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Edwards V, Smith DL, Meylan F, Tiffany L, Poncet S, Wu WW, Phue JN, Santana-Quintero L, Clouse KA, Gabay O. Analyzing the Role of Gut Microbiota on the Onset of Autoimmune Diseases Using TNF ΔARE Murine Model. Microorganisms 2021; 10:73. [PMID: 35056521 PMCID: PMC8779571 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about disease transmission via the gut microbiome. We hypothesized that certain inflammatory features could be transmitted via the gut microbiome and tested this hypothesis using an animal model of inflammatory diseases. Twelve-week-old healthy C57 Bl/6 and Germ-Free (GF) female and male mice were fecal matter transplanted (FMT) under anaerobic conditions with TNFΔARE-/+ donors exhibiting spontaneous Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) or with conventional healthy mice control donors. The gut microbiome analysis was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing amplification and bioinformatics analysis with the HIVE bioinformatics platform. Histology, immunohistochemistry, ELISA Multiplex analysis, and flow cytometry were conducted to confirm the inflammatory transmission status. We observed RA and IBD features transmitted in the GF mice cohort, with gut tissue disruption, cartilage alteration, elevated inflammatory mediators in the tissues, activation of CD4/CD8+ T cells, and colonization and transmission of the gut microbiome similar to the donors' profile. We did not observe a change or transmission when conventional healthy mice were FMT with TNFΔARE-/+ donors, suggesting that a healthy microbiome might withstand an unhealthy transplant. These findings show the potential involvement of the gut microbiome in inflammatory diseases. We identified a cluster of bacteria playing a role in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne Edwards
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Dylan L. Smith
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Francoise Meylan
- Translational Immunology Section, NIH, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Linda Tiffany
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Sarah Poncet
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Wells W. Wu
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Center for Biologicals Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (W.W.W.); (J.-N.P.)
| | - Je-Nie Phue
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Center for Biologicals Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (W.W.W.); (J.-N.P.)
| | - Luis Santana-Quintero
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research, Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, HIVE, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of New Drugs, Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Clouse
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Odile Gabay
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (V.E.); (D.L.S.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (K.A.C.)
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Jofre BL, Eliçabe RJ, Silva JE, Pérez Sáez JM, Paez MD, Callegari E, Mariño KV, Di Genaro MS, Rabinovich GA, Davicino RC. Galectin-1 Cooperates with Yersinia Outer Protein (Yop) P to Thwart Protective Immunity by Repressing Nitric Oxide Production. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1636. [PMID: 34827634 PMCID: PMC8615707 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) inserts outer proteins (Yops) into cytoplasm to infect host cells. However, in spite of considerable progress, the mechanisms implicated in this process, including the association of Yops with host proteins, remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the functional role of Galectin-1 (Gal1), an endogenous β-galactoside-binding protein, in modulating Yop interactions with host cells. Our results showed that Gal1 binds to Yops in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. Interestingly, Gal1 binding to Yops protects these virulence factors from trypsin digestion. Given that early control of Ye infection involves activation of macrophages, we evaluated the role of Gal1 and YopP in the modulation of macrophage function. Although Gal1 and YopP did not influence production of superoxide anion and/or TNF by Ye-infected macrophages, they coordinately inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production. Notably, recombinant Gal1 (rGal1) did not rescue NO increase observed in Lgals1-/- macrophages infected with the YopP mutant Ye ∆yopP. Whereas NO induced apoptosis in macrophages, no significant differences in cell death were detected between Gal1-deficient macrophages infected with Ye ∆yopP, and WT macrophages infected with Ye wt. Strikingly, increased NO production was found in WT macrophages treated with MAPK inhibitors and infected with Ye wt. Finally, rGal1 administration did not reverse the protective effect in Peyer Patches (PPs) of Lgals1-/- mice infected with Ye ∆yopP. Our study reveals a cooperative role of YopP and endogenous Gal1 during Ye infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Lucila Jofre
- División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis CP5700, Argentina; (B.L.J.); (R.J.E.); (J.E.S.); (M.S.D.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis C5700, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Javier Eliçabe
- División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis CP5700, Argentina; (B.L.J.); (R.J.E.); (J.E.S.); (M.S.D.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis C5700, Argentina
| | - Juan Eduardo Silva
- División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis CP5700, Argentina; (B.L.J.); (R.J.E.); (J.E.S.); (M.S.D.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis C5700, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Pérez Sáez
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (J.M.P.S.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Maria Daniela Paez
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 66544, USA; (M.D.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Eduardo Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 66544, USA; (M.D.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Karina Valeria Mariño
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
| | - María Silvia Di Genaro
- División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis CP5700, Argentina; (B.L.J.); (R.J.E.); (J.E.S.); (M.S.D.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis C5700, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Adrián Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (J.M.P.S.); (G.A.R.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Roberto Carlos Davicino
- División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis CP5700, Argentina; (B.L.J.); (R.J.E.); (J.E.S.); (M.S.D.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis C5700, Argentina
- Roberto Davicino, División de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejercito de los Andes 950, San Luis CP5700, Argentina
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Insights into the biology and therapeutic implications of TNF and regulatory T cells. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:487-504. [PMID: 34226727 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatments that block tumour necrosis factor (TNF) have major beneficial effects in several autoimmune and rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, some patients do not respond to TNF inhibitor treatment and rare occurrences of paradoxical disease exacerbation have been reported. These limitations on the clinical efficacy of TNF inhibitors can be explained by the differences between TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 signalling and by the diverse effects of TNF on multiple immune cells, including FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. This basic knowledge sheds light on the consequences of TNF inhibitor therapies on regulatory T cells in treated patients and on the limitations of such treatment in the control of diseases with an autoimmune component. Accordingly, the next generation of drugs targeting TNF is likely to be based on agents that selectively block the binding of TNF to TNFR1 and on TNFR2 agonists. These approaches could improve the treatment of rheumatic diseases in the future.
