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Ciccone LP, Franzetti J, Bonora M, Ronchi S, Camarda AM, Charalampopoulou A, Facoetti A, Bazani A, Magro G, Vischioni B, Locati LD, Licitra L, Sauerwein WAG, Orlandi E. Charged particle radiotherapy for thyroid cancer. A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 202:104463. [PMID: 39098367 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in thyroid cancer (TC) remains contentious due to limited data. Retrospective studies suggest adjuvant EBRT benefits high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and limited-stage anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), enhancing locoregional control and progression-free survival when combined with surgery and chemotherapy. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and particle therapy (PT), including protons, carbon ions, and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), represent advances in TC treatment. Following PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed 471 studies from January 2002 to January 2024, selecting 14 articles (10 preclinical, 4 clinical). Preclinical research focused on BNCT in ATC mouse models, showing promising local control rates. Clinical studies explored proton, neutron, or photon radiotherapy, reporting favorable outcomes and manageable toxicity. While PT shows promise supported by biological rationale, further research is necessary to clarify its role and potential combination with systemic treatments in TC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pia Ciccone
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Jessica Franzetti
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Maria Bonora
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Sara Ronchi
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Camarda
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy; Hadron Academy PhD Course, University School for Advanced Studies (IUSS), Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Angelica Facoetti
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Alessia Bazani
- Medical Physics Unit, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Magro
- Medical Physics Unit, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Barbara Vischioni
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Laura Deborah Locati
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; Medical Oncology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Lisa Licitra
- Scientific Directorate, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy; Department of Head & Neck Medical Oncology 3, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Oncology & Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Wolfgang A G Sauerwein
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Bor-Neutroneneinfangtherapie (DGBNCT), Essen, Germany; BNCT Global GmbH, Essen, Germany
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy; Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Ju SH, Song M, Lim JY, Kang YE, Yi HS, Shong M. Metabolic Reprogramming in Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2024; 39:425-444. [PMID: 38853437 PMCID: PMC11220218 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy with increasing incidence globally. Although most cases can be treated effectively, some cases are more aggressive and have a higher risk of mortality. Inhibiting RET and BRAF kinases has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of thyroid cancer, particularly in cases of advanced or aggressive disease. However, the development of resistance mechanisms may limit the efficacy of these kinase inhibitors. Therefore, developing precise strategies to target thyroid cancer cell metabolism and overcome resistance is a critical area of research for advancing thyroid cancer treatment. In the field of cancer therapeutics, researchers have explored combinatorial strategies involving dual metabolic inhibition and metabolic inhibitors in combination with targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy to overcome the challenge of metabolic plasticity. This review highlights the need for new therapeutic approaches for thyroid cancer and discusses promising metabolic inhibitors targeting thyroid cancer. It also discusses the challenges posed by metabolic plasticity in the development of effective strategies for targeting cancer cell metabolism and explores the potential advantages of combined metabolic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minchul Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joung Youl Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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3
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Oh JM, Gangadaran P, Rajendran RL, Hong CM, Lee J, Ahn BC. Different Expression of Thyroid-Specific Proteins in Thyroid Cancer Cells between 2-Dimensional (2D) and 3-Dimensional (3D) Culture Environment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223559. [PMID: 36428988 PMCID: PMC9688357 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture as a conventional method has been widely applied in molecular biology fields, but it has limited capability to recapitulate real cell environments, being prone to misinterpretation with poor prediction of in vivo behavior. Recently, the three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture has been studied extensively. Spheroids are self-assembled cell aggregates that have biomimicry capabilities. The behavior of thyroid cancer under the 3D spheroid culture environment has been studied; however, there are no reports regarding differences in the degree of thyroid cancer cell differentiation under 2D and 3D culture conditions. This study investigated the expression of thyroid differentiation proteins related to iodide-metabolizing mechanisms in thyroid cancer cells under different culture conditions. Four thyroid cancer cell lines and one thyroid follicular epithelial cell line were grown in adherent 2D cell culture and 3D spheroid culture with agarose-coated plates. We observed changes in proliferation, hypoxia, extracellular matrix (ECM), cytoskeleton, thyroid-specific proteins, and thyroid transcription factors. All cell lines were successfully established in the spheroid following cell aggregation. Proliferation considerably decreased, while hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α(HIF1-α) was promoted in 3D spheroids; moreover, 3D spheroids with thyroid cancers showed diminished thyroid differentiation markers, but thyroid follicular epithelial cells revealed either a maintenance or weak decline of protein expression. We verified that the 3D spheroid culture environment can be similar to in vivo conditions because of its alterations in numerous cellular and functional activities, including morphology, cellular proliferation, viability, hypoxia, ECM, cytoskeleton, and thyroid differentiation, compared to the conventional 2D monolayer culture environment. An in vitro experimental study using 3D spheroid culture is ideal for the faster discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jaetae Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-5583; Fax: +82-53-200-6447
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Tan BKJ, Tan NKW, Teo YH, Yap DWT, Raghupathy J, Gao EY, Toh ST, See A. Association of obstructive sleep apnea with thyroid cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:5407-5414. [PMID: 35708764 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a postulated carcinogen based on epidemiological associations with all-cancer incidence and non-thyroid biological models. However, associations with thyroid carcinoma are unclear. METHODS We included observational/randomized studies of associations of OSA with thyroid carcinoma incidence/mortality in adults, from four databases. Random-effects meta-analyses and the population attributable fraction (PAF; from published global OSA prevalence estimates) were computed. RESULTS We included four observational studies (N = 2,839,325), all with moderate/low risk of bias. OSA diagnosis was associated with twofold incidence of thyroid carcinoma (pooled HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.35-3.98, I2 = 95%), after multi-adjustment for demographics, BMI, smoking, alcohol, and comorbidities. Subgroup analysis of studies with at least 5 years of follow-up showed a stronger association of OSA with thyroid cancer incidence (pooled HR 3.27, 95% CI 2.80-3.82, I2 = 0%). Up to 14.5% (95% CI 4.29-27.6%) of incident thyroid carcinomas globally may be associated with OSA. Thyroid carcinoma mortality data was unavailable. CONCLUSIONS OSA is associated with higher thyroid carcinoma incidence, though this does not prove causation. Biological/clinical studies should investigate OSA severity in relation to thyroid carcinoma progression and mortality, stratified by tumor histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Kye Wen Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yao Hao Teo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominic Wei Ting Yap
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaivikash Raghupathy
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esther Yanxin Gao
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Song Tar Toh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.,Surgery Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna See
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore. .,Surgery Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore.
