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Pujol A, Sanchis P, Tamayo MI, Nicolau J, Grases F, Espino A, Estremera A, Rigo E, Amengual GJ, Rodríguez M, Ribes JL, Gomila I, Simó-Servat O, Masmiquel L. Oral phytate supplementation on the progression of mild cognitive impairment, brain iron deposition and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a concept paper for a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial (the PHYND trial). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1332237. [PMID: 38872972 PMCID: PMC11169791 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1332237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a worldwide prevalence of 10.5% in the adult population (20-79 years), and by 2045, the prevalence is expected to keep rising to one in eight adults living with diabetes. Mild cognitive impairment has a global prevalence of 19.7% in adults aged 50 years. Both conditions have shown a concerning increase in prevalence rates over the past 10 years, highlighting a growing public health challenge. Future forecasts indicate that the prevalence of dementia (no estimations done for individuals with mild cognitive impairment) is expected to nearly triple by 2050. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the development of cognitive impairment, and such impairment increase the likelihood of poor glycemic/metabolic control. High phytate intake has been shown to be a protective factor against the development of cognitive impairment in observational studies. Diary phytate intake might reduce the micro- and macrovascular complications of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through different mechanisms. We describe the protocol of the first trial (the PHYND trial) that evaluate the effect of daily phytate supplementation over 56 weeks with a two-arm double-blind placebo-controlled study on the progression of mild cognitive impairment, cerebral iron deposition, and retinal involvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our hypothesis proposes that phytate, by inhibiting advanced glycation end product formation and chelating transition metals, will improve cognitive function and attenuate the progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to dementia in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild cognitive impairment. Additionally, we predict that phytate will reduce iron accumulation in the central nervous system, mitigate neurodegenerative changes in both the central nervous system and retina, and induce alterations in biochemical markers associated with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antelm Pujol
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchis
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University of Balearic Islands, Research Institute of Health Science (IUNICS) Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands, (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - María I. Tamayo
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Joana Nicolau
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Félix Grases
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University of Balearic Islands, Research Institute of Health Science (IUNICS) Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands, (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana Espino
- Neurology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana Estremera
- Neuroradiology Unit, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Elena Rigo
- Neuroopthalmology Unit, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Rodríguez
- Neuroradiology Unit, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José L. Ribes
- Biochemistry Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Isabel Gomila
- Biochemistry Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Olga Simó-Servat
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Masmiquel
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Sadek SA, Marzouk M, Mohamed HRH, El-Sallam BFA, Elfiky AA, Sayed AA. Chia seeds and coenzyme Q 10 alleviate iron overload induced hepatorenal toxicity in mice via iron chelation and oxidative stress modulation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19773. [PMID: 37957293 PMCID: PMC10643458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron overload (IOL) can cause hepatorenal damage due to iron-mediated oxidative and mitochondrial damage. Remarkably, combining a natural iron chelator with an antioxidant can exert greater efficacy than monotherapy. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chia and CoQ10 to chelate excess iron and prevent hepatorenal oxidative damage in IOL mice. Male Swiss albino mice (n = 49) were randomly assigned to seven groups: control, dietary Chia, CoQ10, IOL, IOL + Chia, IOL + CoQ10, and IOL + Chia + CoQ10. Computational chemistry indicates that the phytic acid found in the Chia seeds is stable, reactive, and able to bind to up to three iron ions (both Fe2+ and Fe3+). IOL induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, TIBC, TSI, RBCs, Hb, MCV, MCH, WBCs, AST, ALT, creatinine, and MDA. IOL causes a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in UIBC, platelets, and antioxidant molecules (GSH, SOD, CAT, and GR). Also, IOL elicits mitochondrial membrane change depolarization, and DNA fragmentation and suppresses mitochondrial DNA copies. Furthermore, substantial changes in hepatic and renal tissue, including hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis, glomerular degeneration, glomerular basement membrane thickening, and tubular degeneration, were observed in the IOL group. Dietary Chia and CoQ10 induced significant (P < 0.05) amelioration in all the mentioned parameters. They can mostly repair the abnormal architecture of hepatic and renal tissues induced by IOL, as signified by normal sinusoids, normal central veins, and neither glomerular damage nor degenerated tubules. In conclusion, the combined treatment with Chia + CoQ10 exerts more pronounced efficacy than monotherapy in hepatorenal protection via chelating excess iron and improved cellular antioxidant status and hepatorenal mitochondrial function in IOL mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Sadek
