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Herrera-Uribe J, Lim KS, Byrne KA, Daharsh L, Liu H, Corbett RJ, Marco G, Schroyen M, Koltes JE, Loving CL, Tuggle CK. Integrative profiling of gene expression and chromatin accessibility elucidates specific transcriptional networks in porcine neutrophils. Front Genet 2023; 14:1107462. [PMID: 37287538 PMCID: PMC10242145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1107462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are vital components of the immune system for limiting the invasion and proliferation of pathogens in the body. Surprisingly, the functional annotation of porcine neutrophils is still limited. The transcriptomic and epigenetic assessment of porcine neutrophils from healthy pigs was performed by bulk RNA sequencing and transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq). First, we sequenced and compared the transcriptome of porcine neutrophils with eight other immune cell transcriptomes to identify a neutrophil-enriched gene list within a detected neutrophil co-expression module. Second, we used ATAC-seq analysis to report for the first time the genome-wide chromatin accessible regions of porcine neutrophils. A combined analysis using both transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility data further defined the neutrophil co-expression network controlled by transcription factors likely important for neutrophil lineage commitment and function. We identified chromatin accessible regions around promoters of neutrophil-specific genes that were predicted to be bound by neutrophil-specific transcription factors. Additionally, published DNA methylation data from porcine immune cells including neutrophils were used to link low DNA methylation patterns to accessible chromatin regions and genes with highly enriched expression in porcine neutrophils. In summary, our data provides the first integrative analysis of the accessible chromatin regions and transcriptional status of porcine neutrophils, contributing to the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) project, and demonstrates the utility of chromatin accessible regions to identify and enrich our understanding of transcriptional networks in a cell type such as neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juber Herrera-Uribe
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Kyu-Sang Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Animal Resource Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kristen A. Byrne
- USDA-Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lance Daharsh
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ryan J. Corbett
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gianna Marco
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - James E. Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Crystal L. Loving
- USDA-Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, Ames, IA, United States
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Muraduzzaman AKM, Islam NM, Tabassum S, Munshi SU. Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway Genes of Circulating Blood Neutrophils Triggered during HIV Infection and Remained Stimulated in ART Patients. Curr HIV Res 2023; 21:122-127. [PMID: 37211847 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x21666230519164239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intrinsic apoptotic pathway of neutrophils in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection results in spontaneous neutrophil death. There is a scarcity of data regarding the gene expression of an intrinsic apoptotic pathway of neutrophils in HIV patients. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to observe the differential expression of some important genes involved in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway of HIV patients, including those who were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS Blood samples were collected from asymptomatic, symptomatic, ART receiver HIV patients, and healthy individuals. Total RNA was extracted from neutrophils and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR assay. CD4+T cells and an automated complete blood count were performed. RESULTS Among the asymptomatic, symptomatic, and ART receiver HIV patients (n=20 in each group), median CD4+T counts were 633, 98, and 565 cells/ml, and the length of HIV infection in months (± SD) was 24.06 ± 21.36, 62.05 ± 25.51, and 69.2 ± 39.67, respectively. Compared with healthy controls, intrinsic apoptotic pathway genes, i.e., BAX, BIM, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, MCL-1, and Calpain-1, were upregulated to 1.21 ± 0.33, 1.8 ± 0.25, 1.24 ± 0.46, 1.54 ± 0.21, 1.88 ± 0.30, and 5.85 ± 1.34 fold in the asymptomatic group, and even more significantly, i.e., 1.51 ± 0.43, 2.09 ± 1.13, 1.85 ± 1.22, 1.72 ± 0.85, 2.26 ± 1.34, and 7.88 ± 3.31 fold in symptomatic patients, respectively. Despite CD4+ T-cell levels increased in the ART receiver group, these genes did not approach the level of healthy or asymptomatic and remained significantly upregulated. CONCLUSION The genes involved in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in circulating neutrophils during HIV infection were stimulated in vivo, and ART reduced the expression of those upregulated genes but did not return to the level of asymptomatic or healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K M Muraduzzaman
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nabeela Mahboob Islam
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahina Tabassum
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saif Ullah Munshi
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kobpornchai P, Reamtong O, Phuphisut O, Malaitong P, Adisakwattana P. Serine protease inhibitor derived from Trichinella spiralis (TsSERP) inhibits neutrophil elastase and impairs human neutrophil functions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:919835. [PMID: 36389172 PMCID: PMC9640929 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.919835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During early infection with Trichinella spiralis, host neutrophils destroy newborn larvae migrating in the bloodstream, preventing infection. However, parasites secrete various immunomodulatory molecules to escape the host’s defense mechanisms, allowing them to infect the host and live for long periods. T. spiralis secretes serine protease inhibitors (TsSERPs), which are key inhibitory molecules that regulate serine proteases involved in digestion and inflammation. However, the modulatory roles of TsSERP in the inhibition of neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) and neutrophil functions are unknown. Therefore, the immunomodulatory properties of recombinant TsSERP1 (rTsSERP1) on NSPs and neutrophil functions were investigated in this study. rTsSERP1 preferentially inhibited human neutrophil elastase (hNE). In addition, incubation of rTsSERP1 with fMLP-induced neutrophils impaired their phagocytic ability. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and NETs were dramatically reduced when treated with rTsSERP1. Furthermore, rTsSERP1 suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines during neutrophil activation, which are essential for neutrophil-mediated local or systemic inflammation regulation. In conclusion, T. spiralis immune evasion mechanisms are promoted by the inhibitory properties of TsSERP1 against neutrophil elastase and neutrophil defense functions, and these might be promising alternative treatment targets for inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porntida Kobpornchai
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orawan Phuphisut
