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Teng C, Ren R, Liu Z, Wang J, Shi S, Kang YE, Koo BS, Lu W, Shan Y. C15:0 and C17:0 partially mediate the association of milk and dairy products with bladder cancer risk. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2586-2605. [PMID: 38056566 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and bladder cancer (BC) risk has been conflicting. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between erythrocyte membrane SFA and BC risk. A total of 404 participants were enrolled in the study (including 112 cases and 292 controls). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the food intake. The constitutive composition of fatty acids in the erythrocyte membrane was measured by gas chromatography. After adjustment for BC risk factors, SFA had no significant association with BC risk. However, C18:0 was positively linked with BC risk with an odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) of 2.99 (1.37-6.53). In contrast, very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFA), especially C24:0, were negatively related to BC risk with an OR (95% CI) of 0.28 (0.12-0.65) for VLCSFA and 0.33 (0.15-0.75) for C24:0. Higher total odd-chain SFA (C15:0 and C17:0) were associated with a lower risk of BC with OR (95% CI) of 0.18 (0.076-0.44), 0.18 (0.068-0.47), 0.34 (0.14-0.81), respectively. After subgroup analysis, the protective effects C15:0 and C17:0 were still remained. Receiver operating characteristic analysis displayed that the combination of C15:0 and C17:0 indexes increased the accurate predictive rate of BC risk. Further mediation effect analysis showed that C15:0 and C17:0 could be used as partial mediation effectors for milk and dairy products and bladder carcinogenesis. Overall, the combination of odd-chain SFA (C15:0 and C17:0) in the erythrocyte membrane could serve as a reliable mediator and predictor, indicating a relationship between a high intake of milk and dairy products and a lower risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Teng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rui Ren
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shengchao Shi
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Weihong Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Yujuan Shan
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Southern Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Ju SH, Ji YB, Song M, Lim JY, Heo DB, Kim MG, Chang JW, Won HR, Kang YE, Ku EJ, Kim M, Lee EK, Choi JY, Yu HW, Park YJ, Choe JH, Koo BS. Feasibility of active surveillance in patients with clinically T1b papillary thyroid carcinoma ≤1.5 cm in preoperative ultrasonography: MASTER study. Eur Thyroid J 2024; 13:e230258. [PMID: 38484463 PMCID: PMC11046321 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Active surveillance (AS) is generally accepted as an alternative to immediate surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) measuring ≤1.0 cm (cT1a) without risk factors. This study investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of PTCs measuring ≤2.0 cm without cervical lymph node metastasis (cT1N0) by tumor size group to assess the feasibility of AS for PTCs between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm (cT1b≤1.5). Design This study enrolled clinically T1N0 patients with preoperative ultrasonography information (n= 935) from a cohort of 1259 patients who underwent lobectomy and were finally diagnosed with PTC from June 2020 to March 2022. Results The cT1b≤1.5 group (n = 171; 18.3 %) exhibited more lymphatic invasion and occult central lymph node (LN) metastasis with a higher metastatic LN ratio than the cT1a group (n = 719; 76.9 %). However, among patients aged 55 years or older, there were no significant differences in occult central LN metastasis and metastatic LN ratio between the cT1a, cT1b≤1.5, and cT1b>1.5 groups. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that occult central LN metastasis was associated with age, sex, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and lymphatic invasion in patients under 55, while in those aged 55 or older, it was associated only with age and lymphatic invasion. Conclusion For PTC patients aged 55 years or older with cT1b≤1.5, AS could be a viable option due to the absence of a significant relationship between tumor size and occult central LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Youl Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Choe
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Heo DB, Won HR, Tae K, Kang YE, Jeon E, Ji YB, Chang JW, Choi JY, Yu HW, Ku EJ, Lee EK, Kim M, Choe JH, Koo BS. Clinical impact of coexistent chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on central lymph node metastasis in low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: The MASTER study. Surgery 2024; 175:1049-1054. [PMID: 38281855 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinicopathological impact of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma patients is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic differences and risk factors for central lymph node metastasis based on the presence of coexistent chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in patients with low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS The medical records of 1,022 patients with low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent lobectomy and central neck dissection between June 2020 and March 2022 were reviewed. Differences in clinicopathological factors were analyzed in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with or without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Furthermore, risk factors for central lymph node metastasis in patients with low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma with or without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were evaluated. RESULTS Among the 1,022 patients with low to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma, 102 (10.0%) had coexisting chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Female sex (odds ratio = 3.536, P = .001, 95% confidence interval 1.781-8.069), a multifocal tumor (odds ratio = 2.162, P = .001, 95% confidence interval 1.358-3.395), and angiolymphatic invasion (odds ratio = 0.365, P < .001, 95% confidence interval 0.203-0.625) were independent factors associated with patients who had coexisting chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis compared to those without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. There were 358 (35%) patients who had central lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis showed that younger age (odds ratio = 0.667, P = .013, 95% confidence interval 0.482-0.555), male sex (odds ratio = 0.549, P < .001, 95% confidence interval 0.402-0.751), tumor size >1 cm (odds ratio = 1.454, P = .022, 95% confidence interval 1.053-2.003), extrathyroidal extension (odds ratio = 1.874, P < .001, 95% confidence interval 1.414-2.486), and angiolymphatic invasion (odds ratio = 3.094, P < .001, 95% confidence interval 2.339-4.101) were risk factors for central lymph node metastasis. Angiolymphatic invasion (odds ratio = 11.184, P < .001, 95% confidence interval 3.277-46.199) was identified as the sole independent risk factor for central lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with coexisting chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that patients with low to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma with coexistent chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis exhibit different clinical features than patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Additionally, the presence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis may be considered a potential factor against central lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Choe
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Ju SH, Lim JY, Song M, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ. Distinct effects of rosuvastatin and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe on senescence markers of CD8+ T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336357. [PMID: 38586464 PMCID: PMC10996898 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chronic low-grade inflammation is widely recognized as a pathophysiological defect contributing to β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Statin therapy is known to ameliorate CD8+ T cell senescence, a mediator of chronic inflammation. However, the additional immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of statin or statin/ezetimibe combination treatment on T cell senescence markers. Methods In this two-group parallel and randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 149 patients with T2DM whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 100 mg/dL or higher. Patients were randomly assigned to either the rosuvastatin group (N=74) or the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (N=75). The immunophenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and metabolic profiles were analyzed using samples from baseline and post-12 weeks of medication. Results The fractions of CD8+CD57+ (senescent CD8+ T cells) and CD4+FoxP3+ (Treg) significantly decreased after intervention in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (-4.5 ± 14.1% and -1.2 ± 2.3%, respectively), while these fractions showed minimal change in the rosuvastatin group (2.8 ± 9.4% and 1.4 ± 1.5%, respectively). The degree of LDL-C reduction was correlated with an improvement in HbA1c (R=0.193, p=0.021). Changes in the CD8+CD57+ fraction positively correlated with patient age (R=0.538, p=0.026). Notably, the fraction change in senescent CD8+ T cells showed no significant relationship with changes in either HbA1c (p=0.314) or LDL-C (p=0.592). Finally, the ratio of naïve to memory CD8+ T cells increased in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (p=0.011), but not in the rosuvastatin group (p=0.339). Conclusions We observed a reduction in senescent CD8+ T cells and an increase in the ratio of naive to memory CD8+ T cells with rosuvastatin/ezetimibe treatment. Our results demonstrate the immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe in combination with statins, independent of improvements in lipid or HbA1c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Youl Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee SE, Park S, Yi S, Choi NR, Lim MA, Chang JW, Won HR, Kim JR, Ko HM, Chung EJ, Park YJ, Cho SW, Yu HW, Choi JY, Yeo MK, Yi B, Yi K, Lim J, Koh JY, Lee MJ, Heo JY, Yoon SJ, Kwon SW, Park JL, Chu IS, Kim JM, Kim SY, Shan Y, Liu L, Hong SA, Choi DW, Park JO, Ju YS, Shong M, Kim SK, Koo BS, Kang YE. Unraveling the role of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway in undifferentiated thyroid cancer by multi-omics analyses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1163. [PMID: 38331894 PMCID: PMC10853200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the serine/glycine metabolic pathway (SGP) has recently been demonstrated in tumors; however, the pathological relevance of the SGP in thyroid cancer remains unexplored. Here, we perform metabolomic profiling of 17 tumor-normal pairs; bulk transcriptomics of 263 normal thyroid, 348 papillary, and 21 undifferentiated thyroid cancer samples; and single-cell transcriptomes from 15 cases, showing the impact of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism in thyroid tumors. High expression of serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is associated with low thyroid differentiation scores and poor clinical features. A subpopulation of tumor cells with high mitochondrial one-carbon pathway activity is observed in the single-cell dataset. SHMT2 inhibition significantly compromises mitochondrial respiration and decreases cell proliferation and tumor size in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway in undifferentiated thyroid cancer and suggest that SHMT2 is a potent therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeol Park
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Mi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Yi
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijong Yi
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonoh Lim
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Koh
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyul Park
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Chu
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujuan Shan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sung-A Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Young Seok Ju
