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Hjálmsdóttir Á, Hasler F, Waeckerle-Men Y, Duda A, López-Deber MP, Pihlgren M, Vukicevic M, Kündig TM, Johansen P. T cell independent antibody responses with class switch and memory using peptides anchored on liposomes. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:115. [PMID: 38909055 PMCID: PMC11193769 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00902-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccines generally require T lymphocytes for B-cell activation and immunoglobulin class switching in response to peptide or protein antigens. In the absence of T cells, limited IgG class switch takes place, germinal centers are short-lived, and the B cells lack memory. Here, immunization of mice with liposomes containing 15mer peptides and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) as adjuvant, induced T-cell independent (TI) IgG class switch within three days, as well as germinal center formation. The antibody responses were long-lived, strictly dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, partly dependent on Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) signal transmission, and independent of signaling through T-cell receptors, MHC class II and inflammasome. The antibody response showed characteristics of both TI type 1 and TI type 2. All IgG subclasses could be boosted months after primary immunization, and the biological function of the secreted antibodies was demonstrated in murine models of allergic anaphylaxis and of bacterial infection. Moreover, antibody responses after immunization with peptide- and MPLA-loaded liposomes could be triggered in neonatal mice and in mice receiving immune-suppressants. This study demonstrates T-cell independent endogenous B-cell memory and recall responses in vivo using a peptide antigen. The stimulation of these antibody responses required a correct and dense assembly and administration of peptide and adjuvant on the surface of liposomes. In the future, TI vaccines may prove beneficial in pathological conditions in which T-cell immunity is compromised through disease or medicines or when rapid, antibody-mediated immune protection is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Hasler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Agathe Duda
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Pihlgren
- AC Immune SA, EPFL Innovation Park EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas M Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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2
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Wu F, Du H, Overbey E, Kim J, Makhijani P, Martin N, Lerner CA, Nguyen K, Baechle J, Valentino TR, Fuentealba M, Bartleson JM, Halaweh H, Winer S, Meydan C, Garrett-Bakelman F, Sayed N, Melov S, Muratani M, Gerencser AA, Kasler HG, Beheshti A, Mason CE, Furman D, Winer DA. Single-cell analysis identifies conserved features of immune dysfunction in simulated microgravity and spaceflight. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4795. [PMID: 38862487 PMCID: PMC11166937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microgravity is associated with immunological dysfunction, though the mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, using single-cell analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to short term (25 hours) simulated microgravity, we characterize altered genes and pathways at basal and stimulated states with a Toll-like Receptor-7/8 agonist. We validate single-cell analysis by RNA sequencing and super-resolution microscopy, and against data from the Inspiration-4 (I4) mission, JAXA (Cell-Free Epigenome) mission, Twins study, and spleens from mice on the International Space Station. Overall, microgravity alters specific pathways for optimal immunity, including the cytoskeleton, interferon signaling, pyroptosis, temperature-shock, innate inflammation (e.g., Coronavirus pathogenesis pathway and IL-6 signaling), nuclear receptors, and sirtuin signaling. Microgravity directs monocyte inflammatory parameters, and impairs T cell and NK cell functionality. Using machine learning, we identify numerous compounds linking microgravity to immune cell transcription, and demonstrate that the flavonol, quercetin, can reverse most abnormal pathways. These results define immune cell alterations in microgravity, and provide opportunities for countermeasures to maintain normal immunity in space.