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Watts D, Jaykar MT, Bechmann N, Wielockx B. Hypoxia signaling pathway: A central mediator in endocrine tumors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1103075. [PMID: 36699028 PMCID: PMC9868855 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1103075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate oxygen levels are essential for the functioning and maintenance of biological processes in virtually every cell, albeit based on specific need. Thus, any change in oxygen pressure leads to modulated activation of the hypoxia pathway, which affects numerous physiological and pathological processes, including hematopoiesis, inflammation, and tumor development. The Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) are essential transcription factors and the driving force of the hypoxia pathway; whereas, their inhibitors, HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHDs) proteins are the true oxygen sensors that critically regulate this response. Recently, we and others have described the central role of the PHD/HIF axis in various compartments of the adrenal gland and its potential influence in associated tumors, including pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent findings on the hypoxia signaling pathway in vivo, including its role in the endocrine system, especially in adrenal tumors.
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Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Tissue Hypoxia: Relevance to Sepsis Therapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245855. [PMID: 34945151 PMCID: PMC8703810 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue hypoxia occurs in various conditions such as myocardial or brain ischemia and infarction, sepsis, and trauma, and induces cellular damage and tissue remodeling with recapitulation of fetal-like reprogramming, which eventually results in organ failure. Analogies seem to exist between the damaged hypoxic and developing organs, indicating that a regulatory network which drives embryonic organ development may control aspects of heart (or tissue) repair. In this context, thyroid hormone (TH), which is a critical regulator of organ maturation, physiologic angiogenesis, and mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development, may be of important physiological relevance upon stress (hypoxia)-induced fetal reprogramming. TH signaling has been implicated in hypoxic tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction and T3 prevents remodeling of the postinfarcted heart. Similarly, preliminary experimental evidence suggests that T3 can prevent early tissue hypoxia during sepsis with important physiological consequences. Thus, based on common pathways between different paradigms, we propose a possible role of TH in tissue hypoxia after sepsis with the potential to reduce secondary organ failure.
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) represents the most common endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence all over the world. Papillary TC (PTC), a differentiated TC subtype, is the most common and, even though it has an excellent prognosis following radioiodine (RAI) ablation, it shows an aggressive behavior in 20–30% of cases, becoming RAI-resistant and/or metastatic. On the other side, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), the most undifferentiated TC, is a rare but devastating disease, indicating that progression of differentiated to undifferentiated forms of TC could be responsible for RAI-resistance and increased mortality. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in both tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Moreover, during tumor progression, cancer cells modify their metabolism to meet changed requirements for cellular proliferation. Through these metabolic changes, cancer cells may adopt cancer stem cell-like properties and express an EMT phenotype. EMT, in turn, can induce metabolic changes to which cancer cells become addicted. Here we review metabolic reprogramming in TC highlighting the role of EMT with the aim to explore a potential field to find out new therapeutic strategies for advanced-stage PTC. Accordingly, we discuss the identification of the metabolic enzymes and metabolites, critical to TC progression, which can be employed either as predicting biomarkers of tumor response to RAI therapy or possible targets in precision medicine.
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Niciporuka R, Nazarovs J, Ozolins A, Narbuts Z, Miklasevics E, Gardovskis J. Can We Predict Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Behavior? Role of Genetic and Molecular Markers. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:1131. [PMID: 34684168 PMCID: PMC8540789 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is ranked in ninth place among all the newly diagnosed cancer cases in 2020. Differentiated thyroid cancer behavior can vary from indolent to extremely aggressive. Currently, predictions of cancer prognosis are mainly based on clinicopathological features, which are direct consequences of cell and tissue microenvironment alterations. These alterations include genetic changes, cell cycle disorders, estrogen receptor expression abnormalities, enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix degradation, increased hypoxia, and consecutive neovascularization. All these processes are represented by specific genetic and molecular markers, which can further predict thyroid cancer development, progression, and prognosis. In conclusion, evaluation of cancer genetic and molecular patterns, in addition to clinicopathological features, can contribute to the identification of patients with a potentially worse prognosis. It is essential since it plays a crucial role in decision-making regarding initial surgery, postoperative treatment, and follow-up. To date, there is a large diversity in methodologies used in different studies, frequently leading to contradictory results. To evaluate the true significance of predictive markers, more comparable studies should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Niciporuka
- Department of Surgery, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia; (A.O.); (Z.N.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jurijs Nazarovs
- Department of Pathology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Arturs Ozolins
- Department of Surgery, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia; (A.O.); (Z.N.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Zenons Narbuts
- Department of Surgery, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia; (A.O.); (Z.N.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edvins Miklasevics
- Institute of Oncology, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Janis Gardovskis
- Department of Surgery, Riga Stradins University, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia; (A.O.); (Z.N.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
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Hypoxia and the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Signaling in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158153. [PMID: 34360919 PMCID: PMC8348933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is characterized by an inadequate supply of oxygen to tissues, and hypoxic regions are commonly found in solid tumors. The cellular response to hypoxic conditions is mediated through the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that control the expression of a large number of target genes. Recent studies have shown that the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) participates in hypoxia-dependent cellular adaptation. We review recent evidence on the role of RAGE signaling in tumor biology under hypoxic conditions.