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzouk
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdo A Elfiky
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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3
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Salim R, Nehvi IB, Mir RA, Tyagi A, Ali S, Bhat OM. A review on anti-nutritional factors: unraveling the natural gateways to human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1215873. [PMID: 37720376 PMCID: PMC10501406 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1215873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are constantly facing multiple health challenges from both communicable and non-communicable diseases that significantly affect their health. Additionally, drug resistance or failure has made the situation even worse and poses serious challenges for researchers to develop new drugs. Hence, to address these problems, there is an urgent need to discover and develop timely and long-term-based therapeutic treatments from different sources. One such approach is harnessing the potential of plant secondary metabolites. Plants have been utilized for therapeutic purposes in addition to being used for nutritional benefits. In the last two decades, plant-based drug developments have been one of the effective means of treating human diseases owing to their multiple functions. More recently, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) have emerged as one of the important targets for novel plant-based drug development due to their multifaceted and potential pharmacological properties. However, their anti-nutritional properties have been the major setback for their limited success in the pharmacological sector. In this review, we provide an overview of ANFs and their beneficial roles in preventing human diseases with multiple case studies. We also highlight the recent developments and applications of ANFs in the food industry, agriculture, and pharmaceutics with future perspectives. Furthermore, we evaluate meta-analyses on ANFs from the last 30 years in relation to their function in human health benefits. This review is an endeavor to reevaluate the merit of these natural compounds and explore their potential for both human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Salim
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST, Shalimar, India
| | | | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Owais M. Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
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Larvie DY, Armah SM. Estimated Phytate Intake Is Associated with Improved Cognitive Function in the Elderly, NHANES 2013-2014. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1104. [PMID: 34356337 PMCID: PMC8301199 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytate, an antioxidant, may improve cognition by inhibiting iron catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation. Particularly in the elderly, this provides a potential dietary approach for mitigating age-related brain neuronal dysfunction and loss. In this study, we investigated the relationship between phytate intake and cognitive function in the elderly. We used data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). Phytate content of food groups from published data were merged with the appropriate FPED data to estimate the total phytate intake for each subject. Principal component analysis was used to develop a composite score from four cognitive function scores in NHANES data, and regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between this score and phytate intake. Median phytate intake was 0.65 (0.61, 0.71) g/day. It was low among females, non-Hispanic blacks, and people with history of at least one chronic disease (p < 0.05). In regression analysis adjusted for confounders, phytate intake was positively associated with cognitive function (β (95% CI) = 1.90 (0.73-3.07); p = 0.015). These results suggest that phytate may be associated with improved cognition, hence the need to consider including phytate-rich foods in the diet among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth M Armah
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA;
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Sangija F, Martin H, Matemu A. African nightshades (Solanum nigrum complex): The potential contribution to human nutrition and livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3284-3318. [PMID: 33938139 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Achieving zero hunger in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) without minimizing postharvest losses of agricultural products is impossible. Therefore, a holistic approach is vital to end hunger, simultaneously improving food security, diversity, and livelihoods. This review focuses on the African nightshades (ANS) Solanum spp. contribution to improving food and nutrition security in SSA. Different parts of ANS are utilized as food and medicine; however, pests and diseases hinder ANS utilization. African nightshade is rich in micronutrients such as β-carotene, vitamins C and E, minerals (iron, calcium, and zinc), and