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Subramani PG, Fraszczak J, Helness A, Estall JL, Möröy T, Di Noia JM. Conserved role of hnRNPL in alternative splicing of epigenetic modifiers enables B cell activation. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2662-2697. [PMID: 38744970 PMCID: PMC11169469 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional RNA-binding protein hnRNPL is implicated in antibody class switching but its broader function in B cells is unknown. Here, we show that hnRNPL is essential for B cell activation, germinal center formation, and antibody responses. Upon activation, hnRNPL-deficient B cells show proliferation defects and increased apoptosis. Comparative analysis of RNA-seq data from activated B cells and another eight hnRNPL-depleted cell types reveals common effects on MYC and E2F transcriptional programs required for proliferation. Notably, while individual gene expression changes are cell type specific, several alternative splicing events affecting histone modifiers like KDM6A and SIRT1, are conserved across cell types. Moreover, hnRNPL-deficient B cells show global changes in H3K27me3 and H3K9ac. Epigenetic dysregulation after hnRNPL loss could underlie differential gene expression and upregulation of lncRNAs, and explain common and cell type-specific phenotypes, such as dysfunctional mitochondria and ROS overproduction in mouse B cells. Thus, hnRNPL is essential for the resting-to-activated B cell transition by regulating transcriptional programs and metabolism, at least in part through the alternative splicing of several histone modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorani Ganesh Subramani
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Fraszczak
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Anne Helness
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boul Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boul Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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Li Q, Yang C, Liu C, Zhang Y, An N, Ma X, Zheng Y, Cui X, Li Q. The circulating IL-35 + regulatory B cells are associated with thyroid associated opthalmopathy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1304. [PMID: 38804861 PMCID: PMC11131934 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is the most common orbital disease in adults, potentially leading to disfigurement and visual impairment. However, the causes of TAO are not fully understood. IL-35+B cells are a newly identified regulatory B cells (Bregs) in maintaining immune balance in various autoimmune diseases. Yet, the influence of IL-35+Bregs in TAO remains unexplored. METHODS This study enrolled 36 healthy individuals and 14 TAO patients. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and stimulated them with IL-35 and CpG for 48 h. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentages of IL-35+Bregs. RESULTS The percentage of circulating IL-35+Bregs was higher in TAO patients, and this increase correlated positively with disease activity. IL-35 significantly increased the generation of IL-35+Bregs in healthy individuals. However, B cells from TAO patients exhibited potential impairment in transitioning into IL-35+Breg phenotype under IL-35 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a potential role of IL-35+Bregs in the development of TAO, opening new avenues for understanding disease mechanisms and developing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Cuixia Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Cheng Liu
- Medical Science Research Institution of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionMedical Sci‐Tech Research Center of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Ningyu An
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Xiumei Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Xiaomin Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionThe Third Affiliated Clinical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina
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Higuchi R, Tanaka K, Saito Y, Murakami D, Nakagawa T, Nutt SL, Ohkawa Y, Baba Y. Type I interferon promotes the fate of Toll-like receptor 9-stimulated follicular B cells to plasma cell differentiation. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae152. [PMID: 38659975 PMCID: PMC11042664 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The activation and differentiation of B cells into plasma cells (PCs) play critical roles in the immune response to infections and autoimmune diseases. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) responds to bacterial and viral DNA containing unmethylated CpG motifs and triggers immune responses in B cells; however, abnormal recognition of self-DNA by TLR9 can cause autoimmune diseases. When stimulated with TLR9 agonists, follicular (FO) B cells, a subset of B cells residing in the FO regions of secondary lymphoid organs, exhibit a propensity for activation but fail to give rise to PCs. The factors that enable the transition of TLR9-activated FO B cells from activation to differentiation into PCs remain unclear. In this study, we show that type I interferon-alpha (IFNα) signaling causes FO B cells activated by CpG stimulation to differentiate into PCs. Although CpG stimulation alone only temporarily increased interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) expression in FO B cells, co-stimulation with both CpG and IFNα enhanced and maintained high IRF4 expression levels, ultimately enabling the cells to differentiate into PCs. Overexpression of IRF4 in FO B cells results in CpG-induced PC transition without IFN signaling. Furthermore, co-stimulation of TLR9 and IFNα receptors significantly enhanced mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which regulates IRF4 expression and PC generation. These findings suggest that IFNα may play a key role in promoting the fate of PC differentiation in FO B cells activated by TLR9 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Higuchi