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preeyarat Malaitong
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Poom Adisakwattana,
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Aggio JB, Porto BN, Duarte dos Santos CN, Mosimann ALP, Wowk PF. Human Neutrophils Present Mild Activation by Zika Virus But Reduce the Infection of Susceptible Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:784443. [PMID: 35747137 PMCID: PMC9210994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.784443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) has highlighted the need for a deeper understanding of virus-host interactions in order to pave the way for the development of antiviral therapies. The present work aimed to address the response of neutrophils during ZIKV infection. Neutrophils are important effector cells in innate immunity implicated in the host’s response to neurotropic arboviruses. Our results indicate that human neutrophils were not permissive to Asian or African ZIKV strain replication. In fact, after stimulation with ZIKV, neutrophils were mild primed against the virus as evaluated through CD11b and CD62L modulation, secretion of inflammatory cytokines and granule content, production of reactive oxygen species, and neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Overall, neutrophils did not affect ZIKV infectivity. Moreover, in vitro ZIKV infection of primary innate immune cells did not trigger neutrophil migration. However, neutrophils co-cultured with ZIKV susceptible cell lineages resulted in lower cell infection frequencies, possibly due to cell-to-cell contact. In vivo, neutrophil depletion in immunocompetent mice did not affect ZIKV spreading to the draining lymph nodes. The data suggest that human neutrophils do not play an antiviral role against ZIKV per se, but these cells might participate in an infected environment shaping the ZIKV infection in other target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bernardi Aggio
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nery Porto
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Ana Luiza Pamplona Mosimann
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Curitiba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Pryscilla Fanini Wowk, ; Ana Luiza Pamplona Mosimann,
| | - Pryscilla Fanini Wowk
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Curitiba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Pryscilla Fanini Wowk, ; Ana Luiza Pamplona Mosimann,
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5
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Madzime M, Rossouw TM, Theron AJ, Anderson R, Steel HC. Interactions of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy With Neutrophils and Platelets. Front Immunol 2021; 12:634386. [PMID: 33777022 PMCID: PMC7994251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.634386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are important components of the innate immune system that mediate pathogen defense by multiple processes including phagocytosis, release of proteolytic enzymes, production of reactive oxygen species, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Abnormalities of neutrophil count and function have been described in the setting of HIV infection, with the majority of antiretroviral agents (ARVs), excluding zidovudine, having been reported to correct neutropenia. Questions still remain, however, about their impact on neutrophil function, particularly the possibility of persistent neutrophil activation, which could predispose people living with HIV to chronic inflammatory disorders, even in the presence of virally-suppressive treatment. In this context, the effects of protease inhibitors and integrase strand transfer inhibitors, in particular, on neutrophil function remain poorly understood and deserve further study. Besides mediating hemostatic functions, platelets are increasingly recognized as critical role players in the immune response against infection. In the setting of HIV, these cells have been found to harbor the virus, even in the presence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) potentially promoting viral dissemination. While HIV-infected individuals often present with thrombocytopenia, they have also been reported to have increased platelet activation, as measured by an upregulation of expression of CD62P (P-selectin), CD40 ligand, glycoprotein IV, and RANTES. Despite ART-mediated viral suppression, HIV-infected individuals reportedly have sustained platelet activation and dysfunction. This, in turn, contributes to persistent immune activation and an inflammatory vascular environment, seemingly involving neutrophil-platelet-endothelium interactions that increase the risk for development of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) that has become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals on treatment, clearly underscoring the importance of unraveling the possible etiologic roles of ARVs. In this context, abacavir and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and darunavir have all been linked to an increased risk of CVD. This narrative review is therefore focused primarily on the role of neutrophils and platelets in HIV transmission and disease, as well as on the effect of HIV and the most common ARVs on the numbers and functions of these cells, including neutrophil-platelet-endothelial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris Madzime
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Theresa M Rossouw
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Annette J Theron
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Helen C Steel
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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6
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Mojoli A, Gonçalves BS, Temerozo JR, Cister-Alves B, Geddes V, Herlinger A, Aguiar RS, Pilotto JH, Saraiva EM, Bou-Habib DC. Neutrophil extracellular traps from healthy donors and HIV-1-infected individuals restrict HIV-1 production in macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19603. [PMID: 33177532 PMCID: PMC7658358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils release extracellular traps (NETs) after interaction with microorganisms and physiological or synthetic products. NETs consist of decondensed chromatin complexed with proteins, some of them with microbicidal properties. Because NETs can modulate the functioning of HIV-1 target cells, we aimed to verify whether they modify HIV-1 replication in macrophages. We found that exposure of HIV-1-infected macrophages to NETs resulted in significant inhibition of viral replication. The NET anti-HIV-1 action was independent of other soluble factors released by the activated neutrophils, but otherwise dependent on the molecular integrity of NETs, since NET-treatment with protease or DNase abolished this effect. NETs induced macrophage production of the anti-HIV-1 β-chemokines Rantes and MIP-1β, and reduced the levels of integrated HIV-1 DNA in the macrophage genome, which may explain the decreased virus production by infected macrophages. Moreover, the residual virions released by NET-treated HIV-1-infected macrophages lost infectivity. In addition, elevated levels of DNA-elastase complexes were detected in the plasma from HIV-1-infected individuals, and neutrophils from these patients released NETs, which also inhibited HIV-1 replication in in vitro infected macrophages. Our results reveal that NETs may function as an innate immunity mechanism able to restrain HIV-1 production in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Mojoli
