1
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Sun SW, Qi C, Xiong XZ. Challenges of COPD Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121484. [PMID: 36558818 PMCID: PMC9788471 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe systemic infection that is a major threat to healthcare systems worldwide. According to studies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with COVID-19 usually have a high risk of developing severe symptoms and fatality, but limited research has addressed the poor condition of COPD patients during the pandemic. This review focuses on the underlying risk factors including innate immune dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression, smoking status, precocious differentiation of T lymphocytes and immunosenescence in COPD patients which might account for their poor outcomes during the COVID-19 crisis. Furthermore, we highlight the role of aging of the immune system, which may be the culprit of COVID-19. In brief, we list the challenges of COPD patients in this national pandemic, aiming to provide immune-related considerations to support critical processes in COPD patients during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and inspire immune therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wen Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +027-85726705
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2
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Shibata K, Motozono C, Nagae M, Shimizu T, Ishikawa E, Motooka D, Okuzaki D, Izumi Y, Takahashi M, Fujimori N, Wing JB, Hayano T, Asai Y, Bamba T, Ogawa Y, Furutani-Seiki M, Shirai M, Yamasaki S. Symbiotic bacteria-dependent expansion of MR1-reactive T cells causes autoimmunity in the absence of Bcl11b. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6948. [PMID: 36376329 PMCID: PMC9663695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1) is a metabolite-presenting molecule that restricts MR1-reactive T cells including mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. In contrast to MAIT cells, the function of other MR1-restricted T cell subsets is largely unknown. Here, we report that mice in which a T cell-specific transcription factor, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B (Bcl11b), was ablated in immature thymocytes (Bcl11b∆iThy mice) develop chronic inflammation. Bcl11b∆iThy mice lack conventional T cells and MAIT cells, whereas CD4+IL-18R+ αβ T cells expressing skewed Traj33 (Jα33)+ T cell receptors (TCR) accumulate in the periphery, which are necessary and sufficient for the pathogenesis. The disorders observed in Bcl11b∆iThy mice are ameliorated by MR1-deficiency, transfer of conventional T cells, or germ-free conditions. We further show the crystal structure of the TCR expressed by Traj33+ T cells expanded in Bcl11b∆iThy mice. Overall, we establish that MR1-reactive T cells have pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Shibata
- grid.268397.10000 0001 0660 7960Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505 Japan ,grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Chihiro Motozono
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0871 Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Nao Fujimori
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - James B. Wing
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Immunology), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takahide Hayano
- grid.268397.10000 0001 0660 7960Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Asai
- grid.268397.10000 0001 0660 7960Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505 Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.419082.60000 0004 1754 9200Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo, 100-0004 Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Makoto Furutani-Seiki
- grid.268397.10000 0001 0660 7960Systems Biochemistry in Pathology and Regeneration, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505 Japan
| | - Mutsunori Shirai
- grid.268397.10000 0001 0660 7960Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505 Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Division of Molecular Design, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8673 Japan
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3
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Generation of highly proliferative rejuvenated cytotoxic T cell clones through pluripotency reprogramming for adoptive immunotherapy. Mol Ther 2021; 29:3027-3041. [PMID: 34023508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful approach to cure cancer and chronic infections. Currently, the generation of a massive number of T cells that provide long-lasting immunity is challenged by exhaustion and differentiation-associated senescence, which inevitably arise during in vitro cloning and expansion. To circumvent these problems, several studies have proposed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-mediated rejuvenation strategy to revitalize the exhausted/senescent T-cell clones. Because iPSC-derived cytotoxic T lymphocytes (iPSC-CTLs) generated via commonly used monolayer systems have unfavorable innate-like features such as aberrant natural killer (NK) activity and limited replication potential, we modified the redifferentiation culture to generate CD8αβ+CD5+CCR7+CD45RA+CD56- adaptive iPSC-CTLs. The modified iPSC-CTLs exhibited early memory phenotype, including high replicative capacity and the ability to give rise to potent effector cells. In expansion culture with an optimized cytokine cocktail, iPSC-CTLs proliferated more than 1015-fold in a feeder-free condition. Our redifferentiation and expansion package of early memory iPSC-CTLs could supply memory and effector T cells for both autologous and allogeneic immunotherapies.