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Špaková I, Rabajdová M, Mičková H, Graier WF, Mareková M. Effect of hypoxia factors gene silencing on ROS production and metabolic status of A375 malignant melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10325. [PMID: 33990669 PMCID: PMC8121821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate response of melanocytes to exogenous or endogenous stress stimuli like extreme pH and temperature, metabolite and oxygen deficiency or a high UV dose initiates a cellular stress response. This process activates adaptive processes to minimize the negative impact of the stressor on the pigment cell. Under physiological conditions, a non-cancer cell is directed to apoptosis if the stressor persists. However, malignant melanoma cells will survive persistent stress thanks to distinct "cancerous" signaling pathways (e.g. MEK) and transcription factors that regulate the expression of so-called "survival genes" (e.g. HIF, MITF). In this survival response of cancer cells, MEK pathway directs melanoma cells to deregulate mitochondrial metabolism, to accumulate reduced species (NADH), and to centralize metabolism in the cytosol. The aim of this work was to study the effect of gene silencing in malignant melanoma A375 cells on metabolic processes in cytosol and mitochondria. Gene silencing of HIF-1α, and miR-210 in normoxia and pseudohypoxia, and analysis of its effect on MITF-M, and PDHA1 expression. Detection of cytosolic NADH by Peredox-mCherry Assay. Detection of OCR, and ECAR using Seahorse XF96. Measurement of produced O2•- with MitoTracker Red CMXRos. 1H NMR analysis of metabolites present in cell suspension, and medium. By gene silencing of HIF-1α and miR-210 the expression of PDHA1 was upregulated while that of MITF-M was downregulated, yielding acceleration of mitochondrial respiratory activity and thus elimination of ROS. Hence, we detected a significantly reduced A375 cell viability, an increase in alanine, inositol, nucleotides, and other metabolites that together define apoptosis. Based on the results of measurements of mitochondrial resipiratory activity, ROS production, and changes in the metabolites obtained in cells under the observed conditions, we concluded that silencing of HIF-1α and miR-210 yields apoptosis and, ultimately, apoptotic cell death in A375 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Helena Mičková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia
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Song H, Chen X, Jiao Q, Qiu Z, Shen C, Zhang G, Sun Z, Zhang H, Luo QY. HIF-1α-Mediated Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Activation Inducing Autophagy Through Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Promotes Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Progression During Hypoxia Stress. Thyroid 2021; 31:233-246. [PMID: 32772829 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: It is important to properly understand the molecular mechanisms of aggressive tumors among papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) that are often the most indolent. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), induced by hypoxia, plays pivotal roles in the development and metastasis of the many tumors, including PTCs. Upregulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) activity is found in highly invasive PTCs. Further, previous studies have reported that autophagy serves as a protective mechanism to facilitate PTC cell survival. We, therefore, hypothesized that there was a link between HIF-1α, TERT, and autophagy in promoting PTC progression. Methods: Immunohistochemistry staining was conducted to evaluate the expressions of HIF-1α, TERT, and autophagy marker, LC3-II, in matched PTC tumors and corresponding nontumor tissues. Two PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and BCPAP) were used in subsequent cytological function studies. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed during hypoxia, genetic enhancement and inhibition of TERT, and chemical and genetic inhibition of autophagy. The protein expression levels of the corresponding biomarkers were determined by Western blotting, and autophagy flow was detected. We characterized the molecular mechanism of PTC cell progression. Results: The protein expression levels of HIF-1α, TERT, and LC3-II were upregulated in PTCs and were significantly correlated with high tumor-node-metastasis stage. Further, an in vitro study indicated that HIF-1α induced by hypoxia functioned as a transcriptional activator by binding with sequences potentially located in the TERT promoter and was positively correlated with the malignant behavior of PTC cell lines. Overexpression of TERT inhibited the kinase activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in the activation of autophagy. Functionally, TERT-induced autophagy provided a survival advantage to PTC cells during hypoxia stress. Conclusions: We identified a novel molecular mechanism involving the HIF-1α/TERT axis, which promoted PTC progression by inducing autophagy through mTOR during hypoxia stress. These findings may provide a basis for the new treatment of aggressive PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongling Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chentian Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenkui Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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A Novel Nanoproteomic Approach for the Identification of Molecular Targets Associated with Thyroid Tumors. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122370. [PMID: 33260544 PMCID: PMC7761166 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A thyroid nodule is the most common presentation of thyroid cancer; thus, it is extremely important to differentiate benign from malignant nodules. Within malignant lesions, classification of a thyroid tumor is the primary step in the assessment of the prognosis and selection of treatment. Currently, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the preoperative test most commonly used for the initial thyroid nodule diagnosis. However, due to some limitations of FNAB, different high-throughput “omics” approaches have emerged that could further support diagnosis based on histopathological patterns. In the present work, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens from normal (non-neoplastic) thyroid (normal controls (NCs)), benign tumors (follicular thyroid adenomas (FTAs)), and some common types of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), conventional or classical papillary thyroid carcinomas (CV-PTCs), and the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas (FV-PTCs)) were analyzed. For the first time, FFPE thyroid samples were deparaffinized using an easy, fast, and non-toxic method. Protein extracts from thyroid tissue samples were analyzed using a nanoparticle-assisted proteomics approach combined with shotgun LC-MS/MS. The differentially regulated proteins found to be specific for the FTA, FTC, CV-PTC, and FV-PTC subtypes were analyzed with the bioinformatic tools STRING and PANTHER showing a profile of proteins implicated in the thyroid cancer metabolic reprogramming, cancer progression, and metastasis. These proteins represent a new source of potential molecular targets related to thyroid tumors.