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara Simonson Gonçalves
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Jairo R Temerozo
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cister-Alves
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Victor Geddes
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alice Herlinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Santana Aguiar
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Henrique Pilotto
- Laboratory of AIDS and Molecular Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco D/D1-44, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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7
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Lindblom SC, Gabler NK, Dilger RN, Olson ZF, Loving CL, Kerr BJ. Influence of feeding thermally peroxidized soybean oil on oxidative status in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:545-557. [PMID: 29385464 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine whether feeding thermally processed peroxidized soybean oil (SO) induces markers of oxidative stress and alters antioxidant status in pig tissue, blood, and urine. Fifty-six barrows (25.3 ± 3.3 kg initial BW) were randomly assigned to dietary treatments containing 10% fresh SO (22.5 °C) or thermally processed SO (45 °C for 288 h, 90 °C for 72 h, or 180 °C for 6 h), each with constant air infusion rate of 15 liters/minute. Multiple indices of lipid peroxidation were measured in the SO including peroxide value (2.0, 96, 145, and 4.0 mEq/kg for 22.5, 45, 90, and 180 °C processed SO, respectively) and p-anisidine value (1.2, 8.4, 261, and 174 for 22.5, 45, 90, and 180 °C processed SO, respectively); along with a multitude of aldehydes. Pigs were individually housed and fed ad libitum for 49 d which included a 5 d period in metabolism crates for the collection of urine and serum for measures of oxidative stress. On day 49, pigs were euthanized to determine liver weight and analyze liver-based oxidative stress markers. Oxidative stress markers included serum, urinary, and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and urinary F2-isoprostanes (ISP) as markers of lipid damage; serum and liver protein carbonyls (PC) as a marker of protein damage; and urinary and liver 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2dG) as a marker of DNA damage. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity (CAT) were measured in liver, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) was measured in serum and liver, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was measured in serum and urine as determinants of antioxidant status. Pigs fed 90 °C SO had greater urinary ISP (P = 0.02), while pigs fed the 45 °C SO had elevated urinary TBARS (P = 0.02) in comparison to other treatment groups. Pigs fed 45 °C and 90 °C SO had increased serum PC concentrations (P = 0.01) and pigs fed 90 °C SO had greater (P = 0.01) liver concentration of 8-OH-2dG compared to pigs fed the other SO treatments. Furthermore, pigs fed 90 °C SO had reduced serum GPx activity in comparison to pigs fed fresh SO (P = 0.01). In addition, pigs fed 180 °C SO had increased liver CAT activity (P = 0.01). Liver GPx and SOD or serum and urinary FRAP were not affected by dietary treatment. These results indicate that dietary peroxidized soybean oil induced oxidative stress by increasing serum PC while diminishing serum GPx, increasing urinary ISP and TBARS, and increasing 8-OH-2dG and CAT in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lindblom
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - N K Gabler
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - R N Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Z F Olson
- USDA-ARS-National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA
| | - C L Loving
- USDA-ARS-National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA
| | - B J Kerr
- USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Yaseen MM, Shabsoug BM. The role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils during HIV-1 infection. Arch Virol 2017; 163:1-21. [PMID: 28980078 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is well-recognized that human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) mainly targets CD4+ T cells and macrophages. Nonetheless, during the past three decades, a huge number of studies have reported that HIV-1 can directly or indirectly target other cellular components of the immune system including CD8+ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), among others. PMNs are the most abundant leukocytes in the human circulation, and are known to play principal roles in the elimination of invading pathogens, regulating different immune responses, healing of injured tissues, and maintaining mucosal homeostasis. Until recently, little was known about the impact of HIV-1 infection on PMNs as well as the impact of PMNs on HIV-1 disease progression. This is because early studies focused on neutropenia and recurrent microbial infections, particularly, during advanced disease. However, recent studies have extended the investigation area to cover new aspects of the interactions between HIV-1 and PMNs. This review aims to summarize these advances and address the impact of HIV-1 infection on PMNs as well as the impact of PMNs on HIV-1 disease progression to better understand the pathophysiology of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Applied Biological Sciences, College of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Mahmoud Yaseen
- Public Health, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Barakat Mohammad Shabsoug
- Chemical Sciences, College of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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9
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Linder KA, Alkhouli L, Ramesh M, Alangaden GA, Kauffman CA, Miceli MH. Effect of underlying immune compromise on the manifestations and outcomes of group A streptococcal bacteremia. J Infect 2017; 74:450-455. [PMID: 28237623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group A streptococcal bloodstream infection is the most common presentation of invasive group A streptococcal disease. We sought to determine the impact of immunosuppression on severity of disease and clinical outcomes. METHODS This retrospective review of 148 patients with at least one positive blood culture for Streptococcus pyogenes from 1/2003 to 3/2013 compared immunocompromised patients with those with no immunocompromise in regards to development of severe complications and mortality. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (17%) were immunocompromised; 123 were not. Skin and soft tissue infection occurred in 60% of immunocompromised vs. 38% of non-immunocompromised patients, p = .04. Necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock were significantly more common in immunocompromised patients, p < .0001 and .028, respectively. Mortality at 30 days was 32% in immunocompromised patients vs. 16% in non-immunocompromised patients, p = .05. CONCLUSION Patients who are immunocompromised are more likely to develop necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock as complications of group A streptococcal bacteremia and have a higher mortality rate than patients who are not immunocompromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Linder
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, USA
| | | | | | | | - Carol A Kauffman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, USA; Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA
| | - Marisa H Miceli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, USA.
