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Li L, Yu B, Lai Y, Shen S, Yan Y, Dong G, Gao X, Cao Y, Ge C, Zhu L, Liu H, Tao S, Yao Z, Li S, Wang X, Hui Q. Scaling up production of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor in an Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) plysS strain and evaluation of its pro-wound healing efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1279516. [PMID: 38375209 PMCID: PMC10875678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1279516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) is a highly valuable multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. In this study, we aim to accomplish the scaling-up production of mature hbFGF (146aa) by implementing a high cell-density fermentation and purification process on a 500-L scale, thereby satisfying the escalating demands for both experimental research and clinical applications. Methods: The hbFGF DNA fragment was cloned into a mpET-3c vector containing a kanamycin resistance gene and then inserted into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) plysS strain. To optimize the yield of hbFGF protein, various fermentation parameters were systematically optimized using BOX-Behnken design and further validated in large-scale fermentation (500-L). Additionally, a three-step purification protocol involving CM-Sepharose, heparin affinity, and SP-Sepharose column chromatography was developed to separate and purify the hbFGF protein. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF/MS analysis, amino acid sequencing, CD spectroscopy, and Western blotting were performed to authenticate its identity. The biological efficacy of purified hbFGF was evaluated using an MTT assay as well as in a diabetic deep second-degree scald model. Results: The engineered strain was successfully constructed, exhibiting high expression of hbFGF and excellent stability. Under the optimized fermentation conditions, an impressive bacterial yield of 46.8 ± 0.3 g/L culture with an expression level of hbFGF reaching 28.2% ± 0.2% was achieved in 500-L scale fermentation. Subsequently, during pilot-scale purification, the final yield of purified hbFGF protein was 114.6 ± 5.9 mg/L culture with RP-HPLC, SEC-HPLC, and SDS-PAGE purity exceeding 98%. The properties of purified hbFGF including its molecular weight, isoelectric point (pI), amino sequence, and secondary structure were found to be consistent with theoretical values. Furthermore, the purified hbFGF exhibited potent mitogenic activity with a specific value of 1.05 ± 0.94 × 106 AU/mg and significantly enhanced wound healing in a deep second-degree scald wound diabetic rat model. Conclusion: This study successfully established a stable and efficient large-scale production process of hbFGF, providing a solid foundation for future industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingji Lai
- Alberta Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyun Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Caojie Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liqin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shanhui Tao
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiang Yao
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Hui
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
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Zhou M, Chen J, Meng K, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Lu P, Feng Y, Huang M, Dong Q, Li X, Tian H. Production of bioactive recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 12 using a new transient expression vector in E. coli and its neuroprotective effects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5419-5431. [PMID: 34244814 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) plays important roles in regulating neural development and function. Importantly, changes of FGF12 expression are thought to be related to the pathophysiology of many neurological diseases. However, little research has been performed to explore the protective effect of FGF12 on nerve damage. This study aims to explore its neuroprotective effects using our recombinant humanized FGF12 (rhFGF12). The hFGF12 gene was cloned and ligated into an expression vector to construct a recombinant plasmid pET-3a-hFGF12. Single colonies were screened to obtain high expression engineering strains, and fermentation and purification protocols for rhFGF12 were designed and optimized. The biological activities and related mechanisms of rhFGF12 were investigated by MTT assay using NIH3T3 and PC12 cell lines. The in vitro neurotoxicity model of H2O2-induced oxidative injury in PC12 cells was established to explore the protective effects of rhFGF12. The results indicate that the beneficial effects of rhFGF12 were most likely achieved by promoting cell proliferation and reducing apoptosis. Moreover, a transgenic zebrafish (islet) with strong GFP fluorescence in the motor neurons of the hindbrain was used to establish a central injury model caused by mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The results suggested that rhFGF12 could ameliorate central injury induced by MMF in zebrafish. In conclusion, we have established an efficient method to express and purify active rhFGF12 using an Escherichia coli expression system. Besides, rhFGF12 plays a protective effect of on nerve damage, and it provides a promising therapeutic approach for nerve injury. KEY POINTS: • Effective expression and purification of bioactive rhFGF12 protein in E. coli. • ERK/MAPK pathway is involved in rhFGF12-stimulated proliferation on PC12 cells. • The rhFGF12 has the neuroprotective effects by inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jiangfei Chen
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Kuikui Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Panyu Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yongjun Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Mai Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qiaoxiang Dong
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Haishan Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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3
