1
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Huang Y, Xu Z, Holtappels G, Shen Y, Van Zele T, Wen W, Zhang L, Zhang N, Bachert C. MZB1-expressing cells are essential for local immunoglobulin production in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:198-207.e14. [PMID: 37852603 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of MZB1 genes is significantly elevated in patients who have chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) disease compared with healthy controls. OBJECTIVE To characterize MZB1-positive B cells in CRSwNP and to estimate the contribution of distinct subsets of B cells to the local overproduction of immunoglobulins. METHODS Single-cell RNA-sequencing with Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing technology, Switching Mechanism At the 5' end of RNA Template sequencing, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, QuantiGene Plex assay, B-cell ImmunoSpot assay, Luminex assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed. RESULTS Significantly higher mRNA expression of MZB1 and HSP90B1 was found in type 2 CRSwNP compared with controls. In CRSwNP, MZB1 expression correlated with the local production of IgE. MZB1 could be colocalized with plasma and mature B cells, especially marginal zone (MZ) B cells. Single-cell transcriptome and epitope studies revealed prominent populations of B cells in type 2 CRSwNP with unexpectedly high MZB1 gene expression. The MZ B-cell population was significantly increased in CRSwNP compared with healthy controls in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and nasal tissue single-cell suspensions. When those single cells were cultured overnight, the MZ B-cell numbers were positively correlated with local IgE production but negatively correlated with local IgM production. In vitro, MZB1 stimulation up-regulated the mRNA expression of IgE. CONCLUSION MZB1 was primarily expressed by plasma and mature B cells in nasal mucosa. MZB1 expression level was increased in CRSwNP compared with controls. MZB1 contributed to the local IgE production in type 2 CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Departments of Allergy and Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Yang Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Thibaut Van Zele
- Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Weiping Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Departments of Allergy and Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Claus Bachert
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Division of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Clinic for ENT diseases and Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Münster, Münster, Germany
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2
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Zhou QM, Zheng L. Research progress on the relationship between Paneth cells-susceptibility genes, intestinal microecology and inflammatory bowel disease. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:8111-8125. [PMID: 38130785 PMCID: PMC10731169 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i34.8111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disorder of the immune system and intestinal microecosystem caused by environmental factors in genetically susceptible people. Paneth cells (PCs) play a central role in IBD pathogenesis, especially in Crohn's disease development, and their morphology, number and function are regulated by susceptibility genes. In the intestine, PCs participate in the formation of the stem cell microenvironment by secreting antibacterial particles and play a role in helping maintain the intestinal microecology and intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Moreover, PC proliferation and maturation depend on symbiotic flora in the intestine. This paper describes the interactions among susceptibility genes, PCs and intestinal microecology and their effects on IBD occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ming Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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3
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Jang KK, Heaney T, London M, Ding Y, Putzel G, Yeung F, Ercelen D, Chen YH, Axelrad J, Gurunathan S, Zhou C, Podkowik M, Arguelles N, Srivastava A, Shopsin B, Torres VJ, Keestra-Gounder AM, Pironti A, Griffin ME, Hang HC, Cadwell K. Antimicrobial overproduction sustains intestinal inflammation by inhibiting Enterococcus colonization. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1450-1468.e8. [PMID: 37652008 PMCID: PMC10502928 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Loss of antimicrobial proteins such as REG3 family members compromises the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Here, we demonstrate that overproduction of REG3 proteins can also be detrimental by reducing a protective species in the microbiota. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experiencing flares displayed heightened levels of secreted REG3 proteins that mediated depletion of Enterococcus faecium (Efm) from the gut microbiota. Efm inoculation of mice ameliorated intestinal inflammation through activation of the innate immune receptor NOD2, which was associated with the bacterial DL-endopeptidase SagA that generates NOD2-stimulating muropeptides. NOD2 activation in myeloid cells induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion to increase the proportion of IL-22-producing CD4+ T helper cells and innate lymphoid cells that promote tissue repair. Finally, Efm was unable to protect mice carrying a NOD2 gene variant commonly found in IBD patients. Our findings demonstrate that inflammation self-perpetuates by causing aberrant antimicrobial activity that disrupts symbiotic relationships with gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ku Jang
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Thomas Heaney
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mariya London
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Gregory Putzel
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Frank Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Defne Ercelen
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ying-Han Chen
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jordan Axelrad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sakteesh Gurunathan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Magdalena Podkowik