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Cutine AM, Bach CA, Veigas F, Merlo JP, Laporte L, Manselle Cocco MN, Massaro M, Sarbia N, Perrotta RM, Mahmoud YD, Rabinovich GA. Tissue-specific control of galectin-1-driven circuits during inflammatory responses. Glycobiology 2021; 31:891-907. [PMID: 33498084 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relevance of glycan-binding protein in immune tolerance and inflammation has been well established, mainly by studies of C-type lectins, siglecs and galectins both in experimental models and patient samples. Galectins, a family of evolutionarily conserved lectins, are characterized by sequence homology in the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), atypical secretion via an ER-Golgi-independent pathway and the ability to recognize β-galactoside-containing saccharides. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a prototype member of this family displays mainly anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, although, similar to many cytokines and growth factors, it may also trigger paradoxical pro-inflammatory effects under certain circumstances. These dual effects could be associated to tissue-, time- or context-dependent regulation of galectin expression and function, including particular pathophysiologic settings and/or environmental conditions influencing the structure of this lectin, as well as the availability of glycosylated ligands in immune cells during the course of inflammatory responses. Here, we discuss the tissue-specific role of Gal-1 as a master regulator of inflammatory responses across different pathophysiologic settings, highlighting its potential role as a therapeutic target. Further studies designed at analyzing the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that control Gal-1 expression and function in different tissue microenvironments may contribute to design tailored therapeutic strategies aimed at positively or negatively modulate this glycan-binding protein in pathologic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela M Cutine
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila A Bach
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Veigas
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joaquín P Merlo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Laporte
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Montana N Manselle Cocco
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mora Massaro
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Sarbia
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramiro M Perrotta
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yamil D Mahmoud
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Laboratorios de Inmunopatología, Glicómica Funcional e Inmuno-Oncología Translacional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Rodriguez YI, Campos LE, Castro MG, Bannoud N, Blidner AG, Filippa VP, Croci DO, Rabinovich GA, Alvarez SE. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 (p55) Deficiency Attenuates Tumor Growth and Intratumoral Angiogenesis and Stimulates CD8 + T Cell Function in Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112469. [PMID: 33202705 PMCID: PMC7696624 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in shaping the tumor microenvironment is ambiguous. Consistent with its uncertain role in melanoma, TNF-α plays a dual role, either acting as a cytotoxic cytokine or favoring a tumorigenic inflammatory microenvironment. TNF-α signals via two cognate receptors, namely TNFR1 (p55) and TNFR2 (p75), which mediate divergent biological activities. Here, we analyzed the impact of TNFR1 deficiency in tumor progression in the B16.F1 melanoma model. Tumors developed in mice lacking TNFR1 (TNFR1 knock-out; KO) were smaller and displayed lower proliferation compared to their wild type (WT) counterpart. Moreover, TNFR1 KO mice showed reduced tumor angiogenesis. Although no evidence of spontaneous metastases was observed, conditioned media obtained from TNFR1 KO tumors increased tumor cell migration. Whereas the analysis of tumor-associated immune cell infiltrates showed similar frequency of total and M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the percentage of CD8+ T cells was augmented in TNFR1 KO tumors. Indeed, functional ex vivo assays demonstrated that CD8+ T cells obtained from TNFR1KO mice displayed an increased cytotoxic function. Thus, lack of TNFR1 attenuates melanoma growth by modulating tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and CD8+ T cell accumulation and activation, suggesting that interruption of TNF-TNFR1 signaling may contribute to control tumor burden.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Proliferation
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Melanins/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/blood supply
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/deficiency
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamila I. Rodriguez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis D5700, Argentina; (Y.I.R.); (L.E.C.); (M.G.C.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Ludmila E. Campos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis D5700, Argentina; (Y.I.R.); (L.E.C.); (M.G.C.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Melina G. Castro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis D5700, Argentina; (Y.I.R.); (L.E.C.); (M.G.C.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Nadia Bannoud
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza C5500, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.O.C.)