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murakami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Goodarzi V, Nouri S, Nassaj ZS, Bighash M, Abbasian S, Hagh RA. Long non coding RNAs reveal important pathways in childhood asthma: a future perspective. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:257-269. [PMID: 37537509 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs refers changes that occur in conjunction with, or as a result of, chronic airway inflammation. Airway remodeling the subsequent of inflammation constitutes cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the wall airways, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. Diseases often begin in childhood and despite extensive research, causative pathogenic mechanisms still remain unclear. Transcriptome analysis of childhood asthma reveals distinct gene expression profiles of Long noncoding RNAs which have been reported to play a central regulatory role in various aspects of pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of asthma. We briefly review current understanding of lnc-RNA dysregulation in children with asthma, focusing on their complex role in the inflammation, cell proliferation and remodeling of airway to guide future researches. We found that the lnc-RNAs increases activity of several oncogenes such c-Myc, Akt, and ERK and various signaling pathways such as MAPK (PI3K, Ras, JNK and p38), NF-κB and Wnt and crosstalk between these pathways by TGFβ, β-catenin, ERK and SKP2. Moreover, two different signal transduction pathways, Wnt and Notch1, can be activated by two lnc-RNAs through sponging the same miRNA for exacerbation cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Goodarzi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rasoul-Akram Medical Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Nouri
- Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zohre Saleh Nassaj
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Bighash
- Bachelor of Nursing, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvn, Iran
| | - Sadegh Abbasian
- Department of Laboratory Science, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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5
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Qi J, Liu J, Zhao X, Huang H, Tang Y, Li X. IL-27 enhances peripheral B cell glycolysis of rheumatoid arthritis patients via activating mTOR signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110532. [PMID: 37354782 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study found that increased serum IL-27 could promote rheumatoid arthritis (RA) B cell dysfunction via activating mTOR signaling pathway. This study aimed to explore the effects of IL-27 on B cell metabolism and clarify the mechanisms via which IL-27 enhancing glycolysis to induce B cells hyperactivation. Peripheral CD19+ B cells were purified from healthy controls (HC) and RA patients and then cultured with or without anti-CD40/CpG and glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Furthermore, the isolated CD19+ B cells were treated by HC serum or RA serum in the presence and absence of recombinant human IL-27 or anti-IL-27 neutralizing antibodies or 2-DG or rapamycin. The B cell glycolysis level, proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory actions were detected by qPCR, flow cytometry or ELISA. We found that the glycolysis in RA B cells was increased significantly compared with HC B cells. Glycolysis inhibition downregulated the proliferation, differentiation, and inflammatory actions of RA B cells. RA serum and IL-27 promoted B cell glycolysis, which could be obviously rescued by anti-IL-27 antibodies or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Our results suggest that the enhanced cellular glycolysis of RA B cells induced by IL-27 may contribute to B cells hyperactivation through activating the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qi
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangge Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huina Huang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Tang
- Department of Flow Cytometry Center, Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Zuo Z, Kania AK, Patterson DG, Hicks SL, Maurer J, Gupta M, Boss JM, Scharer CD. CRISPR/Cas9 editing reveals IRF8 regulated gene signatures restraining plasmablast differentiation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17527. [PMID: 37416674 PMCID: PMC10320122 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is involved in maintaining B cell identity. However, how IRF8 regulates T cell independent B cell responses are not fully characterized. Here, an in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 system was optimized to generate Irf8-deficient murine B cells and used to determine the role of IRF8 in B cells responding to LPS stimulation. Irf8-deficient B cells more readily formed CD138+ plasmablasts in response to LPS with the principal dysregulation occurring at the activated B cell stage. Transcriptional profiling revealed an upregulation of plasma cell associated genes prematurely in activated B cells and a failure to repress the gene expression programs of IRF1 and IRF7 in Irf8-deficient cells. These data expand on the known roles of IRF8 in regulating B cell identity by preventing premature plasma cell formation and highlight how IRF8 helps evolve TLR responses away from the initial activation towards those driving humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Current Address: Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Anna K. Kania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dillon G. Patterson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sakeenah L. Hicks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeffrey Maurer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mansi Gupta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Christopher D. Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Chen K, Tang L, Nong X. Artesunate targets cellular metabolism to regulate the Th17/Treg cell balance. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1037-1050. [PMID: 37024544 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic reprogramming is one of the important mechanisms of cell differentiation, and different cells have different preferences for energy sources. During the differentiation of naive CD4 + T cells into Th17 and Treg cells, these cells show specific energy metabolism characteristics. Th17 cells depend on enhanced glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, and glutaminolysis. In contrast, Treg cells are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and amino acid depletion. As a potent antimalarial drug, artesunate has been shown to modulate the Th17/Treg imbalance and regulate cell metabolism. METHODOLOGY Relevant literatures on ART, cellular metabolism, glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, CD4 + T cells, Th17 cells, and Treg cells published from January 1, 2010 to now were searched in PubMed database. CONCLUSION In this review, we will highlight recent advances in which artesunate can restore the Th17/Treg imbalance in disease states by altering T-cell metabolism to influence differentiation and lineage selection. Data from the current study show that few studies have focused on the effect of ART on cellular metabolism. ART can affect the metabolic characteristics of T cells (glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and interfere with their differentiation lineage, thereby regulating the balance of Th17/Treg and alleviating the symptoms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liying Tang
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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8
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Gauthier J, Grégoire M, Reizine F, Lesouhaitier M, Desvois Y, Ghukasyan G, Moreau C, Amé P, Tarte K, Tadié JM, Delaloy C. Citrulline enteral administration markedly reduces immunosuppressive extrafollicular plasma cell differentiation in a preclinical model of sepsis. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250154. [PMID: 36564641 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The sustained immunosuppression associated with severe sepsis favors an increased susceptibility to secondary infections and remains incompletely understood. Plasmablast and plasma cell subsets, whose primary function is to secrete antibodies, have emerged as important suppressive populations that expand during sepsis. In particular, sepsis supports CD39hi plasmablast metabolic reprogramming associated with adenosine-mediated suppressive activity. Arginine deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of secondary infections in sepsis. Overcoming arginine shortage by citrulline administration efficiently improves sepsis-induced immunosuppression and secondary infections in the cecal ligation and puncture murine model. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of citrulline administration on B cell suppressive responses in sepsis. We demonstrate that restoring arginine bioavailability through citrulline administration markedly reduces the dominant extrafollicular B cell response, decreasing the immunosuppressive LAG3+ and CD39+ plasma cell populations, and restoring splenic follicles. At the molecular level, the IRF4/MYC-mediated B cell reprogramming required for extrafollicular plasma cell differentiation is shunted in the splenic B cells of mice fed with citrulline. Our study reveals a prominent impact of nutrition on B cell responses and plasma cell differentiation and further supports the development of citrulline-based clinical studies to prevent sepsis-associated immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murielle Grégoire
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
| | - Florian Reizine
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Lesouhaitier
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Yoni Desvois
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
| | | | - Caroline Moreau
- CHU Rennes, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET, UMR S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Patricia Amé
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
| | - Karin Tarte
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Marc Tadié
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, SITI Laboratory, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
- CHU Rennes, Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Céline Delaloy
- UMR INSERM S1236, LabEx IGO, Univ Rennes, EFS, Rennes, France
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9
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Chen Y, León-Letelier RA, Abdel Sater AH, Vykoukal J, Dennison JB, Hanash S, Fahrmann JF. c-MYC-Driven Polyamine Metabolism in Ovarian Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Early Detection and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:623. [PMID: 36765581 PMCID: PMC9913358 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