dietary fiber. The leaves contain a high amount of nutrients than the berries. Proper utilization of ANS can contribute to ending hidden hunger, mainly in children and pregnant women. Literature shows that ANS contains antinutritional factors such as oxalate, phytate, nitrate, and alkaloids; however, their quantities are low to cause potential health effects. Several improved varieties with high yields, rich in nutrients, and low alkaloids have been developed in SSA. Various processing and preservation techniques such as cooking, drying, and fermentation are feasible techniques for value addition on ANS in SSA; moreover, most societies are yet to adopt them effectively. Furthermore, promoting value addition and commercialization of ANS is of importance and can create more jobs. Therefore, this review provides an overview of ANS production and challenges that hinder their utilization, possible solutions, and future research suggestions. This review concludes that ANS is an essential nutritious leafy vegetable for improving nutrition and livelihoods in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Sangija
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Haikael Martin
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Athanasia Matemu
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences (FBNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania
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Wee Y, Yang C, Chen S, Yen Y, Wang C. Inositol hexaphosphate modulates the behavior of macrophages through alteration of gene expression involved in pathways of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, and resolution of inflammation pathways. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3240-3249. [PMID: 34136188 PMCID: PMC8194914 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a dietary compound commonly obtained from corn, rice, etc. Although we may consume significant amount of IP6 daily, it is unclear whether this diet will impact macrophages' fate and function. Therefore, we characterized the underlying relationship between IP6 and macrophage polarization in this study. We specifically examined the signature gene expression profiles associated with pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, and resolution of inflammation pathways in macrophages under the influence of IP6. Interestingly, our data suggested that IP6 polarizes bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) into an M2a-like subtype. Our results also demonstrated that IP6 reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages. In contrast, the expression levels of genes related to anti-inflammatory responses and resolution of inflammation pathways are upregulated. Our findings collectively demonstrated that IP6 has profound modulation effects on macrophages, which warrant further research on the therapeutic benefits of IP6 for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshen Wee
- Department of PathologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA
| | | | - Shau‐Kwaun Chen
- Institute of NeuroscienceNational Chengchi UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Chun Yen
- Biostatistics CenterOffice of Data ScienceTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Shuen Wang
- School of DentistryCollege of Oral MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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Feizollahi E, Mirmahdi RS, Zoghi A, Zijlstra RT, Roopesh MS, Vasanthan T. Review of the beneficial and anti-nutritional qualities of phytic acid, and procedures for removing it from food products. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110284. [PMID: 33992384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) is the primary phosphorus reserve in cereals and legumes which serves the biosynthesis needs of growing tissues during germination. It is generally considered to be an anti-nutritional factor found in grains because it can bind to minerals, proteins, and starch, limiting their bioavailability. However, this same mineral binding property can also confer a number of health benefits such as reducing the risk of certain cancers, supporting heart health, and managing renal stones. In addition, the ability of PA to bind minerals allows it to be used in certain food quality applications such as stabilizing the green color of vegetables, preventing lipid peroxidation, and reducing enzymatic browning in fruits/vegetables. These beneficial properties create a potential for added-value applications in the utilization of PA in many new areas. Many possible processing techniques for the preparation of raw materials in the food industry can be used to reduce the concentration of PA in foods to mitigate its anti-nutritional effects. In turn, the recovered PA by-products could be available for novel uses. In this review, a general overview of the beneficial and anti-nutritional effects of PA will be discussed and then dephytinization methods will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Feizollahi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Razieh Sadat Mirmahdi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 193954741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alaleh Zoghi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 193954741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruurd T Zijlstra