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Heydarzadeh S, Moshtaghie AA, Daneshpoor M, Hedayati M. Regulators of glucose uptake in thyroid cancer cell lines. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:83. [PMID: 32493394 PMCID: PMC7268348 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Thyroid cancer is the most common sort of endocrine-related cancer with more prevalent in women and elderly individuals which has quickly widespread expansion in worldwide over the recent decades. Common features of malignant thyroid cells are to have accelerated metabolism and increased glucose uptake to optimize their energy supply which provides a fundamental advantage for growth. In tumor cells the retaining of required energy charge for cell survival is imperative, indeed glucose transporters are enable of promoting of this task. According to this relation it has been reported the upregulation of glucose transporters in various types of cancers. Human studies indicated that poor survival can be occurred following the high levels of GLUT1 expression in tumors. GLUT-1 and GLUT3 are the glucose transporters which seems to be mainly engaged with the oncogenesis of thyroid cancer and their expression in malignant tissues is much more than in the normal one. They are promising targets for the advancement of anticancer strategies. The lack of oncosuppressors have dominant effect on the membrane expression of GLUT1 and glucose uptake. Overexpression of hypoxia inducible factors have been additionally connected with distant metastasis in thyroid cancers which mediates transcriptional regulation of glycolytic genes including GLUT1 and GLUT3. Though the physiological role of the thyroid gland is well illustrated, but the metabolic regulations in thyroid cancer remain evasive. In this study we discuss proliferation pathways of the key regulators and signaling molecules such as PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, MicroRNA, PTEN, AMPK, BRAF, c-Myc, TSH, Iodide and p53 which includes in the regulation of GLUTs in thyroid cancer cells. Incidence of deregulations in cellular energetics and metabolism are the most serious signs of cancers. In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms of glucose transportation in normal and pathologic thyroid tissues is critically important and could provide significant insights in science of diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Heydarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Moshtaghie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Daneshpoor
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Zhang JG, Zhou HM, Zhang X, Mu W, Hu JN, Liu GL, Li Q. Hypoxic induction of vasculogenic mimicry in hepatocellular carcinoma: role of HIF-1 α, RhoA/ROCK and Rac1/PAK signaling. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:32. [PMID: 31931758 PMCID: PMC6958789 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), defined as a capability of aggressive tumor Cells to mimic embryonic vasculogenic networks, caused poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Rho kinases (ROCK), p21-activated kinase (PAK), hypoxia or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributed to the VM potential. However, the details underlying these biological behaviors have not been completely elucidated. METHODS Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to predict relationship with hypoxia Inducible factor (HIF-1α), EMT related markers: Vimentin and patient prognosis. CD34/periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) double staining was examined to differentiate VM-positive (VM+) and VM-negative (VM-) samples. Cells were cultured under controlled hypoxic environments (1% O2) or normoxic conditions. The effect of hypoxia on RhoA/ROCK, Rac1/PAK and EMT were evaluated by real time-qPCR and western blot. HIF-1α small interfering RNA (siRNA), overexpressed or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of ROCK and kinase inhibitors were used to explore the effect of HIF-1α, RhoA/ROCK, Rac1/PAK and Vimentin on VM. RESULTS HIF-1α or Vimentin was upregulated in VM+ HCC tissues, compared to non-cancerous tissues (P < 0.01), and patients with high expression of HIF-1α or Vimentin had worse prognosis (P < 0.001). We showed hypoxia induced RhoA/ROCK and Rac1/PAK signaling transduction, and EMT could be repressed by HIF-1α siRNA. Notably, RhoA/ROCK or Rac1/PAK stabilized HIF-1α in hypoxia, whereas HIF-1α did not significantly altered RhoA/ROCK or Rac1/PAK signaling in hypoxia. Moreover, we found distinct roles of ROCK1, ROCK2 and PAK in regulating Vimentin phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS RhoA/ROCK and Rac/PAK signaling played crucial roles in hypoxia-induced VM via Ser72 and Ser56 Vimentin phosphorylation in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Gang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Ming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Mu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-Ni Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Lin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
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Lu H, Chen S, You Z, Xie C, Huang S, Hu X. PFKFB4 negatively regulated the expression of histone acetyltransferase GCN5 to mediate the tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer. Dev Growth Differ 2020; 62:129-138. [PMID: 31912488 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignant endocrine tumor, and its incidence has progressively increased over several decades. Accumulating evidence has suggested that PFKFB4, a critical regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, has been implicated in various solid cancers. However, the exact effect of PFKFB4 on TC remains unclear. Hence, the objective of this work was to investigate the role of PFKFB4 in TC and explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Here, we provide evidence that mRNA levels of PFKFB4 were upregulated in TC patients' thyroids and cell lines. Downregulation of PFKFB4 reduced TC cell viability and inhibited colony formation. In addition, the migration and invasion of TC cells were suppressed by PFKFB4 knockdown, suggesting that PFKFB4 is positively correlated with tumorigenesis of TC. Molecularly, knockdown of PFKFB4 significantly inhibited expression of GCN5 and phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT. Moreover, the suppressive role of shPFKFB4 in TC cell growth was reversed by upregulation of GCN5. Finally, the in vivo experiment indicated that downregulation of PFKF4B suppressed tumor growth in xenografts TC model mice. In total, our results suggested that PFKFB4-mediated TC tumorigenesis by positively regulating GCN5 and PI3K/AKT signaling. These findings provide new research directions and therapeutic options considering PFKF4B as a novel diagnosis marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanquan Lu
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
| | - Zhijian You
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
| | - Chuping Xie
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
| | - Shichuan Huang
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
| | - Xiarong Hu
- The First Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan City, China
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Abstract
Introduction Hypoxic stress is a feature of rapidly growing thyroid tumours. Cancer progression is thought to be driven by a small population of tumour cells possessing stem cell properties. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are important mediators of hypoxia. Both HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha have been reported to be expressed in thyroid cancers. There is growing evidence that the HIF pathway plays a significant role in the maintenance of thyroid cancer stem cells (CSC). Methodology We have isolated thyroid CSC from a papillary thyroid cancer-derived cell line (BCPAP) and an anaplastic thyroid cancer-derived cell line (SW1736) as side population (SP) cells (a putative stem cell population) and treated them with cobalt chloride (II) to induce hypoxia. Results and discussion We observed an increase in the SP of cells within the thyroid cancer cell lines following induction of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mahkamova
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - N Latar
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - S Aspinall
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields, NE29 8NH, UK
| | - A Meeson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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Spirina LV, Kondakova IV, Tarasenko NV, Slonimskaya EM, Usynin EA, Gorbunov AK, Yurmazov ZA, Chigevskaya SY. [Targeting of the AKT/m-TOR Pathway: Biomarkers of Resistance to Cancer Therapy--
AKT/m-TOR Pathway and Resistance to Cancer Therapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2018; 21:63-66. [PMID: 29357975 PMCID: PMC5972354 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.01.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cancer therapy continues to be a major limitation for the successful treatment of cancer. There are many published studies on therapy resistance in breast and prostate cancers; however, there are currently no data on molecular markers associated with resistance. The conflicting data were reported regarding the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components as markers predicting resistance. The AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway is involved in the development of many human cancers; its activation is related to cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, as well as to therapy resistance. Molecular alterations in the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway provide a platform to identify universal markers associated with the development of resistance to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila V Spirina
