention for its outstanding performance to assist in clinical diagnostic tasks, notably in computer-aided solutions. Computer-aided solutions are being developed using chest radiography to identify lung diseases. A chest X-ray image is one of the most often utilized diagnostic imaging modalities in computer-aided solutions since it produces non-invasive standard-of-care data. However, the accurate identification of a specific illness in chest X-ray images still poses a challenge due to their high inter-class similarities and low intra-class variant abnormalities, especially given the complex nature of radiographs and the complex anatomy of the chest. In this paper, we proposed a deep-learning-based solution to classify four lung diseases (pneumonia, pneumothorax, tuberculosis, and lung cancer) and healthy lungs using chest X-ray images. In order to achieve a high performance, the EfficientNet B7 model with the pre-trained weights of ImageNet trained by Noisy Student was used as a backbone model, followed by our proposed fine-tuned layers and hyperparameters. Our study achieved an average test accuracy of 97.42%, sensitivity of 95.93%, and specificity of 99.05%. Additionally, our findings were utilized as diagnostic supporting software in OView-AI system (computer-aided application). We conducted 910 clinical trials and achieved an AUC confidence interval (95% CI) of the diagnostic results in the OView-AI system of 97.01%, sensitivity of 95.68%, and specificity of 99.34%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonho Oh
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
- OTOM, Co., Ltd., Gwangju 61042, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Park
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongchang Lee
- Haewootech Co., Ltd., Busan 46742, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Younggyu Kim
- OTOM, Co., Ltd., Gwangju 61042, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hong
- Department of Computer Software Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lyu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Suha Han
- Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
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13
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Choe YR, Choi JW, Jeong JR, Doh HM, Kim ML, Nam MS, Kho HJ, Park HY, Ahn HR, Kweon SS, Kim YI, Oh IJ. Effective Timing of Introducing an Inpatient Smoking Cessation Program to Cancer Patients. Yonsei Med J 2023; 64:251-258. [PMID: 36996896 PMCID: PMC10067796 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify factors influencing smoking cessation success among cancer patients registered in an inpatient smoking cessation program at a single cancer center. MATERIALS AND METHODS The electronic medical records of enrolled patients with solid cancer were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated factors associated with 6-month smoking cessation. RESULTS A total of 458 patients with cancer were included in this study. Their mean age was 62.9±10.3 years, and 56.3% of the participants had lung cancer. 193 (42.1%) had not yet begun their main treatment. The mean number of counseling sessions for the participants was 8.4±3.5, and 46 (10.0%) patients were prescribed smoking cessation medications. The 6-month smoking cessation success rate was 48.0%. Multivariate analysis showed that younger age (<65 years), cohabited status, early stage, and the number of counseling sessions were statistically significant factors affecting 6-month smoking cessation success (p<0.05). Initiation of a cessation program before cancer treatment was significantly associated with cessation success (odds ratio, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.70; p=0.040). CONCLUSION Smoking cessation intervention must be considered when establishing a treatment plan immediately after a cancer diagnosis among smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ri Choe
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ju-Ri Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Doh
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Mi-Lee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Seol Nam
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hee-Ji Kho
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ha-Young Park
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Ran Ahn
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Nursing, Nambu University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yu-Il Kim
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Chonnam Tobacco Control Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
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14
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Ko MM, Jeong MK, Choi CM, Lee SH, Chun J, Yi JM, Jang H, Lee SY. Safety and Efficacy of Bojungikki-Tang in Advanced NSCLC Patients Receiving Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4507. [PMID: 36901517 PMCID: PMC10002386 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major treatment option for several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The proposed study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT) therapy (an herbal medicine) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study will be performed at three academic hospitals. Thirty patients with advanced NSCLC, undergoing atezolizumab monotherapy as second- and subsequent-line treatment, will be recruited and randomly assigned to either BJIKT treatment (atezolizumab + BJIKT) or placebo (atezolizumab + placebo). The primary and secondary outcomes are the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including immune- related AEs (irAEs) and non-immune-related AEs (non-irAEs); and early termination rate, withdrawal period, symptom improvement of fatigue, and skeletal muscle loss, respectively. The exploratory outcomes are patient objective response rate and immune profile. This is an ongoing trial. Recruitment started on 25 March 2022 and is expected to be completed by 30 June 2023. This study will provide basic evidence for the safety profiles, including irAEs, of herbal medicine in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Mi Ko
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jang
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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15