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Natalia Arguelles
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anusha Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bo Shopsin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victor J Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - A Marijke Keestra-Gounder
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alejandro Pironti
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matthew E Griffin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Howard C Hang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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4
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Jang KK, Heaney T, London M, Ding Y, Yeung F, Ercelen D, Chen YH, Axelrad J, Gurunathan S, Marijke Keestra-Gounder A, Griffin ME, Hang HC, Cadwell K. Antimicrobial overproduction sustains intestinal inflammation by inhibiting Enterococcus colonization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.29.526128. [PMID: 36778381 PMCID: PMC9915521 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.29.526128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Loss of antimicrobial proteins such as REG3 family members compromises the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Here, we demonstrate that overproduction of REG3 proteins can also be detrimental by reducing a protective species in the microbiota. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experiencing flares displayed heightened levels of secreted REG3 proteins that mediated depletion of Enterococcus faecium ( Efm ) from the gut microbiota. Efm inoculation of mice ameliorated intestinal inflammation through activation of the innate immune receptor NOD2, which was associated with the bacterial DL-endopeptidase SagA. Microbiota sensing by NOD2 in myeloid cells mediated IL-1β secretion and increased the proportion of IL-22-producing CD4 + T helper cells and innate lymphoid cells. Finally, Efm was unable to protect mice carrying a NOD2 gene variant commonly found in IBD patients. Our findings demonstrate that inflammation self-perpetuates by causing aberrant antimicrobial activity that disrupts symbiotic relationships with gut microbes.
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5
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Dubé JY, McIntosh F, Behr MA. Mice Dually Disrupted for Nod2 and Mincle Manifest Early Bacteriological Control but Late Susceptibility During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:862992. [PMID: 35418999 PMCID: PMC8995500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.862992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors Mincle and NOD2 have been implicated in mycobacterial immunity. However, knockout (KO) animal infection studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have had mild/delayed phenotypes. Given that genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases can be polygenic, we hypothesized that murine double knockout (DKO) of Mincle and Nod2 would result in exacerbation of altered immunity to mycobacterial infection leading to a more extreme phenotype than either KO alone. To test this hypothesis, we monitored bacterial burden, immune responses and survival following in vivo infections with Mtb in DKO mice for comparison to wildtype (WT) and single KOs. Bacterial burden and immune responses were not significantly affected at 3 and 6 weeks after infection in all mutant mice. At later timepoints, Nod2-KO mice had reduced survival compared to wildtype mice, and Mincle-KO survival was intermediate. Unexpectedly, dual disruption had no further effect; rather, DKO mice phenocopied Nod2-KO mice. We observed that Mtb-related death, exclusively in mice with disrupted Nod2, was accompanied by greater pulmonary cell death and distinct large necrotic foci. Therefore, determining how these receptors contribute to mycobacterial resistance will require analysis of immunophenotypes and their consequences on host pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Dubé
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fiona McIntosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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6
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Cooper TK, Meyerholz DK, Beck AP, Delaney MA, Piersigilli A, Southard TL, Brayton CF. Research-Relevant Conditions and Pathology of Laboratory Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters, Naked Mole Rats, and Rabbits. ILAR J 2022; 62:77-132. [PMID: 34979559 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals are valuable resources in biomedical research in investigations of biological processes, disease pathogenesis, therapeutic interventions, safety, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Interpretation of data from animals requires knowledge not only of the processes or diseases (pathophysiology) under study but also recognition of spontaneous conditions and background lesions (pathology) that can influence or confound the study results. Species, strain/stock, sex, age, anatomy, physiology, spontaneous diseases (noninfectious and infectious), and neoplasia impact experimental results and interpretation as well as animal welfare. This review and the references selected aim to provide a pathology resource for researchers, pathologists, and veterinary personnel who strive to achieve research rigor and validity and must understand the spectrum of "normal" and expected conditions to accurately identify research-relevant experimental phenotypes as well as unusual illness, pathology, or other conditions that can compromise studies involving laboratory mice, rats, gerbils, guinea pigs, hamsters, naked mole rats, and rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Amanda P Beck
- Department of Pathology, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Martha A Delaney
- Zoological Pathology Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology and the Genetically Modified Animal Phenotyping Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Teresa L Southard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Cory F Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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7
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Abstract
The inbred mouse strain C57BL/6 has been widely used as a background strain for spontaneous and induced mutations. Developed in the 1930s, the C57BL/6 strain