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4
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Prasad M, Wojciech L, Brzostek J, Hu J, Chua YL, Tung DWH, Yap J, Rybakin V, Gascoigne NRJ. Expansion of an Unusual Virtual Memory CD8 + Subpopulation Bearing Vα3.2 TCR in Themis-Deficient Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:644483. [PMID: 33897691 PMCID: PMC8058184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.644483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the gene for Themis affects T cell selection in the thymus, which would be expected to affect the TCR repertoire. We found an increased proportion of cells expressing Vα3.2 (TRAV9N-3) in the peripheral CD8+ T cell population in mice with germline Themis deficiency. Analysis of the TCRα repertoire indicated it was generally reduced in diversity in the absence of Themis, whereas the diversity of sequences using the TRAV9N-3 V-region element was increased. In wild type mice, Vα3.2+ cells showed higher CD5, CD6 and CD44 expression than non-Vα3-expressing cells, and this was more marked in cells from Themis-deficient mice. This suggested a virtual memory phenotype, as well as a stronger response to self-pMHC. The Vα3.2+ cells responded more strongly to IL-15, as well as showing bystander effector capability in a Listeria infection. Thus, the unusually large population of Vα3.2+ CD8+ T cells found in the periphery of Themis-deficient mice reflects not only altered thymic selection, but also allowed identification of a subset of bystander-competent cells that are also present in wild-type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Prasad
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lukasz Wojciech
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanna Brzostek
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jianfang Hu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yen Leong Chua
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Desmond Wai Hon Tung
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiawei Yap
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vasily Rybakin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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5
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Decrease of IL-5 Production by Naive T Cells Cocultured with IL-18-Producing BCG-Pulsed Dendritic Cells from Patients Allergic to House Dust Mite. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030277. [PMID: 33803752 PMCID: PMC8003153 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The only currently available anti-tuberculosis vaccine, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), has been reported to also protect against unrelated diseases, including inflammatory diseases such as allergic asthma. Recombinant BCG strains that produce IL-18 have been shown to enhance Th1 responses over non-recombinant BCG and to reduce IL-5 production and bronchoalveolar eosinophilia in mice. However, their ability to decrease the immune polarization of human Th2 cells is not known. Here, we show that BCG and recombinant BCG producing human IL-18 (rBCG-hIL-18) induced the maturation of Der p 1-stimulated monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MD-DCs) from healthy controls and from patients allergic to house dust mites. After incubation with mycobacteria and Der p 1, MD-DCs produced significantly more IL-23 and IP-10 but had no effect on IL-12p70 or IL-10 production compared to Der p 1-pulsed MD-DCs in the absence of mycobacteria. In the presence of Der p 1, BCG- and rBCG-hIL-18-pulsed MD-DCs cocultured with naive, but not with memory T cells from allergic patients, resulted in a decrease in IL-5 production compared to non-pulsed MD-DCs cultured in the presence of Der p 1. BCG, and especially rBCG-hIL-18, may thus be potential therapeutic tools to reduce exacerbated Th2 responses in patients with allergic asthma.
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6
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Marton C, Mercier-Letondal P, Galaine J, Godet Y. An unmet need: Harmonization of IL-7 and IL-15 combination for the ex vivo generation of minimally differentiated T cells. Cell Immunol 2021; 363:104314. [PMID: 33677140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
T cell-based adoptive cell transfer therapy is now clinically used to fight cancer with CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells. The use of other T cell-based immunotherapies relying on antigen-specific T cells, genetically modified or not, is expanding in various neoplastic diseases. T cell manufacturing has evolved through sophisticated processes to produce T cells with improved therapeutic potential. Clinical-grade manufacturing processes associated with these therapies must meet pharmaceutical requirements and therefore be standardized. Here, we focus on the use of cytokines to expand minimally differentiated T cells, as well as their standardization and harmonization in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystel Marton
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Patricia Mercier-Letondal
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jeanne Galaine
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Yann Godet
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000 Besançon, France.