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Grants
- R01 MH117406 NIMH NIH HHS
- T32 AG000266 NIA NIH HHS
- This work was supported in part through funds derived from the Buck Institute for Research on Aging (D.A.W., D.F.), and the Huiying Memorial Foundation (D.A.W.). T.V. and J.B. are funded by a T32 NIH fellowship grant (NIA T32 AG000266). C.E.M. thanks the Scientific Computing Unit (SCU) at WCM, the WorldQuant Foundation, NASA (NNX14AH50G, NNX17AB26G, 80NSSC22K0254, NNH18ZTT001N-FG2, 80NSSC22K0254, NNX16AO69A), the National Institutes of Health (R01MH117406), and LLS (MCL7001-18, LLS 9238-16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Huixun Du
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Eliah Overbey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - JangKeun Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Priya Makhijani
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Nicolas Martin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Chad A Lerner
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Khiem Nguyen
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Jordan Baechle
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | | | | | - Heather Halaweh
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Shawn Winer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Francine Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Masafumi Muratani
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | | | | | - Afshin Beheshti
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94043, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- Stanford 1000 Immunomes Project, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Institute for Research in Translational Medicine, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel A Winer
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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3
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Tian X, Nanding K, Dai X, Wang Q, Wang J, Morigen, Fan L. Pattern recognition receptor mediated innate immune response requires a Rif-dependent pathway. J Autoimmun 2023; 134:102975. [PMID: 36527784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Small GTPases play critical roles in cell morphology, movement, and adhesion by dynamic regulation of actin cytoskeleton. The small Rho GTPase Rif/RhoF (Rho in filopodia) regulates the formation of filopodia and stress fibers in cells. Rif is highly expressed in a number of cell types in the immune system; however, it's role in immune system function is unclear. In this research, we found that Rif expression is necessary for NF-κB activation in primary immune cells, and mature dendritic cell (mature DCs) induced from Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells (BMDCs) isolated from Rif knock out (Rif KO) mice displayed impaired degradation of I-κBα, as well as reduced TNF-α secretion and p38 MAPK phosphorylation under LPS stimulation. Interestingly, we revealed that TLR agonists, such as LPS and poly (I:C), as well as bacterial virulence factor SopE could induce a transient increase in Rif activation in monocytes THP-1 cells. Furthermore, Rif was found to be an integral part of the TLR4, TLR3 and nodosome signaling complex. We further identified Src tyrosine kinases as upstream activator of Rif in both bacterial and viral induced immune responses. Moreover, activated Rif induces activation of transcription factors, such as NF-κB, AP-1 and IRF-3, and mediates inflammation through secretion of IL-6, IL-8 or TNFα. Rif activation by PRRs contributes in a variety of ways to protective host responses against invading microbes. Taken together, this study reveals that Rif is indispensable for both extracellular and intracellular pattern-recognition receptor-mediated innate immune responses. Rif possess broad anti-pathogenic effect and understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which this small Rho GTPase interferes with innate immune system will be beneficial to develop therapies against infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China; The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Kathleen Nanding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China
| | - Xueyao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China
| | - Junyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China
| | - Morigen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China.
| | - Lifei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, PR China.
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4
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Mastrogiovanni M, Vargas P, Rose T, Cuche C, Esposito E, Juzans M, Laude H, Schneider A, Bernard M, Goyard S, Renaudat C, Ungeheuer MN, Delon J, Alcover A, Di Bartolo V. The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli regulates T lymphocyte migration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5942. [PMID: 35417240 PMCID: PMC9007504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is a tumor suppressor whose mutations underlie familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and colorectal cancer. Although its role in intestinal epithelial cells is well characterized, APC importance in T cell biology is ill defined. APC regulates cytoskeleton organization, cell polarity, and migration in various cell types. Here, we address whether APC plays a role in T lymphocyte migration. Using a series of cell biology tools, we unveiled that T cells from FAP patients carrying APC mutations display impaired adhesion and motility in constrained environments. We further dissected the cellular mechanisms underpinning these defects in APC-depleted CEM T cell line that recapitulate the phenotype observed in FAP T cells. We found that APC affects T cell motility by modulating integrin-dependent adhesion and cytoskeleton reorganization. Hence, APC mutations in FAP patients not only drive intestinal neoplasms but also impair T cell migration, potentially contributing to inefficient antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mastrogiovanni
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pablo Vargas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Rose
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Céline Cuche
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Elric Esposito
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, UTechS BioImagerie Photonique, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Juzans
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Hélène Laude
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, ICAReB, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Amandine Schneider
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bernard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Goyard
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jérôme Delon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Andrés Alcover
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
- Corresponding author. (A.A.); (V.D.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Bartolo
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
- Corresponding author. (A.A.); (V.D.B.)
