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Yun S, Reyes-Alcaraz A, Lee YN, Yong HJ, Choi J, Ham BJ, Sohn JW, Kim DH, Son GH, Kim H, Kwon SG, Kim DS, Kim BC, Hwang JI, Seong JY. Spexin-Based Galanin Receptor Type 2 Agonist for Comorbid Mood Disorders and Abnormal Body Weight. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:391. [PMID: 31057364 PMCID: PMC6482256 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the established comorbidity between mood disorders and abnormal eating behaviors, the underlying molecular mechanism and therapeutics remain to be resolved. Here, we show that a spexin-based galanin receptor type 2 agonist (SG2A) simultaneously normalized mood behaviors and body weight in corticosterone pellet-implanted (CORTI) mice, which are underweight and exhibit signs of anhedonia, increased anxiety, and depression. Administration of SG2A into the lateral ventricle produced antidepressive and anxiolytic effects in CORTI mice. Additionally, SG2A led to a recovery of body weight in CORTI mice while it induced significant weight loss in normal mice. In Pavlovian fear-conditioned mice, SG2A decreased contextual and auditory fear memory consolidation but accelerated the extinction of acquired fear memory without altering innate fear and recognition memory. The main action sites of SG2A in the brain may include serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus for mood control, and proopiomelanocortin/corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamus for appetite and body weight control. Furthermore, intranasal administration of SG2A exerted the same anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects and decreased food intake and body weight in a dose-dependent manner. Altogether, these results indicate that SG2A holds promise as a clinical treatment for patients with comorbid mood disorders and abnormal appetite/body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongsik Yun
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Yoo-Na Lee
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Yong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeewon Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Sohn
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Son
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jong-Ik Hwang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Young Seong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim KM. Conceptual Progress for the Improvements in the Selectivity and Efficacy of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Therapeutics: An Overview. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:1-3. [PMID: 28035077 PMCID: PMC5207458 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Man Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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