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7
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Mechanism by which TRAF6 Participates in the Immune Regulation of Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4607197. [PMID: 33294443 PMCID: PMC7714562 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4607197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a signal transduction molecule shared by the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)/Toll-like receptor (TLR) family and the TNFR superfamily. TRAF6 has a unique TRAF domain and RING finger domain that mediate intracellular signaling events. In the immune system, TRAF6-mediated signaling has been shown to be critical for the development, homeostasis, and activation of a variety of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Although the pathogenesis and etiology of autoimmune diseases and cancer are not fully understood, it is worth noting that existing studies have shown that TRAF6 is involved in the pathogenesis and development of a variety of these diseases. Herein, we reviewed the role of TRAF6 in certain immune cells, as well as the function and potential effect of TRAF6 in autoimmune diseases and cancer. Our review indicates that TRAF6 may be a novel target for autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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8
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T cell receptor and cytokine signal integration in CD8+ T cells is mediated by the protein Themis. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:186-198. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Raud B, McGuire PJ, Jones RG, Sparwasser T, Berod L. Fatty acid metabolism in CD8 + T cell memory: Challenging current concepts. Immunol Rev 2019; 283:213-231. [PMID: 29664569 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are key members of the adaptive immune response against infections and cancer. As we discuss in this review, these cells can present diverse metabolic requirements, which have been intensely studied during the past few years. Our current understanding suggests that aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of activated CD8+ T cells, while naive and memory (Tmem ) cells often rely on oxidative phosphorylation, and thus mitochondrial metabolism is a crucial determinant of CD8+ Tmem cell development. Moreover, it has been proposed that CD8+ Tmem cells have a specific requirement for the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LC-FAO), a process modulated in lymphocytes by the enzyme CPT1A. However, this notion relies heavily on the metabolic analysis of in vitro cultures and on chemical inhibition of CPT1A. Therefore, we introduce more recent studies using genetic models to demonstrate that CPT1A-mediated LC-FAO is dispensable for the development of CD8+ T cell memory and protective immunity, and question the use of chemical inhibitors to target this enzyme. We discuss insights obtained from those and other studies analyzing the metabolic characteristics of CD8+ Tmem cells, and emphasize how T cells exhibit flexibility in their choice of metabolic fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Raud
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter J McGuire
- Metabolism, Infection, and Immunity Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Physiology, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Luciana Berod
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
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10
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Berendam SJ, Koeppel AF, Godfrey NR, Rouhani SJ, Woods AN, Rodriguez AB, Peske JD, Cummings KL, Turner SD, Engelhard VH. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies a Range of Immunologically Related Functional Elaborations of Lymph Node Associated Lymphatic and Blood Endothelial Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:816. [PMID: 31057546 PMCID: PMC6478037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic and blood vessels are formed by specialized lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) and blood endothelial cells (BEC), respectively. These endothelial populations not only form peripheral tissue vessels, but also critical supporting structures in secondary lymphoid organs, particularly the lymph node (LN). Lymph node LEC (LN-LEC) also have been shown to have important immunological functions that are not observed in LEC from tissue lymphatics. LN-LEC can maintain peripheral tolerance through direct presentation of self-antigen via MHC-I, leading to CD8 T cell deletion; and through transfer of self-antigen to dendritic cells for presentation via MHC-II, resulting in CD4 T cell anergy. LN-LEC also can capture and archive foreign antigens, transferring them to dendritic cells for maintenance of memory CD8 T cells. The molecular basis for these functional elaborations in LN-LEC remain largely unexplored, and it is also unclear whether blood endothelial cells in LN (LN-BEC) might express similar enhanced immunologic functionality. Here, we used RNA-Seq to compare the transcriptomic profiles of freshly isolated murine LEC and BEC from LN with one another and with freshly isolated LEC from the periphery (diaphragm). We show that LN-LEC, LN-BEC, and diaphragm LEC (D-LEC) are transcriptionally distinct from one another, demonstrating both lineage and tissue-specific functional specializations. Surprisingly, tissue microenvironment differences in gene expression profiles were more numerous than those determined by endothelial cell lineage specification. In this regard, both LN-localized endothelial cell populations show a variety of functional elaborations that suggest how they may function as antigen presenting cells, and also point to as yet unexplored roles in both positive and negative regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The present work has defined in depth gene expression differences that point to functional specializations of endothelial cell populations in different anatomical locations, but especially the LN. Beyond the analyses provided here, these data are a resource for future work to uncover mechanisms of endothelial cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella J. Berendam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Alexander F. Koeppel
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Bioinformatics Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Nicole R. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sherin J. Rouhani
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Amber N. Woods
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Anthony B. Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - J. David Peske
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kara L. Cummings
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Stephen D. Turner
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Bioinformatics Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Victor H. Engelhard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Victor H. Engelhard
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11