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Kaye S, Wang W, Miller C, McLuckie A, Beatty JA, Grant CK, VandeWoude S, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. Role of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in Lymphomagenesis--Going Alone or Colluding? ILAR J 2017; 57:24-33. [PMID: 27034392 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a naturally occurring lentivirus of domestic and nondomestic feline species. Infection in domestic cats leads to immune dysfunction via mechanisms similar to those caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and, as such, is a valuable natural animal model for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans. An association between FIV and an increased incidence of neoplasia has long been recognized, with frequencies of up to 20% in FIV-positive cats recorded in some studies. This is similar to the rate of neoplasia seen in HIV-positive individuals, and in both species neoplasia typically requires several years to arise. The most frequently reported type of neoplasia associated with FIV infection is lymphoma. Here we review the possible mechanisms involved in FIV lymphomagenesis, including the possible involvement of coinfections, notably those with gamma-herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kaye
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Craig Miller
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Alicia McLuckie
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Julia A Beatty
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Chris K Grant
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Sue VandeWoude
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann
- Sarah Kaye, BVSc, is a small animal clinician with the Animal Welfare League Qld Inc. in The Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. Wenqi Wang, BVSc, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with the School of Veterinary Science at University of Queensland at Gatton in Australia. Craig Miller, DVM, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University in FortCollins, Colorado. Alicia McLuckie, BVSc, is a PhD candidate in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia, Julia A. Beatty, BSc, BVetMed, PhD, FANZCVs (feline med), is a professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney in NSW, Australia. Chris K. Grant, PhD, DSc, is founder and CEO of Custom Monoclonals International Corp. in West Sacramento, California. Sue VandeWoude, DVM, MS, DACLAM, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology at Colorado State University and Associate Dean for Research in the College of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, DVM, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland at Gatton, an affiliate senior lecturer in the School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences at the University of Queensland at St. Lucia, and an investigator at the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre at the University of Queensland in St. Lucia, Australia
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Humphrey JM, Walsh TJ, Gulick RM. Invasive Aspergillus Sinusitis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016; 3:ofw135. [PMID: 27800523 PMCID: PMC5084715 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) sinusitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection in immunocompromised individuals, but it is uncommon in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To gain a better understanding of the characteristics of IA sinusitis in this population, we present a unique case of chronic IA sinusitis in an HIV-infected patient taking antiretroviral therapy and review the literature summarizing published cases of invasive aspergillosis of the paranasal (n = 41) and mastoid (n = 17) sinuses in HIV-infected individuals. Among these cases, only 4 were reported after 1999, and 98% of patients had acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Orbital invasion occurred in 54% of paranasal sinus cases, whereas intracranial invasion was reported in 53% of mastoid sinus cases. The overall mortality was 79%. We also discuss various clinical and immunologic factors that may play a role in the development of IA and consider the changing epidemiology of aspergillosis in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Humphrey
- Division of Infectious Diseases , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York
| | - Roy M Gulick
- Division of Infectious Diseases , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York
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Human Blood-Circulating Basophils Capture HIV-1 and Mediate Viral trans-Infection of CD4+ T Cells. J Virol 2015; 89:8050-62. [PMID: 26018157 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01021-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cell-associated HIV-1 infection has been proposed to play a pivotal role in the spread of HIV-1 infection. Granulocytes are a category of white blood cells, comprising mainly basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils, and participate in various inflammatory reactions and defense against pathogens. Here, we investigated the role of human blood granulocytes in the dissemination of HIV-1. These cells were found to express a variety of HIV-1 attachment factors (HAFs). Basophils expressed HAFs dendritic cell (DC)-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM3)-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), DC immunoreceptor (DCIR), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), and α4β7 integrin and mediated the most efficient capture of HIV-1 on the cell surface. Neutrophils were found to express DCIR and demonstrated limited efficiency of viral capture. Eosinophils expressed α4β7 integrin but exhibited little or no virus-binding capacity. Intriguingly, following direct contact with CD4+ T cells, viruses harbored on the surface of basophils were transferred to T cells. The contact between basophils and CD4+ T cells and formation of infectious synapses appeared necessary for efficient HIV-1 spread. In HIV-1-infected individuals, the frequency of basophils remained fairly stable over the course of disease, regardless of CD4+ T depletion or the emergence of AIDS-associated opportunistic infections. Collectively, our results provide novel insights into the roles of granulocytes, particularly basophils, in HIV-1 dissemination. Thus, strategies designed to prevent basophil-mediated viral capture and transfer may be developed into a new form of therapy. IMPORTANCE Cell-associated HIV-1 infection has been proposed to play a pivotal role in the spread of HIV-1 infection. Here, we demonstrated that human blood-circulating granulocytes, particularly basophils, can capture HIV-1 and mediate viral trans-infection of CD4+ T cells. The expression of a variety of HIV-1 attachment factors, such as the C-type lectins, etc., facilitates viral capture and transfer. Intriguingly, the frequency of basophils in patients with different levels of CD4+ T counts remains fairly stable during the course of disease. Our results provide novel insights into the roles of granulocytes, particularly basophils, in HIV-1 dissemination. We suggest that strategies designed to prevent basophil-mediated viral capture and transfer may be a new direction for the development of anti-HIV therapy.