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Separation of truncated basic fibroblast growth factor from the full-length protein by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Le HHM, Vang D, Amer N, Vue T, Yee C, Kaou H, Harrison JS, Xiao N, Lin-Cereghino J, Lin-Cereghino GP, Thor D. Enhancement of cell proliferation and motility of mammalian cells grown in co-culture with Pichia pastoris expressing recombinant human FGF-2. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 176:105724. [PMID: 32846209 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many studies examining the biological function of recombinant proteins and their effects on the physiology of mammalian cells stipulate that the proteins be purified before being used as therapeutic agents. In this study, we explored the possibility of using unpurified recombinant proteins to treat mammalian cells. The recombinant protein was used directly from the expression source and the biological function was compared to purified commercially available, equivalent protein. The model for this purpose was recombinant FGF-2, expressed by Pichia pastoris, which was used to treat the murine fibroblast cell line, NIH/3T3. We generated a P. pastoris strain (yHL11) that constitutively secreted a biologically active recombinant FGF-2 protein containing an N-terminal c-myc epitope (Myc-FGF-2). Myc-FGF-2 was then used without purification either a) in the form of conditioned mammalian cell culture medium or b) during co-cultures of yHL11 with NIH/3T3 to induce higher proliferation and motility of NIH/3T3 cells. The effects of Myc-FGF-2 on cell physiology were comparable to commercially available FGF-2. To our knowledge, this is the first time the physiology of cultured mammalian cells had been successfully altered with a recombinant protein secreted by P. pastoris while the two species shared the same medium and culture conditions. Our data demonstrated the biological activity of unpurified recombinant FGF-2 on NIH/3T3 cells and provided a foundation for directly using unpurified recombinant proteins expressed by P. pastoris with mammalian cells, potentially as wound-healing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Hieu M Le
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - David Vang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nadia Amer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Tou Vue
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Colwin Yee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Hyam Kaou
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Joseph S Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joan Lin-Cereghino
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Geoff P Lin-Cereghino
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Der Thor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Rahman I, Fang L, Wei Z, Zheng X, Jiazhang L, Huang L, Xu Z. Highly efficient soluble expression and purification of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) by fusion with a new collagen-like protein (Scl2) in Escherichia coli. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:598-606. [PMID: 32027221 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1721533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) is involved in a wide range of biological activities that affect the growth, differentiation, and migration. Due to its wound healing effects and therapy, hbFGF has the potential as therapeutic agent. Therefore, large-scale production of biologically active recombinant hbFGF with low cost is highly desirable. However, the complex structure of hbFGF hinders its high-level expression as the soluble and functional form. In the present study, an efficient, cost-effective, and scalable method for producing recombinant hbFGF was developed. The modified collagen-like protein (Scl2-M) from Streptococcus pyogenes was used as the fusion tag for producing recombinant hbFGF for the first time. After optimization, the expression level of Scl2-M-hbFGF reached approximately 0.85 g/L in the shake flask and 7.7 g/L in a high cell-density fermenter using glycerol as a carbon source. Then, the recombinant Scl2-M-hbFGF was readily purified using one-step acid precipitation and the purified Scl2-M-hbFGF was digested with enterokinase. The digested mixture was further subject to ion-exchange chromatography, and the final high-purity (96%) hbFGF product was prepared by freeze-drying. The recovery rate of the whole purification process attained 55.0%. In addition, the biological activity of recombinant hbFGF was confirmed by using L929 and BALB/c3T3 fibroblasts. Overall, this method has the potential for large scale production of recombinant hbFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inamur Rahman
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Fang
- Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Wei
- Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Jiazhang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhinan Xu
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Sauer DG, Mosor M, Frank AC, Weiß F, Christler A, Walch N, Jungbauer A, Dürauer A. A two-step process for capture and purification of human basic fibroblast growth factor from E. coli homogenate: Yield versus endotoxin clearance. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 153:70-82. [PMID: 30130579 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A two-step purification process for human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) from clarified E. coli homogenate has been developed in which the impurity level after the second step is below the limit of quantification. Endotoxin content is cleared to 0.02 EU/μg FGF-2 and the overall yield is 67%. The performance of the cation exchanger Carboxymethyl-Sepharose Fast Flow (CM-SFF) was compared to the affinity resin Heparin-SFF regarding the impurity profile and product quality in the elution peak. The CM-SFF eluate was further purified using hydrophobic interaction resin Toyopearl-Hexyl-650C. The relative amounts of target product, host cell proteins (HCPs), dsDNA, endotoxin, monomer content, and high molecular weight impurities differed along the elution peak depending on the applied method. The bioactive monomer (>99%) was obtained with a yield of 48% for CM-SFF and 68% for Heparin-SFF. A half-load reduction in CM-SFF increased the yield up to 67% without deterioration of the impurity content. Assuming a dose of 400 μg FGF-2, endotoxin was reduced to 188 EU/dose, dsDNA <10 ng/dose, and HCP <2 ppm/dose using the cation exchanger. In the pooled eluate fractions, dsDNA was removed 4-fold (291 ng/mL) and endotoxin 14-fold (0.47 EU/μg FGF-2) more efficiently by CM-SFF than by affinity chromatography. In contrast, HCP clearance was 3-fold (13 ppm) more efficient with Heparin-SFF than CM-SFF. In contrast to process monitoring by UV280nm or SDS-PAGE, this characterization is the basis for a Process Analytical Technology attempt when correlated with online monitored signals, as it enables knowledge-based pooling according to defined quality criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Georg Sauer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Mosor