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Wallner FK, Hultqvist Hopkins M, Lindvall T, Olofsson P, Tilevik A. Cytokine correlation analysis based on drug perturbation. Cytokine 2017; 90:73-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Goplen NP, Saxena V, Knudson KM, Schrum AG, Gil D, Daniels MA, Zamoyska R, Teixeiro E. IL-12 Signals through the TCR To Support CD8 Innate Immune Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2434-43. [PMID: 27521342 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CD8 T cells must integrate antigenic and inflammatory signals to differentiate into efficient effector and memory T cells able to protect us from infections. The mechanisms by which TCR signaling and proinflammatory cytokine receptor signaling cooperate in these processes are poorly defined. In this study, we show that IL-12 and other proinflammatory cytokines transduce signals through the TCR signalosome in a manner that requires Fyn activity and self-peptide-MHC (self-pMHC) interactions. This mechanism is crucial for CD8 innate T cell functions. Loss of Fyn activity or blockade of self-pMHC interactions severely impaired CD8 T cell IFN-γ and NKG2D expression, proliferation, and cytotoxicity upon cytokine-mediated bystander activation. Most importantly, in the absence of self-pMHC interactions, CD8 memory T cells fail to undergo bystander activation upon an unrelated infection. Thus, CD8 T cell bystander activation, although independent of cognate Ag, still requires self-pMHC and TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Goplen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Karin M Knudson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Adam G Schrum
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905; and
| | - Diana Gil
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905; and
| | - Mark A Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212;
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13
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Walsh MC, Lee J, Choi Y. Tumor necrosis factor receptor- associated factor 6 (TRAF6) regulation of development, function, and homeostasis of the immune system. Immunol Rev 2016; 266:72-92. [PMID: 26085208 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an adapter protein that mediates a wide array of protein-protein interactions via its TRAF domain and a RING finger domain that possesses non-conventional E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. First identified nearly two decades ago as a mediator of interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-mediated activation of NFκB, TRAF6 has since been identified as an actor downstream of multiple receptor families with immunoregulatory functions, including members of the TNFR superfamily, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, tumor growth factor-β receptors (TGFβR), and T-cell receptor (TCR). In addition to NFκB, TRAF6 may also direct activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and interferon regulatory factor pathways. In the context of the immune system, TRAF6-mediated signals have proven critical for the development, homeostasis, and/or activation of B cells, T cells, and myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts, as well as for organogenesis of thymic and secondary lymphoid tissues. In multiple cellular contexts, TRAF6 function is essential not only for proper activation of the immune system but also for maintaining immune tolerance, and more recent work has begun to identify mechanisms of contextual specificity for TRAF6, involving both regulatory protein interactions, and messenger RNA regulation by microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Walsh
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - JangEun Lee
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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Interleukin-7 is required for CD4(+) T cell activation and autoimmune neuroinflammation. Clin Immunol 2015; 161:260-9. [PMID: 26319414 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IL-7 is known to be vital for T cell homeostasis but has previously been presumed to be dispensable for TCR-induced activation. Here, we show that IL-7 is critical for the initial activation of CD4(+) T cells in that it provides some of the necessary early signaling components, such as activated STAT5 and Akt. Accordingly, short-term in vivo IL-7Rα blockade inhibited the activation and expansion of autoantigen-specific CD4(+) T cells and, when used to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), prevented and ameliorated disease. Our studies demonstrate that IL-7 signaling is a prerequisite for optimal CD4(+) T cell activation and that IL-7R antagonism may be effective in treating CD4(+) T cell-mediated neuroinflammation and other autoimmune inflammatory conditions.
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15
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Gandhapudi SK, Tan C, Marino JH, Taylor AA, Pack CC, Gaikwad J, Van De Wiele CJ, Wren JD, Teague TK. IL-18 acts in synergy with IL-7 to promote ex vivo expansion of T lymphoid progenitor cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3820-8. [PMID: 25780034 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although IL-18 has not previously been shown to promote T lymphopoiesis, results obtained via a novel data mining algorithm (global microarray meta-analysis) led us to explore a predicted role for this cytokine in T cell development. IL-18 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family that has been extensively characterized as a mediator of inflammatory immune responses. To assess a potential role for IL-18 in T cell development, we sort-purified mouse bone marrow-derived common lymphoid progenitor cells, early thymic progenitors (ETPs), and double-negative 2 thymocytes and cultured these populations on OP9-Delta-like 4 stromal layers in the presence or absence of IL-18 and/or IL-7. After 1 wk of culture, IL-18 promoted proliferation and accelerated differentiation of ETPs to the double-negative 3 stage, similar in efficiency to IL-7. IL-18 showed synergy with IL-7 and enhanced proliferation of both the thymus-derived progenitor cells and the bone marrow-derived common lymphoid progenitor cells. The synergistic effect on the ETP population was further characterized and found to correlate with increased surface expression of c-Kit and IL-7 receptors on the IL-18-treated cells. In summary, we successfully validated the global microarray meta-analysis prediction that IL-18 affects T lymphopoiesis and demonstrated that IL-18 can positively impact bone marrow lymphopoiesis and T cell development, presumably via interaction with the c-Kit and IL-7 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva K Gandhapudi
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104
| | - Chibing Tan
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104
| | - Julie H Marino
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104
| | - Ashlee A Taylor
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104
| | - Christopher C Pack
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104
| | - Joel Gaikwad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oral Roberts University, Tulsa, OK 74171
| | - C Justin Van De Wiele
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK 74135
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104;
| | - T Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK 74135; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for the Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107
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16
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So T, Nagashima H, Ishii N. TNF Receptor-Associated Factor (TRAF) Signaling Network in CD4 + T-Lymphocytes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 236:139-54. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.236.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori So
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyuki Nagashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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