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Davila ML, Xu M, Huang C, Gaddes ER, Winter L, Cantorna MT, Wang Y, Xiong N. CCL27 is a crucial regulator of immune homeostasis of the skin and mucosal tissues. iScience 2022; 25:104426. [PMID: 35663027 PMCID: PMC9157018 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant immune cells reside in barrier tissues. Understanding the regulation of these cells can yield insights on their roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we report that the chemokine CCL27 is critical for establishment of resident lymphocytes and immune homeostasis in barrier tissues. CCL27 expression is associated with normal skin and hair follicle development independent of commensal bacterial stimulation, indicative of a homeostatic role for the chemokine. Accordingly, in the skin of CCL27-knockout mice, there is a reduced presence and dysregulated localization of T cells that express CCR10, the cognate receptor to CCL27. Besides, CCL27-knockout mice have overreactive skin inflammatory responses in an imiquimod-induced model of psoriasis. Beyond the skin, CCL27-knockout mice have increased infiltration of CCR10+ T cells into lungs and reproductive tracts, the latter of which also exhibit spontaneous inflammation. Our findings demonstrate that CCL27 is critical for immune homeostasis across barrier tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micha L Davila
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7758, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7758, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Chengyu Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7758, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Erin R Gaddes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 526 CBEB, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Levi Winter
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Margherita T Cantorna
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 526 CBEB, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7758, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,Department of Medicine-Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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2
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Chen C, Meng Z, Ren H, Zhao N, Shang R, He W, Hao J. The molecular mechanisms supporting the homeostasis and activation of dendritic epidermal T cell and its role in promoting wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2021; 9:tkab009. [PMID: 34212060 PMCID: PMC8240510 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and the first barrier against invasion. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) are a subset of γδ T cells and an important component of the epidermal immune microenvironment. DETCs are involved in skin wound healing, malignancy and autoimmune diseases. DETCs secrete insulin-like growth factor-1 and keratinocyte growth factor for skin homeostasis and re-epithelization and release inflammatory factors to adjust the inflammatory microenvironment of wound healing. Therefore, an understanding of their development, activation and correlative signalling pathways is indispensable for the regulation of DETCs to accelerate wound healing. Our review focuses on the above-mentioned molecular mechanisms to provide a general research framework to regulate and control the function of DETCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ziyu Meng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ruoyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jianlei Hao
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
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3
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Zhao L, Hu S, Davila ML, Yang J, Lin YD, Albanese JM, Lo Y, Wang Y, Kennett MJ, Liu Q, Xiong N. Coordinated co-migration of CCR10 + antibody-producing B cells with helper T cells for colonic homeostatic regulation. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:420-430. [PMID: 32773769 PMCID: PMC7870723 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the intestine, IgA antibody-secreting B cells (IgA-ASCs) and helper T cells coordinate to maintain local homeostasis while their dysregulation could lead to development of intestinal inflammatory diseases. However, mechanisms underlying the coordinated localization and function of the B and T cells into the intestine, particularly the colon, are poorly understood. We herein report the first evidence that the gut-homing chemokine receptor CCR10+ IgA-ASCs form conjugates with helper T cells, preferentially regulatory T cells, at their differentiation sites of gut-associated lymphoid organs for their coordinated co-localization into the colon to promote local homeostasis. In CCR10-knockout mice, defective migration of IgA-ASCs also resulted in defective T-cell migration and homeostasis, and development of inflammatory symptoms in the colon. Antigen-specific interaction of CCR10+ IgA-ASCs and T cells is crucial for their homeostatic establishment in the colon. On the other hand, in IgA-knockout mice, preferential expansion of CCR10+ IgG1-ASCs with regulatory functions compensated for CCR10+ IgA-ASCs to help maintain colonic homeostasis. The preferential expansion of specific subclasses of CCR10+ IgG-ASCs with regulatory functions was also found in asymptomatic IgA-deficient patients. These findings suggest coordinated cell migration as a novel mechanism underlying localization and function of B and T cells in colonic homeostatic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Zhao
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shaomin Hu
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA,Current address: Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Micha L. Davila
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Current address: Precision for Medicine-Houston Site, 2575 West Bellfort, Suite 190, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yang-Ding Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Joseph M. Albanese
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Yungtai Lo
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Mary J. Kennett
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA,Department of Medicine-Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,Correspondence to: Na Xiong, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229. ; Tel: 2104505362
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Li C, Xu M, Coyne J, Wang WB, Davila ML, Wang Y, Xiong N. Psoriasis-associated impairment of CCL27/CCR10-derived regulation leads to IL-17A/IL-22-producing skin T-cell overactivation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:759-763.e9. [PMID: 32533971 PMCID: PMC7726097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis-associated suppression of the skin-specific chemokine/receptor CCL27/CCR10 axis leads to enhanced pathogenic IL-17A/IL-22-producing skin T cell activation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa
| | - James Coyne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa
| | - Wei-Bei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa
| | - Micha L Davila
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa.
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa.