diverged into two major groups in the 1950s, namely, C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N, and more than 20 substrains have been established from them worldwide. We previously
reported genetic differences among C57BL/6 substrains in 2009 and 2015. Since then, dozens of reports have been published on phenotypic differences in
behavioral, neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic traits. Substrains need to be chosen according to the purpose of the study because phenotypic
differences might affect the experimental results. In this paper, we review recent reports of phenotypic and genetic differences among C57BL/6 substrains, focus
our attention on the proper use of C57BL/6 and other inbred strains in the era of genome editing, and provide the life science research community wider
knowledge about this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Mekada
- Department of Zoology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan.,Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshiki
- Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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8
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Patkar OL, Caruso M, Teakle N, Keshvari S, Bush SJ, Pridans C, Belmer A, Summers KM, Irvine KM, Hume DA. Analysis of homozygous and heterozygous Csf1r knockout in the rat as a model for understanding microglial function in brain development and the impacts of human CSF1R mutations. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 151:105268. [PMID: 33450391 PMCID: PMC7941205 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the human CSF1R gene have been associated with dominant and recessive forms of neurodegenerative disease. Here we describe the impacts of Csf1r mutation in the rat on development of the brain. Diffusion imaging indicated small reductions in major fiber tracts that may be associated in part with ventricular enlargement. RNA-seq profiling revealed a set of 105 microglial markers depleted in all brain regions of the Csf1rko rats. There was no evidence of region or sex-specific expression of microglia-associated transcripts. Other than the microglial signature, Csf1rko had no effect on any neuronal or region-specific transcript cluster. Expression of markers of oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, dopaminergic neurons and Purkinje cells was minimally affected. However, there were defects in dendritic arborization of doublecortin-positive neurogenic precursors and expression of poly-sialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PS-NCAM) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Heterozygous Csf1rko rats had no detectable brain phenotype. We conclude that most brain developmental processes occur normally in the absence of microglia and that CSF1R haploinsufficiency is unlikely to cause leukoencephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar L Patkar
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie Caruso
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ngari Teakle
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J Bush
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Clare Pridans
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arnauld Belmer
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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9
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Tonelli Gombalová Z, Košuth J, Alexovič Matiašová A, Zrubáková J, Žežula I, Giallongo T, Di Giulio AM, Carelli S, Tomašková L, Daxnerová Z, Ševc J. Majority of cerebrospinal fluid‐contacting neurons in the spinal cord of
C57Bl/6N
mice is present in ectopic position unlike in other studied experimental mice strains and mammalian species. J Comp Neurol 2020; 528:2523-2550. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Tonelli Gombalová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Košuth
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Anna Alexovič Matiašová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Jarmila Zrubáková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Žežula
- Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Toniella Giallongo
- Laboratories of Pharmacology, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi", L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Anna Maria Di Giulio
- Laboratories of Pharmacology, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi", L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Laboratories of Pharmacology, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi", L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Lenka Tomašková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Daxnerová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Ševc
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of ScienceP.J. Šafárik University in Košice Košice Slovak Republic
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10
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Dubé JY, McIntosh F, Zarruk JG, David S, Nigou J, Behr MA. Synthetic mycobacterial molecular patterns partially complete Freund's adjuvant. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5874. [PMID: 32246076 PMCID: PMC7125112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) has historically been one of the most useful tools of immunologists. Essentially comprised of dead mycobacteria and mineral oil, we asked ourselves what is special about the mycobacterial part of this adjuvant, and could it be recapitulated synthetically? Here, we demonstrate the essentiality of N-glycolylated peptidoglycan plus trehalose dimycolate (both unique in mycobacteria) for the complete adjuvant effect using knockouts and chemical complementation. A combination of synthetic N-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide and minimal trehalose dimycolate motif GlcC14C18 was able to upregulate dendritic cell effectors, plus induce experimental autoimmunity qualitatively similar but quantitatively milder compared to CFA. This research outlines how to substitute CFA with a consistent, molecularly-defined adjuvant which may inform the design of immunotherapeutic agents and vaccines benefitting from cell-mediated immunity. We also anticipate using synthetic microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to study mycobacterial immunity and immunopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Dubé
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada.
