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Sofeo N, Toi MG, Ee EQG, Ng JY, Busran CT, Lukito BR, Thong A, Hermansen C, Peterson EC, Glitsos R, Arumugam P. Sustainable production of lipids from cocoa fatty acid distillate fermentation driven by adaptive evolution in Yarrowia lipolytica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130302. [PMID: 38199440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Single cell oil production using oleaginous yeasts is a promising alternative to animal and plant-derived lipids. But substrate costs for microbial fermentation are a major bottleneck. Using side streams as alternative to substrates like glucose, for growing yeast, is a potential cost-effective solution. By combining a previously reported process of growing yeasts on a solid cocoa fatty acid distillate side stream with adaptive evolution techniques, the growth of oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was improved by 2-fold. The lipid titre was also boosted by more than 3-fold. Using transcriptomics, key genes were identified that are possibly involved in tailoring of lipid composition, side stream utilisation and enhancement of lipid titres. Candidate genes were also identified that might enable efficient growth and utilization of fatty acids and triacylglycerides found in cocoa fatty acid distillate. In summary, this research has improved the understanding of side stream utilisation for lipid production in oleaginous yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naazneen Sofeo
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
| | - Min Gin Toi
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - En Qi Grace Ee
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jing Yang Ng
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Coleen Toledo Busran
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Benedict Ryan Lukito
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Aaron Thong
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Christian Hermansen
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Eric Charles Peterson
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique - Eau Terre Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 Rue de la Couronne, Quebec City, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Renata Glitsos
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Prakash Arumugam
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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Sharma L, Kahandal A, Kanagare A, Kulkarni A, Tagad CK. The multifaceted nature of plant acid phosphatases: purification, biochemical features, and applications. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2282379. [PMID: 37985663 PMCID: PMC11003492 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2282379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.2) are the enzymes that catalyse transphosphorylation reactions and promotes the hydrolysis of numerous orthophosphate esters in acidic media, as a crucial element for the metabolism of phosphate in tissues. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) utilisation and scavenging, as well as the turnover of Pi-rich sources found in plant vacuoles, are major processes in which intracellular and secretory acid phosphatases function. Therefore, a thorough understanding of these enzymes' structural characteristics, specificity, and physiochemical properties is required to comprehend the function of acid phosphatases in plant energy metabolism. Furthermore, acid phosphatases are gaining increasing importance in industrial biotechnology due to their involvement in transphosphorylation processes and their ability to reduce phosphate levels in food products. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the purification methods employed for isolating acid phosphatases from diverse plant sources, as well as their structural and functional properties. Additionally, the review explores the potential applications of these enzymes in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Sharma
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
| | - Amol Kahandal
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
| | - Anant Kanagare
- Department of Chemistry, Deogiri College, Aurangabad, India
| | - Atul Kulkarni
- Symbiosis Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, India
| | - Chandrakant K. Tagad
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
- Department of Biochemistry, S.B.E.S. College of Science, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, India
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Zaman U, Naz R, Khattak NS, Ur Rehman K, Iqbal A, Ahmad S, Shah LA. Investigating the thermodynamic and kinetics properties of acid phosphatase extracted and purified from seedlings of Chenopodium murale. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1475-1481. [PMID: 33058972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein acid phosphatase isoenzyme was extracted from the C. murale seedlings. The purification was accomplished by chromatographic techniques and passing through DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column. The specific activity of acid phosphatase 5.75 U/mg of protein was obtained with 66 purification fold 15.8% yield and molecular mass was 29 kDa with very faint bands corresponding to 18 kDa and 14 kDa. The maximal activity at pH 5.0 and 50 °C best illustrated by first order kinetics. When temperature was raised (55 °C to 75 °C), the deactivation rate constant was increased from 0.001 to 0.014 min-1, while half-life was decreased from 693 to 49 min-1. The results of activity collected at different temperature were then used to estimate, activation energy of hydrolysis reaction (Ea = 47.59 kJmol-1). A high Z-value (18.86 °C min-1) was obtained indicating a less sensitivity towards temperatures. The residual activity examinations were carried out from 55 °C to 75 °C and assessing the Deactivation Energy (Ed 116.39 kJmol-1), Enthalpy change (ΔH° 113.55kJmol-1), Entropy change (ΔS° 110.33kJmol-1) and change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG° 10.02 kJmol-1). Taken together, thermodynamic parameters confirm the high stability of enzyme and show potential commercial applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umber Zaman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Naz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Noor Saeed Khattak
- Center for Materials Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Khalil Ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Safeer Ahmad
- Center for Materials Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Luqman Ali Shah
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