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Han JH, Joung KH, Lee JC, Kim OS, Choung S, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Ku BJ, Kim HJ. Comparative Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy and Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammatory Response in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:112-121. [PMID: 38173371 PMCID: PMC10850282 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which are the main factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to compare the effects of rosuvastatin monotherapy and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and vascular inflammatory response in patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 101 patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia were randomized to either rosuvastatin monotherapy (5 mg/day, n=47) or rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy (5 mg/10 mg/day, n=45) and treated for 12 weeks. Serum lipids, glucose, insulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) levels were determined before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by more than 50% from baseline after treatment was more in the combination therapy group. The serum sICAM-1 levels increased significantly in both groups, but there was no difference between the two groups. The significant changes in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and PRDX4 were confirmed only in the subgroup in which LDL-C was reduced by 50% or more in the combination therapy group. However, after adjusting for diabetes mellitus duration and hypertension, the changes in HOMA-IR and PRDX4 were not significant between the two groups. CONCLUSION Although rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy had a greater LDL-C reduction effect than rosuvastatin monotherapy, it had no additional effects on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response. Further studies are needed on the effect of long-term treatment with ezetimibe on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Han
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jun Choul Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ok Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sorim Choung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Lee JK, Ku EJ, Kim SJ, Kim W, Cho JW, Jung KY, Yu HW, Kang YE, Kim M, Kim HK, Ryu J, Choi JY. Effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression on quality of life in thyroid lobectomy patients: interim analysis of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial in low- to intermediate-risk thyroid cancer patients (MASTER study). Ann Surg Treat Res 2024; 106:19-30. [PMID: 38205091 PMCID: PMC10774702 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2024.106.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Current clinical practices favor less or no thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression for low- to intermediate-risk thyroid cancer patients who receive thyroid lobectomy. The association of TSH suppression on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in patients after thyroid lobectomy is not well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TSH suppression on patient HR-QoL after thyroid lobectomy. Methods This study included patients enrolled in an ongoing, multicenter, randomized controlled study investigating the effects of TSH suppression. Patients were randomized to either the low-TSH group (TSH target range, 0.3-1.99 µIU/mL) or the high-TSH group (TSH target range, 2.0-7.99 µIU/mL). The HR-QoL, hyperthyroidism symptom, and depression symptom questionnaires performed preoperatively and 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively were evaluated. Results Total of 669 patients (low-TSH group, 340; high-TSH group, 329) were included. Although total HR-QoL score changes were not different between the 2 groups, the high-TSH group had a significantly higher score in the physical domain at postoperative 3 months (P = 0.046). The 2 groups did not have significant differences in hyperthyroidism and depression scores. Conclusion In the short-term postoperative period, the physical HR-QoL scores in thyroid lobectomy patients were better when they did not receive TSH suppression. This study suggests the importance of considering HR-QoL when setting TSH suppression targets in thyroid lobectomy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Kyung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woochul Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Cho
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Yeun Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Junsun Ryu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Thyroid Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lakhani A, Kang DH, Kang YE, Park JO. Toward Systems-Level Metabolic Analysis in Endocrine Disorders and Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:619-630. [PMID: 37989266 PMCID: PMC10764991 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is a dynamic network of biochemical reactions that support systemic homeostasis amidst changing nutritional, environmental, and physical activity factors. The circulatory system facilitates metabolite exchange among organs, while the endocrine system finely tunes metabolism through hormone release. Endocrine disorders like obesity, diabetes, and Cushing's syndrome disrupt this balance, contributing to systemic inflammation and global health burdens. They accompany metabolic changes on multiple levels from molecular interactions to individual organs to the whole body. Understanding how metabolic fluxes relate to endocrine disorders illuminates the underlying dysregulation. Cancer is increasingly considered a systemic disorder because it not only affects cells in localized tumors but also the whole body, especially in metastasis. In tumorigenesis, cancer-specific mutations and nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment reprogram cellular metabolism to meet increased energy and biosynthesis needs. Cancer cachexia results in metabolic changes to other organs like muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. This review explores the interplay between the endocrine system and systems-level metabolism in health and disease. We highlight metabolic fluxes in conditions like obesity, diabetes, Cushing's syndrome, and cancers. Recent advances in metabolomics, fluxomics, and systems biology promise new insights into dynamic metabolism, offering potential biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Lakhani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Da Hyun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Junyoung O. Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sim BC, Kang YE, You SK, Lee SE, Nga HT, Lee HY, Nguyen TL, Moon JS, Tian J, Jang HJ, Lee JE, Yi HS. Hepatic T-cell senescence and exhaustion are implicated in the progression of fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and mouse model with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:618. [PMID: 37735474 PMCID: PMC10514041 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Immunosenescence and exhaustion are involved in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic liver diseases, including fatty liver, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, in humans. However, the relationships of the senescence and exhaustion of T cells with insulin resistance-associated liver diseases remain incompletely understood. To better define the relationship of T2D with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 59 patients (mean age 58.7 ± 11.0 years; 47.5% male) with T2D were studied. To characterize their systemic immunophenotypes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based proton density fat fraction and MRI-based elastography were performed using an open-bore, vertical-field 3.0 T scanner to quantify liver fat and fibrosis, respectively. The participants with insulin resistance had a significantly larger population of CD28 - CD57+ senescent T cells among the CD4+ and CD8 + T cells than those with lower Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values. The abundances of senescent CD4+ and CD8 + T cells and the HOMA-IR positively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis, assessed using MRI-based elastography. Interleukin 15 from hepatic monocytes was found to be an inducer of bystander activation of T cells, which is associated with progression of liver disease in the participants with T2D. Furthermore, high expression of genes related to senescence and exhaustion was identified in CD4+ and CD8 + T cells from the participants with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or liver cirrhosis. Finally, we have also demonstrated that hepatic T-cell senescence and exhaustion are induced in a diet or chemical-induced mouse model with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In conclusion, we have shown that T-cell senescence is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic liver disease in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Chang Sim
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kyoung You
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Ju Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Song MK, Kim JE, Kim JT, Kang YE, Han SJ, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ, Lee JH. GDF10 is related to obesity as an adipokine derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1159515. [PMID: 37529611 PMCID: PMC10390302 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1159515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adipokines are proteins that are secreted by the adipose tissue. Although they are associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders, most studies have focused on adipokines expressed by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study aimed to identify the adipokine potentially derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and its clinical significance. Methods Samples of SAT and VAT were obtained from six adult male patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for benign gall bladder disease. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed by subjecting the samples to RNA sequencing. The serum concentration of selected proteins according to body mass index (BMI) was analyzed in 58 individuals. Results GDF10 showed significantly higher expression in the SAT, as per RNA sequencing (fold change = 5.8, adjusted P value = 0.009). Genes related to insulin response, glucose homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, and fatty acid metabolism were suppressed when GDF10 expression was high in SAT, as per genotype-tissue expression data. The serum GDF10 concentration was higher in participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (n = 35, 2674 ± 441 pg/mL) than in those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 23, 2339 ± 639 pg/mL; P = 0.022). There was a positive correlation between BMI and serum GDF10 concentration (r = 0.308, P = 0.019). Conclusions GDF10 expression was higher in SAT than in VAT. Serum GDF10 concentration was high in patients with obesity. Therefore, GDF10 could be a SAT-derived protein related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jong Han
- Department of General Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hwan Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee SE, Park S, Yi S, Lim J, Choi NR, Kwak J, Koh JY, Yi B, Koo J, Chang JW, Ju YS, Koo BS, Kim JM, Park YJ, Shong M, Lee EK, Won JK, Kang YE, Lee KE. Abstract 6069: Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of medullary thyroid cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare thyroid malignancy derived from the parafollicular C cells of thyroid gland. It features relatively aggressive biologic behavior among thyroid cancers, but its genomic landscape has not yet been fully explored. Here, we conducted multi-omics data (whole genome sequencing (WGS), and bulk (bulk RNA-seq) or single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq)) on MTC, and found genetic characteristics of MTC and a new gene signature predicting aggressiveness of tumors. WGS was performed for 35 pairs of tumor specimens and normal thyroid tissues from 30 patients. And bulk RNA-seq for 59 samples (20 normal thyroid tissues, 26 primary MTCs, 9 recurred lymph nodes, and 4 metastatic lymph nodes) and snRNA-seq for 3 primary MTCs, and 2 recurred/metastatic lymph nodes were also performed. In WGS results, we verified driver mutations, including RET, RAS, and BRAF. Four patients were classified as germline RET mutations based on familial history. Somatic RET M918T mutations were occurred in 8 patients, 9 patients were observed other RET mutations. Also, we observed other somatic mutations such as HRAS and BRAF. Seven patients occurred somatic HRAS mutations (Q61L, Q61R, G13R, A11 and G15), and somatic BRAF mutations (G469A, K601E) were observed in two patients. We found broad-level copy-number alterations in ~50% of patients, and we also found a patient who shows whole-genome duplication. The copy-number alteration was associated with aggressive phenotype in MTC. In addition, we found complex rearrangements such as microhomology-mediated break-induced replication in five patients. Interestingly, we found intra-tumoral heterogeneity of several genes related to C cell differentiation through snRNA-seq analysis by comparing clusters of tumor cells. Using the genes, we calculated the C cell differentiation score of the samples with bulk RNA-seq by GSVA algorithm. This score was related to poor clinical characteristics such as recurrence. In conclusion, multi-omics profiling of MTC reveals that copy number alterations and C cell differentiation status are the important biomarkers for cancer aggressiveness.
