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Park C, Kim K, Kim Y, Zhu R, Hain L, Seferovic H, Kim MH, Woo HJ, Hwang H, Lee SH, Kim S, Lee JE, Hinterdorfer P, Ko K, Park S, Oh YJ. Plant-Derived Anti-Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Antibody Suppresses Trastuzumab-Resistant Breast Cancer with Enhanced Nanoscale Binding. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16126-16140. [PMID: 38764224 PMCID: PMC11210341 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Traditional monoclonal antibodies such as Trastuzumab encounter limitations when treating Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, particularly in cases that develop resistance. This study introduces plant-derived anti-HER2 variable fragments of camelid heavy chain domain (VHH) fragment crystallizable region (Fc) KEDL(K) antibody as a potent alternative for overcoming these limitations. A variety of biophysical techniques, in vitro assays, and in vivo experiments uncover the antibody's nanoscale binding dynamics with transmembrane HER2 on living cells. Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals the rapid formation of two robust bonds, exhibiting approximately 50 pN force resistance and bond lifetimes in the second range. The antibody demonstrates a specific affinity for HER2-positive breast cancer cells, including those that are Trastuzumab-resistant. Moreover, in immune-deficient mice, the plant-derived anti-HER2 VHH-FcK antibody exhibits superior antitumor activity, especially against tumors that are resistant to Trastuzumab. These findings underscore the plant-derived antibody's potential as an impactful immunotherapeutic strategy for treating Trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyong Park
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan
University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Kibum Kim
- Department
of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yerin Kim
- Department
of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department
of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Lisa Hain
- Department
of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Hannah Seferovic
- Department
of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Min-Hyeok Kim
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan
University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Woo
- Major
of Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Hyunju Hwang
- Department
of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- Major
of Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sangmin Kim
- Department
of Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Division
of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- Department
of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department
of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sungsu Park
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan
University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Oh
- Department
of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
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2
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Jin C, Kang YJ, Park SR, Oh YJ, Ko K. Production, expression, and function of dual-specific monoclonal antibodies in a single plant. PLANTA 2023; 259:15. [PMID: 38071691 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION LSC CO17-1AK and anti-HER2 VHH-FcK can be produced in a single plant and exhibit anti-tumor activities comparable to those of their respective parent antibodies. Recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which can be applied to treat various cancers, are primarily produced using mammalian, insect, and bacteria cell culture systems. Plant expression systems have also been developed to produce antibodies. Plant expression systems present several advantages, including a lack of human pathogenic agents, efficient production costs, and easy large-scale production. In this study, we generated a transgenic plant expressing anti-colorectal cancer large single chain (LSC) CO17-1AK and anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) VHH-FcK mAbs by cross-pollinating plants expressing LSC CO17-1AK and anti-HER2 VHH-FcK, respectively. F1 siblings expressing both LSC CO17-1AK and anti-HER2 VHH-FcK were screened using polymerase chain reaction and Western-blot analyses. The cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Cell ELISA) confirmed the binding of LSC CO17-1AK and anti-HER2 VHH-FcK to target proteins in the SW620 human colorectal cancer and the SKBR-3 human breast cancer cell lines, respectively. The wound healing assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of both antibodies against SW620 and SKBR-3 cell migration, respectively. In conclusion, both LSC CO17-1AK mAb and anti-HER2 VHH-FcK can be produced in a single plant, achieve binding activities to SW620 and SKBR-3 cancer cells, and inhibitory activity against SW620 and SKBR-3 cell migration similar to their parental antibodies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiquan Jin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Yang Joo Kang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Se Ra Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Yoo Jin Oh