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Zaman U, Naz R, Rehman KU, Saeed Khattak N, Ahmad S, Iqbal A, Jan SU. Investigating the Impact of Various Parameters On the Activity of Acid Phosphatases from Seedlings of Coronopus didymus. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3201-3210. [PMID: 32551656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The thermal stability of purified acid phosphatase from the germinating seedlings of Coronopus didymus (Jangli halon) was investigated by studying the impact of various thermodynamic parameters [t1/2, Ed, ΔH° (enthalpy change), ΔG° (free energy change), and ΔS° (entropy change)] of heat treatment in the temperature range of 55-75 °C. The thermal denaturation of acid phosphatase, assessed by loss in activity, was evidently followed by first-order kinetics, which varies with time and yield during the process of denaturation. The half-life of the enzyme was 693 min at 55 °C. The Ed (activation energy of denaturation) was calculated by the Arrhenius plot (30 kcal mol-1), and the Z-value was 17.3 °C. The various thermodynamic parameters studied were as follows: ΔH°, the change in enthalpy of inactivation, was 121.93 kJ mol-1 at 55 °C; ΔG°, the change in free energy of inactivation, was 110.65 kJ mol-1 at 55 °C; and ΔS°, the change in entropy of inactivation, was 34.39 J mol-1 k-1 at 55 °C. This suggests that acid phosphatase activity is thermostable to long heat treatment up to 60 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umber Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Noor Saeed Khattak
- Centre for Materials Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Safeer Ahmad
- Centre for Materials Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah Jan
- Centre for Materials Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
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Bállega E, Carballar R, Samper B, Ricco N, Ribeiro MP, Bru S, Jiménez J, Clotet J. Comprehensive and quantitative analysis of G1 cyclins. A tool for studying the cell cycle. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218531. [PMID: 31237904 PMCID: PMC6592645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the cell cycle is driven by the actions of several cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and an array of regulatory proteins called cyclins, due to the cyclical expression patterns of the latter. In yeast, the accepted pattern of cyclin waves is based on qualitative studies performed by different laboratories using different strain backgrounds, different growing conditions and media, and different kinds of genetic manipulation. Additionally, only the subset of cyclins regulating Cdc28 was included, while the Pho85 cyclins were excluded. We describe a comprehensive, quantitative and accurate blueprint of G1 cyclins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that, in addition to validating previous conclusions, yields new findings and establishes an accurate G1 cyclin blueprint. For the purposes of this research, we produced a collection of strains with all G1 cyclins identically tagged using the same and most respectful procedure possible. We report the contribution of each G1 cyclin for a broad array of growing and stress conditions, describe an unknown role for Pcl2 in heat-stress conditions and demonstrate the importance of maintaining the 3’UTR sequence of cyclins untouched during the tagging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Bállega
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reyes Carballar
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Samper
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Ricco
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana P. Ribeiro
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel Bru
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Jiménez
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJ); (JC)
| | - Josep Clotet
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJ); (JC)
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Padkina MV, Sambuk EV. Prospects for the Application of Yeast Display in Biotechnology and Cell Biology (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683818040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Tagad CK, Sabharwal SG. Purification and characterization of acid phosphatase from Macrotyloma uiflorum seeds. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 55:313-320. [PMID: 29358824 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2941-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Acid phosphatases play a crucial role in food processing industries to reduce phosphate content of food. Here in acid phosphatase from the seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum has been purified to homogeneity using UNOsphere-S cation exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration with 81.85 fold purification. Molecular weight of purified enzyme was 55,000 (± 1040) Daltons under physiological conditions. It was a heterodimer of subunits having molecular weights 27,093 and 28,241 Daltons as determined by MALDI-TOF analysis. The optimum pH and temperature for the purified enzyme was 5.0 and 50 °C respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range 3.5-5.5 and showed temperature stability up to 60 °C. Substrate specificity of enzyme was checked with different substrates namely, p-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP), ATP, ADP, glucose 6-phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, phenyl phosphate, α-naphthyl-phosphate, pyridoxyl phosphate and β-glycerophosphate. Enzyme showed high substrate specificity towards p-NPP, phenyl phosphate, ATP and α-naphthyl phosphate. Km and Vmax of enzyme were found to be 0.934 mM and 1.333 mM/min respectively with respect to p-NPP as a substrate. Chemical modification studies showed that tryptophan was present at the active site of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakant K Tagad
- 1Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India.,2Centre for Sensor Studies, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India.,MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences and Research, MIT ADT University, Pune, 412201 India
| | - Sushma G Sabharwal
- 1Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
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Anand A, Srivastava PK. A molecular description of acid phosphatase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:2174-97. [PMID: 22684363 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acid phosphatase is ubiquitous in distribution in various organisms. Although it catalyzes simple hydrolytic reactions, it is considered as an interesting enzyme in biological systems due to its involvement in different physiological activities. However, earlier reviews on acid phosphatase reveal some fragmentary information and do not give a holistic view on this enzyme. So, the present review summarizes studies on biochemical properties, structure, catalytic mechanism, and applications of acid phosphatase. Recent advancement of acid phosphatase in agricultural and clinical fields is emphasized where it is presented as potent agent for sustainable agricultural practices and diagnostic marker in bone metabolic disorders. Also, its significance in prostate cancer therapies as a therapeutic target has been discussed. At the end, current studies and prospects of immobilized acid phosphatase are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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