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - M S Roopesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Thava Vasanthan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Williams WR. Phytohormones: structural and functional relationship to purine nucleotides and some pharmacologic agents. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1837544. [PMID: 33100143 PMCID: PMC7781725 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1837544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Structural components of second messenger signaling (nucleotides and associated enzyme systems) within plant and animal cells have more in common than the hormones that initiate metabolic and functional changes. Neurotransmitters and hormones of mammalian pharmacologic classes relate to purine nucleotides in respect of chemical structure and the molecular changes they initiate. This study compares the molecular structures of purine nucleotides with compounds from the abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and jasmonate classes by means of a computational program. The results illustrate how phytohomones relate to each other through the structures of nucleotides and cyclic nucleotides. Molecular similarity within the phytohormone structures relates to synergism, antagonism and the modulation of nucleotide function that regulates germination and plant development. As with the molecular evolution of mammalian hormones, cell signaling and cross-talk within the phytohormone classes is purine nucleotide centered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Robert Williams
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Education, University of South Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Aguree S, Guo L, Reddy MB. Phytic Acid Protects from Oxidative Stress Induced by Iron-Overload and High-Fat Diets in ß2-Microglobulin Knockout Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225331. [PMID: 33203173 PMCID: PMC7697163 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the protective effect of phytic acid (PA) in reducing oxidative stress in an animal model for human hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) fed high-fat diets. Sixty-four ß2 microglobulin knockout (β2m KO) mice were randomly assigned to three treatments by feeding: control (basal), atherogenic (AT), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) diets. One-half of the mice in each treatment group were fed 2% (wt/wt) PA. The ß2m+/+ mice (wild type (WT)) were fed a basal diet. All seven groups were fed for 10 weeks with a 50-ppm iron-containing diet (AIN-93G). Free iron and lipids were measured in serum samples. Nonheme iron, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase concentrations were measured in the liver tissue. Nonheme iron concentration in ß2m KO mice (on the basal diet) was 20× higher (p < 0.0001) than in the WT mice. Compared to the WT mice, ß2m KO mice had a significantly higher concentration of free iron in the serum (p < 0.0001), six-fold higher hepatic TBARs (p < 0.0001), and 18% lower hepatic SOD level. When PA was added to the β2m KO basal diet, a reduction (26 to 50%) of iron concentration was seen in the liver and heart. The addition of PA also significantly reduced TBARs in all three dietary groups of the iron-overloaded group, but most effectively in the control group. An increase in SOD concentration was seen only in the PUFA group, but serum triacylglycerol (TG) concentration was reduced in both dietary fat groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that PA protects against oxidative stress-induced by genetic iron overload alone or when fed high fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixtus Aguree
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (S.A.); (L.G.)
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (S.A.); (L.G.)
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Manju B. Reddy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (S.A.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-515-294-2024
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Abdulwaliyu I, Arekemase SO, Adudu JA, Batari ML, Egbule MN, Okoduwa SIR. Investigation of the medicinal significance of phytic acid as an indispensable anti-nutrient in diseases. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Sakandar HA, Hussain R, Kubow S, Sadiq FA, Huang W, Imran M. Sourdough bread: A contemporary cereal fermented product. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Arbab Sakandar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Department Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
- School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Raza Hussain
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Stan Kubow
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | - Weining Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Department Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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Xu Q, Langley M, Kanthasamy AG, Reddy MB. Epigallocatechin Gallate Has a Neurorescue Effect in a Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease. J Nutr 2017; 147:1926-1931. [PMID: 28835392 PMCID: PMC5610551 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.255034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has been associated with many factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and iron accumulation. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and iron-chelating properties of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol in green tea, may offer protection against PD.Objective: We sought to determine the neurorescue effects of EGCG and the role of iron in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD.Methods: We evaluated the neurorescue effect of EGCG (25 mg/kg, 7 d, oral administration) against MPTP-induced (20 mg/kg, 3 d, intraperitoneal injection) neurodegeneration in C57 male black mice. Thirty mice weighing ∼25 g were divided into 3 groups: control, MPTP, and MPTP + EGCG. The neurorescue effect of EGCG was assessed with the use of motor behavior tests, neurotransmitter analysis, oxidative stress indicators, and iron-related protein expression.Results: Compared with the control group, MPTP treatment shortened the mice's latency to fall from the rotarod by 16% (P < 0.05), decreased the striatal dopamine concentration by 58% (P < 0.001) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid by 35% (P < 0.05), and increased serum protein carbonyls by 71% (P = 0.07). However, EGCG rescued MPTP-induced neurotoxicity by increasing the rotational latency by 17% (P < 0.05) to a value similar to the control group. Striatal dopamine concentrations were 40% higher in the MPTP + EGCG group than in the MPTP group (P < 0.05), but the values were significantly lower than in the control group. Compared with the MPTP and control groups, mice in the MPTP + EGCG group had higher substantia nigra ferroportin expression (44% and 35%, respectively) (P < 0.05) but not hepcidin and divalent metal transporter 1 expression.Conclusion: Overall, our study demonstrated that EGCG regulated the iron-export protein ferroportin in substantia nigra, reduced oxidative stress, and exerted a neurorescue effect against MPTP-induced functional and neurochemical deficits in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Departments of Food Science and Human Nutrition and,School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Monica Langley
- Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA; and
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Asaithambi A, Ay M, Jin H, Gosh A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) phosphorylation promotes dopaminergic neuronal survival during 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96947. [PMID: 24806360 PMCID: PMC4013052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major pathophysiological mediator of degenerative processes in many neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Aberrant cell signaling governed by protein phosphorylation has been linked to oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Although several studies have associated activation of certain protein kinases with apoptotic cell death in PD, very little is known about protein kinase regulation of cell survival and protection against oxidative damage and degeneration in dopaminergic neurons. Here, we characterized the PKD1-mediated protective pathway against oxidative damage in cell culture models of PD. Dopaminergic neurotoxicant 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce oxidative stress in the N27 dopaminergic cell model and in primary mesencephalic neurons. Our results indicated that 6-OHDA induced the PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/S748) phosphorylation during early stages of oxidative stress and that PKD1 activation preceded cell death. We also found that 6-OHDA rapidly increased phosphorylation of the C-terminal S916 in PKD1, which is required for PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/748) phosphorylation. Interestingly, negative modulation of PKD1 activation by RNAi knockdown or by the pharmacological inhibition of PKD1 by kbNB-14270 augmented 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, while positive modulation of PKD1 by the overexpression of full length PKD1 (PKD1WT) or constitutively active PKD1 (PKD1S744E/S748E) attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic role for PKD1 during oxidative neuronal injury. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PKD1 signaling plays a cell survival role during early stages of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neurons and therefore, positive modulation of the PKD1-mediated signal transduction pathway can provide a novel neuroprotective strategy against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Asaithambi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anamitra Gosh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Ampelopsis Radix Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-Induced Toxicity in Parkinson's Disease Models In Vitro and In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:346438. [PMID: 24204389 PMCID: PMC3800597 DOI: 10.1155/2013/346438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ampelopsis Radix, the root of Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Makino (Vitaceae), is a herbal medicine which has been widely used in East Asia. The present study was done to explore whether the standardized extract of Ampelopsis Radix (AJW) protects dopaminergic neurons via antioxidant mechanisms in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. The effects of AJW on primary mesencephalic cultures stressed with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium were investigated using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry and reactive oxygen species measurement. The eliminative effects of AJW on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radicals were explored using colorimetric methods. The effects of AJW on the mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were determined by pole test as well as TH and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine immunohistochemistry. AJW protected dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation in vitro. Moreover, AJW showed potent radical scavenging activities in vitro. In the mouse PD model, AJW protected the dopaminergic neurons in the brain, leading to motor improvements. AJW inhibited the MPTP-evoked accumulation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in the brain. These data suggest that AJW has neuroprotective effects with antioxidant mechanisms in PD models.