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Kang SW, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Oh IJ, Song SY, Lee BC, Kim YH. Prognostic significance of location index in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:1028-1037. [PMID: 35815698 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221111678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the central location is a known adverse prognostic factor in lung cancer, a precise definition of central lung cancer has not yet emerged. PURPOSE To determine the prognostic significance of central lung cancer (defined by location index) in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC between 2010 and 2015 at a single tertiary cancer center were retrospectively reviewed. Central lung cancer was defined by a location index of the second tertile or less. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between central lung cancer and the prognosis of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Inter-observer agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Overall, 289 patients (169 men; median age 65 years; interquartile range 58-70 years) were evaluated. Central lung cancer (defined by location index) was adversely associated with RFS (P = 0.005) and OS (P = 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that central lung cancer was independently associated with poor RFS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-3.24; P = 0.017) and OS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69; 95% CI 1.04-2.74; P = 0.033). Location index demonstrated excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen's kappa value 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.93) with a high ICC (0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.98). CONCLUSION Central lung cancer defined by a location index of the second tertile or lower is an independent adverse prognostic factor in resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, 65416Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Economic Burden of Recurrence in Completely Resected Stage IB-IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study Using Nationwide Claims Data of South Korea. Adv Ther 2023; 40:550-567. [PMID: 36404368 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although many patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) experience recurrence despite complete resection, few studies have reported on the corresponding economic burden. This study aimed to understand the economic impact of recurrence by measuring healthcare costs and resource utilization in patients with recurrent stage IB-IIIA NSCLC. METHODS Using Health Insurance Review and Assessment claims data from South Korea, we included patients who underwent complete resection for stage IB-IIIA NSCLC during the index period (January 1, 2012, to October 31, 2018). Patients who experienced recurrence were matched with those who did not using 1:1 propensity score (PS) matching. The mean healthcare costs and resource utilization were analyzed from the date of complete resection to the last claims for cancer treatment. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to estimate the impact of covariates on healthcare costs. A difference-in-difference (DID) analysis was conducted to analyze the healthcare costs between the two groups before and after recurrence. RESULTS Patients with recurrence incurred higher healthcare costs, particularly in outpatient settings. The cost of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors primarily contributed to cost differences, and medication costs increased over time after complete resection. Patients with recurrence were also hospitalized more frequently (9.3 vs. 5.0, p < 0.0001) for a longer period (74 days vs. 42 days, p < 0.0001) than those without recurrence. GLM analysis showed that the total cost was 2.31-fold higher in patients with recurrence (95% confidence interval: 2.19-2.44). The DID analysis showed significantly increased total costs in patients with recurrence (β = 26,269, p < 0.0001), which was mostly attributed to medication costs (β = 17,951, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Recurrence of completely resected NSCLC leads to a substantial increase in healthcare costs and resource utilization. The results of this study show the economic burden of recurrence, which may help future economic analyses and resource allocation.
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Lee JH, Kim EY, Park CK, Lee SY, Lee MK, Yoon SH, Lee JE, Lee SH, Kim SJ, Lee SY, Lim JH, Jang TW, Jang SH, Lee KY, Lee SH, Yang SH, Park DW, Park CK, Kang HS, Yeo CD, Choi CM, Lee JC. Real-World Study of Osimertinib in Korean Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor T790M Mutation-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2023; 55:112-122. [PMID: 36049499 PMCID: PMC9873329 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2022.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although osimertinib is the standard-of-care treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer, real-world evidence on the efficacy of osimertinib is not enough to reflect the complexity of the entire course of treatment. Herein, we report on the use of osimertinib in patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer who had previously received EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with confirmed EGFR T790M after disease progression of prior EGFR-TKI were enrolled and administered osimertinib 80 mg daily. The primary effectiveness outcome was progression-free survival, with time-to-treatment discontinuation, treatment and adverse effects leading to treatment discontinuation, and overall survival being the secondary endpoints. RESULTS A total of 558 individuals were enrolled, and 55.2% had investigator-assessed responses. The median progression-free survival was 14.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.0 to 16.4), and the median time-to-treatment discontinuation was 15.0 months (95% CI, 14.1 to 15.9). The median overall survival was 36.7 months (95% CI, 30.9 to not reached). The benefit with osimertinib was consistent regardless of the age, sex, smoking history, and primary EGFR mutation subtype. However, hepatic metastases at the time of diagnosis, the presence of plasma EGFR T790M, and the shorter duration of prior EGFR-TKI treatment were poor predictors of osimertinib treatment. Ten patients (1.8%), including three with pneumonitis, had to discontinue osimertinib due to severe adverse effects. CONCLUSION Osimertinib demonstrated its clinical effectiveness and survival benefit for EGFR T790M mutation-positive in Korean patients with no new safety signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Ho Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Cheol-Kyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun,
Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Min Ki Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Yoon
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jun Hyeok Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Tae-Won Jang
- Department of Pulmonology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan,
Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Kye Young Lee
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sei Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan,
Korea
| | - Dong Won Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chan Kwon Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hye Seon Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon,
Korea