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5
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Barrow F, Khan S, Fredrickson G, Wang H, Dietsche K, Parthiban P, Robert S, Kaiser T, Winer S, Herman A, Adeyi O, Mouzaki M, Khoruts A, Hogquist KA, Staley C, Winer DA, Revelo XS. Microbiota-Driven Activation of Intrahepatic B Cells Aggravates NASH Through Innate and Adaptive Signaling. Hepatology 2021; 74:704-722. [PMID: 33609303 PMCID: PMC8377092 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is rapidly becoming the leading cause of liver failure and indication for liver transplantation. Hepatic inflammation is a key feature of NASH but the immune pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. B lymphocytes are cells of the adaptive immune system that are critical regulators of immune responses. However, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of NASH and the potential mechanisms leading to their activation in the liver are unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we report that NASH livers accumulate B cells with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and antigen-presentation ability. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing of intrahepatic B cells from mice with NASH unveiled a transcriptional landscape that reflects their pro-inflammatory function. Accordingly, B-cell deficiency ameliorated NASH progression, and adoptively transferring B cells from NASH livers recapitulates the disease. Mechanistically, B-cell activation during NASH involves signaling through the innate adaptor myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) as B cell-specific deletion of MyD88 reduced hepatic T cell-mediated inflammation and fibrosis, but not steatosis. In addition, activation of intrahepatic B cells implicates B cell-receptor signaling, delineating a synergy between innate and adaptive mechanisms of antigen recognition. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation of human NAFLD gut microbiotas into recipient mice promoted the progression of NASH by increasing the accumulation and activation of intrahepatic B cells, suggesting that gut microbial factors drive the pathogenic function of B cells during NASH. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that a gut microbiota-driven activation of intrahepatic B cells leads to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis during the progression of NASH through innate and adaptive immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanta Barrow
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Saad Khan
- Departments of Immunology and Laboratory Medicine & PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada.,Division of Cellular & Molecular BiologyToronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Gavin Fredrickson
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Haiguang Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Katrina Dietsche
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Preethy Parthiban
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Sacha Robert
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN
| | - Thomas Kaiser
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Shawn Winer
- Departments of Immunology and Laboratory Medicine & PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Adam Herman
- Minnesota Supercomputing InstituteUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Oyedele Adeyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | | | - Alexander Khoruts
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN.,Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Kristin A Hogquist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN.,Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | | | - Daniel A Winer
- Departments of Immunology and Laboratory Medicine & PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada.,Division of Cellular & Molecular BiologyToronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada.,Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCA
| | - Xavier S Revelo
- Department of Integrative Biology & PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN.,Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
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6
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Wang F, Luo Y, Zhang L, Younis M, Yuan L. Down-regulation of LncRNA 2900052N01Rik inhibits LPS-induced B cell function in vitro. Cell Immunol 2021; 363:104321. [PMID: 33773377 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
B cells play a crucial role in immune responses. The main functions include B cell protective antibody production, inflammation reduction, activation and proliferation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to act as important regulators of many pathological processes. However, few lncRNAs have been reported to affect B cell function. In this study, we explored the expression and role of lncRNA 2900052N01Rik (lnc-290) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced B cells purified from mouse spleens in vitro. Here, we confirmed that lnc-290 was highly expressed in B cells stimulated by LPS. Knockdown of lnc-290 inhibited the expression of CD69/CD86 and the growth of B cells. Moreover, down-regulated lnc-290 reduced B cell differentiation and immunoglobulin production in vitro. In addition, we found that lnc-290 regulated LPS-induced B cell activation via the NF-κB/ERK pathways. Interestingly, abnormal lnc-290 expression did not alter the B cell activation or proliferation induced by IL-4 or CD40/CD40L. Accordingly, these results indicated, for the first time, that lnc-290 down-regulation inhibits LPS-induced B cell proliferation, activation and differentiation by blocking the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway. Together, the in vitro data demonstrate that lnc-290 participated in the inflammation and tissue damage mediated by LPS-activated B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faming Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, # 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, # 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, # 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Muhammad Younis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, # 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Liudi Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, # 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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7