| | - Ada G. Blidner
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina; (A.G.B.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Verónica P. Filippa
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis D5700, Argentina; (Y.I.R.); (L.E.C.); (M.G.C.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Diego O. Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza C5500, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.O.C.)
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina; (A.G.B.); (G.A.R.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Sergio E. Alvarez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis D5700, Argentina; (Y.I.R.); (L.E.C.); (M.G.C.); (V.P.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Verma A, Sharda S, Rathi B, Somvanshi P, Pandey BD. Elucidating potential molecular signatures through host-microbe interactions for reactive arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease using combinatorial approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15131. [PMID: 32934294 PMCID: PMC7492238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive Arthritis (ReA), a rare seronegative inflammatory arthritis, lacks exquisite classification under rheumatic autoimmunity. ReA is solely established using differential clinical diagnosis of the patient cohorts, where pathogenic triggers linked to enteric and urogenital microorganisms e.g. Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter, Chlamydia have been reported. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), an idiopathic enteric disorder co-evolved and attuned to present gut microbiome dysbiosis, can be correlated to the genesis of enteropathic arthropathies like ReA. Gut microbes symbolically modulate immune system homeostasis and are elementary for varied disease patterns in autoimmune disorders. The gut-microbiota axis structured on the core host-microbe interactions execute an imperative role in discerning the etiopathogenesis of ReA and IBD. This study predicts the molecular signatures for ReA with co-evolved IBD through the enveloped host-microbe interactions and microbe-microbe 'interspecies communication', using synonymous gene expression data for selective microbes. We have utilized a combinatorial approach that have concomitant in-silico work-pipeline and experimental validation to corroborate the findings. In-silico analysis involving text mining, metabolic network reconstruction, simulation, filtering, host-microbe interaction, docking and molecular mimicry studies results in robust drug target/s and biomarker/s for co-evolved IBD and ReA. Cross validation of the target/s or biomarker/s was done by targeted gene expression analysis following a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Studies were performed to substantiate the host-microbe disease network consisting of protein-marker-symptom/disease-pathway-drug associations resulting in possible identification of vital drug targets, biomarkers, pathways and inhibitors for IBD and ReA.Our study identified Na(+)/H(+) anti-porter (NHAA) and Kynureninase (KYNU) to be robust early and essential host-microbe interacting targets for IBD co-evolved ReA. Other vital host-microbe interacting genes, proteins, pathways and drugs include Adenosine Deaminase (ADA), Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2), Catalase (CAT), Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme (ACE), carbon metabolism (folate biosynthesis) and methotrexate. These can serve as potential prognostic/theranostic biomarkers and signatures that can be extrapolated to stratify ReA and related autoimmunity patient cohorts for further pilot studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukriti Verma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, J-3 Block, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, UP, 201313, India
| | - Shivani Sharda
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, J-3 Block, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, UP, 201313, India.