- Department of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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Kim CM, Kim DM, Bang MS, Seo JW, Kim DY, Yun NR, Lim SC, Lee JH, Sohn EJ, Kang H, Min K, Choi BH, Lee S. Efficacy of Plant-Made Human Recombinant ACE2 against COVID-19 in a Golden Syrian Hamster Model. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040964. [PMID: 37112944 PMCID: PMC10146983 DOI: 10.3390/v15040964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated the efficacy of a plant-based human recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hrACE2) and hrACE2-foldon (hrACE2-Fd) protein against COVID-19. In addition, we analyzed the antiviral activity of hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd against SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse-transcription PCR and plaque assays. The therapeutic efficacy was detected using the Golden Syrian hamster model infected with SARS-CoV-2. Both hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd inhibited SARS-CoV-2 by 50% at concentrations below the maximum plasma concentration, with EC50 of 5.8 μg/mL and 6.2 μg/mL, respectively. The hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd injection groups showed a tendency for decreased viral titers in nasal turbinate tissues on day 3 after virus inoculation; however, this decrease was not detectable in lung tissues. Histopathological examination on day 9 after virus inoculation showed continued inflammation in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group, whereas decreased inflammation was observed in both the hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd injection groups. No significant changes were observed at other time points. In conclusion, the potential therapeutic efficacy of plant-based proteins, hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd, against COVID-19 was confirmed in a SARS-CoV-2-inoculated Golden Syrian hamster model. Further preclinical studies on primates and humans are necessary to obtain additional evidence and determine the effectiveness of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon-Mee Kim
- Premedical Science, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Seon Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Sohn
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-ro Nam-gu, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyangju Kang
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-ro Nam-gu, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Min
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-ro Nam-gu, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hwa Choi
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-ro Nam-gu, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-ro Nam-gu, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
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Proteins and their functionalization for finding therapeutic avenues in cancer: Current status and future prospective. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188862. [PMID: 36791920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable advancement in the health care sector, cancer remains the second most fatal disease globally. The existing conventional cancer treatments primarily include chemotherapy, which has been associated with little to severe side effects, and radiotherapy, which is usually expensive. To overcome these problems, target-specific nanocarriers have been explored for delivering chemo drugs. However, recent reports on using a few proteins having anticancer activity and further use of them as drug carriers have generated tremendous attention for furthering the research towards cancer therapy. Biomolecules, especially proteins, have emerged as suitable alternatives in cancer treatment due to multiple favourable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural flexibility for easy surface functionalization. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that various proteins derived from animal, plant, and bacterial species, demonstrated strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties against malignant cells in native and their different structural conformations. Moreover, surface tunable properties of these proteins help to bind a range of anticancer drugs and target ligands, thus making them efficient delivery agents in cancer therapy. Here, we discuss various proteins obtained from common exogenous sources and how they transform into effective anticancer agents. We also comprehensively discuss the tumor-killing mechanisms of different dietary proteins such as bovine α-lactalbumin, hen egg-white lysozyme, and their conjugates. We also articulate how protein nanostructures can be used as carriers for delivering cancer drugs and theranostics, and strategies to be adopted for improving their in vivo delivery and targeting. We further discuss the FDA-approved protein-based anticancer formulations along with those in different phases of clinical trials.
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Chemical and Synthetic Biology Approaches for Cancer Vaccine Development. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206933. [PMID: 36296526 PMCID: PMC9611187 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines have been considered promising therapeutic strategies and are often constructed from whole cells, attenuated pathogens, carbohydrates, peptides, nucleic acids, etc. However, the use of whole organisms or pathogens can elicit unwanted immune responses arising from unforeseen reactions to the vaccine components. On the other hand, synthetic vaccines, which contain antigens that are conjugated, often with carrier proteins, can overcome these issues. Therefore, in this review we have highlighted the synthetic approaches and discussed several bioconjugation strategies for developing antigen-based cancer vaccines. In addition, the major synthetic biology approaches that were used to develop genetically modified cancer vaccines and their progress in clinical research are summarized here. Furthermore, to boost the immune responses of any vaccines, the addition of suitable adjuvants and a proper delivery system are essential. Hence, this review also mentions the synthesis of adjuvants and utilization of biomaterial scaffolds, which may facilitate the design of future cancer vaccines.