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Carrasco YR. Molecular cues involved in the regulation of B cell dynamics: Assistants of antigen hunting. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:1107-1113. [PMID: 32293062 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0220-276r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of a cell to migrate, adhere, and change its morphology is determinant in developing its functions; these capacities reach their maximum relevance in immune cells. For an efficient immune response, immune cells must localize in the right place at the right time; that implies crossing tissue barriers and migrating in the interstitial space of the tissues at high velocities. The dependency on trafficking abilities is even higher for B cells, one of the arms of the adaptive immune system, considering that they must encounter specific antigens for their clonal receptor in the enormous tissue volume of the secondary lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph nodes, Peyer patches). The regulated interplay between cell motility and cell adhesion allows B cells to reach distinct lymphoid tissues and, within them, to explore the stromal cell networks where antigen might be exposed. In this meeting-invited review, I summarize the current knowledge on the molecular cues and mechanisms that shapes B cell dynamics at the initial phase of the humoral immune response, including homeostatic chemoattractants and innate/inflammatory stimuli. I also revised the B cell behavior alterations caused by BCR recognition of antigen and the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda R Carrasco
- B Cell Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Darwin, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Toll-Like Receptor 3-TRIF Pathway Activation by Neospora caninum RNA Enhances Infection Control in Mice. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00739-18. [PMID: 30670552 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00739-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite closely related to Toxoplasma gondii and has been studied for causing neuromuscular disease in dogs and abortions in cattle. It is recognized as one of the main transmissible causes of reproductive failure in cattle and consequent economic losses to the sector. In that sense, this study aimed to evaluate the role of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-TRIF-dependent resistance against N. caninum infection in mice. We observed that TLR3-/- and TRIF-/- mice presented higher parasite burdens, increased inflammatory lesions, and reduced production of interleukin 12p40 (IL-12p40), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and nitric oxide (NO). Unlike those of T. gondii, N. caninum tachyzoites and RNA recruited TLR3 to the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) and translocated interferon response factor 3 (IRF3) to the nucleus. We also observed that N. caninum upregulated the expression of TRIF in murine macrophages, which in turn upregulated IFN-α and IFN-β in the presence of the parasite. Furthermore, TRIF-/- infected macrophages produced lower levels of IL-12p40, while exogenous IFN-α replacement was able to completely restore the production of this key cytokine. Our results show that the TLR3-TRIF signaling pathway enhances resistance against N. caninum infection in mice, since it improves Th1 immune responses that result in controlled parasitism and reduced tissue inflammation, which are hallmarks of the disease.
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9
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Lipid A Remodeling Is a Pathoadaptive Mechanism That Impacts Lipopolysaccharide Recognition and Intracellular Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Infect Immun 2018; 86:IAI.00360-18. [PMID: 30037795 PMCID: PMC6204721 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00360-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei causes the severe disease melioidosis. The bacterium subverts the host immune system and replicates inside cells, and host mortality results primarily from sepsis-related complications. Burkholderia pseudomallei causes the severe disease melioidosis. The bacterium subverts the host immune system and replicates inside cells, and host mortality results primarily from sepsis-related complications. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major virulence factor and mediator of sepsis that many pathogens capable of intracellular growth modify to reduce their immunological “footprint.” The binding strength of B. pseudomallei LPS for human LPS binding protein (hLBP) was measured using surface plasmon resonance. The structures of lipid A isolated from B. pseudomallei under different temperatures were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and the gene expression of two lipid A remodeling genes, lpxO and pagL, was investigated. The LPS was characterized for its ability to trigger tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release and to activate caspase-11-triggered pyroptosis by introduction of LPS into the cytosol. Lipid A from long-term chronic-infection isolates was isolated and characterized by MALDI-TOF MS and also by the ability to trigger caspase-11-mediated cell death. Lipid A from B. pseudomallei 1026b lpxO and pagL mutants were characterized by positive- and negative-mode MALDI-TOF MS to ultimately identify their role in lipid A structural modifications. Replication of lpxO and pagL mutants and their complements within macrophages showed that lipid A remodeling can effect growth in host cells and activation of caspase-11-mediated cytotoxicity.