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5
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Cowan JE, Jenkinson WE, Anderson G. Thymus medulla fosters generation of natural Treg cells, invariant γδ T cells, and invariant NKT cells: what we learn from intrathymic migration. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:652-60. [PMID: 25615828 PMCID: PMC4405047 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The organization of the thymus into distinct cortical and medullary regions enables it to control the step-wise migration and development of immature T-cell precursors. Such a process provides access to specialized cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells at defined stages of maturation, ensuring the generation of self-tolerant and MHC-restricted conventional CD4+ and CD8+ αβ T cells. The migratory cues and stromal cell requirements that regulate the development of conventional αβ T cells have been well studied. However, the thymus also fosters the generation of several immunoregulatory T-cell populations that form key components of both innate and adaptive immune responses. These include Foxp3+ natural regulatory T cells, invariant γδ T cells, and CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells). While less is known about the intrathymic requirements of these nonconventional T cells, recent studies have highlighted the importance of the thymus medulla in their development. Here, we review recent findings on the mechanisms controlling the intrathymic migration of distinct T-cell subsets, and relate this to knowledge of the microenvironmental requirements of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Cowan
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Bunting MD, Comerford I, Kara EE, Korner H, McColl SR. CCR6 supports migration and differentiation of a subset of DN1 early thymocyte progenitors but is not required for thymic nTreg development. Immunol Cell Biol 2014; 92:489-98. [PMID: 24638065 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
T-cell selection and development occurs as precursor cells journey through the thymus and interact with stromal cells residing in distinct microenvironments. Although the chemokines CCL19, CCL21, CCL25 and CXCL12 are known to have major roles in intrathymic migration of thymocytes and thymocyte precursors, the significance of other chemokines such as CCL20, which is also expressed in the thymus, is unknown. This is of particular interest given that the thymus is the location of development of the natural regulatory T-cell (nTreg) population and that the CCL20 receptor CCR6 has an important role in peripheral tolerance via control of Treg cell migration. However, whether the CCL20/CCR6 axis has a role in the formation or migration of nTregs in the thymus is unknown. In this study, we addressed this by analyzing expression of CCR6/CCL20 within the thymus and assessing their role in thymocyte development using Ccr6(-/-) mice. CCL20 is predominately expressed in the thymic medulla and CCR6 expression is restricted to nTregs and a subset of early thymocyte progenitor double-negative 1 (DN1) cells (CD4(-)CD8(-)CD25(-)CD44(+)CD117(+)). Ex vivo chemotaxis assays indicated that these two subsets were apparently the sole subsets of thymocytes responsive to CCL20. The data indicate that nTreg frequencies and localization are unperturbed by deletion of Ccr6. However, in Ccr6(-/-) thymi, reduced frequencies of DN2 and DN3 cells, the thymocyte progenitor subsets that follow the DN1 stage, were apparent. Together, these data indicate that CCR6 has a supplementary role in coordination of early thymocyte precursor migration events important for normal subsequent thymocyte precursor development, but is not required for normal nTreg development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Bunting
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Pathology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide and Centre for Molecular Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Pathology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide and Centre for Molecular Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ervin E Kara
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Pathology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide and Centre for Molecular Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Heinrich Korner
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Pathology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide and Centre for Molecular Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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7
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Parlet CP, Waldschmidt TJ, Schlueter AJ. Chronic ethanol feeding induces subset loss and hyporesponsiveness in skin T cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:1356-64. [PMID: 24512045 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcoholism is associated with increased incidence and severity of cutaneous infection. Skin-resident T cells orchestrate numerous immunological functions that are critically involved in both tissue homeostasis and cutaneous immunity. The impact of chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure on skin T cells has not previously been examined; given their important role in maintaining the immune barrier function of the skin further study is warranted. METHODS Mice were administered EtOH in the drinking water for 12 to 16 weeks. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate impact of EtOH feeding on skin T cell numbers, rates of proliferation, and apoptosis as well as activation marker expression and cytokine production after ex vivo stimulation. RESULTS Chronic EtOH feeding caused a baseline reduction in dendritic epidermal T cell (DETC) numbers that corresponded with reduced expression of the activation marker JAML following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin stimulation. Chronic EtOH feeding did not alter total numbers of dermal T cells, but specific subset loss was observed in Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as CD3hi, Vγ3(+) and CD3int, Vγ3(-) dermal γδ T cells. EtOH-induced dysfunction in the latter population, which represents prototypical interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing dermal γδT17s, was made evident by diminished IL-17 production following anti-CD3 stimulation. Additionally, the capacity of lymph node γδ T cells to produce IL-17 following anti-CD3 and PMA/ionomycin stimulation was impaired by chronic EtOH feeding. CONCLUSIONS Chronic EtOH feeding induced defects in both numbers and function of multiple skin T cell subsets. The decreased density and poor responsiveness of DETCs and γδT17 cells in particular would be expected to compromise immune effector mechanisms necessary to maintain a protective barrier and restrict pathogen invasion. These findings demonstrate the sensitivity of skin T cells to EtOH and provide new mechanisms to help explain the propensity of alcoholics to suffer skin infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey P Parlet