c-MYC and its paralogues MYCN and MYCL are among the most frequently amplified and/or overexpressed oncoproteins in ovarian cancer. c-MYC plays a key role in promoting ovarian cancer initiation and progression. The polyamine pathway is a bona fide target of c-MYC signaling, and polyamine metabolism is strongly intertwined with ovarian malignancy. Targeting of the polyamine pathway via small molecule inhibitors has garnered considerable attention as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. Herein, we discuss the involvement of c-MYC signaling and that of its paralogues in promoting ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. We highlight the potential of targeting c-MYC-driven polyamine metabolism for the treatment of ovarian cancers and the utility of polyamine signatures in biofluids for early detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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10
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Trezise S, Kong IY, Hawkins ED, Herold MJ, Willis SN, Nutt SL. An arrayed CRISPR screen of primary B cells reveals the essential elements of the antibody secretion pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1089243. [PMID: 36860866 PMCID: PMC9969136 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1089243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Humoral immunity depends on the differentiation of B cells into antibody secreting cells (ASCs). Excess or inappropriate ASC differentiation can lead to antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases, while impaired differentiation results in immunodeficiency. Methods We have used CRISPR/Cas9 technology in primary B cells to screen for regulators of terminal differentiation and antibody production. Results We identified several new positive (Sec61a1, Hspa5) and negative (Arhgef18, Pold1, Pax5, Ets1) regulators that impacted on the differentiation process. Other genes limited the proliferative capacity of activated B cells (Sumo2, Vcp, Selk). The largest number of genes identified in this screen (35) were required for antibody secretion. These included genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and the unfolded protein response, as well as post-translational protein modifications. Discussion The genes identified in this study represent weak links in the antibody-secretion pathway that are potential drug targets for antibody-mediated diseases, as well as candidates for genes whose mutation results in primary immune deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Trezise
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Isabella Y Kong
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon N Willis
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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11
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Tang TF, Chan YT, Cheong HC, Cheok YY, Anuar NA, Looi CY, Gan GG, Wong WF. Regulatory network of BLIMP1, IRF4, and XBP1 triad in plasmacytic differentiation and multiple myeloma pathogenesis. Cell Immunol 2022; 380:104594. [PMID: 36081178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibody secreting plasma cell plays an indispensable role in humoral immunity. As activated B cell undergoes germinal center reaction and develops into plasma cell, it gradually loses B cell characteristics and embraces functional changes associated with immunoglobulins production. Differentiation of B cell into plasma cell involves drastic changes in cell structure, granularity, metabolism, gene expression and epigenetic regulation that couple with the mounting capacity for synthesis of a large quantity of antigen-specific antibodies. The interplay between three hallmark transcriptional regulators IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1, is critical for supporting the cellular reprograming activities during B to plasma cell transition. IRF4 promotes plasma cell generation by directing immunoglobulin class switching, proliferation and survival; BLIMP1 serves as a transcriptional repressor that extinguishes B cell features; whereas XBP1 controls unfolded protein response that relieves endoplasmic reticulum stress and permits antibody release during terminal differentiation. Intriguingly, high expression of IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1 molecules have been reported in myeloma cells derived from multiple myeloma patients, which negatively impact treatment outcome, prognosis, and relapse frequency. Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs in recent years, multiple myeloma is still an incurable disease with poor survival rate. An in-depth review of IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1 triad molecules in plasma cell generation and multiple myeloma tumorigenesis may provide clues to the possibility of targeting these molecules in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Teng Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Heng Choon Cheong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ying Cheok
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Adila Anuar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Bioscience, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gin Gin Gan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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12