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10
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Del Valle Batalla F, Lennon-Dumenil AM, Yuseff MI. Tuning B cell responses to antigens by cell polarity and membrane trafficking. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:140-145. [PMID: 29935436 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of B lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies, particularly broadly neutralizing antibodies that provide immunity to viral pathogens has positioned them as valuable therapeutic targets for immunomodulation. To become competent as antibody secreting cells, B cells undergo a series of activation steps, which are triggered by the recognition of antigens frequently displayed on the surface of other presenting cells. Such antigens elicit the formation of an immune synapse (IS), where local cytoskeleton rearrangements coupled to mechanical forces and membrane trafficking orchestrate the extraction and processing of antigens in B cells. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate polarized membrane trafficking and mechanical properties of the immune synapse, as well as the potential extracellular cues from the environment, which may impact the ability of B cells to sense and acquire antigens at the immune synapse. An integrated view of the diverse cellular mechanisms that shape the immune synapse will provide a better understanding on how B cells are efficiently activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Del Valle Batalla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | | | - María-Isabel Yuseff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile.
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11
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LPS-mediated cell surface expression of CD74 promotes the proliferation of B cells in response to MIF. Cell Signal 2018; 46:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Robinet M, Villeret B, Maillard S, Cron MA, Berrih-Aknin S, Le Panse R. Use of Toll-Like Receptor Agonists to Induce Ectopic Lymphoid Structures in Myasthenia Gravis Mouse Models. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1029. [PMID: 28970832 PMCID: PMC5609563 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the neuromuscular junction. MG symptoms are characterized by muscle weaknesses. The thymus of MG patients is very often abnormal and possesses all the characteristics of tertiary lymphoid organs such as neoangiogenesis processes, overexpression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and infiltration of B lymphocytes leading to ectopic germinal center (GC) development. We previously demonstrated that injections of mice with polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)], a synthetic double-stranded RNA mimicking viral infection, induce thymic changes and trigger MG symptoms. Upon Poly(I:C) injections, we observed increased thymic expressions of α-AChR, interferon-β and chemokines such as CXCL13 and CCL21 leading to B-cell recruitment. However, these changes were only transient. In order to develop an experimental MG model associated with thymic GCs, we used Poly(I:C) in the classical experimental autoimmune MG model induced by immunizations with purified AChR emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. We observed that Poly(I:C) strongly favored the development of MG as almost all mice displayed MG symptoms. Nevertheless, we did not observe any ectopic GC development. We next challenged mice with Poly(I:C) together with other toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists known to be involved in GC development and that are overexpressed in MG thymuses. Imiquimod and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides that activate TLR7 and TLR9, respectively, did not induce thymic changes. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide that activates TLR4 potentiated Poly(I:C) effects and induced a significant expression of CXCL13 mRNA in the thymus associated with a higher recruitment of B cells that induced over time thymic B-lymphoid structures. Altogether, these data suggest that tertiary lymphoid genesis in MG thymus could result from a combined activation of TLR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Robinet
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Villeret
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
| | - Solène Maillard
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie A Cron
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Berrih-Aknin
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
| | - Rozen Le Panse
- INSERM U974, Paris, France.,UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,AIM, Institut de myologie, Paris, France
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13
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Abstract
Bacterial ghosts (BG) are empty cell envelopes derived from Gram-negative bacteria. They contain many innate immunostimulatory agonists, and are potent activators of a broad range of cell types involved in innate and adaptive immunity. Several considerable studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of BG as adjuvants as well as their ability to induce proinflammatory cytokine production by a range of immune and non-immune cell types. These proinflammatory cytokines trigger a generalized recruitment of T and B lymphocytes to lymph nodes that maximize the chances of encounter with their cognate antigen, and subsequent elicitation of potent immune responses. The plasticity of BG has allowed for the generation of envelope-bound foreign antigens in immunologically active forms that have proven to be effective vaccines in animal models. Besides their adjuvant property, BG also effectively deliver DNA-encoded antigens to dendritic cells, thereby leading to high transfection efficiencies, which subsequently result in higher gene expressions and improved immunogenicity of DNA-based vaccines. In this review, we summarize our understanding of BG interactions with the host immune system, their exploitation as an adjuvant and a delivery system, and address important areas of future research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad A Hajam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Pervaiz A Dar
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Gayeon Won