| | - Chang Dong Yeo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea,Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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Chung EK, Yong SH, Lee EH, Kim EY, Chang YS, Lee SH. New Targeted Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2023; 86:1-13. [PMID: 36196556 PMCID: PMC9816494 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2022.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks first in cancer mortality in Korea and cancer incidence in Korean men. More than half of Korean lung cancer patients undergo chemotherapy, including adjuvant therapy. Cytotoxic agents, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in chemotherapy according to the biopsy and genetic test results. Among chemotherapy, the one that has developed rapidly is targeted therapy. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines have been updated recently for targeted therapy of multiple gene mutations, and targeted therapy is used not only for chemotherapy but also for adjuvant therapy. While previously targeted therapies have been developed for common genetic mutations, recently targeted therapies have been developed to overcome uncommon mutations or drug resistance that have occurred since previous targeted therapy. Therefore, this study describes recent, rapidly developing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ki Chung
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Yong
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Chang
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Address for correspondence Sang Hoon Lee, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea Phone 82-2-2228-1941 Fax 82-2-2228-1932 E-mail
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19
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Choi J, Lee JE, Choi C, Oh I, Lee KY, Jang TW, Lee SH, Kim EY, Park DW, Park SH, Lee SY. A phase II, multicenter study of lazertinib as consolidation therapy in patients with locally advanced, unresectable, EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (stage III) who have not progressed following definitive, platinum-based, chemoradiation therapy (PLATINUM trial). Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:3431-3435. [PMID: 36259253 PMCID: PMC9715807 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The PACIFIC study demonstrated that durvalumab consolidation therapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). However, there was no clinical benefit in both PFS and OS in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive patient groups in a post hoc exploratory analysis. Moreover, the clinical effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in EGFR mutation-positive stage IV NSCLC were demonstrated to be poor. Personalized treatment according to the mutation status is also required in stage III NSCLC. Lazertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is newly developed and approved for use in Korea. METHODS This prospective, open, single-arm, multicenter, phase II clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lazertinib as a consolidative therapy after CCRT treatment in unresectable, EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC stage III patients. The primary endpoint of this study is PFS, and the secondary endpoints are OS, objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DoR), time to death or distant metastasis (TTDM), and safety profiles. DISCUSSION Our study may extend the indications for third-generation EGFR-TKIs to treat patients with stage III NSCLC. Moreover, using this drug to treat stage III NSCLC would emphasize the value of mutation analysis and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwhan Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal MedicineCollege of Medicine, Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Chang‐Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineAsan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - In‐Jae Oh
- Department of Internal MedicineChonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun HospitalHwasunRepublic of Korea
| | - Kye Young Lee
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineKonkuk University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Jang
- Department of Internal MedicineKosin University Medical CollegePusanRepublic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineKyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal MedicineSeverance Hospital, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University HospitalHanyang University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun Hyo Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Respiratory CenterKeimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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20
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Kim T, Lee SJ, Jang T. Application of several machine learning algorithms for the prediction of afatinib treatment outcome in advanced-stage EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:3353-3361. [PMID: 36278315 PMCID: PMC9715822 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of several machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting 1-year afatinib continuation and 2-year survival after afatinib initiation and to identify the differences in survival outcomes between ML-classified strata. METHODS Data that were also used in the RESET study were retrospectively collected from 16 hospitals in South Korea. A stratified random sampling method was applied to split the data into training and test sets (70:30 split ratio). Clinical information, such as age, sex, tumor stage, smoking, performance status, metastasis, type of metastasis, dose adjustment, and pathologic information on EGFR mutations were inputted. Training was performed using eight ML algorithms: logistic regression, decision tree, deep neural network, random forest, support vector machine, boosting, bagging, and the naïve Bayes classifier. The model performance was assessed based on sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated and compared between the ML models using DeLong's test. A Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve was used to visualize the identified strata obtained from the ML models. RESULTS No significant differences in the input variables were observed between the training and test datasets. The best-performing models were support vector machine in predicting 1-year afatinib continuation (AUC 0.626) and decision tree in 2-year survival after afatinib start (AUC 0.644), although the performances of the ML models were comparable and did not display any predictive roles. KM analysis and log-rank test revealed significant differences between the strata identified from the ML model (p < 0.001) in terms of both time-on-treatment (TOT) and overall survival (OS). CONCLUSION The performances of ML models in our study found no discernible roles in predicting afatinib-related outcomes, although the identified strata revealed different TOT and OS in the KM analysis. This implies the strength of ML in predicting the survival outcome, as well as the limitation of electronic medical record-based variables in ML algorithms. Careful consideration of variable inclusion is likely to improve the general model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyun Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal MedicineThe Armed Forces Goyang HospitalGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Department of StatisticsPusan National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae‐Won Jang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal MedicineKosin University College of Medicine, Kosin University Gospel HospitalBusanRepublic of Korea