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Campillo-Gimenez L, Casulli S, Dudoit Y, Seang S, Carcelain G, Lambert-Niclot S, Appay V, Autran B, Tubiana R, Elbim C. Neutrophils in antiretroviral therapy-controlled HIV demonstrate hyperactivation associated with a specific IL-17/IL-22 environment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:1142-52.e5. [PMID: 25042982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite control of HIV infection under antiretroviral therapy (ART), immune T-cell activation persists in patients with controlled HIV infection, who are at higher risk of inflammatory diseases than the general population. PMNs play a key role in host defenses against invading microorganisms but also potentiate inflammatory reactions in cases of excessive or misdirected responses. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to analyze PMN functions in 60 ART-treated and controlled HIV-infected patients (viral load, <20 RNA copies/mL; CD4 count, ≥ 350 cells/mm(3)) with (HIV[I] group) and without (HIV[NI] group) diseases related to an inflammatory process and to compare them with 22 healthy control subjects. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to evaluate PMN functions in whole-blood conditions. We studied in parallel the activation markers of T lymphocytes and monocytes and the proinflammatory cytokine environment. RESULTS Blood samples from HIV-infected patients revealed basal PMN hyperactivation associated with deregulation of the apoptosis/necrosis equilibrium. Interestingly, this hyperactivation was greater in HIV(I) than HIV(NI) patients and contrasted with a lack of monocyte activation in both groups. The percentage of circulating cells producing IL-17 was also significantly higher in HIV-infected patients than in control subjects and was positively correlated with markers of basal PMN activation. In addition, the detection of IL-22 overproduction in HIV(NI) patients suggests that it might contribute to counteracting chronic inflammatory processes during HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS This study thus demonstrates the presence of highly activated PMNs in HIV-infected patients receiving effective ART and the association of these cells with a specific IL-17/IL-22 environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Campillo-Gimenez
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Casulli
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Yasmine Dudoit
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Seang
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Guislaine Carcelain
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France
| | - Sidonie Lambert-Niclot
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Autran
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France
| | - Roland Tubiana
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Carole Elbim
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, UMR-S CR7, INSERM U1135, Paris, France.
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Hoang AN, Jones CN, Dimisko L, Hamza B, Martel J, Kojic N, Irimia D. Measuring neutrophil speed and directionality during chemotaxis, directly from a droplet of whole blood. TECHNOLOGY 2013; 1:49. [PMID: 24809064 PMCID: PMC4010229 DOI: 10.1142/s2339547813500040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil chemotaxis is critical for defense against infections and its alterations could lead to chronic inflammation and tissue injury. The central role that transient alterations of neutrophil chemotaxis could have on patient outcomes calls for its quantification in the clinic. However, current methods for measuring neutrophil chemotaxis require large volumes of blood and are time consuming. To address the need for rapid and robust assays, we designed a microfluidic device that measures neutrophil chemotaxis directly from a single droplet of blood. We validated the assay by comparing neutrophil chemotaxis from finger prick, venous blood and purified neutrophil samples. We found consistent average velocity of (19 ± 6 μm/min) and directionality (91.1%) between the three sources. We quantified the variability in neutrophil chemotaxis between healthy donors and found no significant changes over time. We also validated the device in the clinic and documented temporary chemotaxis deficiencies after burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh N. Hoang
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to D.I. ()
| | - Caroline N. Jones
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to D.I. ()
| | - Laurie Dimisko
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Bashar Hamza
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Joseph Martel
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Boston, USA
| | - Nikola Kojic
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- The BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, USA
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Casulli S, Elbim C. Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and polymorphonuclear neutrophils. J Innate Immun 2013; 6:13-20. [PMID: 23867213 DOI: 10.1159/000353588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant circulating leukocytes. They represent a first line of innate immunity against a large panel of microbial pathogens, pending development of specific immune responses. The role of PMN in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease has mainly been investigated from the point of view of the increased susceptibility of HIV-1-infected patients to bacterial and fungal infections. However, it is now clear that the relationship between PMN and HIV-1 is far more complex. This review examines both the beneficial and the detrimental effects of PMN during HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Casulli
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM UMR-S 945, Immunité et Infection, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Shih KS, Lin CC, Hung HF, Yang YC, Wang CA, Jeng KC, Fu HW. One-step chromatographic purification of Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein expressed in Bacillus subtilis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60786. [PMID: 23577158 PMCID: PMC3620106 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP), a major virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), is capable of activating human neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secrete inammatory mediators. HP-NAP is a vaccine candidate, a possible drug target, and a potential in vitro diagnostic marker for H. pylori infection. HP-NAP has also been shown to be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma and bladder cancer. Hence, an efficient way to obtain pure HP-NAP needs to be developed. In this study, one-step anion-exchange chromatography in negative mode was applied to purify the recombinant HP-NAP expressed in Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). This purification technique was based on the binding of host cell proteins and/or impurities other than HP-NAP to DEAE Sephadex resins. At pH 8.0, almost no other proteins except HP-NAP passed through the DEAE Sephadex column. More than 60% of the total HP-NAP with purity higher than 91% was recovered in the flow-through fraction from this single-step DEAE Sephadex chromatography. The purified recombinant HP-NAP was further demonstrated to be a multimeric protein with a secondary structure of α-helix and capable of activating human neutrophils to stimulate ROS production. Thus, this one-step negative chromatography using DEAE Sephadex resin can efficiently yield functional HP-NAP from B. subtilis in its native form with high purity. HP-NAP purified by this method could be further utilized for the development of new drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics for H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Shun Shih