- Laboratory of Tumor Biochemistry, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina V Kondakova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biochemistry, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Natalia V Tarasenko
- Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia.,Laboratory of Population Genetics, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Elena M Slonimskaya
- Surgical Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.,Department of Oncology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Usynin
- Surgical Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Alexey K Gorbunov
- Surgical Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Zahar A Yurmazov
- Surgical Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Svetlana Yu Chigevskaya
- Surgical Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
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Klaus A, Fathi O, Tatjana TW, Bruno N, Oskar K. Expression of Hypoxia-Associated Protein HIF-1α in Follicular Thyroid Cancer is Associated with Distant Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 24:289-296. [PMID: 28474313 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) are the second most common malignant neoplasia of the thyroid and in general its prognosis is quite favorable. However, the occurrence of metastases or non-responsiveness to radioiodine therapy worsens the prognosis considerably. We evaluated immunohistochemically the expression of hypoxia-associated proteins by hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α), the stroma-remodeling marker Tenascin C, as well as markers for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), namely E-cadherin and slug in a series of 59 sporadic FTCs. In addition, various clinicopathologic parameters were assessed like TNM-staging, age, tumor size as well as tumor characteristics like desmoplasia, necrosis, and calcification. Overexpression of HIF-1α was seen in 29 of 59 tumors (49.2%) including 21 (35.6%) FTC with strong expression of tumor cell groups. HIF-1α correlated significantly with metastasis (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney U test), degree of desmoplasia (p = 0.042, Kruskal-Wallis test), tenascin C expression (p = 0.042, Kruskal-Wallis test), calcification (p < 0.025, Kruskal-Wallis test), necrosis (p = 0.002), age (p = 0.011, Kruskal-Wallis test) and tumor stage UICC (p = 0.022, Kruskal-Wallis test). Furthermore, metastasis was associated with the degree of desmoplasia (p = 0.014; Fisher's exact test), calcification (p = 0.008, Fisher's exact test), necrosis (p = 0.042, Fisher's exact test), tumor size (p = 0.015, Mann-Whitney U test), and age (p = 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). In a Cox proportional hazards model, only metastasis remained as an independent risk factor for overall survival (hazard rate: 10.2 [95% CI, 02.19 to 47.26]; p = 0.003). Our data suggest that HIF-1α plays a critical role in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix as well as metastasizing process of follicular thyroid carcinoma and targeting hypoxia-associated and -regulated proteins may be considered as potential targets for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aumayr Klaus
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Osmen Fathi
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Traub-Weidinger Tatjana
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niederle Bruno
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Koperek Oskar
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Ciavardelli D, Bellomo M, Consalvo A, Crescimanno C, Vella V. Metabolic Alterations of Thyroid Cancer as Potential Therapeutic Targets. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2545031. [PMID: 29234677 PMCID: PMC5694990 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2545031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor with a growing incidence worldwide. Besides the improvement of diagnosis, TC increasing incidence is probably due to environmental factors and lifestyle modifications. The actual diagnostic criteria for TC classification are based on fine needle biopsy (FNAB) and histological examination following thyroidectomy. Since in some cases it is not possible to make a proper diagnosis, classical approach needs to be supported by additional biomarkers. Recently, new emphasis has been given to the altered cellular metabolism of proliferating cancer cells which require high amount of glucose for energy production and macromolecules biosynthesis. Also TC displays alteration of energy metabolism orchestrated by oncogenes activation and tumor suppressors inactivation leading to abnormal proliferation. Furthermore, TC shows significant metabolic heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment and metabolic coupling between cancer and stromal cells. In this review we focus on the current knowledge of metabolic alterations of TC and speculate that targeting TC metabolism may improve current therapeutic protocols for poorly differentiated TC. Future studies will further deepen the actual understandings of the metabolic phenotype of TC cells and will give the chance to provide novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in tumors with a more aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ciavardelli
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
- Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-Met), Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Bellomo
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Ada Consalvo
- Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-Met), Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Vella
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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21
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Catalani S, Palma F, Battistelli S, Benedetti S. Oxidative stress and apoptosis induction in human thyroid carcinoma cells exposed to the essential oil from Pistacia lentiscus aerial parts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172138. [PMID: 28196126 PMCID: PMC5308852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Essential oils from the aerial parts (leaves, twigs and berries) of Pistacia lentiscus (PLEO) have been well characterized for their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties; however, poor information exists on their potential anticancer activity. Methods Increasing concentrations of PLEO (0.01–0.1% v/v, 80–800 μg/ml) were administered to a wide variety of cultured cancer cells from breast, cervix, colon, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid carcinomas. Fibroblasts were also included as healthy control cells. Cell viability was monitored by WST-8 assay up to 72 hours after PLEO administration. The intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the induction of apoptosis, and the enhancement of chemotherapeutic drug cytotoxicity by PLEO were further investigated in the most responsive cancer cell line. Results A dose-dependent reduction of tumor cell viability was observed upon PLEO exposure; while no cytotoxic effect was revealed in healthy fibroblasts. FTC-133 thyroid cancer cells were found to be the most sensitive cells to PLEO treatment; accordingly, an intracellular accumulation of ROS and an activation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways were evidenced in FTC-133 cells after PLEO administration. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the antineoplastic drugs cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and etoposide was enhanced in PLEO-exposed FTC-133 cells. Conclusion Taking into account its mode of action, PLEO might be considered as a promising source of natural antitumor agents which might have therapeutic potential in integrated oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Catalani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesco Palma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
| | - Serafina Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
| | - Serena Benedetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
- * E-mail:
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22