Citation Format: Seong Eun Lee, Seongyeol Park, Shinae Yi, Joonoh Lim, Na Rae Choi, JungHak Kwak, June-Young Koh, Boram Yi, Jaemo Koo, Jae Won Chang, Young Seok Ju, Bon Seok Koo, Jin Man Kim, Young Joo Park, Minho Shong, Eun Kyung Lee, Jae Kyung Won, Yea Eun Kang, Kyu Eun Lee. Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of medullary thyroid cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeol Park
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinae Yi
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonoh Lim
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Choi
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - JungHak Kwak
- 3Seoul National University Hospital & College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Young Koh
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Yi
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemo Koo
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Ju
- 2GENOME INSIGHT THECNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- 3Seoul National University Hospital & College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae Kyung Won
- 3Seoul National University Hospital & College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- 1Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- 3Seoul National University Hospital & College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Won HR, Jeon E, Heo DB, Chang JW, Shong M, Kim JR, Ko H, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Joung KH, Kim JM, Lee Y, Kim SW, Jeong YJ, Ji YB, Tae K, Koo BS. Age-Dependent Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with T1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Implications for the Possibility of Active Surveillance. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2246-2253. [PMID: 36581723 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-13011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active surveillance (AS) of low-risk T1a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is generally accepted as an alternative to immediate surgery. The cut-off in the size criterion for AS has recently been extended in select individuals, especially older patients. We evaluated the clinicopathological differences of T1b PTC according to age to investigate the possibility of AS in older patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a cohort study of 1269 patients undergoing lobectomy for PTC, 1223 PTC patients with T1 stage disease (tumor ≤ 2 cm) were enrolled. The clinicopathological characteristics between T1a and T1b patients according to age were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 1223 T1 cases, 918 (75.1%) were T1a (≤ 1 cm) and 305 (34.9%) T1b (> 1 and ≤ 2 cm). T1b PTC was associated with male sex, minimal extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, occult central lymph node (LN) metastasis, and a higher number of metastatic LNs than T1a. However, in patients over 55 years of age, the clinicopathological features of the patients with T1a and T1b PTC were not significantly different except for minimal extrathyroidal extension, although many clinicopathological differences were observed in patients under 55 years of age. CONCLUSION The clinicopathological features of patients with T1b PTC over 55 years of age are similar to those with T1a PTC and less aggressive than those with T1b PTC under 55 years of age. These findings suggest that AS may be possible in patients with T1b PTC over 55 years of age without high-risk features on preoperative examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younju Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Won HR, Jeon E, Heo DB, Chang JW, Shong M, Kim JR, Ko H, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Joung KH, Kim JM, Lee Y, Kim SW, Jeong YJ, Ji YB, Tae K, Koo BS. ASO Author Reflections: Active Surveillance may be Possible in Patients with T1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Over 55 Years of Age Without High-Risk Features on Preoperative Examinations. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2254-2255. [PMID: 36629990 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-13047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younju Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kang DH, Song MK, Ju SH, Lee SI, Kang YE. Propylthiouracil-Induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Positive Vasculitis and Agranulocytosis: A Rare Case with Life-Threatening Multiple Systemic Manifestations. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:282-284. [PMID: 36914241 PMCID: PMC10164498 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Da Hyun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Song-I Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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15
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Kang YM, Koo BS, Yi HS, Kim JT, Park B, Lee JH, Shong M, Kang YE. Association between DIO2 Thr92Ala polymorphism and hypertension in patients with hypothyroidism: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:226-237. [PMID: 36646987 PMCID: PMC9993109 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2022.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recent evidence has identified the significance of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2) in various diseases. However, the role of DIO2 polymorphism in metabolic parameters in patients with hypothyroidism is not fully understood. METHODS We assessed the polymorphism of the DIO2 gene and various clinical parameters in 118 patients who were diagnosed with hypothyroidism from the Ansan-Anseong cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data. RESULTS A total of 118 participants with hypothyroidism were recruited; 32 (27.1%) were homozygous for the Thr allele, 86 (73.9%) were homozygous for the Ala allele or heterozygous. Patients with hypothyroidism with DIO2 polymorphism without hypertension at baseline had higher incidence of hypertension compared to patients without DIO2 polymorphism. Analysis of the GTEx database revealed that elevation of DIO2 expression is associated with enhancement of genes involved in blood vessel regulation and angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Commonly inherited variation in the DIO2 gene is associated with high blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in patients with hypothyroidism. Our results suggest that genetic variation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid pathway in influencing susceptibility to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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16
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Kim HJ, Nguyen Q, Jung SN, Lim MA, Oh C, Piao Y, Jin Y, Kang YE, Kim JH, Kim YI, Chang JW, Won HR, Koo BS. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L14 promotes cell growth and invasion through modulating ROS in thyroid cancer. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 16:184-197. [PMID: 36822197 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2022.01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The mitochondrial ribosomal protein L14 (MRPL14) is encoded by a nuclear gene and participates in mitochondrial protein translation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of MRPL14 in thyroid carcinoma. Methods We investigated the association of expression of MRPL14 and clinicopathological features using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chungnam National University Hospital (CNUH) databases. Functional studies of MRPL14, including proliferation, migration, invasion, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, were performed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell lines (B-CPAP and KTC-1). Results Based on TCGA dataset, PTC tissues lost mitochondrial integrity and showed dysregulated expression of overall mitoribosomal proteins (MRPs) compared with normal thyroid tissues. Of 78 MRPs, MRPL14 was highly expressed in thyroid carcinoma tissues. MRPL14 overexpression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis. MRL14 increased cell proliferation of thyroid cancer and promoted cell migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. Moreover, MRPL14 knockdown reduced the expression of oxidative phosphorylation complex IV (MTCO1) and increased the accumulation of ROS. Co-treatment with a ROS scavenger restored cell proliferation and migration reduced by MRPL14 knockdown, which imply that ROS functions as a key regulator of the oncogenic effects of MRPL14 in thyroid cancer cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate that MRPL14 may promote cell growth, migration, and invasion through modulating ROS in thyroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jong Kim
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - QuocKhanh Nguyen
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yudan Piao
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - YanLi Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju-Hui Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
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17
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Hong Y, Kim HJ, Park S, Yi S, Lim MA, Lee SE, Chang JW, Won HR, Kim JR, Ko H, Kim SY, Kim SK, Park JL, Chu IS, Kim JM, Kim KH, Lee JH, Ju YS, Shong M, Koo BS, Park WY, Kang YE. Single Cell Analysis of Human Thyroid Reveals the Transcriptional Signatures of Aging. Endocrinology 2023; 164:7040488. [PMID: 36791033 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid gland plays a critical role in the maintenance of whole-body metabolism. However, aging frequently impairs homeostatic maintenance by thyroid hormones due to increased prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis. To understand the specific aging-related changes of endocrine function in thyroid epithelial cells, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of 54 726 cells derived from pathologically normal thyroid tissues from 7 patients who underwent thyroidectomy. Thyroid endocrine epithelial cells were clustered into 5 distinct subpopulations, and a subset of cells was found to be particularly vulnerable with aging, showing functional deterioration associated with the expression of metallothionein (MT) and major histocompatibility complex class II genes. We further validated that increased expression of MT family genes are highly correlated with thyroid gland aging in bulk RNAseq datasets. This study provides evidence that aging induces specific transcriptomic changes across multiple cell populations in the human thyroid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yourae Hong
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Shinae Yi
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je-Ryong Kim
- Genome Insight Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyemi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Lyul Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In-Sun Chu
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Genome Insight Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Genome Insight Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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18
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Kim SY, Ha Y, Kim JM, Kim KH, Kang YE. A rare adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing nasal neuroendocrine tumor with multiple metastasis. Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:134-136. [PMID: 36050276 PMCID: PMC9816688 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2022.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- So-yun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yoonchul Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Kun ho Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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19
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Kang YE, Yi HS, Yeo MK, Kim JT, Park D, Jung Y, Kim OS, Lee SE, Kim JM, Joung KH, Lee JH, Ku BJ, Lee M, Kim HJ. Increased Pro-Inflammatory T Cells, Senescent T Cells, and Immune-Check Point Molecules in the Placentas of Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e338. [PMID: 36513052 PMCID: PMC9745681 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy. To define the altered pathway in GDM placenta, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles from human placenta between GDM and controls. METHODS Clinical parameters and postpartum complications were reviewed in all participants. Differentially expressed canonical pathways were analyzed between the GDM and control groups based on transcriptomic analysis. CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and senescent T cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry based on staining for specific intracellular cytokines. RESULTS Gene ontology analysis revealed that the placenta of GDM revealed upregulation of diverse mitochondria or DNA replication related pathways and downregulation of T-cell immunity related pathways. The maternal placenta of the GDM group had a higher proportion of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells than the control group. Interestingly, senescent CD4+ T cells tended to increase and CD8+ T cells were significantly increased in GDM compared to controls, along with increased programmed cell death-1 (CD274+) expression. Programmed death-ligand 1 expression in syncytotrophoblasts was also significantly increased in patients with GDM. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated increased proinflammatory T cells, senescent T cells and immune-check point molecules in GDM placentas, suggesting that changes in senescent T cells and immune-escape signaling might be related to the pathophysiology of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Danbit Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yewon Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Ok Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mina Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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20