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chang Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Fang Hung
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chi Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-An Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kee-Ching Jeng
- Departments of Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hua-Wen Fu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are retroviruses with global impact on the health of domestic cats. The two viruses differ in their potential to cause disease. FeLV is more pathogenic, and was long considered to be responsible for more clinical syndromes than any other agent in cats. FeLV can cause tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow suppression syndromes (mainly anemia), and lead to secondary infectious diseases caused by suppressive effects of the virus on bone marrow and the immune system. Today, FeLV is less commonly diagnosed than in the previous 20 years; prevalence has been decreasing in most countries. However, FeLV importance may be underestimated as it has been shown that regressively infected cats (that are negative in routinely used FeLV tests) also can develop clinical signs. FIV can cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that increases the risk of opportunistic infections, neurological diseases, and tumors. In most naturally infected cats, however, FIV itself does not cause severe clinical signs, and FIV-infected cats may live many years without any health problems. This article provides a review of clinical syndromes in progressively and regressively FeLV-infected cats as well as in FIV-infected cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hartmann
- Medizinische Kleintierklinik, LMU University of Munich, Germany, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
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Hearps AC, Angelovich TA, Jaworowski A, Mills J, Landay AL, Crowe SM. HIV infection and aging of the innate immune system. Sex Health 2012; 8:453-64. [PMID: 22127030 DOI: 10.1071/sh11028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increased life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals due to improved treatment has revealed an unexpected increase in non-AIDS comorbidities that are typically associated with older age including cardiovascular disease, dementia and frailty. The majority of these diseases arise as the result of dysregulated systemic inflammation, and both the aged and HIV-infected individuals exhibit elevated basal levels of inflammation. In the elderly, increased inflammation and age-related diseases are associated with a state of impaired immunity called immunosenescence, which is thought to result from a lifetime of immune stimulation. It is now apparent that HIV induces premature immunosenescence within T-cells; however, the impact of HIV on aging of cells of the innate arm of the immune system is unknown. Innate immune cells play a central role in inflammation and are thus critical for the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Limited evidence suggests HIV infection mimics age-related changes to innate immune cells; however, the extent of this effect and the mechanism underlying these changes remain to be defined. This review focuses on the impact of HIV infection on the function and aging of innate immune cells and discusses potential drivers of premature immunosenescence including chronic endotoxaemia, residual viraemia, telomere attrition and altered cellular signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Hearps
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Alrokayan S. Chemical synthesis and improved expression of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor cDNA. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:2671-8. [PMID: 22057963 DOI: 10.4238/2011.october.31.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been recognized as a useful molecule for the treatment of a wide range of complex ailments, such as cancer, AIDS, H1N1 influenza, cardiac and neurological diseases. The vast therapeutic potential of G-CSF has induced scientists to develop biotechnological approaches for the synthesis of this pharmacologically active agent. We used a synthetic G-CSF cDNA molecule to produce the target protein by a simple cloning protocol. We constructed the synthetic cDNA using a DNA synthesizer with the aim to increase its expression level by specific sequence modifications at the 5' end of the G-CSF-coding region, decreasing the GC content without altering the predicted amino acid sequences. The identity of the resulting protein was confirmed by a highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, a synthetic G-CSF cDNA in combination with the recombinant DNA protocol offers a rapid and reliable strategy for synthesizing the target protein. However, commercial utilization of this methodology will require rigorous validation and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alrokayan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Hartmann K. Clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia virus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 143:190-201. [PMID: 21807418 PMCID: PMC7132395 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are retroviruses with a global impact on the health of domestic cats. The two viruses differ in their potential to cause disease. FIV can cause an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that increases the risk of developing opportunistic infections, neurological diseases, and tumors. In most naturally infected cats, however, FIV itself does not cause severe clinical signs, and FIV-infected cats may live many years without any health problems. FeLV is more pathogenic, and was long considered to be responsible for more clinical syndromes than any other agent in cats. FeLV can cause tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow suppression syndromes (mainly anemia) and lead to secondary infectious diseases caused by suppressive effects of the virus on bone marrow and the immune system. Today, FeLV is less important as a deadly infectious agent as in the last 20 years prevalence has been decreasing in most countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, LMU University of Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen reduces interleukin-8 expression in endothelial cells and impairs neutrophil chemotaxis by degrading nuclear p65. J Virol 2011; 85:8606-15. [PMID: 21697472 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00733-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA-1) of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the major viral latent protein and functions as a multifaceted protein. Here, we report that LANA-1 attenuates the endothelial response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) stimulation and inhibits consequent neutrophil chemotaxis. Reporter assays showed that LANA-1 constantly repressed nuclear factor (NF)-κB transactivity upon TNF-α stimulation. We also found that LANA-1 decreased nuclear p65 protein levels through enhancement of polyubiquitylation-mediated p65 degradation and that an elongin B/elongin C-cullin 5-LANA-1-p65 complex assembled by LANA-1 was responsible for this enhanced p65 degradation. In telomerase-immortalized human umbilical vein endothelial cells, LANA-1 was demonstrated to repress interleukin-8 expression, which was involved in neutrophil recruitment to the inflammatory site. Through an in vitro transmigration assay, we determined a suppressive effect of LANA-1 on neutrophil chemotaxis. Our work suggests that KSHV LANA-1 is a negative modulator of acute inflammation and sheds light on a new mechanism by which KSHV during the latent life cycle evades the host innate immune response.