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Lee JL, Fra‐Bido SC, Burton AR, Innocentin S, Hill DL, Linterman MA. B cell-intrinsic changes with age do not impact antibody-secreting cell formation but delay B cell participation in the germinal centre reaction. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13692. [PMID: 35980826 PMCID: PMC9470890 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines typically protect against (re)infections by generating pathogen-neutralising antibodies. However, as we age, antibody-secreting cell formation and vaccine-induced antibody titres are reduced. Antibody-secreting plasma cells differentiate from B cells either early post-vaccination through the extrafollicular response or from the germinal centre (GC) reaction, which generates long-lived antibody-secreting cells. As the formation of both the extrafollicular antibody response and the GC requires the interaction of multiple cell types, the impaired antibody response in ageing could be caused by B cell intrinsic or extrinsic factors, or a combination of the two. Here, we show that B cells from older people do not have intrinsic defects in their proliferation and differentiation into antibody-secreting cells in vitro compared to those from the younger donors. However, adoptive transfer of B cells from aged mice to young recipient mice showed that differentiation into extrafollicular plasma cells was favoured at the expense of B cells entering the GC during the early stages of GC formation. In contrast, by the peak of the GC response, GC B cells derived from the donor cells of aged mice had expanded to the same extent as those from the younger donors. This indicates that age-related intrinsic B cell changes delay the GC response but are not responsible for the impaired antibody-secreting response or smaller peak GC response in ageing. Collectively, this study shows that B cells from aged individuals are not intrinsically defective in responding to stimulation and becoming antibody-secreting cells, implicating B cell-extrinsic factors as the primary cause of age-associated impairment in the humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Le Lee
- Immunology ProgramBabraham InstituteCambridgeUK
| | | | | | | | - Danika L. Hill
- Immunology ProgramBabraham InstituteCambridgeUK,Department of Immunology and PathologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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13
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Nadeu F, Royo R, Massoni-Badosa R, Playa-Albinyana H, Garcia-Torre B, Duran-Ferrer M, Dawson KJ, Kulis M, Diaz-Navarro A, Villamor N, Melero JL, Chapaprieta V, Dueso-Barroso A, Delgado J, Moia R, Ruiz-Gil S, Marchese D, Giró A, Verdaguer-Dot N, Romo M, Clot G, Rozman M, Frigola G, Rivas-Delgado A, Baumann T, Alcoceba M, González M, Climent F, Abrisqueta P, Castellví J, Bosch F, Aymerich M, Enjuanes A, Ruiz-Gaspà S, López-Guillermo A, Jares P, Beà S, Capella-Gutierrez S, Gelpí JL, López-Bigas N, Torrents D, Campbell PJ, Gut I, Rossi D, Gaidano G, Puente XS, Garcia-Roves PM, Colomer D, Heyn H, Maura F, Martín-Subero JI, Campo E. Detection of early seeding of Richter transformation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Nat Med 2022; 28:1662-1671. [PMID: 35953718 PMCID: PMC9388377 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Richter transformation (RT) is a paradigmatic evolution of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) into a very aggressive large B cell lymphoma conferring a dismal prognosis. The mechanisms driving RT remain largely unknown. We characterized the whole genome, epigenome and transcriptome, combined with single-cell DNA/RNA-sequencing analyses and functional experiments, of 19 cases of CLL developing RT. Studying 54 longitudinal samples covering up to 19 years of disease course, we uncovered minute subclones carrying genomic, immunogenetic and transcriptomic features of RT cells already at CLL diagnosis, which were dormant for up to 19 years before transformation. We also identified new driver alterations, discovered a new mutational signature (SBS-RT), recognized an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)high–B cell receptor (BCR)low-signaling transcriptional axis in RT and showed that OXPHOS inhibition reduces the proliferation of RT cells. These findings demonstrate the early seeding of subclones driving advanced stages of cancer evolution and uncover potential therapeutic targets for RT. Single-cell genomic and transcriptomic analyses of longitudinal samples of patients with Richter syndrome reveal the presence and dynamics of clones driving transformation from chronic lymphocytic leukemia years before clinical manifestation
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Nadeu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Romina Royo
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Massoni-Badosa
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heribert Playa-Albinyana
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Garcia-Torre
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Duran-Ferrer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Kulis
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ander Diaz-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Neus Villamor
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Chapaprieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Julio Delgado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Moia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Ruiz-Gil
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domenica Marchese
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Giró
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Verdaguer-Dot
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Romo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Clot