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21
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Park HK, Han J, Kwon GY, Yeo MK, Bae GE. Patterns of Extrathoracic Metastasis in Lung Cancer Patients. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8794-8801. [PMID: 36421344 PMCID: PMC9689009 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of death in lung cancer patients. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the metastatic mechanisms is important for developing better management strategies for lung cancer patients. This study evaluated the patterns of extrathoracic metastases in lung cancer. We retrieved data for 25,103 lung cancer patients from an institutional database and then evaluated the impacts of clinicopathologic factors on metastasis patterns. We found that 36.5% of patients had extrathoracic metastasis. Younger patients had a significantly higher extrathoracic metastasis rate in most histologic subtypes. Metastases to the bone (58.3%), central nervous system (CNS) (44.3%), liver (26.6%) and adrenal gland (18.3%) accounted for 85.5% of all extrathoracic metastases. Patients with nonmucinous adenocarcinoma had significantly higher bone metastasis rate. Patients with small cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) had significantly higher liver metastasis rates. Further, patients with LCNEC also had a significantly lower bone metastasis rate, and patients with squamous cell carcinoma had a significantly lower CNS metastasis rate. Patients with multiple cancers had similar patterns of metastasis compared to patients with only lung cancer. In conclusion, different histologic subtypes of lung cancer have different metastatic patterns. Our study might help clinicians decide on follow-up strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Munwha-ro 266, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Joungho Han
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghee Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Munwha-ro 266, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Go Eun Bae
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Munwha-ro 266, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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22
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Lee HW, Lee HJ, Lee JK, Park TY, Heo EY, Kim DK. Rapid FEV1 Decline and Lung Cancer Incidence in South Korea. Chest 2022; 162:466-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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23
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Park HJ, Kim YM, Jung JS, Ji W, Lee JC, Choi CM. Two-year efficacy of SNK01 plus pembrolizumab for non-small cell lung cancer: Expanded observations from a phase I/IIa randomized controlled trial. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2050-2056. [PMID: 35670036 PMCID: PMC9284127 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A previous trial showed that autologous ex‐vivo expanded NK cell (SNK01) treatment combined with pembrolizumab showed better efficacy than pembrolizumab monotherapy in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was a 2‐year follow‐up of that previous study to determine the long‐term efficacy of the combination treatment. Methods This trial included 20 patients with advanced NSCLC with a PD‐L1 tumor proportion score of 1% or greater who failed prior to front‐line platinum‐based therapy. The patients received pembrolizumab with low‐dose SNK01 (2 × 109 cells/dose) or high‐dose SNK01 (4 × 109 cells/dose), or pembrolizumab monotherapy. The primary study endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). Results Two patients were excluded following serious adverse events. Among the 11 patients who died, five were from the NK groups (41.6%, n = 5/12), and six received pembrolizumab monotherapy (100%, n = 6/6). The estimated 2‐year survival rate was 58.3% versus 16.7% (pembrolizumab plus SNK01 vs. pembrolizumab monotherapy). The hazard ratio of pembrolizumab plus SNK01 compared with pembrolizumab monotherapy was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.1, 1.08, p‐value: 0.066). Although the median PFS was significantly higher in the pembrolizumab plus SNK01 group than in the pembrolizumab alone group, OS and PFS did not differ statistically between patients who received low doses of NK cells and those who received high doses of NK cells. Conclusions Autologous NK cells can enhance the long‐term OS and PFS for NSCLC. A larger study is needed to confirm this result. Clinical Research Information Service number: KCT0003463.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jun Park
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Information Medicine, Asan medical center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Wonjun Ji
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Association between Low-Dose Computed Tomography Results and 1-Year Smoking Cessation in a Residential Smoking Cessation Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095510. [PMID: 35564904 PMCID: PMC9102135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health threat. Smoking and smoking-related lung diseases are risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection. This study investigated whether low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan results affected the success of 1-year smoking cessation. The Gyeonggi Southern Smoking Support Center performed the residential smoking cessation program from January to December 2018. During the program, LDCT was performed on 292 participants; 6 months later, follow-up via telephone or visit was conducted. Among the 179 participants who succeeded in smoking cessation for 6 months, telephone follow-up was conducted to determine whether there was a 12-month continuous smoking cessation. In order to evaluate the association between LDCT results and 12-month continuous abstinence rate (CAR), logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The CARs at 6 and 12 months were 61.3% and 31.5%, respectively. Indeterminate or suspicious malignant lung nodules were associated with a higher 12-month CAR (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.15–7.98), whereas psychiatric history was associated with a lower 12-month CAR (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03–0.15). These results suggest that abnormal lung screening results may encourage smokers to quit smoking.