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15
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Kasture S, Mohan M, Kasture V. Mucuna pruriens seeds in treatment of Parkinson’s disease: pharmacological review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-013-0126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Dai MC, Zhong ZH, Sun YH, Sun QF, Wang YT, Yang GY, Bian LG. Curcumin protects against iron induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical neurons by attenuating necroptosis. Neurosci Lett 2013; 536:41-6. [PMID: 23328441 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis was reported as one backup way of programmed cell death when apoptosis was blocked, and the receptor interacting protein 1 was considered as the key necroptosis regulator protein. Here, we report the neuroprotective effects of curcumin which attenuates necroptosis. Primary cortical neurons were cultured and were injured by ferrous chloride, z.vad.fmk was applied to block apoptosis, curcumin was administrated to protect neurons, necrostatin-1 was applied to inhibit necroptosis if needed. Cell viability was measured by detecting lactate dehydrogenase activity in lysates of surviving cells, and assessed by cell counting kit-8. The expression of receptor interacting protein 1 was detected by immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Results showed that necroptosis mainly occurred in the concentrations of ferrous chloride ranging from 100 to 200μM, curcumin attenuated necroptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, curcumin decreased expression of receptor interacting protein 1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that curcumin protects against iron induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical neurons by attenuating necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chao Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025 China
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17
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Neuroprotective effects of germinated brown rice against hydrogen peroxide induced cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:9692-9708. [PMID: 22949825 PMCID: PMC3431823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13089692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective and antioxidative effects of germinated brown rice (GBR), brown rice (BR) and commercially available γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) against cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells have been investigated. Results show that GBR suppressed H(2)O(2)-mediated cytotoxicity and induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, GBR reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and prevented phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation in SH-SY5Y cells, key features of apoptosis, and subsequent cell death. GBR exhibited better neuroprotective and antioxidative activities as compared to BR and GABA. These results indicate that GBR possesses high antioxidative activities and suppressed cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by blocking the cell cycle re-entry and apoptotic mechanisms. Therefore, GBR could be developed as a value added functional food to prevent neurodegenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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18
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Mounsey RB, Teismann P. Chelators in the treatment of iron accumulation in Parkinson's disease. Int J Cell Biol 2012; 2012:983245. [PMID: 22754573 PMCID: PMC3382398 DOI: 10.1155/2012/983245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element in the metabolism of all cells. Elevated levels of the metal have been found in the brains of patients of numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The pathogenesis of PD is largely unknown, although it is thought through studies with experimental models that oxidative stress and dysfunction of brain iron homeostasis, usually a tightly regulated process, play significant roles in the death of dopaminergic neurons. Accumulation of iron is present at affected neurons and associated microglia in the substantia nigra of PD patients. This additional free-iron has the capacity to generate reactive oxygen species, promote the aggregation of α-synuclein protein, and exacerbate or even cause neurodegeneration. There are various treatments aimed at reversing this pathologic increase in iron content, comprising both synthetic and natural iron chelators. These include established drugs, which have been used to treat other disorders related to iron accumulation. This paper will discuss how iron dysregulation occurs and the link between increased iron and oxidative stress in PD, including the mechanism by which these processes lead to cell death, before assessing the current pharmacotherapies aimed at restoring normal iron redox and new chelation strategies undergoing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross B. Mounsey
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Peter Teismann
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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19
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Seidl SE, Potashkin JA. The promise of neuroprotective agents in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2011; 2:68. [PMID: 22125548 PMCID: PMC3221408 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2011.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. Since there are limited treatment options for PD, neuroprotective agents are currently being tested as a means to slow disease progression. Agents targeting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation are prime candidates for neuroprotection. This review identifies Rasagiline, Minocycline, and creatine, as the most promising neuroprotective agents for PD, and they are all currently in phase III trials. Other agents possessing protective characteristics in delaying PD include stimulants, vitamins, supplements, and other drugs. Additionally, combination therapies also show benefits in slowing PD progression. The identification of neuroprotective agents for PD provides us with therapeutic opportunities for modifying the course of disease progression and, perhaps, reducing the risk of onset when preclinical biomarkers become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey E Seidl
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University Chicago, IL, USA
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