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Lan L, Basourakos S, Cui D, Zuo X, Deng W, Huo L, Chen L, Zhang G, Deng L, Shi B, Luo Y. Inhibiting β-catenin expression promotes efficiency of radioiodine treatment in aggressive follicular thyroid cancer cells probably through mediating NIS localization. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:426-434. [PMID: 27840971 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the efficacy of radioiodine therapy towards aggressive thyroid cancer cells was affected by β-catenin activity and associated with sodium/iodine symporter (NIS) localization. Human thyroid cancer cell line follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) 133 was endowed with aggressiveness by HIF-1α or β-catenin overexpression. The protein amount and subcellular localization of NIS, and the radioiodine uptake capacity were detected in the cells, as well as in cells subsequently undergoing β-catenin knockdown. Xenograft experiments were conducted to compare the tumor growth ability and responsiveness to radioactive treatment among HIF-1α and β-catenin overexpressing FTC cells, respectively with or without β-catenin knockdown. β-catenin increased upon HIF-1α overexpression, but not vice versa. This signal axis would prompt metastatic propensity in FTC cells, and translocate NIS from cytomembrane to cytoplasm. Consistently the radioiodine uptake capacity in the cells decreased obviously. Knockdown of β-catenin reversed all these changes. Furthermore, the xenograft experiments showed that radioiodine treatment could thoroughly suppress tumor growth ability of aggressive FTC cells only if the HIF-1α-induced β-catenin activation was disrupted by β-catenin knockdown. β-catenin nuclear translocation in tumor cells was accompanied by abnormal subcellular localization of NIS. Moreover, we found that only after inhibiting β-catenin expression, can the radioiodine treatment promote apoptosis other than repress proliferation and survival in xenograft tumor cells. In conclusion, aggressive FTC cells overexpressing HIF-1α will be fully cracked down by radioiodine therapy once β-catenin expression is inhibited, and regulated localization of NIS may account for underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Spyros Basourakos
- Department of Genitourinary, Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dai Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zuo
- Department of Genitourinary, Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Lili Huo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Linghai Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Lili Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Genitourinary, Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ab Mutalib NS, Othman SN, Mohamad Yusof A, Abdullah Suhaimi SN, Muhammad R, Jamal R. Integrated microRNA, gene expression and transcription factors signature in papillary thyroid cancer with lymph node metastasis. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2119. [PMID: 27350898 PMCID: PMC4918724 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest thyroid malignancy originating from the follicle cells in the thyroid. Despite a good overall prognosis, certain high-risk cases as in those with lymph node metastasis (LNM) have progressive disease and poorer prognosis. MicroRNAs are a class of non-protein-coding, 19–24 nucleotides single-stranded RNAs which regulate gene expression and these molecules have been shown to play a role in LNM. The integrated analysis of miRNAs and gene expression profiles together with transcription factors (TFs) has been shown to improve the identification of functional miRNA-target gene-TF relationships, providing a more complete view of molecular events underlying metastasis process. Objectives. We reanalyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets on PTC to identify differentially expressed miRNAs/genes in PTC patients with LNM-positive (LNM-P) versus lymph node negative (LNN) PTC patients and to investigate the miRNA-gene-TF regulatory circuit that regulate LNM in PTC. Results. PTC patients with LNM (PTC LNM-P) have a significantly shorter disease-free survival rate compared to PTC patients without LNM (PTC LNN) (Log-rank Mantel Cox test, p = 0.0049). We identified 181 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs in PTC LNM-P versus PTC LNN; 110 were upregulated and 71 were downregulated. The five topmost deregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-146b, hsa-miR-375, hsa-miR-31, hsa-miR-7-2 and hsa-miR-204. In addition, 395 miRNAs were differentially expressed between PTC LNM-P and normal thyroid while 400 miRNAs were differentially expressed between PTC LNN and normal thyroid. We found four significant enrichment pathways potentially involved in metastasis to the lymph nodes, namely oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), leukocyte transendothelial migration and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction. OxPhos was the most significantly perturbed pathway (p = 4.70E−06) involving downregulation of 90 OxPhos-related genes. Significant interaction of hsa-miR-301b with HLF, HIF and REL/NFkB transcription factors were identified exclusively in PTC LNM-P versus PTC LNN. Conclusion. We found evidence of five miRNAs differentially expressed in PTC LNM-P. Alteration in OxPhos pathway could be the central event in metastasis to the lymph node in PTC. We postulate that hsa-miR-301b might be involved in regulating LNM in PTC via interactions with HLF, HIF and REL/NFkB. To the best of our knowledge, the roles of these TFs have been studied in PTC but the precise role of this miRNA with these TFs in LNM in PTC has not been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sri Noraima Othman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azliana Mohamad Yusof
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Rohaizak Muhammad
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Li NA, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhao E. Knockdown of hypoxia inducible factor-2α inhibits cell invasion via the downregulation of MMP-2 expression in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3743-3748. [PMID: 27313686 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are important regulatory molecules of the intracellular oxygen-signaling pathway. The role of HIF-1α has been confirmed in breast carcinoma; however, little is understood concerning the function of HIF-2α. The present study treated human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells with the HIF activator cobalt chloride, and transfected HIF-2α small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) into MCF-7 cells to suppress HIF-2α expression. The siRNAs significantly reduced the levels of HIF-2α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in the treated MCF-7 cells. An invasion assay demonstrated that the siRNAs targeting HIF-2α inhibited the invasion potency of the cells. The present study concludes that loss of HIF-2α may be associated with a decreased risk for the progression of human breast cancer, due to the downregulation of the expression of MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Li
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Hongxing Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Erchen Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
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25
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Hima S, Sreeja S. Modulatory role of 17β-estradiol in the tumor microenvironment of thyroid cancer. IUBMB Life 2015; 68:85-96. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sithul Hima
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology; Thycaud Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - Sreeharshan Sreeja
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology; Thycaud Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
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26
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Yang YJ, Na HJ, Suh MJ, Ban MJ, Byeon HK, Kim WS, Kim JW, Choi EC, Kwon HJ, Chang JW, Koh YW. Hypoxia Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Follicular Thyroid Cancer: Involvement of Regulation of Twist by Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α. Yonsei Med J 2015; 56:1503-14. [PMID: 26446630 PMCID: PMC4630036 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2015.56.6.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) has a relatively fair prognosis, distant metastasis sometimes results in poor prognosis and survival. There is little understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the aggressiveness potential of thyroid cancer. We showed that hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) induced aggressiveness in FTC cells and identified the underlying mechanism of the HIF-1α-induced invasive characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were cultured under controlled hypoxic environments (1% O₂) or normoxic conditions. The effect of hypoxia on HIF-1α, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. Invasion and wound healing assay were conducted to identify functional character of EMT. The involvement of HIF-1α and Twist in EMT were studied using gene overexpression or silencing. After orthotopic nude mouse model was established using the cells transfected with lentiviral shHIF-1α, tissue analysis was done. RESULTS Hypoxia induces HIF-1α expression and EMT, including typical morphologic changes, cadherin shift, and increased vimentin expression. We showed that overexpression of HIF-1α via transfection resulted in the aforementioned changes without hypoxia, and repression of HIF-1α with RNA interference suppressed hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and EMT. Furthermore, we also observed that Twist expression was regulated by HIF-1α. These were confirmed in the orthotopic FTC model. CONCLUSION Hypoxia induced HIF-1α, which in turn induced EMT, resulting in the increased capacity for invasion and migration of cells via regulation of the Twist signal pathway in FTC cells. These findings provide insight into a possible therapeutic strategy to prevent invasive and metastatic FTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ju Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwi Jung Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michelle J Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Ban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Kwon Byeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Shik Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Chang Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Ju Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Yoon Woo Koh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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27