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Kim JT, Lim MA, Lee SE, Kim HJ, Koh HY, Lee JH, Jun SM, Kim JM, Kim KH, Shin HS, Cho SW, Kim KS, Shong M, Koo BS, Kang YE. Adrenomedullin2 stimulates progression of thyroid cancer in mice and humans under nutrient excess conditions. J Pathol 2022; 258:264-277. [PMID: 36098211 PMCID: PMC9826144 DOI: 10.1002/path.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is associated with genetic alterations, e.g. BRAFV600E , which may cause carcinomatous changes in hormone-secreting epithelial cells. Epidemiological studies have shown that overnutrition is related to the development and progression of cancer. In this study, we attempted to identify the cell nonautonomous factor responsible for the progression of BRAFV600E thyroid cancer under overnutrition conditions. We developed a mouse model for inducible thyrocyte-specific activation of BRAFV600E , which showed features similar to those of human papillary thyroid cancer. LSL-BrafV600E ;TgCreERT2 showed thyroid tumour development in the entire thyroid, and the tumour showed more abnormal cellular features with mitochondrial abnormalities in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Transcriptomics revealed that adrenomedullin2 (Adm2) was increased in LSL-BrafV600E ;TgCreERT2 mice fed HFD. ADM2 was upregulated on the addition of a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor or palmitic acid with integrated stress response (ISR) in cancer cells. ADM2 stimulated protein kinase A and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in vitro. The knockdown of ADM2 suppressed the proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cells. We searched The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases and found that increased ADM2 expression was associated with ISR and poor overall survival. Consistently, upregulated ADM2 expression in tumour cells and circulating ADM2 molecules were associated with aggressive clinicopathological parameters, including body mass index, in thyroid cancer patients. Collectively, we identified that ADM2 is released from cancer cells under mitochondrial stress resulting from overnutrition and acts as a secretory factor determining the progressive properties of thyroid cancer. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Yong Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Jun
- Center for Research EquipmentKorea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuRepublic of Korea,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus InfectionKorea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of PathologyChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Nuclear MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyo Shik Shin
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea,Cellus Inc.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
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21
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Kang YE, Joung KH, Kim JM, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ. Serum CD14 concentration is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in non-diabetic individuals. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221130010. [PMID: 36224747 PMCID: PMC9561661 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221130010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CD14 is a lipopolysaccharide-binding protein that serves as a marker of monocytes. The role of circulating CD14 in patients with obesity without diabetes remains unknown. Here, we characterized the relationships between serum CD14 concentration and metabolic parameters related to diabetes and obesity. METHODS We performed an observational, prospective case-control study. Eighty participants were evaluated: 26 drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 54 healthy individuals. We compared the circulating CD14 concentration and metabolic parameters of the participants with and without diabetes. RESULTS The circulating CD14 concentration did not significantly differ between the two groups, but was lower in participants with obesity than in lean controls. No significant associations existed between CD14 concentration and metabolic parameters in the participants with diabetes, but in those without diabetes, the circulating CD14 concentration significantly negatively correlated with body mass index; waist circumference; the concentrations of fasting insulin, 2-hour post-load glucose, 2-h post-load insulin, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance; and HOMA beta-cell function. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show associations of serum CD14 concentration with metabolic parameters in non-diabetic individuals. Circulating CD14 may represent a useful biomarker of metabolic dysfunction in non-diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Endocrinology, Chungnam National University Sejong
Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Endocrinology, Chungnam National University Sejong
Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University
College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Bon Jeong Ku, Department of Internal
Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro,
Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Song J, Jo SK, Lee SY, Lee MH, Son JW, Kang YE, Choi JK. Effect of Particulate Matter on Achilles Tendon Healing: An Experimental Study in Rats. Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/2473011421s00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Ankle; Sports; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Exposure of particulate matter (PM) has been linked to several diseases including pulmonary, cardiovascular, oncology, neurology system, and etc. Even though tendon injury has become increasingly common recently, there has been no study of relationship between tendon healing and PM. Hence, we performed experimental study in rats to evaluate whether PM has significant effect on tendon healing. We hypothesized that PM exposure may substantially influence Achilles tendon healing. Here, we evaluated whether PM exposure led to deleterious effect on tendon healing in a rat model of Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). Methods: All experiments with rats were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. The Achilles tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were transected by open tenotomy. The animals were divided into two groups according to exposure of PM 2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5µm): control group (Non-PM group) or PM exposure group (PM group). 30 minutes of PM inhalational exposure was performed 3 days a week for 6 weeks in closed chamber systems. After 6 weeks, histologic study of lung, laboratory test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of blood samples, histologic study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, biomechanical study, RNA sequencing, and western blot analysis of Achilles tendon was performed. Results: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of lung tissue in PM group showed inflammation of alveolar wall and increased macrophage. Laboratory test and ELISA of blood samples from PM group showed significantly higher expression of white blood cell count and tissue necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) than those from non-PM group, respectively. Histologic study of Achilles tendon in PM group exhibited increased lymphocyte and ossification findings with inflammatory change of cell morphology. TEM analysis showed decreased collagen fibril in PM group than non-PM group. Load to failure was decreased in the PM group than non-PM group. RNA sequencing and ingenuity pathway analysis showed increased cAMP-PKA-CREB signal pathway in PM group and the results were consistent with western blot outcomes. Conclusion: Achilles tendon healing was substantially affected by the PM exposure. Based on the present data, PM exposure induces detrimental histological and biomechanical results on Achilles tendon healing through cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway. Further in-vitro study and larger in-vivo study with longer time period are needed to support the present data.
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Beom Heo D, Piao Y, Hee Lee J, Ju SH, Yi HS, Su Kim M, Won HR, Won Chang J, Seok Koo B, Eun Kang Y. Completion thyroidectomy may not be required for papillary thyroid carcinoma with multifocality, lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension to the strap muscles, or five or more central lymph node micrometastasis. Oral Oncol 2022; 134:106115. [PMID: 36108524 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether completion thyroidectomy is necessary based on long-term follow-up oncological results according to various clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent lobectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 1815 patients with PTC who underwent thyroid lobectomy from January 2003 to December 2014. Various clinical and pathological characteristics were reviewed retrospectively, and clinicopathologic characteristics and recurrence rates were analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-two (4.5%) patients showed locoregional recurrence during the average 10.2-year follow-up period. There was no significant difference in tumor size, multifocality, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), microscopic or strap muscle-extrathyroidal extension, and central neck lymph node (LN) micrometastasis between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups. The gross strap muscle-extrathyroidal extension group was associated with older age (p < 0.001), larger tumor size (p < 0.001), more capsular invasion (p < 0.001), and more LVI (p < 0.001) than the negative extrathyroidal extension group; there was no significant difference in recurrence between the groups (p = 0.096). Patients with five or more central LN micrometastases were associated with younger age (p = 0.006), larger tumor size (p = 0.04), and presence of LVI (p = 0.033) than patients with less than five central LN metastases; there was no significant difference in recurrence between the groups (p = 0.867). All patients with recurrence were cured through reoperation after recurrence was confirmed. CONCLUSION After thyroid lobectomy, PTC patients with multifocality, LVI, extrathyroidal extension to the strap muscles, or five or more central LN micrometastases may not require immediate completion thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yudan Piao
- Department of Medical Science Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Lee MJ, Zhu J, An JH, Lee SE, Kim TY, Oh E, Kang YE, Chung W, Heo JY. A transcriptomic analysis of cerebral microvessels reveals the involvement of Notch1 signaling in endothelial mitochondrial-dysfunction-dependent BBB disruption. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:64. [PMID: 36028880 PMCID: PMC9414148 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells (ECs) in cerebral vessels are considered the primary targets in acute hemorrhagic brain injuries. EC dysfunction can aggravate neuronal injuries by causing secondary inflammatory responses and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Previous studies have reported that enhancement of mitochondrial function within ECs may reduce BBB disruption and decrease the severity of acute brain injuries. However, the molecular signaling pathways through which enhanced EC mitochondrial function is enhanced to exert this BBB protective effect have not been fully elucidated. Methods To identify signaling pathways involved in linking EC-specific mitochondrial dysfunction and BBB disruption, we first performed RNA sequencing using isolated cerebral vessels from TEKCRIF1 KO mice, a mouse strain that displays EC-specific mitochondrial dysfunction. After identification, we assessed the significance of candidate signaling pathways using an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mouse model. BBB integrity was assessed using an IgG leakage assay, and symptomatic changes were evaluated using behavioral assays. Results Transcriptome analyses of the TEKCRIF1 KO mouse revealed significant changes in Notch1 signaling, a pathway intimately involved in BBB maintenance. We also observed a decrease in Notch1 signaling and expression of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) complex in the ICH mouse model, which also exhibits BBB disruption. To further assess the function of Notch1 signaling in relation to BBB disruption, we injected ICH model mice with adropin, a protein that interacts with the Notch1 ligand NB-3 and activates Notch1 signaling. We found that adropin prevented BBB disruption and reduced the extent (area) of the injury compared with that in vehicle controls, in association with alteration of mitochondrial function. Conclusion These results suggest that the Notch1 signaling pathway acts as an upstream regulator of DEGs and can be a target to regulate the changes involved with endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction-dependent BBB disruption. Thus, treatment methods that activate Notch1 may be beneficial in acute brain injuries by protecting BBB integrity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-022-00363-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiebo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun An