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
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14
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The Role of TLR4 on B Cell Activation and Anti- β2GPI Antibody Production in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:1719720. [PMID: 27868072 PMCID: PMC5102736 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1719720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High titer of anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-β2GPI Ab) plays a pathogenic role in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Numerous studies have focused on the pathological mechanism in APS; however, little attention is paid to the immune mechanism of production of anti-β2GPI antibodies in APS. Our previous study demonstrated that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a vital role in the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from the mice immunized with human β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI). TLR4 is required for the activation of B cells and the production of autoantibody in mice treated with β2GPI. However, TLR4 provides a third signal for B cell activation and then promotes B cells better receiving signals from both B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and CD40, thus promoting B cell activation, surface molecules expression, anti-β2GPI Ab production, and cytokines secretion and making B cell functioning like an antigen presenting cell (APC). At the same time, TLR4 also promotes B cells producing antibodies by upregulating the expression of B-cell activating factor (BAFF). In this paper, we aim to review the functions of TLR4 in B cell immune response and antibody production in autoimmune disease APS and try to find a new way for the prevention and treatment of APS.
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15
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Cheng S, He C, Zhou H, Kong X, Xie H, Xia L, Yan J. The effect of Toll-like receptor 4 on β 2 -glycoprotein I-induced B cell activation in mouse model. Mol Immunol 2016; 71:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Walliser C, Tron K, Clauss K, Gutman O, Kobitski AY, Retlich M, Schade A, Röcker C, Henis YI, Nienhaus GU, Gierschik P. Rac-mediated Stimulation of Phospholipase Cγ2 Amplifies B Cell Receptor-induced Calcium Signaling. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:17056-72. [PMID: 25903139 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.645739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPase Rac is crucially involved in controlling multiple B cell functions, including those regulated by the B cell receptor (BCR) through increased cytosolic Ca(2+). The underlying molecular mechanisms and their relevance to the functions of intact B cells have thus far remained unknown. We have previously shown that the activity of phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2), a key constituent of the BCR signalosome, is stimulated by activated Rac through direct protein-protein interaction. Here, we use a Rac-resistant mutant of PLCγ2 to functionally reconstitute cultured PLCγ2-deficient DT40 B cells and to examine the effects of the Rac-PLCγ2 interaction on BCR-mediated changes of intracellular Ca(2+) and regulation of Ca(2+)-regulated and nuclear-factor-of-activated-T-cell-regulated gene transcription at the level of single, intact B cells. The results show that the functional Rac-PLCγ2 interaction causes marked increases in the following: (i) sensitivity of B cells to BCR ligation; (ii) BCR-mediated Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores; (iii) Ca(2+) entry from the extracellular compartment; and (iv) nuclear translocation of the Ca(2+)-regulated nuclear factor of activated T cells. Hence, Rac-mediated stimulation of PLCγ2 activity serves to amplify B cell receptor-induced Ca(2+) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Walliser
- From the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kyrylo Tron
- the Institute of Biophysics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Karen Clauss
- the Institute of Biophysics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Orit Gutman
- the Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Andrei Yu Kobitski
- the Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Retlich
- From the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Schade
- From the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carlheinz Röcker
- the Institute of Biophysics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Yoav I Henis
- the Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- the Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, the Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany, and the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Peter Gierschik
- From the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany,
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17
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Abstract
Numerous reports have described Toll-like receptor (TLR) functions in myeloid cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, but relatively fewer studies have examined TLR responses in B lymphocytes. B cells express a wide variety of TLRs and are highly activated after TLR ligation, leading to enhancements in B cell survival, surface molecule expression, cytokine and antibody production, and antigen presentation. During an immune response, B cells can receive signals through TLRs as well as the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and/or CD40. TLR ligation synergizes with signals through these receptors and augments both innate and adaptive immune functions of B lymphocytes. Additionally, targeting B cell TLRs may provide new therapies against certain types of cancer as well as autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarize TLR expression and contributions to both normal and pathogenic functions in mouse and human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Buchta
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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18