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Kumar AU, Ling APK. Gene introduction approaches in chloroplast transformation and its applications. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:148. [PMID: 34613540 PMCID: PMC8494830 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloroplast is a type of plastid that is believed to be originated from ancestral cyanobacteria. Chloroplast besides being a major component for photosynthesis, also takes part in another major plant metabolism, making it one of the major components of plants. MAIN BODY Chloroplast transformation is an alternative and better genetic engineering approach compared to the nuclear transformation that has been widely applied in plant genetic engineering. Chloroplast transformation has exhibited various positive effects as compared to nuclear transformation. This is a more preferred technique by researchers. To carry out chloroplast transformation, the vector design must be performed, and a selectable marker needs to be incorporated before the chloroplast could uptake the construct. The common way of introducing a gene into the host, which is the chloroplast, involves the biolistic, PEG-mediated, carbon nanotubes carriers, UV-laser microbeam, and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation approaches. Apart from discussing the processes involved in introducing the gene into the chloroplast, this review also focuses on the various applications brought about by chloroplast transformation, particularly in the field of agriculture and environmental science. CONCLUSION Chloroplast transformation has shown a lot of advantages and proven to be a better alternative compared to nuclear genome transformation. Further studies must be conducted to uncover new knowledge regarding chloroplast transformation as well as to discover its additional applications in the fields of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asqwin Uthaya Kumar
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anna Pick Kiong Ling
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Rahimian N, Miraei HR, Amiri A, Ebrahimi MS, Nahand JS, Tarrahimofrad H, Hamblin MR, Khan H, Mirzaei H. Plant-based vaccines and cancer therapy: Where are we now and where are we going? Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105655. [PMID: 34004270 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines are an effective approach in cancer therapy for treating the disease at later stages. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first therapeutic cancer vaccine, and further studies are ongoing in clinical trials. These are expected to result in the future development of vaccines with relatively improved efficacy. Several vaccination approaches are being studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials, including the generation of anti-cancer vaccines by plant expression systems.This approach has advantages, such as high safety and low costs, especially for the synthesis of recombinant proteins. Nevertheless, the development of anti-cancer vaccines in plants is faced with some technical obstacles.Herein, we summarize some vaccines that have been used in cancer therapy, with an emphasis on plant-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rahimian
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Miraei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashahd, Iran
| | | | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 20282028, South Africa
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Kim K, Kang YJ, Park SR, Kim DS, Lee SW, Ko K, Ponndorf D, Ko K. Effect of leaf position and days post-infiltration on transient expression of colorectal cancer vaccine candidate proteins GA733-Fc and GA733-FcK in Nicotiana benthamiana plant. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10851. [PMID: 33868796 PMCID: PMC8035899 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization with thetumor-associated antigen GA733 glycoprotein, which is highly expressed in colorectal cancer, is considered to be a promising strategy for cancer prevention and treatment. We cloned a fusion gene of GA733 and immunoglobulin Fc fragment (GA733-Fc), and that of GA733-Fc and an endoplasmic reticulum retention motif (GA733-FcK) into the Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV)-based transient plant expression vector, pEAQ-HT. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (LBA4404) transformed with the vectors pEAQ-HT-GA733-Fc and pEAQ-HT-GA733-FcK was infiltrated into the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana plants. To optimize harvesting of leaf to express therapeutic glycoproteins both spatially and temporally, protein expression levels at various leaf positions (top, middle, and base) and days post-infiltration (dpi) were investigated. The GA733-Fc and GA733-FcK genes were detected in leaves at 1–10 dpi using PCR. As assessed by western blot, GA733-Fc and GA733-FcK were expressed at the highest levels in the top leaf position at 5 dpi, and GA733-FcK was expressed more than GA733-Fc. The proteins were successfully purified from infiltrated N. benthamiana leaves using protein A affinity chromatography. ELISA verified that an anti-GA733 antibody recognized both purified proteins. Thus, a functional GA733-Fc colorectal cancer vaccine protein can be transiently expressed using a CPMV virus-based vector, with an optimized expression time and leaf position post-infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibum Kim
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutic Protein Engineering Lab, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang Joo Kang
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutic Protein Engineering Lab, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Ra Park