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Fiona McIntosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Juan G Zarruk
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Samuel David
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada.
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada.
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11
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Peters DE, Norris LD, Slusher BS. Spontaneous Loss-of-Function Dock2 Mutation Alters Murine Colitis Sensitivity and Is a Confounding Variable in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundDextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis is the most commonly used mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to its acute nature, reproducibility, and phenotypic overlap with human disease. Following an unexpected and sharp decline in DSS-induced colitis susceptibility in our commercially acquired C57Bl/6 wild-type mice, we discovered that a spontaneous loss-of-function mutation in dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (Dock2Hsd) was responsible. Presence of this mutation in research colonies has the capacity to broadly impact preclinical IBD studies.MethodsDSS-colitis was induced in weight-, age-, and gender-matched C57Bl/6NHsd mice. Daily treatment with vehicle or the glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) inhibitor, 2-PMPA (100 mg/kg IP), was performed and disease activity index was monitored. At termination, colon GCPII activity was measured.ResultsDSS-treated Dock2Hsd mice developed more severe colitis, had significantly increased colon GCPII activity and were more sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of GCPII.ConclusionsThe Dock2Hsd mutation is a confounding variable of high relevance to the IBD research community. Dock2Hsd mice were distributed as wild-type C57Bl/6 for multiple years and thus it is unknown how prevalent this mutation is in investigator-maintained colonies of C57Bl/6-derived mice. In our research, presence of the Dock2Hsd mutation caused enhanced GCPII colon activity more closely resembling human disease, providing a useful platform for screening GCPII inhibitors for preclinical efficacy. However, unanticipated presence of Dock2Hsd in genetically modified mice used to study IBD pathobiology can confound conclusions. Thus, care must be taken when interpreting studies performed in mice of C57Bl/6 lineage where Dock2 status is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Peters
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lauren D Norris
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Chisolm DA, Cheng W, Colburn SA, Silva-Sanchez A, Meza-Perez S, Randall TD, Weinmann AS. Defining Genetic Variation in Widely Used Congenic and Backcrossed Mouse Models Reveals Varied Regulation of Genes Important for Immune Responses. Immunity 2019; 51:155-168.e5. [PMID: 31248780 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation influences how the genome is interpreted in individuals and in mouse strains used to model immune responses. We developed approaches to utilize next-generation sequencing datasets to identify sequence variation in genes and enhancer elements in congenic and backcross mouse models. We defined genetic variation in the widely used B6-CD45.2 and B6.SJL-CD45.1 congenic model, identifying substantial differences in SJL genetic content retained in B6.SJL-CD45.1 strains on the basis of the vendor source of the mice. Genes encoding PD-1, CD62L, Bcl-2, cathepsin E, and Cxcr4 were within SJL genetic content in at least one vendor source of B6.SJL-CD45.1 mice. SJL genetic content affected enhancer elements, gene regulation, protein expression, and amino acid content in CD4+ T helper 1 cells, and mice infected with influenza showed reduced expression of Cxcr4 on B6.SJL-CD45.1 T follicular helper cells. These findings provide information on experimental variables and aid in creating approaches that account for genetic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A Chisolm
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Wayne Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shelby A Colburn
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aaron Silva-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Selene Meza-Perez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Troy D Randall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Amy S Weinmann
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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