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Deajeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yeon Kim
- Bio-Synergy Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Deajeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Jin Y, Jung SN, Lim MA, Oh C, Piao Y, Kim HJ, Nguyena Q, Kang YE, Chang JW, Won HR, Koo BS. SHMT2 Induces Stemness and Progression of Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179714. [PMID: 36077112 PMCID: PMC9456418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various enzymes in the one-carbon metabolic pathway are closely related to the development of tumors, and they can all be potential targets for cancer therapy. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase2 (SHMT2), a key metabolic enzyme, is very important for the proliferation and growth of cancer cells. However, the function and mechanism of SHMT2 in head and neck cancer (HNC) are not clear. An analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed that the expression of SHMT2 was higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue, and its expression was significantly associated with male sex, aggressive histological grade, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and lymphovascular invasion in HNC. SHMT2 knockdown in FADU and SNU1041 cell lines significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses using TCGA data revealed that SHMT2 was closely related to cancer stem cell regulation and maintenance. Furthermore, we found that silencing SHMT2 inhibited the expression of stemness markers and tumor spheroid formation compared with a control group. On the contrary, stemness markers were significantly increased after SHMT2 overexpression in HEP-2 cells. Interestingly, we found that knocking down SHMT2 reduced the expression of genes related to the Notch and Wnt pathways. Finally, silencing SHMT2 significantly reduced tumor growth and decreased stemness markers in a xenograft model. Taken together, our study suggests that targeting SHMT2 may play an important role in inhibiting HNC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Jin
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yudan Piao
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hae Jong Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - QuocKhanh Nguyena
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-280-7690
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26
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Yi S, Kim HJ, Koo BS, Lee SE, Choi J, Kang YE. Efficient Dissociation Protocol for Generation of Single Cell Suspension from Human Thyroid Tissue for Single Cell RNA Sequencing. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:698-700. [PMID: 36065649 PMCID: PMC9449111 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinae Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngoloy-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jahyun Choi
- Department of NGS Business, Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Corresponding author: Yea Eun Kang. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea Tel: +82-42-280-7140, Fax: +82-42-280-7140 E-mail:
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Hong HJ, Joung KH, Kim YK, Choi MJ, Kang SG, Kim JT, Kang YE, Chang JY, Moon JH, Jun S, Ro HJ, Lee Y, Kim H, Park JH, Kang BE, Jo Y, Choi H, Ryu D, Lee CH, Kim H, Park KS, Kim HJ, Shong M. Mitoribosome insufficiency in β cells is associated with type 2 diabetes-like islet failure. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:932-945. [PMID: 35804190 PMCID: PMC9355985 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variations in mitoribosomal subunits and mitochondrial transcription factors are related to type 2 diabetes. However, the role of islet mitoribosomes in the development of type 2 diabetes has not been determined. We investigated the effects of the mitoribosomal gene on β-cell function and glucose homeostasis. Mitoribosomal gene expression was analyzed in datasets from the NCBI GEO website (GSE25724, GSE76894, and GSE76895) and the European Nucleotide Archive (ERP017126), which contain the transcriptomes of type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic organ donors. We found deregulation of most mitoribosomal genes in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, including partial downregulation of CRIF1. The phenotypes of haploinsufficiency in a single mitoribosomal gene were examined using β-cell-specific Crif1 (Mrpl59) heterozygous-deficient mice. Crif1beta+/− mice had normal glucose tolerance, but their islets showed a loss of first-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. They also showed increased β-cell mass associated with higher expression of Reg family genes. However, Crif1beta+/− mice showed earlier islet failure in response to high-fat feeding, which was exacerbated by aging. Haploinsufficiency of a single mitoribosomal gene predisposes rodents to glucose intolerance, which resembles the early stages of type 2 diabetes in humans. Disruptions in the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery give rise to metabolic disturbances that lay the foundation for type 2 diabetes. As physiological glucose levels rise, the energy-generating machinery of the mitochondria responds with increased activity, which stimulates insulin secretion. Many proteins responsible for mitochondrial metabolism are produced by ribosomes within this cellular organelle. Researchers led by Hyun Jin Kim and Minho Shong at Chungnam National University, Daejon, South Korea, have determined that mutations affecting a mitochondrial ribosomal protein called CRIF1 can lead to impaired insulin release. Mice with reduced CRIF1 were initially healthy, but as they aged, exhibited signs of impaired pancreatic function similar to those seen in patients with early-stage diabetes. This process was accelerated by consumption of a high-fat diet, and the researchers propose that this mechanism may be directly relevant to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Joon Ho Moon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Ro
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Yujeong Lee
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Park
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 704-200, Korea
| | - Baeki E Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Heejung Choi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26426, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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Won HR, Jeon E, Chang JW, Kang YE, Song K, Kim SW, Lim DM, Ha TK, Chung KW, Kim HJ, Park YJ, Koo BS. Is Maintaining Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Effective in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Lobectomy for Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061470. [PMID: 35326621 PMCID: PMC8946503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In order to reduce the recurrence rate after surgical treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or maintenance of a certain level after surgery are important. However, the effectiveness of TSH maintenance in the mid to lower reference range (0.5–2 mU/L) in patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy for low-risk DTC is uncertain. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we compared and analyzed the recurrence rate according to whether TSH maintenance was performed in patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy for low-risk DTC. There was no difference in the recurrence rate with or without TSH control. Therefore, the recommendation to maintain TSH to reduce the recurrence rate after thyroid lobectomy is still controversial. Abstract There is no clear evidence that post-operative maintenance of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the mid to lower reference range (0.5–2 mU/L) improves prognosis in patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare and analyze the recurrence rate according to whether the serum TSH level was maintained below 2 mU/L in patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy for low-risk DTC. Clinical data and outcomes were collected from MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The inclusion criteria were related studies on TSH maintenance or serum TSH concentration after surgery for DTC. Seven observational studies with a total of 3974 patients were included in this study. In the patients who received TSH maintenance less than 2 mU/L, the recurrence rate during the follow-up period was 2.3%. A subgroup analysis of five studies showed that the odds ratio for recurrence in patients who received TSH maintenance was 1.45 (p-value = 0.45) compared to patients who did not receive TSH maintenance. In conclusion, the evidence for the effectiveness of post-operative TSH maintenance less than 2 mU/L in patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy for low-risk DTC is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (J.W.C.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong 30099, Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (J.W.C.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Kunho Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 16419, Korea;
| | - Dong Mee Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon 35365, Korea;
| | - Tae Kwun Ha
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 47392, Korea;
| | - Ki-Wook Chung
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Hyo-Jeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.J.P.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (J.W.C.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.J.P.); (B.S.K.)
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Park SJ, Kang YE, Kim JH, Park JL, Kim SK, Baek SW, Chu IS, Yi S, Lee SE, Park YJ, Jung EJ, Kim JM, Ko HM, Kim JR, Jung SN, Won HR, Chang JW, Koo BS, Kim SY. Transcriptomic analysis of papillary thyroid cancer focused on immune-subtyping, oncogenic fusion, and recurrence. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 15:183-193. [PMID: 35255661 PMCID: PMC9149236 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2021.02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor, with rapidly increasing incidence worldwide. However, its transcriptomic characteristics associated with immunological signatures, driver fusions, and recurrence markers remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the transcriptomic characteristics of advanced papillary thyroid cancer. Methods This study included 282 papillary thyroid cancer tumor samples and 155 normal samples from Chungnam National University Hospital and Seoul National University Hospital. Transcriptomic quantification was determined by high-throughput RNA sequencing. We investigated the associations of clinical parameters and molecular signatures using RNA sequencing. We validated predictive biomarkers using the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Results Through a comparison of differentially expressed genes, gene sets, and pathways in papillary thyroid cancer compared to normal tumor-adjacent tissue, we found increased immune signaling associated with cytokines or T cells and decreased thyroid hormone synthetic pathways. In addition, patients with recurrence presented increased CD8+ T-cell and Th1-cell signatures. Interestingly, we found differentially overexpressed genes related to immune-escape signaling such as CTLA4, IDO1, LAG3, and PDCD1 in advanced papillary thyroid cancer with a low thyroid differentiation score. Fusion analysis showed that the PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were regulated differently according to the RET fusion partner genes (CCDC6 or NCOA4). Finally, we identified HOXD9 as a novel molecular biomarker that predicts the recurrence of thyroid cancer in addition to known risk factors (tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and extrathyroidal extension). Conclusion We identified a high association with immune-escape signaling in the immune-hot group with aggressive clinical characteristics among Korean thyroid cancer patients. Moreover, RET fusion differentially regulated PI3K and MAPK signaling depending on the partner gene of RET, and HOXD9 was found to be a recurrence marker for advanced papillary thyroid cancer.