| | - Bhawna Rathi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, J-3 Block, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, UP, 201313, India
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Bimlesh Dhar Pandey
- Fortis Hospital, B-22, Sector 62, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
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7
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Silva JE, Mayordomo AC, Dave MN, Aguilera Merlo C, Eliçabe RJ, Di Genaro MS. Dendritic Cells of Mesenteric and Regional Lymph Nodes Contribute to Yersinia enterocolitica O:3-Induced Reactive Arthritis in TNFRp55-/- Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1859-1868. [PMID: 32122996 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) participate in the pathogenesis of several diseases. We investigated DCs and the connection between mucosa and joints in a murine model of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3-induced reactive arthritis (ReA) in TNFRp55-/- mice. DCs of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and joint regional lymph nodes (RLN) were analyzed in TNFRp55-/- and wild-type mice. On day 14 after Y. enterocolitica infection (arthritis onset), we found that under TNFRp55 deficiency, migratory (MHChighCD11c+) DCs increased significantly in RLN. Within these RLN, resident (MHCintCD11c+) DCs increased on days 14 and 21. Similar changes in both migratory and resident DCs were also detected on day 14 in MLN of TNFRp55-/- mice. In vitro, LPS-stimulated migratory TNFRp55-/- DCs of MLN increased IL-12/23p40 compared with wild-type mice. In addition, TNFRp55-/- bone marrow-derived DCs in a TNFRp55-/- MLN microenvironment exhibited higher expression of CCR7 after Y. enterocolitica infection. The major intestinal DC subsets (CD103+CD11b-, CD103-CD11b+, and CD103+CD11b+) were found in the RLN of Y. enterocolitica-infected TNFRp55-/- mice. Fingolimod (FTY720) treatment of Y. enterocolitica-infected mice reduced the CD11b- subset of migratory DCs in RLN of TNFRp55-/- mice and significantly suppressed the severity of ReA in these mice. This result was associated with decreased articular IL-12/23p40 and IFN-γ levels. In vitro FTY720 treatment downregulated CCR7 on Y. enterocolitica-infected bone marrow-derived DCs and purified MLN DCs, which may explain the mechanism underlying the impairment of DCs in RLN induced by FTY720. Taken together, data indicate the migration of intestinal DCs to RLN and the contribution of these cells in the immunopathogenesis of ReA, which may provide evidence for controlling this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan E Silva
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; and.,Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Andrea C Mayordomo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Mabel N Dave
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Claudia Aguilera Merlo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; and
| | - Ricardo J Eliçabe
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; and.,Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - María S Di Genaro
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; and .,Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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8
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IL-12/23p40 overproduction by dendritic cells leads to an increased Th1 and Th17 polarization in a model of Yersinia enterocolitica-induced reactive arthritis in TNFRp55-/- mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193573. [PMID: 29494692 PMCID: PMC5832265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical functions in the initiation of immune responses. Understanding their role in reactive arthritis (ReA) will help delineate the pathogenesis of this arthropathy. In early studies, we detected IL-12/23p40 deregulation in Yersinia entercolitica (Ye)-induced ReA in TNFRp55-deficient (TNFRp55-/-) mice. In this study, we assessed the contribution of DCs in this overproduction. First, greater levels of IL-12/23p40, IFN-γand IL-17A were confirmed in supernatants of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNFRp55-/-splenocytes obtained on arthritis onset (day 14 after Ye infection). Later, DCs were identified as a precise source of IL-12/23p40 since increased frequency of splenic IL-12/23p40+DCs was detected in TNFRp55-/- mice. After robust in vivo amplification of DCs by injection of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-Ligand (Flt3L)-transfected BL16 melanoma, DCs were purified. These cells recapitulated the higher production of IL-12/23p40 under TNFRp55deficiency. In agreement with these results, TNFRp55-/- DCs promoted Th1 and Th17 programs by co-culture with WT CD4+lymphocytes. A mechanistic study demonstrated that JNK and p38 MAPK pathways are involved in IL-12/23p40 overproduction in purified TNFRp55-/- DCs as well as in the JAWS II cell line. This deregulation was once again attributed to TNFRp55 deficiency since CAY10500, a specific inhibitor of this pathway, compromised TNF-mediated IL-12/23p40 control in LPS-stimulated WT DCs. Simultaneously, this inhibition reduced IL-10 production, suggesting its role mediating IL-12/23p40 regulation by TNFRp55 pathway. These results provide experimental data on the existence of a TNFRp55-mediated anti-inflammatory circuit in DCs. Moreover, these cells may be considered as a novel target in the treatment of ReA.