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutic Protein Engineering Lab, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Sun Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Seung-Won Lee
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutic Protein Engineering Lab, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kinarm Ko
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daniel Ponndorf
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Colney, Norwich, UK
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, Therapeutic Protein Engineering Lab, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park SH, Ji KY, Kim HM, Ma SH, Park SY, Do JH, Oh DB, Kang HS, Shim JS, Joung YH. Optimization of the human colorectal carcinoma antigen GA733-2 production in tobacco plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 15:55-67. [PMID: 33520002 PMCID: PMC7825390 DOI: 10.1007/s11816-020-00657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The colorectal carcinoma-associated protein GA733-2 is one of the representative candidate protein for the development of plant-derived colorectal cancer vaccine. Despite of its significant importance for colorectal vaccine development, low efficiency of GA733-2 production limits its wide applications. To improve productivity of GA733-2 in plants, we here tested multiple factors that affect expression of recombinant GA733-2 (rGA733-2) and rGA733 fused to fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain (rGA733-Fc) protein. The rGA733-2 and rGA733-Fc proteins were highly expressed when the pBINPLUS vector system was used for transient expression in tobacco plants. In addition, the length of interval between rGA733-2 and left border of T-DNA affected the expression of rGA733 protein. Transient expression analysis using various combinations of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (C58C1, LBA4404, and GV3101) and tobacco species (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc and Nicotiana benthamiana) revealed that higher accumulation of rGA733-2 and rGA733-Fc proteins were obtained by combination of A. tumefaciens LBA4404 and Nicotiana benthamiana. Transgenic plants generated by introduction of the rGA733-2 and rGA733-Fc expression cassettes also significantly accumulated corresponding recombinant proteins. Bioactivity and stability of the plant-derived rGA733 and rGA733-Fc were evaluated by further in vitro assay, western blot and N-glycosylation analysis. Collectively, we here suggest the optimal condition for efficient production of functional rGA733-2 protein in tobacco system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054 Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ma
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Ju Hui Do
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Doo-Byoung Oh
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141 Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Young Hee Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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Lee YR, Lim CY, Lim S, Park SR, Hong JP, Kim J, Lee HE, Ko K, Kim DS. Expression of Colorectal Cancer Antigenic Protein Fused to IgM Fc in Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111466. [PMID: 33143243 PMCID: PMC7693566 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a tumor-associated antigen and a potential target for tumor vaccine. The EpCAM is a cell-surface glycoprotein highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas. The objective of the present study is to develop an edible vaccine system through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa). For the transformation, two plant expression vectors containing genes encoding for the EpCAM recombinant protein along with the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Joining (J)-chain tagged with the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retention motif (J-chain K) were constructed. The vectors were successfully transformed and expressed in the Chinese cabbage individually using Agrobacterium. The transgenic Chinese cabbages were screened using genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in T0 transgenic plant lines generated from both transformants. Similarly, the immunoblot analysis revealed the expression of recombinant proteins in the transformants. Further, the T1 transgenic plants were generated by selfing the transgenic plants (T0) carrying EpCAM-IgM Fc and J-chain K proteins, respectively. Subsequently, the T1 plants generated from EpCAM-IgM Fc and J-chain K transformants were crossed to generate F1 plants carrying both transgenes. The presence of both transgenes was validated using PCR in the F1 plants. In addition, the expression of Chinese cabbage-derived EpCAM-IgM Fc × J-chain K was evaluated using immunoblot and ELISA analyses in the F1 plants. The outcomes of the present study can be utilized for the development of a potential anti-cancer vaccine candidate using Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Lee
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Chae-Yeon Lim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Sohee Lim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Se Ra Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Jong-Pil Hong
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Hye-Eun Lee
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (D.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-238-6670 (K.K.); +82-63-238-6670 (D.-S.K.)
| | - Do-Sun Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (D.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-238-6670 (K.K.); +82-63-238-6670 (D.-S.K.)