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Jeon MJ, Kang YE, Moon JH, Lim DJ, Lee CY, Lee YS, Kim SW, Kim MH, Kim BH, Kang HC, Shong M, Cho SW, Kim WB. Protocol for a Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:181-182. [PMID: 35255611 PMCID: PMC8901961 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Dong Jun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Lee
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Yong Sang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Ho-Cheol Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun,
Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Won Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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Setoyama D, Lee HY, Moon JS, Tian J, Kang YE, Lee JH, Shong M, Kang D, Yi H. Immunometabolic signatures predict recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy in patients with Graves' disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:355-367. [PMID: 34970859 PMCID: PMC8818593 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone excess induces protein energy wasting, which in turn promotes muscle weakness and bone loss in patients with Graves' disease. Although most studies have confirmed a relationship between thyrotoxicosis and muscle dysfunction, few have measured changes in plasma metabolites and immune cells during the development and recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy. The aim of this study was to identify specific plasma metabolites and T-cell subsets that predict thyrotoxic myopathy recovery in patients with Graves' disease. METHODS One hundred patients (mean age, 40.0 ± 14.2 years; 67.0% female), with newly diagnosed or relapsed Graves' disease were enrolled at the start of methimazole treatment. Handgrip strength and Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance time were measured at Weeks 0, 12, and 24. In an additional 35 patients (mean age, 38.9 ± 13.5 years; 65.7% female), plasma metabolites and immunophenotypes of peripheral blood were evaluated at Weeks 0 and 12, and the results of a short physical performance battery assessment were recorded at the same time. RESULTS In both patient groups, methimazole-induced euthyroidism was associated with improved handgrip strength and lower limb muscle function at 12 weeks. Elevated plasma metabolites including acylcarnitines were restored to normal levels at Week 12 regardless of gender, body mass index, or age (P trend <0.01). Senescent CD8+ CD28- CD57+ T-cell levels in peripheral blood were positively correlated with acylcarnitine levels (P < 0.05) and decreased during thyrotoxicosis recovery (P < 0.05). High levels of senescent CD8+ T cells at Week 0 were significantly associated with small increases in handgrip strength after 12 weeks of methimazole treatment (P < 0.05), but not statistically associated with Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance. CONCLUSIONS Restoring euthyroidism in Graves' disease patients was associated with improved skeletal muscle function and performance, while thyroid hormone-associated changes in plasma acylcarnitines levels correlated with muscle dysfunction recovery. T-cell senescence-related systemic inflammation correlated with plasma acylcarnitine levels and was also associated with small increases in handgrip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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Abstract
Cancer therapies targeting genetic alterations are a topic of great interest in the field of thyroid cancer, which frequently harbors mutations in the RAS, RAF, and RET genes. Unfortunately, U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved BRAF inhibitors have relatively low therapeutic efficacy against BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer; in addition, the cancer often acquires drug resistance, which prevents effective treatment. Recent advances in genomics and transcriptomics are leading to a more complete picture of the range of mutations, both driver and messenger, present in thyroid cancer. Furthermore, our understanding of cancer suggests that oncogenic mutations drive tumorigenesis and induce rewiring of cancer cell metabolism, which promotes survival of mutated cells. Synthetic lethality (SL) is a method of neutralizing mutated genes that were previously considered untargetable by traditional genotype-targeted treatments. Because these metabolic events are specific to cancer cells, we have the opportunity to develop new therapies that target tumor cells specifically without affecting healthy tissue. Here, we describe developments in metabolism-based cancer therapy, focusing on the concept of metabolic SL in thyroid cancer. Finally, we discuss the essential implications of metabolic reprogramming and its role in the future direction of SL for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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Jin Y, Jung SN, Lim MA, Oh C, Piao Y, Kim HJ, Liu L, Kang YE, Chang JW, Won HR, Song K, Koo BS. Transcriptional Regulation of GDF15 by EGR1 Promotes Head and Neck Cancer Progression through a Positive Feedback Loop. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011151. [PMID: 34681812 PMCID: PMC8538541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, has been reported to be overexpressed in different kinds of cancer types. However, the function and mechanism of GDF15 in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains unclear. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data show that the expression of GDF15 is significantly associated with tumor AJCC stage, lymph vascular invasion and tumor grade in HNC. In this study, we confirmed that knockdown of GDF15 attenuated: cell proliferation, migration and invasion via regulation of EMT through a canonical pathway; SMAD2/3 and noncanonical pathways; PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK in HNC cell lines. Furthermore, we found that early growth response 1 (EGR1) was a transcription factor of GDF15. Interestingly, we also demonstrated that GDF15 could regulate the expression of EGR1, which meant a positive feedback loop occurred between these two factors. Moreover, combined inhibition of both GDF15 and EGR1 in a HNC mouse xenograft model showed significantly decreased tumor volume compared to inhibition of EGR1 or GDF15 alone. Our study showed that the GDF15–EGR1 signaling axis may be a good target in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Jin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
| | - Yudan Piao
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
| | - Hae Jong Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Kunho Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.O.); (Y.P.); (H.J.K.); (L.L.); (J.W.C.); (H.-R.W.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-280-7690
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Kim S, Lee SE, Yi S, Jun S, Yi YS, Nagar H, Kim CS, Shin C, Yeo MK, Kang YE, Oh SH. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Decreases Keloid Formation by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress as Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Keloid. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910765. [PMID: 34639105 PMCID: PMC8509846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a common form of pathologic wound healing and are characterized by an excessive production of extracellular matrix. This study examined the major contributing mechanism of human keloid pathogenesis using transcriptomic analysis. We identified the upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress response, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and TGF-β signaling in human keloid tissue samples compared to controls, based on ingenuity pathway and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Electron microscopic examinations revealed an increased number of dysmorphic mitochondria and expanded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in human keloid tissue samples than that in controls. Western blot analysis performed using human tissues suggested noticeably higher ER stress signaling in keloids than in normal tissues. Treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, significantly decreased scar formation in rabbit models, compared to normal saline and steroid injections. In summary, our findings demonstrate the contributions of mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated ER stress signaling in human keloid formation and the potential of TUDCA in the treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunje Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (S.J.); (Y.-S.Y.)
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sun Yi
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (S.J.); (Y.-S.Y.)
| | - Harsha Nagar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.N.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Cuk-Seong Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.N.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Chungmin Shin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.E.K.); (S.-H.O.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7148 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7387 (S.-H.O.); Fax: +82-42-280-7168 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7384 (S.-H.O.)
| | - Sang-Ha Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.E.K.); (S.-H.O.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7148 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7387 (S.-H.O.); Fax: +82-42-280-7168 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7384 (S.-H.O.)
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Jin M, Kim ES, Kim BH, Kim HK, Kang YE, Jeon MJ, Kim TY, Kang HC, Kim WB, Shong YK, Kim M, Kim WG. Clinicopathological Characteristics and Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Hürthle Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study in South Korea. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:1078-1085. [PMID: 34731935 PMCID: PMC8566133 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC), a type of thyroid carcinoma, is rare in South Korea, and few studies have investigated its prognosis. METHODS This long-term multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated the clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes in patients with HCC who underwent thyroid surgery between 1996 and 2009. RESULTS The mean age of the 97 patients included in the study was 50.3 years, and 26.8% were male. The mean size of the primary tumor was 3.2±1.8 cm, and three (3.1%) patients had distant metastasis at initial diagnosis. Ultrasonographic findings were available for 73 patients; the number of nodules with low-, intermediate-, and high suspicion was 28 (38.4%), 27 (37.0%), and 18 (24.7%), respectively, based on the Korean-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System. Preoperatively, follicular neoplasm (FN) or suspicion for FN accounted for 65.2% of the cases according to the Bethesda category, and 13% had malignancy or suspicious for malignancy. During a median follow-up of 8.5 years, eight (8.2%) patients had persistent/recurrent disease, and none died of HCC. Older age, gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE), and widely invasive types of tumors were significantly associated with distant metastasis (all P<0.01). Gross ETE (hazard ratio [HR], 27.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 346.4; P=0.01) and widely invasive classification (HR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 39.4; P=0.04) were independent risk factors for poor disease-free survival (DFS). CONCLUSION The long-term prognosis of HCC is relatively favorable in South Korea from this study, although this is not a nation-wide data, and gross ETE and widely invasive cancer are significant prognostic factors for DFS. The diagnosis of HCC by ultrasonography and cytopathology remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Ji Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Cheol Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Bae Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Mijin Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeokro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea Tel: +82-51-240-7738, Fax: +82-51-254-3237, E-mail:
| | - Won Gu Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding authors: Won Gu Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-5883, Fax: +82-2-3010-6962, E-mail:
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Lee JH, Jung SB, Lee SE, Kim JE, Kim JT, Kang YE, Kang SG, Yi HS, Ko YB, Lee KH, Ku BJ, Shong M, Kim HJ. Expression of LONP1 Is High in Visceral Adipose Tissue in Obesity, and Is Associated with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:661-671. [PMID: 34154043 PMCID: PMC8258340 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature and role of the mitochondrial stress response in adipose tissue in relation to obesity are not yet known. To determine whether the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in adipose tissue is associated with obesity in humans and rodents. METHODS Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was obtained from 48 normoglycemic women who underwent surgery. Expression levels of mRNA and proteins were measured for mitochondrial chaperones, intrinsic proteases, and components of electron-transport chains. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed metabolic phenotypes with a large panel of isogenic BXD inbred mouse strains and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data. RESULTS In VAT, expression of mitochondrial chaperones and intrinsic proteases localized in inner and outer mitochondrial membranes was not associated with body mass index (BMI), except for the Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial, and the corresponding gene LONP1, which showed high-level expression in the VAT of overweight or obese individuals. Expression of LONP1 in VAT positively correlated with BMI. Analysis of the GTEx database revealed that elevation of LONP1 expression is associated with enhancement of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in VAT. Mice with higher Lonp1 expression in adipose tissue had better systemic glucose metabolism than mice with lower Lonp1 expression. CONCLUSION Expression of mitochondrial LONP1, which is involved in the mitochondrial quality control stress response, was elevated in the VAT of obese individuals. In a bioinformatics analysis, high LONP1 expression in VAT was associated with enhanced glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Young Bok Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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Lee EK, Kang YE, Park YJ, Koo BS, Chung KW, Ku EJ, Won HR, Yoo WS, Jeon E, Paek SH, Lee YS, Lim DM, Suh YJ, Park HK, Kim HJ, Kim BH, Kim M, Kim SW, Yi KH, Park SK, Jung EJ, Choi JY, Bae JS, Hong JH, Nam KH, Lee YK, Yu HW, Go S, Kang YM. A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial for Assessing the Usefulness of Suppressing Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Target Levels after Thyroid Lobectomy in Low to Intermediate Risk Thyroid Cancer Patients (MASTER): A Study Protocol. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:574-581. [PMID: 34034365 PMCID: PMC8258337 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression therapy is recommended for patients with intermediate- and high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer to prevent the recurrence of thyroid cancer. With the recent increase in small thyroid cancer cases, the extent of resection during surgery has generally decreased. Therefore, questions have been raised about the efficacy and long-term side effects of TSH suppression therapy in patients who have undergone a lobectomy. METHODS This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial in which 2,986 patients with papillary thyroid cancer are randomized into a high-TSH group (intervention) and a low-TSH group (control) after having undergone a lobectomy. The principle of treatment includes a TSH-lowering regimen aimed at TSH levels between 0.3 and 1.99 μIU/mL in the low-TSH group. The high-TSH group targets TSH levels between 2.0 and 7.99 μIU/mL. The dose of levothyroxine will be adjusted at each visit to maintain the target TSH level. The primary outcome is recurrence-free survival, as assessed by neck ultrasound every 6 to 12 months. Secondary endpoints include disease-free survival, overall survival, success rate in reaching the TSH target range, the proportion of patients with major cardiovascular diseases or bone metabolic disease, the quality of life, and medical costs. The follow-up period is 5 years. CONCLUSION The results of this trial will contribute to establishing the optimal indication for TSH suppression therapy in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer patients by evaluating the benefit and harm of lowering TSH levels in terms of recurrence, metabolic complications, costs, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Ki-Wook Chung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju,
Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong,
Korea
| | - Won Sang Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan,
Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Se Hyun Paek
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yong Sang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dong Mee Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yong Joon Suh
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Ha Kyoung Park
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ka Hee Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
- Convergence Graduate Program in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Ja Seong Bae
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Joon Hwa Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Young Ki Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Sujeong Go
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Young Mi Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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Kang YE, Kim JM, Lim MA, Lee SE, Yi S, Kim JT, Oh C, Liu L, Jin Y, Jung SN, Won HR, Chang JW, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Koh HY, Jun S, Cho SW, Shong M, Koo BS. Growth Differentiation Factor 15 is a Cancer Cell-Induced Mitokine That Primes Thyroid Cancer Cells for Invasiveness. Thyroid 2021; 31:772-786. [PMID: 33256569 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial stress is known to activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). The UPRmt results in the secretion of mitochondrial cytokines (mitokines), which can promote a hormetic response cell nonautonomously, and has been reported to be protumorigenic. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a well-characterized mitokine, which is reported to have a mitohormetic effect. Thus, we investigated whether GDF15 induction could prime a subpopulation of thyroid cancer cells to provide invasive advantages. Methods: The UPRmt, including mitokine expression, was assessed in the context of thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. GDF15 expression in 266 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was determined by immunohistochemistry. The serum levels of GDF15 were measured in healthy subjects and PTC patients. In addition, our own and The Cancer Genome Atlas data were analyzed to determine the expression level of GDF15 in thyroid cancers. The role of GDF15 in tumor aggressiveness was investigated by observing the effects of GDF15 knockdown in BCPAP, TPC-1, 8505C, and FRO cells. Results: Pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation function in thyroid cancer cells robustly increased GDF15 expression. The expression of GDF15 was associated with activation of the mitochondrial integrated stress response pathway in PTC patients. Circulating GDF15 levels were significantly higher in PTC patients than in the controls, and tumor expression of GDF15 was related to tumor aggressiveness. In vitro and in vivo knockdown of GDF15 in a thyroid cancer model showed decreased viability, migration, and invasion compared with the control cells via regulation of STAT3. Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrated that GDF15 is a mitokine induced in thyroid cancer cells upon mitochondrial stress. GDF15-induced STAT3 activation determined tumor progression in thyroid cancer. The GDF15-STAT3 signaling axis may be a target in aggressiveness of thyroid cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/genetics
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/metabolism
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Growth Differentiation Factor 15/genetics
- Growth Differentiation Factor 15/metabolism
- Humans
- Mitochondria
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/genetics
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/metabolism
- Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/pathology
- Thyroid Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Unfolded Protein Response
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yanli Jin
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Yong Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Drug & Disease Target Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
- Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Jeon MJ, Kang YE, Moon JH, Lim DJ, Lee CY, Lee YS, Kim SW, Kim MH, Kim BH, Kang HC, Shong M, Cho SW, Kim WB. Protocol for a Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:359-364. [PMID: 33752303 PMCID: PMC8090471 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Korean Multicenter Prospective cohort study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) has been initiated. The aim is to compare clinical outcomes between active surveillance (AS) and an immediate lobectomy for low-risk PTMCs. We here outline the detailed protocol for this study. METHODS Adult patients with a cytopathologically confirmed PTMC sized 6.0 to 10.0 mm by ultrasound (US) will be included. Patients will be excluded if they have a suspicious extra-thyroidal extension or metastasis of a PTMC or multiple thyroid nodules or other thyroid diseases which require a total thyroidectomy. Printed material describing the prognosis of PTMCs, and the pros and cons of each management option, will be provided to eligible patients to select their preferred intervention. For the AS group, thyroid US, thyroid function, and quality of life (QoL) parameters will be monitored every 6 months during the first year, and then annually thereafter. Disease progression will be defined as a ≥3 mm increase in maximal diameter of a PTMC, or the development of new thyroid cancers or metastases. If progression is detected, patients should undergo appropriate surgery. For the lobectomy group, a lobectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection will be done within 6 months. After initial surgery, thyroid US, thyroid function, serum thyroglobulin (Tg), anti-Tg antibody, and QoL parameters will be monitored every 6 months during the first year and annually thereafter. Disease progression will be defined in these cases as the development of new thyroid cancers or metastases. CONCLUSION KoMPASS findings will help to confirm the role of AS, and develop individualized management strategies, for low-risk PTMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Dong Jun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Lee
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Yong Sang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
| | - Ho-Cheol Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun,
Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Won Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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40
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Kang SG, Choi MJ, Jung SB, Chung HK, Chang JY, Kim JT, Kang YE, Lee JH, Hong HJ, Jun SM, Ro HJ, Suh JM, Kim H, Auwerx J, Yi HS, Shong M. Differential roles of GDF15 and FGF21 in systemic metabolic adaptation to the mitochondrial integrated stress response. iScience 2021; 24:102181. [PMID: 33718833 PMCID: PMC7920832 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of mitochondrial proteostasis provokes cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous responses that contribute to homeostatic adaptation. Here, we demonstrate distinct metabolic effects of hepatic metabokines as cell non-autonomous factors in mice with mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction. Liver-specific mitochondrial stress induced by a loss-of-function mutation in Crif1 (LKO) leads to aberrant oxidative phosphorylation and promotes the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. LKO mice are highly insulin sensitive and resistant to diet-induced obesity. The hepatocytes of LKO mice secrete large quantities of metabokines, including GDF15 and FGF21, which confer metabolic benefits. We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of LKO mice with global deficiency of GDF15 or FGF21 and show that GDF15 regulates body and fat mass and prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis, whereas FGF21 upregulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue. This study reveals that the mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISRmt) in liver mediates metabolic adaptation through hepatic metabokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Ro
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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41
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Lee JC, Song BS, Kang YM, Kim YR, Kang YE, Lee JH, Shong M, Yi HS. Effect of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Suppression on Muscle Function After Total Thyroidectomy in Patients With Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:769074. [PMID: 34858341 PMCID: PMC8631429 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.769074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression is recommended to reduce tumor recurrence following surgery for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, prolonged subclinical hyperthyroidism caused by levothyroxine treatment has deleterious effects on various organs. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationships of TSH concentration with muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance related to sarcopenia in patients with DTC undergoing TSH suppression following surgery. METHODS We studied 134 patients of >60 years who were undergoing TSH suppression therapy following surgery for DTC. We evaluated muscle mass and muscle function-related parameters and diagnosed sarcopenia using the threshold for Asian people. RESULTS The participants were 68.3 ± 7.2 years old and 36/134 (26.9%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. They were allocated to high-TSH and low-TSH groups using a threshold concentration of 0.40 μU/mL, and grip strength was significantly lower in the low-TSH group. The data were further analyzed according to age and sex, and in the low-TSH group, male participants and those of <70 years were found to have significantly lower grip strength. CONCLUSIONS Low-TSH concentrations is associated with low grip strength, and this is most pronounced in individuals of <70 years of age. Therefore, muscle function should be considered an adverse effect of TSH suppression in patients with DTC who undergo TSH suppression therapy, especially in men of <70 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Choul Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byong-Sop Song
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young Mi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyon-Seung Yi,
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42
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Lee K, Lee SH, Kim W, Lee J, Park JG, Kim JS, Kim JT, Kang YE, Shong M, Lee HJ, Kim JM, Kim WG, Koo BS, Kim KS, Min JK. Dsg2-mediated c-Met activation in anaplastic thyroid cancer motility and invasion. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:601-614. [PMID: 33022637 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rapidly growing, highly metastatic cancer with limited therapeutic alternatives, thus targeted therapies need to be developed. This study aimed to examine desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) expression in ATC and its biological role and potential as a therapeutic target in ATC. Consequently, Dsg2 was downregulated or aberrantly expressed in ATC tissues. ATC patients with low Dsg2 expression levels also presented with distant metastasis. Dsg2 depletion significantly increased cell migration and invasion, with a relatively limited effect on ATC cell proliferation in vitro and increased distant metastasis in vivo. Dsg2 knockdown induced cell motility through the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR, c-Met)/Src/Rac1 signaling axis, with no alterations in the expression of EMT-related molecules. Further, specific targeting of c-Met significantly inhibited the motility of shDsg2-depleted ATC cells. Decreased membrane Dsg2 expression increased the metastatic potential of ATC cells. These results indicate that Dsg2 plays an important role in ATC cell migration and invasiveness. Therapies targeting c-Met might be effective among ATC patients with low membrane Dsg2 expression levels, indicating that the analysis of Dsg2 expression potentially provides novel insights into treatment strategies for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmin Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooil Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangwook Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gil Park
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Seong Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Daejeon Endo Internal Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Won HR, Jung SN, Yeo MK, Yi S, Liu L, Lim MA, Oh C, Kang YE, Chang JW, Rha KS, Koo BS. Effect of Urban Particulate Matter on Vocal Fold Fibrosis through the MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186643. [PMID: 32927894 PMCID: PMC7555340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is an environmental exposure factor that adversely affects human health. PM is a risk factor for various diseases. However, the mechanism by which PM affects the vocal folds (VF) has not yet been evaluated. Thus, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of PM on human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFF) and the underlying signaling pathways. hVFF were isolated from human VF. The effect of PM on hVFF, and the underlying mechanism, were analyzed using Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry. In addition, a histological evaluation was performed in animal experiments. Cell proliferation decreased after the PM treatment. PM increased the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PM-treated hVFF and subsequent activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways were confirmed. Furthermore, PM increased the expression of fibrosis-related markers and induced the accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix. As a result, PM exposure significantly enhances the inflammatory response on VF through the ROS-mediated activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, PM promotes differentiation into myofibroblasts and induces fibrosis. These results suggest that PM triggers an inflammatory reaction through ROS production and causes VF fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Shinae Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.Y.); (Y.E.K.)
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (L.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (L.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.Y.); (Y.E.K.)