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9
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Arias JL, Mayordomo AC, Silva JE, Ragusa JAV, Rabinovich GA, Anzulovich AC, Di Genaro MS. Peripheral Neuroimmunoendocrine Interactions: Contribution of TNFRp55 to the Circadian Synchronization of Progesterone and Cytokine Production in Joints of Mice in Late Pregnancy. Neuroimmunomodulation 2018; 25:153-162. [PMID: 30304732 DOI: 10.1159/000493143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian rhythms are generated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and involve rhythmic expression of clock genes and proteins. This rhythmicity is transferred to peripheral tissues by neural and hormonal signals. Late pregnancy is considered a state of inflammation which impacts on peripheral tissues such as joints. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mediates inflammatory and circadian responses through its p55 receptor (TNFRp55). Neuroimmunoendocrine interactions in joints have not been studied completely. The purpose of this study was to analyze these interactions, investigating the circadian rhythms of progesterone (Pg) and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the joints at the end of pregnancy (gestational day 18). Moreover, the impact of TNFRp55 deficiency on these temporal oscillations was explored. METHODS Wild-type and TNFRp55-deficient (KO) C57BL/6 mice were kept under constant darkness in order to study their endogenous circadian rhythms. The expression of the clock genes Bmal1 and Per1 at circadian time 7 was studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the ankle joints of nonpregnant and pregnant (gestational day 18) mice. In late pregnancy, Pg and the cytokines interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL-6, and IL-10 were measured in the joints throughout a 24-h period by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS A significant increase in Bmal1 and Per1 mRNA expression was detected in the joints of pregnant KO mice. Furthermore, KO mice displayed a desynchronization of articular Pg and cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that TNF, via TNFRp55 signaling, modulates articular Pg and cytokine circadian rhythms in late pregnancy. These findings suggest a temporal neuroimmunoendocrine association in peripheral tissues in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Arias
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Andrea C Mayordomo
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Juan E Silva
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Juan A V Ragusa
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana C Anzulovich
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - María S Di Genaro
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis,
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis,
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10
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Davicino RC, Méndez-Huergo SP, Eliçabe RJ, Stupirski JC, Autenrieth I, Di Genaro MS, Rabinovich GA. Galectin-1–Driven Tolerogenic Programs AggravateYersinia enterocoliticaInfection by Repressing Antibacterial Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1382-1392. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Hull DN, Cooksley H, Chokshi S, Williams RO, Abraham S, Taylor PC. Increase in circulating Th17 cells during anti-TNF therapy is associated with ultrasonographic improvement of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:303. [PMID: 28010726 PMCID: PMC5180397 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-TNF agents have revolutionised rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment; however, a third of patients fail to achieve therapeutic responses. Unexpectedly, studies in murine and human arthritis have indicated that anti-TNF treatment can increase circulating T helper 17 (Th17) cells, but the relationship to treatment response is unclear. To identify immune correlates of anti-TNF treatment response, we conducted a longitudinal study using clinical, ultrasound and T cell assessments. METHODS Patients with RA (n = 25) were studied at protocol visits during the initial 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment. Improvement in the disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28) >1.2 defined treatment responders (n = 16) and non-responders (n = 9). Changes in synovial thickening and vascularity of 10 metacarpophalangeal joints were quantitatively assessed by grey scale and power Doppler ultrasound. The frequency of circulating Th17 cells was determined by IL17 enzyme-linked immunospot assay (Elispot) and flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)). RESULTS The frequency of circulating IL17-producing cells increased significantly 12 weeks after anti-TNF initiation (Elispot median (range) specific spot forming cells (spSFC)/106 360 (280-645) vs 632 (367 - 1167), p = 0.003). The increase in CD4 + IL17+ cells at 12 weeks was confirmed by FACS (median (range) %, 0.7 (0.5-0.9) vs 1.05 (0.6-1.3); p = 0.01). The increase in circulating Th17 cells inversely correlated with reduction in synovial vascularity (r = -0.68, p = 0.007) and thickening (r = -0.39; p = 0.04). Higher frequencies of circulating Th17 cells at baseline were associated with poorer anti-TNF treatment response defined by ultrasonographic measures. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a link between changes in circulating Th17 cells with resolution of ultrasonographic features of synovial inflammation and vascularity during anti-TNF treatment. The findings may reflect redistribution of Th17 cells from inflamed joints or TNF-driven regulation of Th17 cell production. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01060098 . Registered 29 January 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobrina N Hull
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Helen Cooksley
- Institute of Hepatology, The Foundation for Liver Research, 111 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NT, UK
| | - Shilpa Chokshi
- Institute of Hepatology, The Foundation for Liver Research, 111 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NT, UK
| | - Richard O Williams
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Sonya Abraham
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter C Taylor
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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12
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Cytokine-modulating strategies and newer cytokine targets for arthritis therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:887-906. [PMID: 25561237 PMCID: PMC4307281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are the key mediators of inflammation in the course of autoimmune arthritis and other immune-mediated diseases. Uncontrolled production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-17 can promote autoimmune pathology, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-10, and IL-27 can help control inflammation and tissue damage. The pro-inflammatory cytokines are the prime targets of the strategies to control rheumatoid arthritis (RA). For example, the neutralization of TNFα, either by engineered anti-cytokine antibodies or by soluble cytokine receptors as decoys, has proven successful in the treatment of RA. The activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines can also be downregulated either by using specific siRNA to inhibit the expression of a particular cytokine or by using small molecule inhibitors of cytokine signaling. Furthermore, the use of anti-inflammatory cytokines or cytokine antagonists delivered via gene therapy has proven to be an effective approach to regulate autoimmunity. Unexpectedly, under certain conditions, TNFα, IFN-γ, and few other cytokines can display anti-inflammatory activities. Increasing awareness of this phenomenon might help develop appropriate regimens to harness or avoid this effect. Furthermore, the relatively newer cytokines such as IL-32, IL-34 and IL-35 are being investigated for their potential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of arthritis.