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Garufi A, D'Orazi V, Crispini A, D'Orazi G. Zn(II)-curc targets p53 in thyroid cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1241-8. [PMID: 26314369 PMCID: PMC4583539 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutation is a common event in many cancers, including thyroid carcinoma. Defective p53 activity promotes cancer resistance to therapies and a more malignant phenotype, acquiring oncogenic functions. Rescuing the function of mutant p53 (mutp53) protein is an attractive anticancer therapeutic strategy. Zn(II)-curc is a novel small molecule that has been shown to target mutp53 protein in several cancer cells, but its effect in thyroid cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether Zn(II)-curc could affect p53 in thyroid cancer cells with both p53 mutation (R273H) and wild-type p53. Zn(II)-curc induced mutp53H273 downregulation and reactivation of wild-type functions, such as binding to canonical target promoters and target gene transactivation. This latter effect was similar to that induced by PRIMA-1. In addition, Zn(II)-curc triggered p53 target gene expression in wild-type p53-carrying cells. In combination treatments, Zn(II)-curc enhanced the antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic drugs, in both mutant and wild-type-carrying cancer cells. Taken together, our data indicate that Zn(II)-curc promotes the reactivation of p53 in thyroid cancer cells, providing in vitro evidence for a potential therapeutic approach in thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Garufi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio D'Orazi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Crispini
- Department of Chemistry and Technologic Chemistry, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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28
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2ME2 inhibits the activated hypoxia-inducible pathways by cabozantinib and enhances its efficacy against medullary thyroid carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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29
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Wu C, Schwartz JM, Brabant G, Nenadic G. Molecular profiling of thyroid cancer subtypes using large-scale text mining. BMC Med Genomics 2014; 7 Suppl 3:S3. [PMID: 25521965 PMCID: PMC4290788 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-7-s3-s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor with a steady increase in incidence. It is classified into multiple histopathological subtypes with potentially distinct molecular mechanisms. Identifying the most relevant genes and biological pathways reported in the thyroid cancer literature is vital for understanding of the disease and developing targeted therapeutics. Results We developed a large-scale text mining system to generate a molecular profiling of thyroid cancer subtypes. The system first uses a subtype classification method for the thyroid cancer literature, which employs a scoring scheme to assign different subtypes to articles. We evaluated the classification method on a gold standard derived from the PubMed Supplementary Concept annotations, achieving a micro-average F1-score of 85.9% for primary subtypes. We then used the subtype classification results to extract genes and pathways associated with different thyroid cancer subtypes and successfully unveiled important genes and pathways, including some instances that are missing from current manually annotated databases or most recent review articles. Conclusions Identification of key genes and pathways plays a central role in understanding the molecular biology of thyroid cancer. An integration of subtype context can allow prioritized screening for diagnostic biomarkers and novel molecular targeted therapeutics. Source code used for this study is made freely available online at https://github.com/chengkun-wu/GenesThyCan.
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30
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Ravenna L, Principessa L, Verdina A, Salvatori L, Russo MA, Petrangeli E. Distinct phenotypes of human prostate cancer cells associate with different adaptation to hypoxia and pro-inflammatory gene expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96250. [PMID: 24801981 PMCID: PMC4011733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and inflammation are strictly interconnected both concurring to prostate cancer progression. Numerous reports highlight the role of tumor cells in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules and show that hypoxia can modulate a number of these genes contributing substantially to the increase of cancer aggressiveness. However, little is known about the importance of the tumor phenotype in this process. The present study explores how different features, including differentiation and aggressiveness, of prostate tumor cell lines impact on the hypoxic remodeling of pro-inflammatory gene expression and malignancy. We performed our studies on three cell lines with increasing metastatic potential: the well differentiated androgen-dependent LNCaP and the less differentiated and androgen-independent DU145 and PC3. We analyzed the effect that hypoxic treatment has on modulating pro-inflammatory gene expression and evaluated the role HIF isoforms and NF-kB play in sustaining this process. DU145 and PC3 cells evidenced a higher normoxic expression and a more complete hypoxic induction of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to the well differentiated LNCaP cell line. The role of HIF1α and NF-kB, the master regulators of hypoxia and inflammation respectively, in sustaining the hypoxic pro-inflammatory phenotype was different according to cell type. NF-kB was observed to play a main role in DU145 and PC3 cells in which treatment with the NF-kB inhibitor parthenolide was able to counteract both the hypoxic pro-inflammatory shift and HIF1α activation but not in LNCaP cells. Our data highlight that tumor prostate cell phenotype contributes at a different degree and with different mechanisms to the hypoxic pro-inflammatory gene expression related to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ravenna
- CNR, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
- Department for the Development of Therapeutic Programs, CRS, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Lorenzo Principessa
- Department of Sensory Organs, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Verdina
- Department for the Development of Therapeutic Programs, CRS, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Salvatori
- CNR, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
- Department for the Development of Therapeutic Programs, CRS, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Antonio Russo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Petrangeli
- CNR, Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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Studies of Secondary Melanoma on C57BL/6J Mouse Liver Using 1H NMR Metabolomics. Metabolites 2013; 3:1011-35. [PMID: 24958263 PMCID: PMC3937829 DOI: 10.3390/metabo3041011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR metabolomics, consisting of solid state high resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) 1H-NMR, liquid state high resolution 1H-NMR, and principal components analysis (PCA) has been used to study secondary metastatic B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6J mouse liver. The melanoma group can be differentiated from its control group by PCA analysis of the estimates of absolute concentrations from liquid state 1H-NMR spectra on liver tissue extracts or by the estimates of absolute peak intensities of metabolites from 1H HR-MAS-NMR data on intact liver tissues. In particular, we found that the estimates of absolute concentrations of glutamate, creatine, fumarate and cholesterol are elevated in the melanoma group as compared to controls, while the estimates of absolute concentrations of succinate, glycine, glucose, and the family of linear lipids including long chain fatty acids, total choline and acyl glycerol are decreased. The ratio of glycerophosphocholine (GPC) to phosphocholine (PCho) is increased by about 1.5 fold in the melanoma group, while the estimate of absolute concentration of total choline is actually lower in melanoma mice. These results suggest the following picture in secondary melanoma metastasis: Linear lipid levels are decreased by beta oxidation in the melanoma group, which contributes to an increase in the synthesis of cholesterol, and also provides an energy source input for TCA cycle. These findings suggest a link between lipid oxidation, the TCA cycle and the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) signal pathway in tumor metastases. Thus, this study indicates that the metabolic profile derived from NMR analysis can provide a valuable bio-signature of malignancy and cell hypoxia in metastatic melanoma.