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rozman
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Rivas-Delgado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tycho Baumann
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fina Climent
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Abrisqueta
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Castellví
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Bosch
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Aymerich
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Enjuanes
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Ruiz-Gaspà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Armando López-Guillermo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Jares
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Beà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Josep Ll Gelpí
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria López-Bigas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Torrents
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Rossi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Xose S Puente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo M Garcia-Roves
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Colomer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Maura
- Myeloma Service, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - José I Martín-Subero
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elías Campo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain. .,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Kania AK, Price MJ, George-Alexander LE, Patterson DG, Hicks SL, Scharer CD, Boss JM. H3K27me3 Demethylase UTX Restrains Plasma Cell Formation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 208:1873-1885. [PMID: 35346967 PMCID: PMC9012698 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
B cell differentiation is associated with substantial transcriptional, metabolic, and epigenetic remodeling, including redistribution of histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), which is associated with a repressive chromatin state and gene silencing. Although the role of the methyltransferase EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) in B cell fate decisions has been well established, it is not known whether H3K27me3 demethylation is equally important. In this study, we showed that simultaneous genetic deletion of the two H3K27 demethylases UTX and JMJD3 (double-knockout [Utx fl/fl Jmjd3 fl/fl Cd19 cre/+] [dKO]) led to a significant increase in plasma cell (PC) formation after stimulation with the T cell-independent Ags LPS and NP-Ficoll. This phenotype occurred in a UTX-dependent manner as UTX single-knockout mice, but not JMJD3 single-knockout mice, mimicked the dKO. Although UTX- and JMJD3-deficient marginal zone B cells showed increased proliferation, dKO follicular B cells also showed increased PC formation. PCs from dKO mice upregulated genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation and exhibited increased spare respiratory capacity. Mechanistically, deletion of Utx and Jmjd3 resulted in higher levels of H3K27me3 at proapoptotic genes and resulted in reduced apoptosis of dKO PCs in vivo. Furthermore, UTX regulated chromatin accessibility at regions containing ETS and IFN regulatory factor (IRF) transcription factor family motifs, including motifs of known repressors of PC fate. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the H3K27me3 demethylases restrain B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Kania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Madeline J Price
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Dillon G Patterson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sakeenah L Hicks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jeremy M Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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15
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CD40 signaling-mediated delay in terminal differentiation of B cells enables alternate fate choices during early divisions. Mol Immunol 2022; 144:1-15. [PMID: 35149319 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Memory B cells and differentiated plasma cells combine to confer sustained humoral immunity. Nonetheless, we are yet to understand how B cells decide between these fates. Although pan-T cell help augments plasma cell differentiation, signaling via CD40 alone is considered to be inhibitory. Here, we examine the capacity of CD40 signaling to interfere with lipopolysaccharide-induced differentiation. Whereas lipopolysaccharide stimulation yielded only short-lived plasmablasts, co-stimulation of CD40 enhanced activation, proliferation, survival, and isotype-switching, leading to alternate fate choices such as germinal center and memory B cells during early divisions. Contrary to the notion that CD40 signaling simply arrests differentiation, the survivors, at later time points, developed into long-lived mature plasma cells, after progressively losing their ability to get restimulated. Counterintuitively, as constitutive lipopolysaccharide stimulation itself hampered differentiation, we identified that the proliferation potential of cells acted alongside CD40 signaling. Accordingly, we propose a bi-layered regulation of differentiation - CD40 signaling and proliferation potential of cells independently inhibit the commitment to and maturation of differentiation, respectively. Elucidating such cell fate decision mechanisms will aid in better vaccine design and disease management.
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