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Lim S, Kim DS, Ko K. Expression of a Large Single-Chain 13F6 Antibody with Binding Activity against Ebola Virus-Like Particles in a Plant System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7007. [PMID: 32977599 PMCID: PMC7582593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic animal and human viruses present a growing and persistent threat to humans worldwide. Ebola virus (EBOV) causes zoonosis in humans. Here, two structurally different anti-Ebola 13F6 antibodies, recognizing the heavily glycosylated mucin-like domain (MLD) of the glycoprotein (GP), were expressed in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants and designed as inexpensive and effective diagnostic antibodies against Ebola virus disease (EVD). The first was anti-EBOV 13F6 full size antibody with heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) (monoclonal antibody, mAb 13F6-FULL), while the second was a large single-chain (LSC) antibody (mAb 13F6-LSC). mAb 13F6-LSC was constructed by linking the 13F6 LC variable region (VL) with the HC of mAb 13F6-FULL using a peptide linker and extended to the C-terminus using the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif KDEL. Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation was employed to express the antibodies in N. tabacum. PCR, RT-PCR, and immunoblot analyses confirmed the gene insertion, transcription, and protein expression of these antibodies, respectively. The antibodies tagged with the KDEL motif displayed high-mannose type N-glycan structures and efficient binding to EBOV-like particles (VLPs). Thus, various forms of anti-EBOV plant-derived mAbs 13F6-FULL and LSC with efficient binding affinity to EBOV VLP can be produced in the plant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Lim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Do-Sun Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Korea;
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
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12
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Song I, Kang YJ, Kim DH, Kim MK, Ko K. Expression and in vitro function of anti-cancer mAbs in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 31234954 PMCID: PMC7196188 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.4.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody CO17-1A (mAb CO), which recognizes the tumor-associated antigen EpCAM, was expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. PCR and western blot analyses showed the insertion and expression of heavy chain (HC)/HC fused to the KDEL ER retention modif (HCK) and light chain (LC) of mAb CO and mAb CO with HCK (mAb COK) in Arabidopsis transformants. Both plant-derived mAbP CO and mAbP COK were purified from a biomass of approximately 1,000 seedlings grown in a greenhouse. In sandwich ELISA, both mAbP CO showed a slightly higher binding affinity for the target, EpCAM, compared to mAbM CO. In cell ELISA, both mAbsP COs showed binding affinity to the human colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Furthermore, mAbM CO, mAbP CO, and mAbP COK exhibited dose and time-dependent regression effects on SW480 cells in vitro. In summation, both mAbP CO and mAbP COK, expressed in Arabidopsis, recognized the target antigen EpCAM and showed anti-proliferative activity against human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilchan Song
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yang Joo Kang
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Dae Heon Kim
- Department of Biology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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13
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Kowalczyk T, Sitarek P, Toma M, Picot L, Wielanek M, Skała E, Śliwiński T. An Extract of Transgenic Senna obtusifolia L. Hairy Roots with Overexpression of PgSS1 Gene in Combination with Chemotherapeutic Agent Induces Apoptosis in the Leukemia Cell Line. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E510. [PMID: 32230928 PMCID: PMC7226363 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many biologically-active plant-derived compounds have therapeutic or chemopreventive effects. The use of plant in vitro cultures in conjunction with modern genetic engineering techniques allows greater amounts of valuable secondary metabolites to be obtained without interfering with the natural environment. This work presents the first findings concerning the acquisition of transgenic hairy roots of Senna obtusifolia overexpressing the gene encoding squalene synthase 1 from Panax ginseng (PgSS1) (SOPSS hairy loot lines) involved in terpenoid biosynthesis. Our results confirm that one of PgSS1-overexpressing hairy root line extracts (SOPSS2) possess a high cytotoxic effect against a human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (NALM6) cell line. Further analysis of the cell cycle, the expression of apoptosis-related genes (TP53, PUMA, NOXA, BAX) and the observed decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential also confirmed that the SOPSS2 hairy root extract displays the highest effects; similar results were also obtained for this extract combined with doxorubicin. The high cytotoxic activity, observed both alone or in combination with doxorubicin, may be due to the higher content of betulinic acid as determined by HPLC analysis. Our results suggest synergistic effects of tested extract (betulinic acid in greater amount) with doxorubicin which may be used in the future to develop new effective strategies of cancer chemosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Monika Toma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.T.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Laurent Picot
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, La Rochelle Université, UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, CEDEX 1, F-17042 La Rochelle, France;
| | - Marzena Wielanek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Skała
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.T.); (T.Ś.)