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25
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Impact of COPD Treatment on Survival in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092391. [PMID: 35566517 PMCID: PMC9104207 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the impact of COPD treatment on the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC remains uncertain. We retrospectively investigated COPD patients among patients newly diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between September 2005 and August 2019 at a university hospital. The clinical characteristics, lung function, and survival outcomes were analyzed and compared between patients who did and did not receive COPD treatment. Among 221 patients with advanced NSCLC and COPD, 124 patients received treatment for COPD and 97 patients did not receive treatment for COPD. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted value was greater in the no-treatment group than in the COPD treatment group (p < 0.001). The median overall survival (OS) of the treatment group was 10.7 months, while that of the no-treatment group was 8.7 months (p = 0.007). In the multivariate analysis, COPD treatment was independently associated with improved OS (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.53−0.95, and p = 0.021). COPD treatment was associated with improved OS in patients with advanced NSCLC and COPD. Therefore, pretreatment spirometry and maximal treatment for COPD may offer a chance of optimal management for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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26
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Nam Y, Choi CM, Park YS, Jung H, Hwang HS, Lee JC, Lee JW, Lee JE, Kang JH, Jung BH, Ji W. CDCP1 Expression Is a Potential Biomarker of Poor Prognosis in Resected Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020341. [PMID: 35054034 PMCID: PMC8779436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although early-stage lung cancer has increased owing to the introduction of screening programs, high recurrence rate remains a critical concern. We aimed to explore biomarkers related to the prognosis of surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected medical records of patients with NSCLC and matched tissue microarray blocks from surgical specimens. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was performed for measuring the expression level of fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-α), Jagged-1 (JAG1), and CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Results: A total of 453 patients who underwent complete resection between January 2011 and February 2012 were enrolled; 55.2% patients had stage I NSCLC, and 31.1% presented squamous cell carcinoma. Disease stage was a significant risk factor for recurrence and death, and age ≥ 65 years and male sex were associated with poor overall survival. FAP-a and JaG1 were not related to survivals, while CDCP1-expressing patients exhibited poor disease-free and overall survival. Moreover, CDCP1 expression in stage I NSCLC was significantly associated with recurrence. Conclusions: Old age, male sex, and high pathological stage were poor prognostic factors in patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. Furthermore, CDCP1 expression could serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in stage I NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunha Nam
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.); (C.-M.C.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Young Soo Park
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.S.P.); (H.S.H.)
| | - HyunA Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Hee Sang Hwang
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.S.P.); (H.S.H.)
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Jung Wook Lee
- Therapeutic Antibody R&D Center, Theranotics Co., Ltd., Seoul 05842, Korea; (J.W.L.); (J.E.L.); (J.H.K.); (B.H.J.)
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Therapeutic Antibody R&D Center, Theranotics Co., Ltd., Seoul 05842, Korea; (J.W.L.); (J.E.L.); (J.H.K.); (B.H.J.)
| | - Jung Hee Kang
- Therapeutic Antibody R&D Center, Theranotics Co., Ltd., Seoul 05842, Korea; (J.W.L.); (J.E.L.); (J.H.K.); (B.H.J.)
| | - Byung Hun Jung
- Therapeutic Antibody R&D Center, Theranotics Co., Ltd., Seoul 05842, Korea; (J.W.L.); (J.E.L.); (J.H.K.); (B.H.J.)
| | - Wonjun Ji
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.); (C.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-1699; Fax: +82-2-3010-6968
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