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Freeman SA, Jaumouillé V, Choi K, Hsu BE, Wong HS, Abraham L, Graves ML, Coombs D, Roskelley CD, Das R, Grinstein S, Gold MR. Toll-like receptor ligands sensitize B-cell receptor signalling by reducing actin-dependent spatial confinement of the receptor. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6168. [PMID: 25644899 PMCID: PMC4327415 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrating signals from multiple receptors allows cells to interpret the physiological context in which a signal is received. Here we describe a mechanism for receptor crosstalk in which receptor-induced increases in actin dynamics lower the threshold for signalling by another receptor. We show that the Toll-like receptor ligands lipopolysaccharide and CpG DNA, which are conserved microbial molecules, enhance signalling by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) by activating the actin-severing protein cofilin. Single-particle tracking reveals that increased severing of actin filaments reduces the spatial confinement of the BCR within the plasma membrane and increases BCR mobility. This allows more frequent collisions between BCRs and greater signalling in response to low densities of membrane-bound antigen. These findings implicate actin dynamics as a means of tuning receptor signalling and as a mechanism by which B cells distinguish inert antigens from those that are accompanied by indicators of microbial infection. Microbial pathogens can activate both innate and adaptive receptors, and integration of these signals may enhance the sensitivity of the immune response. Freeman et al. show that innate microbial cues sensitize B cells to antigen by increasing actin dynamics and reducing the actin-dependent confinement of the B-cell receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer A Freeman
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Department of Cellular &Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [3] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [4] Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Kids Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4
| | - Valentin Jaumouillé
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Kids Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4
| | - Kate Choi
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Brian E Hsu
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Harikesh S Wong
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Kids Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4
| | - Libin Abraham
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [3] Department of Mathematics and Institute of Applied Mathematics, 1984 Mathematics Road, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z2
| | - Marcia L Graves
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Department of Cellular &Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [3] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Daniel Coombs
- Department of Mathematics and Institute of Applied Mathematics, 1984 Mathematics Road, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z2
| | - Calvin D Roskelley
- 1] Department of Cellular &Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Raibatak Das
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, 1151 Arapahoe, Denver, Colorado 80204, USA
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Kids Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4
| | - Michael R Gold
- 1] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Life Sciences Institute I3 and Cell Research Groups, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
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19
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Vernekar VN, Wallace CS, Wu M, Chao JT, O'Connor SK, Raleigh A, Liu X, Haugh JM, Reichert WM. Bi-ligand surfaces with oriented and patterned protein for real-time tracking of cell migration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:225-35. [PMID: 25262410 PMCID: PMC4259856 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A bioactive platform for the quantitative observation of cell migration is presented by (1) presenting migration factors in a well-defined manner on 2-D substrates, and (2) enabling continuous cell tracking. Well-defined substrate presentation is achieved by correctly orienting immobilized proteins (chemokines and cell adhesion molecules), such that the active site is accessible to cell surface receptors. A thiol-terminated self-assembled monolayer on a silica slide was used as a base substrate for subsequent chemistry. The thiol-terminated surface was converted to an immobilized metal ion surface using a maleimido-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) cross-linker that bound Histidine-tagged recombinant proteins on the surface with uniform distribution and specific orientation. This platform was used to study the influence of surface-immobilized chemokine SDF-1α and cell adhesion molecule ICAM-1 on murine splenic B lymphocyte migration. While soluble SDF-1α induced trans-migration in a Boyden Chamber type chemotaxis assay, immobilized SDF-1α alone did not elicit significant surface-migration on our test-platform surface. Surface-immobilized cell adhesion protein, ICAM-1, in conjunction with activation enabled migration of this cell type on our surface. Controlled exposure to UV light was used to produce stable linear gradients of His-tagged recombinant SDF-1α co-immobilized with ICAM-1 following our surface chemistry approach. XPS and antibody staining showed defined gradients of outwardly oriented SDF-1α active sites. This test platform can be especially valuable for investigators interested in studying the influence of surface-immobilized factors on cell behavior and may also be used as a cell migration enabling platform for testing the effects of various diffusible agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varadraj N Vernekar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Charles S Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Mina Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Joshua T Chao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Shannon K O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Aimee Raleigh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Xiaji Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Jason M Haugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - William M Reichert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States.