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Khajah M, Millen B, Cara DC, Waterhouse C, McCafferty DM. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF): a chemoattractive agent for murine leukocytes in vivo. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 89:945-53. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0809546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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25
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HIV-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhance neutrophil survival and HLA-DR expression via increased production of GM-CSF: implications for HIV-1 infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 56:16-25. [PMID: 20975570 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e3181fa1fa5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV-1 bound to intact neutrophils efficiently infects activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Here, we evaluated the effect of the local milieu created by activated PBMC before and after HIV-1 infection on neutrophil survival and HLA-DR expression, with emphasis placed on a role for GM-CSF. METHODS PBMC of healthy adult individuals were activated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and were subsequently cultured without (HIV-1⁻) or with HIV-1 (HIV-1+). The effects of the culture supernatants or recombinant GM-CSF on survival and HLA-DR expression by neutrophils of healthy adult individuals and of HIV-1-infected individuals were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS Conditioned medium from PHA-activated PBMC (HIV-1⁻ and HIV-1+) increased neutrophil survival and induced HLA-DR expression by neutrophils of healthy individuals in a GM-CSF dependent fashion. HIV-1 infection variably, but consistently, increased GM-CSF production by PHA-activated PBMC but not GM-CSF production by anti-CD3/anti-CD28-activated PBMC. The latter was correlated with a loss of CD3+GMCSF+ cells after infection. Neutrophils of elite controllers exhibited a diminished HLADR response to GM-CSF in culture, whereas neutrophils of HIV-1+ subjects having a low viral load on anti-retroviral therapy or subjects with a high viral load exhibited a range of HLA-DR responses. CONCLUSIONS GM-CSF production within the mucosa or draining lymph nodes may promote HIV-1 infection by facilitating sustained contact between viable neutrophils with bound HIV-1 and CD4 lymphocytes. The minimal effect of GM-CSF on HLA-DR expression by neutrophils of elite controllers provides indirect support for this conclusion.
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Sprague WS, TerWee JA, VandeWoude S. Temporal association of large granular lymphocytosis, neutropenia, proviral load, and FasL mRNA in cats with acute feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009; 134:115-21. [PMID: 19896217 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
During acute feline immunodeficiency virus-C(PGammar) (FIV-C-PG) infection, we observed that cats develop large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphocytosis concurrent with a marked neutropenia that is temporally associated with the rise and fall of FIV-C-PG proviral loads. LGLs, generally considered to be analogous to natural killer (NK) cells, can also be highly cytolytic CD8/CD57 T cells. Neutropenia has been reported during acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection, but there is a paucity of information describing the pathogenesis of this condition. During HIV-1 infection, LGLs have been shown to be both CD16(+) NK cells and CD8(+)/CD57(+) T cells, but an association with neutropenia has not been described. However, neutropenia with concurrent LGL lymphocytosis has been demonstrated in both LGL leukemia and common variable immunodeficiency syndrome in people, and in both syndromes, an increase in soluble Fas ligand (FasL) has been associated with neutrophil apoptosis leading to neutropenia. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated increases in CD56 and CD8 peripheral blood cell surface expression during acute FIV-C-PG infection. Expression of FasL mRNA was increased at the same time points as these peripheral hematologic abnormalities, and also decreased as FIV-C-PG proviral load reached set point. We describe an interesting temporal association between innate immune responses and viral load during acute FIV-C-PG infection, which has similarities to HIV-1 infection and other immune dyscrasias of people, and which may contribute to the neutropenia and LGL lymphocytosis during FIV-C-PG infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Sprague
- Colorado State University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, 1600 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Berczi I, Quintanar-Stephano A, Kovacs K. Neuroimmune regulation in immunocompetence, acute illness, and healing. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1153:220-39. [PMID: 19236345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immunocompetence is maintained by growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and vasopressin (VP). Innate or natural immunocompetence depends on cytokines, hormones (especially of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis), and catecholamines. The acute phase response (APR, or acute febrile illness) is an emergency defense reaction whereby the adaptive, T cell-dependent, immune reactions are suppressed and the innate immune function is dramatically amplified. Infection and various forms of injury induce APR. Cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6] stimulate corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and VP secretion and cause a "sympathetic outflow." Colony-stimulating factors activate leukocytes. CRH is a powerful activator of the pituitary adrenocortical axis and elevates glucocorticoid (GC) levels. Cytokines, GCs, and catecholamines play fundamental roles