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Koperek O, Akin E, Asari R, Niederle B, Neuhold N. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in papillary thyroid carcinoma is associated with desmoplastic stromal reaction and lymph node metastasis. Virchows Arch 2013; 463:795-802. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tissue Reactivity of the 14F7 Mab Raised against N-Glycolyl GM3 Ganglioside in Tumors of Neuroectodermal, Mesodermal, and Epithelial Origin. J Biomark 2013; 2013:602417. [PMID: 26317019 PMCID: PMC4437369 DOI: 10.1155/2013/602417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of N-glycolylneuraminic acid forming the structure of gangliosides and/or other glycoconjugates (Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen) in human has been considered as a tumor-associated antigen. Specifically, some reports of 14F7 Mab (a highly specific Mab raised against N-glycolyl GM3 ganglioside) reactivity in human tumors have been recently published. Nevertheless, tumors of epithelial origin have been mostly evaluated. The goal of the present paper was to evaluate the immunohistochemical recognition of 14F7 Mab in different human tumors of neuroectodermal, mesodermal, and epithelial origins using an immunoperoxidase staining method. Samples of fetal, normal, and reactive astrocytosis of the brain were also included in the study. In general, nontumoral tissues, as well as, low-grade brain tumors showed no or a limited immunoreaction with 14F7 Mab. Nevertheless, high-grade astrocytomas (III-IV) and neuroblastomas, as well as, sarcomas and thyroid carcinomas were mostly reactive with 14F7. No reaction was evidenced in medulloblastomas and ependymoblastomas. Our data suggest that the expression of N-glycolyl GM3 ganglioside could be related to the aggressive behavior of malignant cells, without depending on the tumor origin. Our data could also support the possible use of N-glycolyl GM3 as a target for both active and passive immunotherapies of malignancies expressing this molecule.
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Voronkov A, Krauss S. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and small molecule inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:634-64. [PMID: 23016862 PMCID: PMC3529405 DOI: 10.2174/138161213804581837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a branch of a functional network that dates back to the first metazoans and it is involved in a broad range of biological systems including stem cells, embryonic development and adult organs. Deregulation of components involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases including a number of cancers and degenerative diseases. The key mediator of Wnt signaling, β-catenin, serves several cellular functions. It functions in a dynamic mode at multiple cellular locations, including the plasma membrane, where β-catenin contributes to the stabilization of intercellular adhesive complexes, the cytoplasm where β-catenin levels are regulated and the nucleus where β-catenin is involved in transcriptional regulation and chromatin interactions. Central effectors of β-catenin levels are a family of cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins, known as Wnt morphogens. Through the LRP5/6-Frizzled receptor complex, Wnts regulate the location and activity of the destruction complex and consequently intracellular β- catenin levels. However, β-catenin levels and their effects on transcriptional programs are also influenced by multiple other factors including hypoxia, inflammation, hepatocyte growth factor-mediated signaling, and the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. The broad implications of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development, in the adult body and in disease render the pathway a prime target for pharmacological research and development. The intricate regulation of β-catenin at its various locations provides alternative points for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Voronkov
- SFI-CAST Biomedical Innovation Center, Unit for Cell Signaling, Oslo University Hospital, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleén 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Krauss
- SFI-CAST Biomedical Innovation Center, Unit for Cell Signaling, Oslo University Hospital, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleén 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
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Apparent versus true gene expression changes of three hypoxia-related genes in autopsy derived tissue and the importance of normalisation. Int J Legal Med 2012; 127:335-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-012-0787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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36
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De Santis E, Di Vito M, Perrone GA, Mari E, Osti M, De Antoni E, Coppola L, Tafani M, Carpi A, Russo MA. Overexpression of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulation of SOCS-1 in human PTC and in hypoxic BCPAP cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2012; 67:7-16. [PMID: 23089475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is frequently overexpressed and activated in many cancer types. However, its regulation and function in thyroid carcinomas are only partially known. Aim of our study was to demonstrate that adaptation to the hypoxic micro-environment by human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, in the absence of leukocyte infiltrate, induces a "molecular inflammation" process characterized by the expression of a large set of genes normally involved in inflammation. To address this, tumor, peritumor or normal host tissue from eleven human PTC surgical samples, were separated by laser capture microdissection (LCMD) and studied by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. In such condition, we observed an increased expression and activation of HIF-1α, NF-kB and pro-inflammatory genes only in tumor tissues. Importantly, an anti-inflammatory gene such as SOCS-1 was markedly down-regulated in tumor tissue compared to surrounding normal host tissue. Similar results were found in fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)-derived specimens from PTC and in hypoxic human papillary thyroid tumor cell line, BCPAP. Moreover, we also detected an elevated expression of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) both in solid tumor and in hypoxic-treated BCPAP cells. Our findings reveal that, in human PTC tumor, hypoxic conditions are accompanied by up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes, down-regulation of anti-inflammatory genes and increased expression of MMP9. We propose that a better understanding of the pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways involved in the "molecular inflammation" process even in the absence of leukocyte, may help to clarify progression toward malignancy and may prove useful for new anti-tumor strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Santis
- Department of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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