- Department of Pathology and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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8
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Nakamura K, White AJ, Parnell SM, Lane PJ, Jenkinson EJ, Jenkinson WE, Anderson G. Differential requirement for CCR4 in the maintenance but not establishment of the invariant Vγ5(+) dendritic epidermal T-cell pool. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74019. [PMID: 24069263 PMCID: PMC3771977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymocytes expressing the invariant Vγ5 γδT-cell receptor represent progenitors of dendritic epidermal T-cells (DETC) that play an important immune surveillance role in the skin. In contrast to the bulk of αβT-cell development, Vγ5(+) DETC progenitor development occurs exclusively in fetal thymus. Whilst αβT-cell development is known to require chemokine receptor mediated migration through distinct thymus regions, culminating in medullary entry and thymic egress, the importance and control of intrathymic migration for DETC progenitors is unclear. We recently revealed a link between Vγ5(+) DETC progenitor development and medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire, a known regulator of thymic chemokine expression, demonstrating that normal Vγ5(+) DETC progenitor development requires regulated intramedullary positioning. Here we investigate the role of chemokines and their receptors during intrathymic Vγ5(+) DETC progenitor development and establishment of the DETC pool in the skin. We report that thymic medullary accumulation of Vγ5(+) DETC progenitors is a G-protein coupled receptor dependent process. However, this process occurs independently of Aire's influences on intrathymic chemokines, and in the absence of CCR4 and CCR7 expression by DETC progenitors. In contrast, analysis of epidermal γδT-cells at neonatal and adult stages in CCR4(-/-) mice reveals that reduced numbers of DETC in adult epidermis are not a consequence of diminished intrathymic embryonic development, nor deficiencies in initial epidermal seeding in the neonate. Collectively, our data reveal differences in the chemokine receptor requirements for intrathymic migration of αβ and invariant γδT-cells, and highlight a differential role for CCR4 in the maintenance, but not initial seeding, of DETC in the epidermis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Epidermal Cells
- Epidermis/immunology
- Epidermis/metabolism
- Lymphoid Progenitor Cells/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CCR4/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR7/genetics
- Receptors, CCR7/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- AIRE Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nakamura
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea J. White
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia M. Parnell
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Lane
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eric J. Jenkinson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - William E. Jenkinson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Anderson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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9
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Geherin SA, Lee MH, Wilson RP, Debes GF. Ovine skin-recirculating γδ T cells express IFN-γ and IL-17 and exit tissue independently of CCR7. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 155:87-97. [PMID: 23838472 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
γδ T cells continuously survey extralymphoid tissues, providing key effector functions during infection and inflammation. Despite their importance, the function and the molecules that drive migration of skin-recirculating γδ T cells are poorly described. Here we found that γδ T cells traveling in the skin-draining afferent lymph of sheep are effectors that produce IFN-γ or IL-17 and express high levels of the skin- and inflammation-seeking molecule E-selectin ligand. Consistent with a role for chemokine receptor CCR7 in mediating T cell exit from extralymphoid tissues, conventional CD4 and CD8T cells in skin-draining lymph were enriched in their expression of CCR7 compared to their skin-residing counterparts. In contrast, co-isolated γδ T cells in skin or lymph lacked expression of CCR7, indicating that they use alternative receptors for egress. Skin-draining γδ T cells were unresponsive to many cutaneous and inflammatory chemokines, including ligands for CCR2, CCR4, CCR5, CCR8, CCR10, and CXCR3, but showed selective chemotaxis toward the cutaneously expressed CCR6 ligand CCL20. Moreover, IL-17(+) γδ T cells were the most CCL20-responsive subset of γδ T cells. The data suggest that γδ T cells survey the skin and sites of inflammation and infection, entering via CCR6 and E-selectin ligand and leaving independent of the CCR7-CCL21 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye A Geherin
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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10
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Witherden DA, Havran WL. Cross-talk between intraepithelial γδ T cells and epithelial cells. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:69-76. [PMID: 23620015 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0213101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraepithelial γδ T cells play pivotal roles in homeostasis, tissue repair, inflammation, and protection from malignancy. In some tissues, γδ T cells are the only resident T cell population, whereas in others, they coexist with αβ T cells and other lymphocyte populations. γδ T cell function in the epithelium requires constant communication between cells in the form of cell-to-cell contacts and cell-to-matrix interactions. These interactions coordinate with the timely production of specific cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and glycosaminoglycans, which have specialized effects on neighboring epithelial cells. Antigens that activate these T cells are not well-defined, and they do not express classic costimulatory or coreceptor molecules. As such, an understanding of the mechanisms used by epithelial γδ T cells to maintain homeostasis and facilitate wound repair has necessitated the identification of novel molecular interactions between γδ T cells and their neighboring epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Witherden
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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