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20
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Lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1)-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) interaction and autophagy in CATH.a differentiated cells exposed to angiotensin II. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:623-32. [PMID: 24902807 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in innate immune response. Expression of TLRs has also been linked to autophagy. As the main receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on the cell surface, lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) is upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines and has been linked to the development of autophagy. However, the relationship between LOX-1, autophagy, and TLR4 in neurons has not been defined. Here, we show that Angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment of CATH.a differentiated neuronal cells resulted in the expression of TLR4 (and associated signals MyD88 and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon (TRIF)), LOX-1 autophagy. LOX-1 knockdown (transfection with specific small interfering RNA (siRNA)) resulted in reduced expression of TLR4 (and associated signals MyD88 and TRIF) and P-P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and autophagy. TLR4 knockdown with siRNA resulted in reduced LOX-1 expression and autophagy, indicating a positive feedback between LOX-1 and TLR4. Knockdown of TRIF as well as MyD88 or inhibition of P38 MAPK also inhibited the expression of LOX-1 and TLR4 and autophagy. Importantly, pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (autophagy inhibitor) enhanced while rapamycin (autophagy inducer) decreased the expression of LOX-1, TLR4, and P-P38 MAPK. These studies suggest the presence of a bidirectional link between LOX-1and TLR4 in cultured CATH.a differentiated cells exposed to Ang II with an important role for autophagy in this link.
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21
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Singh AR, Peirce SK, Joshi S, Durden DL. PTEN and PI-3 kinase inhibitors control LPS signaling and the lymphoproliferative response in the CD19+ B cell compartment. Exp Cell Res 2014; 327:78-90. [PMID: 24881819 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), e.g. toll receptors (TLRs) that bind ligands within the microbiome have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. LPS is a ligand for two TLR family members, TLR4 and RP105 which mediate LPS signaling in B cell proliferation and migration. Although LPS/TLR/RP105 signaling is well-studied; our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling these PRR signaling pathways remains incomplete. Previous studies have demonstrated a role for PTEN/PI-3K signaling in B cell selection and survival, however a role for PTEN/PI-3K in TLR4/RP105/LPS signaling in the B cell compartment has not been reported. Herein, we crossed a CD19cre and PTEN(fl/fl) mouse to generate a conditional PTEN knockout mouse in the CD19+ B cell compartment. These mice were further crossed with an IL-14α transgenic mouse to study the combined effect of PTEN deletion, PI-3K inhibition and expression of IL-14α (a cytokine originally identified as a B cell growth factor) in CD19+ B cell lymphoproliferation and response to LPS stimulation. Targeted deletion of PTEN and directed expression of IL-14α in the CD19+ B cell compartment (IL-14+PTEN-/-) lead to marked splenomegaly and altered spleen morphology at baseline due to expansion of marginal zone B cells, a phenotype that was exaggerated by treatment with the B cell mitogen and TLR4/RP105 ligand, LPS. Moreover, LPS stimulation of CD19+ cells isolated from these mice display increased proliferation, augmented AKT and NFκB activation as well as increased expression of c-myc and cyclinD1. Interestingly, treatment of LPS treated IL-14+PTEN-/- mice with a pan PI-3K inhibitor, SF1126, reduced splenomegaly, cell proliferation, c-myc and cyclin D1 expression in the CD19+ B cell compartment and normalized the splenic histopathologic architecture. These findings provide the direct evidence that PTEN and PI-3K inhibitors control TLR4/RP105/LPS signaling in the CD19+ B cell compartment and that pan PI-3 kinase inhibitors reverse the lymphoproliferative phenotype in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok R Singh
- UCSD Department of Pediatrics, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan K Peirce
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shweta Joshi
- UCSD Department of Pediatrics, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Donald L Durden
- UCSD Department of Pediatrics, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, UCSD Rady Children׳s Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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