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Bamogo PKA, Brugidou C, Sérémé D, Tiendrébéogo F, Djigma FW, Simpore J, Lacombe S. Virus-based pharmaceutical production in plants: an opportunity to reduce health problems in Africa. Virol J 2019; 16:167. [PMID: 31888686 PMCID: PMC6937724 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing African countries face health problems that they struggle to solve. The major causes of this situation are high therapeutic and logistical costs. Plant-made therapeutics are easy to produce due to the lack of the safety considerations associated with traditional fermenter-based expression platforms, such as mammalian cells. Plant biosystems are easy to scale up and inexpensive, and they do not require refrigeration or a sophisticated medical infrastructure. These advantages provide an opportunity for plant-made pharmaceuticals to counteract diseases for which medicines were previously inaccessible to people in countries with few resources. MAIN BODY The techniques needed for plant-based therapeutic production are currently available. Viral expression vectors based on plant viruses have greatly enhanced plant-made therapeutic production and have been exploited to produce a variety of proteins of industrial, pharmaceutical and agribusiness interest. Some neglected tropical diseases occurring exclusively in the developing world have found solutions through plant bioreactor technology. Plant viral expression vectors have been reported in the production of therapeutics against these diseases occurring exclusively in the third world, and some virus-derived antigens produced in plants exhibit appropriate antigenicity and immunogenicity. However, all advances in the use of plants as bioreactors have been made by companies in Europe and America. The developing world is still far from acquiring this technology, although plant viral expression vectors may provide crucial help to overcome neglected diseases. CONCLUSION Today, interest in these tools is rising, and viral amplicons made in and for Africa are in progress. This review describes the biotechnological advances in the field of plant bioreactors, highlights factors restricting access to this technology by those who need it most and proposes a solution to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingdwende Kader Aziz Bamogo
- Interactions Plantes Microorganismes et Environnement (IPME), IRD, CIRAD, Université Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis BP64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/LMI Patho-Bios, 01BP476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo; Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Piétro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou 01, BP, 364, Burkina Faso
| | - Christophe Brugidou
- Interactions Plantes Microorganismes et Environnement (IPME), IRD, CIRAD, Université Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis BP64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/LMI Patho-Bios, 01BP476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Drissa Sérémé
- Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/LMI Patho-Bios, 01BP476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Fidèle Tiendrébéogo
- Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/LMI Patho-Bios, 01BP476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo; Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Piétro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou 01, BP, 364, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo; Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Piétro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou 01, BP, 364, Burkina Faso
| | - Séverine Lacombe
- Interactions Plantes Microorganismes et Environnement (IPME), IRD, CIRAD, Université Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis BP64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
- Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/LMI Patho-Bios, 01BP476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
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15
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Shin C, Kang Y, Kim HS, Shin YK, Ko K. Immune response of heterologous recombinant antigenic protein of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in mice. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:97-105. [PMID: 30949396 PMCID: PMC6440531 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2019.1575904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is an important infectious disease in fish worldwide caused by viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). VHSV is the causative agent of serious systemic diseases in fish, affecting a number of teleost fish species. In this study, VHSV glycoprotein (G), including its epitope, as a subunit vaccine candidate, was expressed in tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum). The recombinant gene, VHSVG, was fused to the immunoglobulin Fc fragment and extended with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (KDEL) to generate VHSVG-FcK. The recombinant expression vector for VHSVG-FcK was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens (LBA4404), and plant transformation was conducted N. tabacum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to confirm gene insertion and VHSVG-FcK protein expression was confirmed by immunoblot analysis. VHSVG-FcK protein was successfully purified from tobacco plant leaves. Furthermore, ELISA analysis showed that mice serum immunized with the plant-derived VHSVG-FcK (VHSVGP-FcK) had a high absorbance against VHSVG-FcK, indicating that the plant-derived recombinant subunit vaccine protein VHSVG-FcK can induce immune response. Taken together, this recombinant vaccine protein can be expressed in plant expression systems and can be appropriately assembled to be functional in immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunha Shin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yangjoo Kang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yong Kyoo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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