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
| | - Ki Sang Rha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.R.); (B.S.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7691 (K.S.R.); +82-42-280-7690 (B.S.K.)
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.-R.W.); (S.-N.J.); (M.A.L.); (J.W.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.R.); (B.S.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7691 (K.S.R.); +82-42-280-7690 (B.S.K.)
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Jung SN, Kang YE, Lee GH, Liu L, Oh C, Jin YL, Lim MA, Lee K, Oh T, Won HR, Chang JW, Koo BS. Brn3a/Pou4f1 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Targeting c-MET/STAT3 Signaling in Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5849340. [PMID: 32474599 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brn3a/Pou4f1 is a class IV POU domain-containing transcription factor and has been found to be expressed in a variety of cancers. However, the mechanism and action of Brn3a in thyroid cancer has not been investigated. PURPOSE To investigate the role of Brn3a in thyroid cancer progression and its clinical implication. METHODS We examined Brn3a expression status in patients with thyroid cancer and analyzed relationships between Brn3a expression and clinicopathological findings using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. For functional in vitro analysis, proliferation, migration, invasion assay, and Western blotting were performed after overexpression or suppression of Brn3a. RESULTS The promoter hypermethylation of Brn3a was found in patients with aggressive thyroid cancer and Brn3a was downregulated in tissues of patients with thyroid cancer. In TCGA database, the low-Brn3a-expression group revealed a more aggressive phenotype, including T stage and extrathyroid extension when compared with the high-Brn3a-expression group. Overexpression of Brn3a suppressed cell migration and invasion via regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins in thyroid cancer cell lines. Brn3a overexpression also downregulated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling through suppression of tyrosine-protein kinase Met (c-MET). In contrast, knockdown of Brn3a by small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) significantly increased cell migration and invasion through upregulation of c-MET/STAT3. These results imply that Brn3a suppresses tumor metastasis via c-MET/STAT3 inhibition and EMT suppression in thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that Brn3a is a potential tumor suppressor that leads to reduced cancer cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancer. Elucidation of the Brn3a-regulated cancer pathways may therefore provide novel therapeutic strategies to control thyroid cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gun Ho Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yan Li Jin
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Taejeong Oh
- Research and Development Center, Genomictree Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Kang YE, Kang YM, Park B, Shong M, Yi HS. Type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with a reduction in bone mineral density: A community-based korean genome and epidemiology study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:238-247. [PMID: 32324283 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 deiodinase (DIO2)-mediated thyroid hormone synthesis stimulates osteoblast activity and increases the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, but there are no large cohort studies to identify the role of the DIO2 polymorphism in bone mineral density in humans. METHODS To investigate the hypothesis that individuals with the DIO2 gene polymorphism are susceptible to osteoporosis, we assessed the polymorphism of the DIO2 gene in 7,524 Koreans drawn from the large-scale Ansan-Anseong cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. All of the participants underwent genotyping of the DIO2 Thr92Ala polymorphism (rs225014). RESULTS A total of 6,022 participants were recruited; 1991 (33.0%) were homozygous for the Thr allele, 2,967 (49.3%) were heterozygous (Thr/Ala), and 1064 (17.7%) were homozygous for the Ala allele. The effects of the DIO2 Thr92Ala polymorphism on axial speed of sound (SOS) and the T-score in the tibia and radius were assessed, with age, gender, oestrogen status, body mass index (BMI), serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) included as covariables. Female subjects carrying the DIO2 Thr92Ala polymorphism had significantly lower SOS and T-scores than control participants. Cox regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between the DIO2 polymorphism and diagnosis of osteoporosis in female participants. CONCLUSION DIO2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with decreased SOS and T-scores in the tibia of female subjects independent of other clinical parameters, where this indicates a potential functional role of DIO2 in the maintenance of bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Mi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Abstract
Obesity results in an inflammatory microenvironment in adipose tissue, leading to the deterioration of tissue protective mechanisms. Although recent studies suggested the importance of type 2 immunity in an anti-inflammatory microenvironment in adipose tissue, the regulatory effects of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines on systemic metabolic regulation are not fully understood. Recently, we identified the roles of the Th2 cytokine (interleukin 4 [IL-4] and IL-13)-induced adipokine, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), in adipose tissue in regulating systemic glucose metabolism via signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) activation. Moreover, we showed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is required to maintain these macrophage-regulating autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways via Th2 cytokine-induced secretion of GDF15. In this review, we discuss how the type 2 immune response and Th2 cytokines regulate metabolism in adipose tissue. Specifically, we review the systemic regulatory roles of Th2 cytokines in metabolic disease and the role of mitochondria in maintenance of type 2 responses in adipose tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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Kang YE, Chang JW, Liu L, Lee K, Lim MA, Jung SN, Oh C, Won HR, Shong M, Koo BS. Abstract 795: GDF15, the putative mitokine factor, promotes tumor progression in thyroid cancer via STAT3 regulation. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: As mitochondrial dysfunction is an integral component during the initial stages of tumorigenesis, mechanistic insight on the interaction between these two pathways may lead to novel therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of GDF15, the putative mitokine factor in thyroid tumorigenesis.
Methods: Expression levels of GDF15 was investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The role of GDF15 in tumor aggressiveness was investigated by analyzing the effects of knock-down of GDF15 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of thyroid cancer cells. Serum levels of GDF15 were measured in healthy subjects and patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and expression of GDF15 by IHC was investigated in PTC samples. To investigate the exact mechanism of GDF15 in thyroid cancer, both IPA analysis and GSEA analysis were performed using TCGA database and RNA seq data from Chungnam national university hospital.
Results: TCGA data revealed the higher expression of GDF15 in tumor samples compared to in paired non-tumor samples. Thyroid cancer cells with knock-down of GDF15 revealed the decrease of proliferation, migration, and invasion compared to control cells via regulation of STAT3. Higher serum levels of GDF15 were found in patients with thyroid cancer than in control participants, and were significantly associated with tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion, and recurrence. In addition, patients with high GDF15 expression by IHC revealed the aggressive phenotype compared to patients with low GDF15 expression.
Conclusions: GDF15 is a new biomarker for predicting tumor progression, and therapies targeting GDF15 may be effective for treating thyroid cancer.
Citation Format: Yea Eun Kang, Jae Won Chang, Lihua Liu, Kyoungmin Lee, Mi Ae Lim, Seung-Nam Jung, Chan Oh, Ho-Ryun Won, Minho Shong, Bon Seok Koo. GDF15, the putative mitokine factor, promotes tumor progression in thyroid cancer via STAT3 regulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 795.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Liu
- 3Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Lee
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- 3Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kang YE, Kim JM, Yi HS, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ. Serum R-Spondin 1 Is a New Surrogate Marker for Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:368-376. [PMID: 30398036 PMCID: PMC6581548 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent in vivo studies indicated that R-spondin 1 (RSPO1) regulates food intake and increases insulin secretion, but its role in humans remains unknown. This study investigated the association between serum levels of RSPO1 and diverse metabolic parameters in humans. METHODS The study population consisted of 43 subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, and 79 non-diabetic participants. Serum levels of RSPO1 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationships between circulating RSPO1 and diverse metabolic parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Circulating RSPO1 levels increased to a greater extent in the obese group than in the lean group. Moreover, serum levels of RSPO1 were higher in the insulin-resistant group than in the insulin-sensitive group. Serum levels of RSPO1 were significantly correlated with a range of metabolic parameters including body mass index, fasting C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, and lipid profile. Moreover, levels were significantly associated with insulin resistance and obesity in non-diabetic subjects. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the association between serum levels of RSPO1 and a range of metabolic parameters in humans. Serum levels of RSPO1 are significantly related to obesity and insulin resistance, although the precise mechanisms remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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Yi HS, Kim SY, Kim JT, Lee YS, Moon JS, Kim M, Kang YE, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Chun K, Shong M, Ku BJ. T-cell senescence contributes to abnormal glucose homeostasis in humans and mice. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:249. [PMID: 30867412 PMCID: PMC6416326 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a driving force for the development of metabolic disease including diabetes and obesity. However, the functional characteristics of T-cell senescence in the abnormal glucose homeostasis are not fully understood. We studied the patients visiting a hospital for routine health check-ups, who were divided into two groups: normal controls and people with prediabetes. Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal controls and patients with type 2 diabetes was undertaken using microarray analysis. We also investigated the immunometabolic characteristics of peripheral and hepatic senescent T cells in the normal subjects and patients with prediabetes. Moreover, murine senescent T cells were tested functionally in the liver of normal or mice with metabolic deterioration caused by diet-induced obesity. Human senescent (CD28-CD57+) CD8+ T cells are increased in the development of diabetes and proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules are highly expressed in senescent T cells from patients with prediabetes. Moreover, we demonstrate that patients with prediabetes have higher concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in their senescent CD8+ T cells via enhancing capacity to use glycolysis. These functional properties of senescent CD8+ T cells contribute to the impairment of hepatic insulin sensitivity in humans. Furthermore, we found an increase of hepatic senescent T cells in mouse models of aging and diet-induced obesity. Adoptive transfer of senescent CD8+ T cells also led to a significant deterioration in systemic abnormal glucose homeostasis, which is improved by ROS scavengers in mice. This study defines a new clinically relevant concept of T-cell senescence-mediated inflammatory responses in the pathophysiology of abnormal glucose homeostasis. We also found that T-cell senescence is associated with systemic inflammation and alters hepatic glucose homeostasis. The rational modulation of T-cell senescence would be a promising avenue for the treatment or prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyo Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79, Gangnam-ro, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsik Chun
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Won HR, Chang JW, Kang YE, Kang JY, Koo BS. Optimal extent of lateral neck dissection for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma with metastatic lateral neck lymph nodes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2018; 87:117-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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