in the amplification of natural immune defense mechanisms. VP supports the APR at this stage. However, VP remains active and is elevated for a longer period than is CRH. VP, but not CRH, is elevated during chronic inflammatory diseases. VP controls adaptive immune function and stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and PRL secretion. PRL maintains the function of the thymus and of the T cell-dependent adaptive immune system. The ACTH-adrenal axis stimulates natural immunity and of suppressor/regulatory T cells, which suppress the adaptive immune system. VP also has a direct effect on lymphoid cells, the significance of which remains to be elucidated. It is suggested that VP regulates the process of recovery from acute illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Berczi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Mousseau Y, Leclers D, Faucher-Durand K, Cook-Moreau J, Lia-Baldini AS, Rigaud M, Sturtz FG. Improved agarose gel assay for quantification of growth factor-induced cell motility. Biotechniques 2007; 43:509-16. [DOI: 10.2144/000112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell chemotaxis is frequently required in normal or pathological situations such as invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis and may involve many different cell types. At present, no device can simultaneously (i) make morphological observations, (ii) quantify cell migration, (iii) test multiple chemoattracting gradients, and (iv) analyze cell-cell interactions. We developed an agarose-based assay to address these questions. Two glass molds were designed, around which agarose gel could be poured to form specific well shapes. Using a vital nuclear stain (Hoechst 33258), we characterized the migration profile of adherent or suspension cells. Cells could be observed during the entire migration process. We were able to follow cells moving toward chemoattractants or being repulsed by other molecules, and we could estimate average migration speed. Using this inexpensive assay, we were able to obtain precise, reproducible results concerning the chemotactic behavior of different cell types. The resulting data differentiated between chemokinetic and chemotactic movement. Chemotactic potencies could be compared using different criteria, such as the number of attracted cells, induced speed, and morphological aspect. This improved agarose assay appears to be a reliable and inexpensive alternative to other available chemotaxis study tools.
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Mills JS. Differential activation of polymorphisms of the formyl peptide receptor by formyl peptides. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2007; 1772:1085-92. [PMID: 17644322 PMCID: PMC2094211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the role of two polymorphic sites (R190W and N192K) on the binding and activation of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) by viral and formyl peptides. WEDWVGWI, a peptide with antiviral activity derived from the membrane proximal region of feline immunodeficiency virus, binds with high affinity to FPR. The three tryptophans in the peptide are all essential for FPR binding, just as they were essential for antiviral activity [S. Giannecchini, A. Di Fenza, A.M. D'Ursi, D. Matteucci, P. Rovero, M. Bendinelli, Antiviral activity and conformational features of an octapeptide derived from the membrane-proximal ectodomain of the feline immunodeficiency virus transmembrane glycoprotein, J. Virol. 77 (2003) 3724]. Formyl-NleWEDWVGWI behaved as a weak partial agonist with FPR W190/N192 but a stronger partial agonist with FPR R190/K192 and FPR R190/N192. Formyl-NleNleWEDWVGWI behaved as a full agonist toward all three FPRs but exhibited a much higher EC(50) with W190/N192 FPR (300+/-45 nM) than for R190/K192 FPR (40+/-3 nM) or R190/N192 (60+/-8 nM). Formyl-MYKWPWYVWL preferentially activated R190/K192 and R190/N192 FPRs by>5 fold compared to W190/N192 FPR. Formyl-MFEDAVAWF, a peptide derived from a protein in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and formyl-MFTFEPFPTN, a peptide derived from the N-terminus of chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus with an added N-terminal formyl-methionine exhibited the greatest selectivity for R190/K192 and R190/N192 FPRs with approximately 10 fold lower EC(50)s than that observed with FPR W190/N192. Thus, individuals with the W190 polymorphism may display a reduced ability to detect certain formyl peptides.
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Key Words
- fpr, formyl peptide receptor
- chips, chemotaxis inhibitory protein of staphylococcus aureus
- cho s, chinese hamster ovary cells designed for suspension culture
- hrsv, human respiratory syncytial virus
- fiv, feline immunodeficiency virus
- fmlf, n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
- flipr, fprl1 inhibitory protein
- aids, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- siv, simian immunodeficiency virus
- hiv, human immunodeficiency virus
- sars, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- gp-41, 41 kilodalton glycoprotein
- gp-36, 36 kilodalton glycoprotein
- hr, heptade repeat
- fitc, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- formyl-nle-leu-phe-nle-tyr-lys-fitc, formyl-nle-leu-phe-nle-tyr-lys labeled at the lys residue with fluorescein isothiocyanate
- formyl-nle-leu-phe-nle-tyr-lys, labeled at the lys residue with alexa fluor n-hydroxy-succinimide
- fmlf, formyl-met-leu-phe
- tmh, transmembrane helix
- fprl1, formyl peptide receptor like 1
- gtpγs, guanosine 5′-3-o-(thio)triphosphate
- formyl peptides
- signal transduction
- g protein-coupled receptor
- polymorphism
- feline immunodeficiency virus
- chemotaxis inhibitory protein of staphylococcus aureus
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Mills
- Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717-3520, USA.
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