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna-Carina Frank
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Weiß
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Christler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Walch
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Dürauer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Kwong KWY, Sivakumar T, Wong WKR. Intein mediated hyper-production of authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor in Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33948. [PMID: 27653667 PMCID: PMC5032022 DOI: 10.1038/srep33948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human basic fibroblast growth factor is a functionally versatile but very expensive polypeptide. In this communication, employing a novel amplification method for the target gene and genetic optimization of a previously engineered expression construct, pWK3R, together with a refined fed-batch fermentation protocol, we report an achievement of a phenomenal yield of 610 mg/L of the 146 aa authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in Escherichia coli. Construct pWK3R was first modified to form plasmid pWK311ROmpAd, which was devoid of the ompA leader sequence and possessed two copies of a DNA segment encoding a fusion product comprising an intein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae vascular membrane ATPase (VMA), and bFGF. When E. coli transformant JM101 [pWK311ROmpAd] was cultivated using the refined fed-batch fermentation protocol, superb expression resulting in a total yield of 610 mg/L of bFGF was detected. Despite existing in high levels, the bFGF remained to be soluble and highly bioactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith W Y Kwong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - T Sivakumar
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - W K R Wong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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A revolutionary approach facilitating co-expression of authentic human epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in both cytoplasm and culture medium of Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9071-80. [PMID: 23880874 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
During secretory or excretory production of heterologous proteins in Escherichia coli, peptidase processing cleaves the signal peptide off from a premature protein, which is then secreted as a mature product. Many proteins have been successfully expressed as secreted/excreted products in E. coli. However, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), despite its suitability for secretory/excretory production in E. coli, has never been successfully expressed using such an approach. In this communication, we report the application of a revolutionary E. coli system to the efficient expression of not only bFGF, but also human epidermal growth factor (EGF) concurrently, as authentic products in the culture supernatant (SN). More interestingly, both polypeptides were also shown to be present at high levels as authentic products in the cell lysate (CL). The manifestation of this unusual phenomenon required a collaborative action between construct pWKW2, an efficient excretion vector engineered by our group to facilitate extracellular production of EGF, and the Sce VMA intein, which enables self-cleavage of protein sequences fused to it. Both bFGF and EGF derived from SN and CL were characterized to be bioactive. Moreover, despite employing only shake-flask cultivation, the total yields of bFGF and EGF recovered from both SN and CL were impressive, amounting to 103 and 74 mg l(-1) of culture, respectively. The novel expression approach introduced herein may prove to be practically useful for the production of a wide range of proteins in the future.
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Song JA, Koo BK, Chong SH, Kwak J, Ryu HB, Nguyen MT, Vu TTT, Jeong B, Kim SW, Choe H. Expression and purification of biologically active human FGF2 containing the b'a' domains of human PDI in Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:67-80. [PMID: 23471584 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Among the members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family that affect the growth, differentiation, migration, and survival of many cell types, FGF2 is the most abundant in the central nervous system. Because of its wound healing effects, FGF2 has potential as a therapeutic agent. The protein is also added to the culture media to maintain stem cells. Expression and purification procedures for FGF2 that are highly efficient and low cost have been intensively investigated for the past two decades. Our current study focuses on the purification of FGF2 fused with b'a' domains of human protein disulfide isomerase to elevate overexpression, solubility, and stability with a simplified experimental procedure using only ion exchange chromatography, as well as on the confirmation of the biological activity of FGF2 on fibroblast Balb/c 3T3 cells and hippocampal neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-A Song
- Department of Physiology and Bio-medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea
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Authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor produced by secretion in Bacillus subtilis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012. [PMID: 23179628 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is generally accepted as an inborn host candidate employed for secretory production of heterologous proteins. However, this ideal host system has never been employed for commercial production of medically useful proteins. In this communication, we report for the first time the employment of an engineered B. subtilis system, in conjunction with a facile cell-wall destabilization protocol, to successfully obtain an alluring yield of 40 mg l(-1) of secreted human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) in the culture supernatant. The product was not only shown to exhibit potent bioactivity but also revealed to possess a protein sequence identical to that of mature native hbFGF (Mat-hbFGF). Our findings may pave way for the development of a cost-effective process for producing Mat-hbFGF, which is currently sold at an unusually expensive price of over US $1 million g(-1), for medical and skin care applications.
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