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13
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McCann FE, Perocheau DP, Ruspi G, Blazek K, Davies ML, Feldmann M, Dean JLE, Stoop AA, Williams RO. Selective Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor I Blockade Is Antiinflammatory and Reveals Immunoregulatory Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor II in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2728-38. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E. McCann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | | | - Gerhard Ruspi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Katrina Blazek
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Marie L. Davies
- Innovation Biopharm Discovery Unit, GlaxoSmithKline; Cambridge UK
| | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | | | - A. Allart Stoop
- Innovation Biopharm Discovery Unit, GlaxoSmithKline; Cambridge UK
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14
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Eliçabe RJ, Genaro MSD. Immunopathogenesis of reactive arthritis: Role of the cytokines. World J Immunol 2014; 4:78-87. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v4.i2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive arthritis (ReA), also known as sterile postinfectious arthritis, belongs to the group of related arthropathies known as spondyloarthritis (SpA). ReA can arise 1-4 wk after a gastrointestinal or genitourinary infection, but once arthritis develops, the microorganism is not found in the joint. The classical microbes associated with ReA development include Gram-negative aerobic or microaerophilic bacteria containing LPS in their outer membrane. The immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in ReA development are still unknown. A hypothesis suggested that the bacteria probably persist outside the joint, at sites such as gut mucosa or lymph nodes, and bacterial antigens might then be transported to the joints. On the other hand, an altered immune response and the unbalanced production of cytokines have been reported in subjects with ReA. Currently, there is increased evidence to suggest that both mechanisms would operate in the immunopathogenesis of ReA. In this review we highlight recent advances on the role of cytokines in the ReA. Particularly, we discuss the roles of some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines involved in the immunopathogenesis of ReA.
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15
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Dendrou CA, Bell JI, Fugger L. A clinical conundrum: the detrimental effect of TNF antagonists in multiple sclerosis. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 14:1397-404. [PMID: 24024893 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although TNF antagonists are efficacious in treating a range of autoimmune conditions, they exacerbate or even promote multiple sclerosis (MS)--a clinical finding that has been a conundrum for over a decade and has been a source of debate regarding the role of these drugs and of TNF signaling in the development of demyelinating disease. Recent work investigating the functional consequences of MS-associated genetic variation in the gene encoding TNFR1 has demonstrated that genetic risk drives the production of a novel, endogenous TNF antagonist. This mirrors the clinical experience with the drugs and indicates that the net effect of TNF function in MS development is a protective one, warranting a re-evaluation of the studies that have contributed to our understanding of TNF signaling in inflammation, immunoregulation and neuroprotection, to determine how future research can be directed towards targeting this pathway for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calliope A Dendrou
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
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16
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Puimège L, Libert C, Van Hauwermeiren F. Regulation and dysregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 25:285-300. [PMID: 24746195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
TNF is an essential regulator of the immune system. Dysregulation of TNF plays a role in the pathology of many auto-immune diseases. TNF-blocking agents have proven successful in the treatment of such diseases. Development of novel, safer or more effective drugs requires a deeper understanding of the regulation of the pro-inflammatory activities of TNF and its receptors. The ubiquitously expressed TNFR1 is responsible for most TNF effects, while TNFR2 has a limited expression pattern and performs immune-regulatory functions. Despite extensive knowledge of TNFR1 signaling, the regulation of TNFR1 expression, its modifications, localization and processing are less clear and the data are scattered. Here we review the current knowledge of TNFR1 regulation and discuss the impact this has on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Puimège
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Hauwermeiren
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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Batoulis H, Recks MS, Holland FO, Thomalla F, Williams RO, Kuerten S. Blockade of tumour necrosis factor-α in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis reveals differential effects on the antigen-specific immune response and central nervous system histopathology. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 175:41-8. [PMID: 24111507 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In various autoimmune diseases, anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α treatment has been shown to reduce both clinical disease severity and T helper type 1 (Th1)1/Th17 responses. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), however, the role of TNF-α has remained unclear. Here, C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 35-55 and treated with anti-TNF-α, control antibody or vehicle. The clinical disease course, incidence and severity were assessed. On day 20 after immunization the antigen-specific Th1/Th17 response was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) in spleen and central nervous system (CNS). Also, the extent of spinal cord histopathology was analysed on semi- and ultrathin sections. Our results demonstrate that anti-TNF-α treatment reduced the incidence and delayed the onset of EAE, but had no effect on disease severity once EAE had been established. Whereas anti-TNF-α treatment induced an increase in splenic Th1/Th17 responses, there was no effect on the number of antigen-specific Th1/Th17 cells in the spinal cord. Accordingly, the degree of CNS histopathology was comparable in control and anti-TNF-α-treated mice. In conclusion, while the anti-TNF-α treatment had neither immunosuppressive effects on the Th1/Th17 response in the CNS nor histoprotective properties in EAE, it enhanced the myelin-specific T cell response in the immune periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Batoulis
- Department of Anatomy I, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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18
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Cargnelutti E, Di Genaro MS. Reactive Arthritis: From Clinical Features to Pathogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2013.412a2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Abstract
In addition to its well-known pro-inflammatory effects, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) displays anti-inflammatory activities through mechanisms poorly understood. Previously, we reported the development of severe chronic Yersinia enterocolitica-induced reactive arthritis (ReA) in mice lacking the TNF receptor (TNFR)p55. As regulatory T (T(reg)) cells limit chronic inflammation, here we aim to investigate the expansion and function of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T(reg) cells in the ReA animal model. The number of T(reg) cells as well as the FoxP3 mRNA expression and interleukin (IL)-10 levels were significantly decreased in joint regional lymph nodes (RLNs) of TNFRp55(-/-) mice vs wild-type (WT) mice at the arthritis onset. However, at chronic phase of arthritis, the number of T(reg) cell in TNFRp55(-/-) was similar to WT mice. To explore the in vivo function of T(reg) cells at this chronic phase in WT and TNFRp55-deficient mice, we adoptively transferred CD4(+) T cells from TNFRp55-deficient mice of day 21, into naïve WT or TNFRp55(-/-) mice. When knockout mice were used as recipients we observed higher delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and joint inflammation after heat-killed Yersinia (HKY) stimulation. Accordingly, we found higher levels of IL-17, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and IL-12/23p40 and lower IL-10 levels in RLN of paws challenged with HKY in TNFRp55(-/-) recipient mice. In addition, we found that CD4(+) T cells from TNFRp55(-/-) mice controlled antigen-specific IL-12/23(p40) production in recipient WT mice. Our results show that TNFRp55 controls the induction and function of T(reg) cells through differential regulation of cytokine production, suggesting a novel molecular target for immune intervention in ReA.
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20
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Williams RO. What Have We Learned about the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis from TNF-Targeted Therapy? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/652739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies of cytokine regulation in rheumatoid arthritis led to the development of TNFα inhibitors which are now used for a number of indications, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The widespread use of biologics in the clinic offers unique opportunities for probing disease pathogenesis and this paper provides an overview of rheumatoid arthritis, with a particular emphasis on the impact of anti-TNFα therapy on pathogenetic mechanisms. An overview is also provided on the most commonly used animal models that mimic RA, including adjuvant-induced arthritis, collagen-induced arthritis, TNFα-transgenic mice, and the K/BxN and SKG models. These models have led to significant discoveries relating to the importance of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, resulting from disregulation of the normally finely tuned balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine signalling. In addition, experimental evidence is discussed suggesting how genetic and environmental factors can contribute to disease susceptibility. The role of effector and regulatory T cells is discussed in the light of the relatively disappointing therapeutic effects of T cell modifying agents such as anti-CD4 antibody and cyclosporin. It is concluded that comprehensive analyses of mechanisms of action of biologics and other drugs entering the clinic will be essential to optimise therapy, with the ultimate aim of providing a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard O. Williams
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, UK
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21
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Ramhorst RE, Giribaldi L, Fraccaroli L, Toscano MA, Stupirski JC, Romero MD, Durand ES, Rubinstein N, Blaschitz A, Sedlmayr P, Genti-Raimondi S, Fainboim L, Rabinovich GA. Galectin-1 confers immune privilege to human trophoblast: implications in recurrent fetal loss. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1374-86. [PMID: 22752006 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms accounting for the protection of the fetal semi-allograft from maternal immune cells remain incompletely understood. In previous studies, we showed that galectin-1 (Gal1), an immunoregulatory glycan-binding protein, hierarchically triggers a cascade of tolerogenic events at the mouse fetomaternal interface. Here, we show that Gal1 confers immune privilege to human trophoblast cells through the modulation of a number of regulatory mechanisms. Gal1 was mainly expressed in invasive extravillous trophoblast cells of human first trimester and term placenta in direct contact with maternal tissue. Expression of Gal1 by the human trophoblast cell line JEG-3 was primarily controlled by progesterone and pro-inflammatory cytokines and impaired T-cell responses by limiting T cell viability, suppressing the secretion of Th1-type cytokines and favoring the expansion of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T (T(reg)) cells. Targeted inhibition of Gal1 expression through antibody (Ab)-mediated blockade, addition of the specific disaccharide lactose or retroviral-mediated siRNA strategies prevented these immunoregulatory effects. Consistent with a homeostatic role of endogenous Gal1, patients with recurrent pregnancy loss showed considerably lower levels of circulating Gal1 and had higher frequency of anti-Gal1 auto-Abs in their sera compared with fertile women. Thus, endogenous Gal1 confers immune privilege to human trophoblast cells by triggering a broad tolerogenic program with potential implications in threatened pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna E Ramhorst
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Characterization of chronic cutaneous lesions from TNF-receptor-1-deficient mice infected by Leishmania major. Clin Dev Immunol 2011; 2012:865708. [PMID: 22203861 PMCID: PMC3235446 DOI: 10.1155/2012/865708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania major-infected TNF receptor 1 deficient (TNFR1 KO) mice resolve parasitism but fail to resolve lesions, while wild-type mice completely heal. We investigated the cell composition, cytokine production, and apoptosis in lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Chronic lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice presented larger number of CD8+ T and Ly6G+ cells. In addition, higher concentrations of mRNA for IFN-γ CCL2 and CCL5, as well as protein, but lower numbers of apoptotic cells, were found in lesions from TNFR1 KO mice than in WT, at late time points of infection. Our studies showed that persistent lesions in L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice may be mediated by continuous migration of cells to the site of inflammation due to the presence of chemokines and also by lower levels of apoptosis. We suggest that this model has some striking similarities to the mucocutaneous clinical form of leishmaniasis.
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Van Hauwermeiren F, Vandenbroucke RE, Libert C. Treatment of TNF mediated diseases by selective inhibition of soluble TNF or TNFR1. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2011; 22:311-9. [PMID: 21962830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The TNF signaling pathway is a valuable target in the therapy of autoimmune diseases, and anti-TNF drugs are successfully used to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and psoriasis. By their ability to interfere with inflammatory processes at multiple levels, these TNF blockers have become invaluable tools to inhibit the inflammation induced damage and allow recovery of the affected tissues. Unfortunately this therapy has some drawbacks, including increased risk of infection and malignancy, and remarkably, the onset of new auto-immune diseases. Some of these effects are caused by the unwanted abrogation of beneficial TNF signaling. More specific targeting of the pathological TNF-induced signaling might lead to broader applicability and improved safety. Specificity might be increased by inhibiting the soluble TNF/TNFR1 axis while leaving the often beneficial transmembrane TNF/TNFR2 signaling untouched. This approach looks promising because it inhibits the pathological effects of TNF and reduces the side effects, and it opens the way for the treatment of other diseases in which TNFR2 inhibition is detrimental. In this review we give an overview of in vivo mouse studies of TNF mediated pathologies demonstrating that the blockade or genetic deletion of sTNF or TNFR1 is preferable over total TNF blockade.
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Eliçabe RJ, Arias JL, Rabinovich GA, Di Genaro MS. TNFRp55 modulates IL-6 and nitric oxide responses following Yersinia lipopolysaccharide stimulation in peritoneal macrophages. Immunobiology 2011; 216:1322-30. [PMID: 21802165 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While cytokines are major regulators of macrophage activation following host-pathogen interactions, they also act to limit inflammation to avoid tissue damage. In previous studies we reported the development of progressive Yersinia enterocolitica-induced reactive arthritis (ReA) in mice lacking the tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 (TNFRp55). In this work, we analyzed the response of TNFRp55⁻/⁻ macrophages to Y. enterocolitica antigens. We found higher concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in TNFRp55⁻/⁻ compared to wild-type macrophages in response to heat-killed Yersinia (HKY) and Yersinia outer membranes (OM). Moreover, Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 expression was increased in OM-stimulated TNFRp55⁻/⁻ versus wild-type (WT) macrophages. Accordingly, NO production was inhibited in TLR4-deficient macrophages following stimulation with OM, suggesting that LPS may function as a major OM component implicated in these responses. Thus, augmented NO production together with enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and higher IL-6 production, may provide a pro-inflammatory setting in Yersinia LPS-stimulated TNFRp55⁻/⁻ macrophages. Augmented synthesis of NO and IL-6 was prevented by treatment with Polymyxin B, or by exposure to a specific NF-κB p65 oligonucleotide antisense, indicating the involvement of TLR4-mediated NF-κB activation in the unleashed pro-inflammatory response triggered by TNFRp55 deficiency. Thus, TNFRp55 modulates macrophage functions in response to Yersinia LPS stimulation through mechanisms involving NO, IL-6 and NF-κB pathways, suggesting an essential regulatory role of TNF via TNFRp55 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Eliçabe
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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